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Articles 36481 - 36510 of 793415
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Registered Nurses’ Perceptions Of Patient Safety In Critical Care Units, Martha Benghie Hyacinthe
Registered Nurses’ Perceptions Of Patient Safety In Critical Care Units, Martha Benghie Hyacinthe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Patient safety is a cornerstone of effective healthcare delivery, particularly in critical care units (CCUs) where patients are at heightened risk of complications due to their complex medical conditions. The purpose of this study, guided by Watson’s theory of human caring, was to explore RNs’ perceptions of patient safety in CCUs. Data on eight RNs working in CCUs were collected through semi-structured interviews, allowing for an in-depth exploration of nurses’ perspectives. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, allowing for an in-depth exploration of nurses’ perspectives. Using Saldana’s method of thematic analysis, three overarching themes emerged: patient safety, resource allocation, and …
Effect Of Post-Operative Clothing, Bandage, And Collar Application On Stress After Ovariohysterectomy In Cats, Çağatay Esin, Seba Raouf, Gülşah Saral, Büşra Uzun
Effect Of Post-Operative Clothing, Bandage, And Collar Application On Stress After Ovariohysterectomy In Cats, Çağatay Esin, Seba Raouf, Gülşah Saral, Büşra Uzun
The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine
Ovariohysterectomy is a common surgical procedure in veterinary medicine, not only for reproductive control but also for conditions like pyometra, metritis, mammary tumors, and other reproductive disorders. Pain in cats occurs as a response of the body and is accompanied by various physiological and behavioral changes. Pain in cats, though prevalent, is often under-recognized and inadequately treated. The Glasgow pain scale is a psychometrically designed tool for assessing acute pain in veterinary patients. Serotonin (5-HT), a biogenic monoamine derived from tryptophan, functions as a mood-regulating neurotransmitter and may decrease following surgical interventions. This study aimed to evaluate post-operative pain and …
Joker Forum Theatre As A Classroom Teacher: Qualitative Research Data., Nadarajan Thambu
Joker Forum Theatre As A Classroom Teacher: Qualitative Research Data., Nadarajan Thambu
Spect-actor: A Journal of Pedagogy & Theatre of the Oppressed
The task of maintaining the focus and interest of students on the teaching and learning process in the classroom is still a challenge for teachers of Moral Education subject. Students who do not pay attention, cannot understand moral values, accept and show commitment to them. The failure of students to focus will also fail the effort to produce moral human beings. Meanwhile, the role of theater in the field of education is also undeniable. Therefore, a form of community theater named Forum Theatre has been used as a pedagogy of teaching Moral Education among preservice teachers. In the context of …
This Is Theatre: Deconstructed Repetition And Theatre-In-Education During Covid-19, Subbah Mir
This Is Theatre: Deconstructed Repetition And Theatre-In-Education During Covid-19, Subbah Mir
Spect-actor: A Journal of Pedagogy & Theatre of the Oppressed
This project report is a practical application of deconstructed repetition model, I devised by merging Augusto Boal and Baz Kershaw, in an undergraduate Composition Writing class in Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, U.S. As the facilitator Deconstructed repetition means cost-effective repetition of personal and local stories for introspection in order to engage the community members, address the oppression, and celebrate the local culture. The four stipulations of the models are: avoiding the Western canon (or hegemonic voice), making the audience(s) see direct and indirect oppression, circumventing commodification while maintaining audience interest, and celebrating local culture instead of downright criticizing it. …
Evaluating The Use Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation In A Patient With Treatment Resistant Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder, And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Report, Luke Fritsch Ba, Mba, Msiv, Oluwafunke O. Ogunremi Bs, Msiv, Alexandra R. Job Bs, Msiv, James Hellekson Md
Evaluating The Use Of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation In A Patient With Treatment Resistant Depression, Autism Spectrum Disorder, And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Report, Luke Fritsch Ba, Mba, Msiv, Oluwafunke O. Ogunremi Bs, Msiv, Alexandra R. Job Bs, Msiv, James Hellekson Md
Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)
Despite a wide array of therapeutic modalities, many patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) experience no significant improvement in symptoms with traditional treatment. Given the prevalence of Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD), other alternative therapeutic modalities for MDD are being researched. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is one modality that continues to show successful therapeutic outcomes for those with TRD. The aim of this study is to highlight a case of rTMS being used on a patient with TRD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use.
Methods:
Our patient is a 53-year-old female who first presented to …
Orca Annual Report 2024-25, Msu Orca
Orca Annual Report 2024-25, Msu Orca
Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal
Quick Facts about ORCA in Academic Year 2024-25
- 12 slots filled for Posters-at-the-Capitol
- 346+ students presented at Scholars Weeks with support from 110+ faculty members
- 28 grants awarded totalling over $23,000
- Dr. Kelly Taylor named University Distinguished Mentor 2025
A Survey Of Practice Models And Outcomes In Michigan Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Lamart Hightower, Elissa Kent, Vikash Kumar, Lauren Michie, Alysha King, Tekoa Marshall
A Survey Of Practice Models And Outcomes In Michigan Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment, Lamart Hightower, Elissa Kent, Vikash Kumar, Lauren Michie, Alysha King, Tekoa Marshall
Journal of Social Work in the Global Community
The United States has a lengthy history of treating individuals experiencing substance use disorders (SUDs) from an abstinence-only framework. Harm reduction practices have grown a large base of empirical support in other parts of the world and have become central to treating individuals with SUDs. Within the United States, however, a substantial number of residential SUD treatment programs that continue to perpetuate an abstinence-only framework, which creates a lack of access for people who seek a harm reduction approach—and who likely need it the most. In this study, 66 residential treatment programs in Michigan were examined to determine whether they …
Farewell, Emperor: Incorporating Novelty Breathes Life Into Student Assessments & Retention, Arminda Elizabeth Lawrence Sr.
Farewell, Emperor: Incorporating Novelty Breathes Life Into Student Assessments & Retention, Arminda Elizabeth Lawrence Sr.
Teaching Social Studies in the Peach State
In this action research project, a high school AP European History teacher explores the impact of novelty-based assessment on student learning and information retention. By replacing traditional lecture and quiz methods with a creative Napoleon eulogy project, the teacher investigated whether novel assessment strategies could enhance student achievement. Students were tasked with researching an individual in Napoleon's orbit and delivering a eulogistic speech, departing from conventional evaluation methods.
The study revealed promising results: student comfort with Napoleonic history increased by 41.9%, and long-essay scores improved by 5.25%. Interestingly, while students did not initially recognize the project's educational value, follow-up assessments …
Intervention For Struggling Learners In K-5 Social Studies: Exploring A Tiered Model Of Support, Joshua M. Duggan
Intervention For Struggling Learners In K-5 Social Studies: Exploring A Tiered Model Of Support, Joshua M. Duggan
Teaching Social Studies in the Peach State
The K-5 social studies curriculum introduces students to foundational knowledge in civics, geography, economics, and history. Social studies is also a vehicle through which students: (a) synthesize content knowledge which in turn supports reading comprehension, (b) learn about community structures around them, and (c) build social-emotional skills through an in-depth understanding of the human condition. Yet, instructional time allocated to social studies has decreased over the past few decades, and scores on national social studies assessments indicate that most students do not attain proficiency in acquiring social studies knowledge. Furthermore, there is an absence of a robust system of intervention …
Friends Of The Library Annual Meeting, David Lodwick
Friends Of The Library Annual Meeting, David Lodwick
Friends of the Library Events
The Friends of the Library Annual Meeting is open to all Friends members to discuss programming for the 2025/2026 semesters.
The agenda and meeting minutes for the June 10, 2025 meeting can be downloaded by clicking the blue download button on the top right side of this page.
Why Acromegaly Dies: A Systematic Review, Isam Noori Salman, Safaa Ehssan Atta, Baydaa Ahmed Abed, Noor Ulhuda G. Mohammed
Why Acromegaly Dies: A Systematic Review, Isam Noori Salman, Safaa Ehssan Atta, Baydaa Ahmed Abed, Noor Ulhuda G. Mohammed
Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences
Acromegaly is a rare endocrine clinical syndrome characterized by long-term elevated production of growth hormone (GH) due to a pituitary adenoma tumor. The main problem of acromegaly patients (AC-PTs) is prolonged elevated GH concentration, which leads to increased insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) production, causing the characteristic tissue and bone overgrowth. The appearance of diabetes in AC-PTs was linked with the high risks of cardiovascular morbidity, indicating that individuals with both conditions face heightened health challenges. Acromegaly typically has a higher cancer incidence rather than the general population. Without early diagnosis and effective treatment, excess GH can have widespread systemic …
Does The Organization–Employee Relationship Matter? Linking The Organization–Employee Relationship With Employee Well-Being And Performance, Deepti Pathak, Gaurav Joshi
Does The Organization–Employee Relationship Matter? Linking The Organization–Employee Relationship With Employee Well-Being And Performance, Deepti Pathak, Gaurav Joshi
Economic and Business Review
The study examines the relationship between the organization–employee relationship (OER), well-being, and work performance of remote workers who were mandated to work from home because of the uncertainties and health risks brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study focuses on the work performance of the employees contributed through positive psychological well-being and positive OERs. A comprehensive nationwide survey was undertaken, involving a sample size of 1289 full-time IT employees in India, with the objective of determining the impact of well-being on individual work performance. Results from the analyses indicate that though the employees with limited experience of work from …
Customer Prioritization: From Conceptualization To International Application, Maria Gracner, John William Cadogan, Gregor Pfajfar
Customer Prioritization: From Conceptualization To International Application, Maria Gracner, John William Cadogan, Gregor Pfajfar
Economic and Business Review
This study examines customer prioritization, a strategic practice where businesses allocate resources and efforts based on customer value. While its significance in international marketing continues to grow, limited research exists on how customer prioritization is understood and applied in international firms operating across diverse cultural contexts. Addressing this gap, the study explores how international-marketing managers conceptualize customer prioritization and identifies its key components. Using a qualitative methodology, the study conducted in-depth interviews with Slovene international-marketing and sales managers from 13 export-oriented firms. Thematic analysis, guided by the Gioia methodology, identified four central themes: prioritization tactics and strategies, international customer profitability, …
St. Louis, Missouri’S Gayborhood And Washington, Dc’S Black Lives Matter Plaza: Revealing The Healing Potential Of Resistance Stories That Are Grounded In Place, Ryan R. Lindsay, Lotte I. Lent, Ackesha J. Patrick
St. Louis, Missouri’S Gayborhood And Washington, Dc’S Black Lives Matter Plaza: Revealing The Healing Potential Of Resistance Stories That Are Grounded In Place, Ryan R. Lindsay, Lotte I. Lent, Ackesha J. Patrick
Dissertations
Oppressed people resist, even when facing severe consequences for doing so. At the core of systemic oppression—genocide, slavery, racism, and sexism—is a drive to control and dehumanize. Resistance, however, can serve as a powerful act of rehumanization. From enslaved individuals fleeing plantations to LGBTQ+ individuals risking arrest to gather in mid-20th-century bars, resistance reclaims power and autonomy under oppressive regimes. This study applies South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) “four truths” framework—comprising forensic, personal, social, and healing truths—to the interpretation of contested heritage sites. We argue that sites commemorating resistance hold transformative potential for individual and community healing. Using …
Lindenwood Faculty Awards Recognize Connection And Academic Passion, Lindenwood University
Lindenwood Faculty Awards Recognize Connection And Academic Passion, Lindenwood University
Archived Lindenwood Press Releases
No abstract provided.
The Efficacy Of Open Educational Resources On Achievement Outcomes In Different Higher Education Institutions, Angela Grace Findlay
The Efficacy Of Open Educational Resources On Achievement Outcomes In Different Higher Education Institutions, Angela Grace Findlay
Theses and Dissertations
Students suffer from achievement gaps in higher education. Achievement gaps refer to differences in graduation rates, retention rates, persistence rates, and student's grades. Achievement gaps may negatively affect students who are culturally or ethnically diverse and/or have a lower socioeconomic status. The use of open educational resources (OER) may mitigate achievement gaps as OER assists student success through higher academic performance and cost savings for students. Average quiz scores were obtained at different higher education institutions using an Introduction to Psychology OER. The scores from each course were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. Colleges were nested by demographics to evaluate …
Report On 2024-2025 Compliance With Continuous Quality Improvement Legislation, University Of Northern Iowa
Report On 2024-2025 Compliance With Continuous Quality Improvement Legislation, University Of Northern Iowa
Institutional Effectiveness & Planning Documents
A report provided to the Iowa Board of Regents regarding continuous improvement processes in courses at the University of Northern Iowa.
Adolescent Preventive Care Outcomes Before And After Covid-19 Onset: What Is The Role Of Telehealth?, Sarah Hayden Knipper
Adolescent Preventive Care Outcomes Before And After Covid-19 Onset: What Is The Role Of Telehealth?, Sarah Hayden Knipper
Dissertations and Theses
Adolescents are a developmentally distinctive population with unique primary health care needs; they comprise about 10% of Oregon's population and more than half are covered by the Oregon Health Plan (OHP). This dissertation investigated significant declines in preventive care utilization (well visits and HPV immunizations) among adolescents enrolled in OHP during the COVID-19 pandemic and the relationship between the decline in utilization and the rise in telehealth availability. The study focused specifically on the role of race/ethnicity, geography, and access to health systems in mitigating or exacerbating decreases in preventive care. A mixed methods approach was employed to understand not …
The Idea Of Ethiopia: Heritage Tourism In The Land Of Origins, Hosaena T. Tilahun
The Idea Of Ethiopia: Heritage Tourism In The Land Of Origins, Hosaena T. Tilahun
Geography Undergraduate Senior Theses
Hosaena Tilahun's "The Idea of Ethiopia" explores how heritage tourism in Addis Ababa cultivates Ethiopian patriotism and exceptionalism. Through an in-depth, close reading of the National Museum of Ethiopia, Unity Park, and the Oromo Cultural Center, supplemented by observations at the Red Terror Memorial Museum and Dergue Prison, Tilahun examines how heritage sites shape the political memory of national resistance, revolution, and Black internationalist thought. Tilahun discovers omissions of Menelik II's role in the Red Sea Slave network, encountering museum and archival silences about the internal conquest of peoples peripheral to the northern Abyssinian empire. As these heritage site renovations …
Youth Activism And The City: An Urban Political Ecology Of Flooding In Porto Alegre, Brazil, Nadine Lorini Formiga
Youth Activism And The City: An Urban Political Ecology Of Flooding In Porto Alegre, Brazil, Nadine Lorini Formiga
Geography Undergraduate Senior Theses
This thesis examines the catastrophic 2024 flooding in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil—locally known as "The Flood"—through the lens of young environmental activists' experiences in Porto Alegre. Drawing on urban political ecology, disaster studies, and climate justice frameworks, this research examines how colonial-era urban planning and infrastructure influenced the socio-environmental conditions that led to The Flood, how the disaster affected young activists' relationships with their city, and what climate justice might entail in this context. Through (auto)ethnographic fieldwork conducted from July to August 2024, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, walk-throughs, and social media analysis, this study engages primarily with Eco …
Data Sonification: The Art Of Exploring Space Through Sound, Jessica Cotturone
Data Sonification: The Art Of Exploring Space Through Sound, Jessica Cotturone
Music: Student Scholarship & Creative Works
Data sonification is a cutting-edge, interdisciplinary field that involves the transformation of data into sound. As the amount of data collected in today’s world continues to rise exponentially, new collaborations between scientists, mathematicians, and musicians are exploring the potential applications of sonification. Turning data into sound can create new avenues for interpretation and can increase accessibility for visually-impaired populations. The sonic renderings produced by this practice exist on a spectrum from sound to music and vary in their levels of objectivity and expressivity. One of the major areas where data sonification is providing a new scientific and artistic perspective is …
Trainees’ Experience Of Videoconferencing Psychotherapy Training: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study, Tin Weng Mak
Trainees’ Experience Of Videoconferencing Psychotherapy Training: A Consensual Qualitative Research Study, Tin Weng Mak
Dissertations (1934 -)
As videoconferencing psychotherapy (VCP) becomes an increasingly common component of mental health service delivery, little is known about how trainees experience VCP training during their graduate education. Gaining insight into trainees’ lived experiences is essential to understanding how they navigate virtual care and how training programs can better prepare future clinicians. This study employed Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR) methodology to explore how trainees experienced their VCP training and how it shaped their clinical development. Fifteen master’s- and doctoral-level trainees were interviewed and provided rich accounts of both the helpful and challenging aspects of VCP training. Through the use of CQR, …
Food Environments And Mental Health: Analyzing The Impact Of Fast-Food Availability On U.S. Adults (2011-2016), Nicole Tenner
Food Environments And Mental Health: Analyzing The Impact Of Fast-Food Availability On U.S. Adults (2011-2016), Nicole Tenner
NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the relationship between the availability of fast food in US territories and mental health outcomes. Utilizing a cross-sectional design, the study examines data from the 2011 and 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) from the CDC, along with data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Environment Atlas. The analysis included a nationally representative sample of 351,823 participants across all 50 US states. Multiple regression models examined the association between fast food availability and two primary mental health outcomes: the number of self-reported poor mental health days and the likelihood of being diagnosed with a depressive …
The Impact Of Hazard Naming In Wireless Emergency Alerts: Enhancing Protective Action Decision Making And Organizational Attitudes, Micki Olson, Hugh Walpole, Jeannette Sutton, Lauren B. Cain, Nicholas Waugh
The Impact Of Hazard Naming In Wireless Emergency Alerts: Enhancing Protective Action Decision Making And Organizational Attitudes, Micki Olson, Hugh Walpole, Jeannette Sutton, Lauren B. Cain, Nicholas Waugh
Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Faculty Scholarship
Wireless Emergency Alerts are an important way people learn about impending threats. Yet, these messages typically lack information about the hazard that will endanger people. In this study, we examine how naming the hazard and its associated cues in a Wireless Emergency Alert influences people’s perceptions that help them make protective action decisions, including understanding, belief, personalization, deciding, response efficacy, and self-efficacy. We also measure the extent to which naming the hazard and its cues affects an organization’s reputation and perceived transparency. To do so, we conduct a 2 (message type: named hazard vs. unnamed hazard) × 3 (hazard type: …
Virtual Reality’S Impact On Tourist Attitudes In Islamic Religious Tourism: Exploring Emotional Attachment And Vr Presence, Eman Alkhalifah, Ramy Hammady, Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Alyaa Darwish, Ella Cranmer, Ons Al-Shamaileh, Aikaterini Bourazeri, Timothy Jung
Virtual Reality’S Impact On Tourist Attitudes In Islamic Religious Tourism: Exploring Emotional Attachment And Vr Presence, Eman Alkhalifah, Ramy Hammady, Mahmoud Abdelrahman, Alyaa Darwish, Ella Cranmer, Ons Al-Shamaileh, Aikaterini Bourazeri, Timothy Jung
All Works
This study explores the integration of immersive technologies, specifically virtual reality (VR), to enhance tourist experiences in the rapidly expanding religious tourism sector. Despite VR’s potential, limited research has examined its impact on religious tourism. This study addresses this gap by investigating the role of emotional attachment in influencing VR presence during pre-, on-site, and postexperiences of VR-mediated religious tourism. A quantitative survey was conducted with 201 respondents who participated in VR religious tourism activities. The empirical analysis, conducted using SPSS and AMOS structural equation modeling (SEM), assessed how VR-mediated religious tourism impacts VR presence and tourist attitudes before actual …
Rethinking “Key-Chain Swap” And Other Decontextualized Algorithm Teaching Practices For Rational Number Learners, Connor B. Desai
Rethinking “Key-Chain Swap” And Other Decontextualized Algorithm Teaching Practices For Rational Number Learners, Connor B. Desai
Education Dissertations
Mathematical literacy is critical in an increasingly data-driven society, yet many students struggle with rational number concepts due to the prevalence of decontextualized algorithmic instruction. This study investigates the impact of targeted professional development (PD) on sixth-grade teachers’ instructional strategies and their students’ rational number achievement. The research examines whether explicit, conceptually grounded teaching of rational number operations improves student understanding compared to traditional algorithm-based instruction. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study collected quantitative and qualitative data from students at two middle schools. The intervention was statistically significant at School A, where students in the intervention group demonstrated greater achievement …
Is Education Regulation The Solution To Help Lower Substance Use Rates And Substance Use Disorder In Oregon Youth?, Sophia R. Swain
Is Education Regulation The Solution To Help Lower Substance Use Rates And Substance Use Disorder In Oregon Youth?, Sophia R. Swain
Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs
How can we lower Oregon’s youth substance use disorder (SUD) and overdose rates? Oregon is third in the country for SUD, with 5.77% of adolescents (12-17) having documented SUD. Some claim that it is because of the decriminalization of drugs, like Senator Art Robinson, but another reason relies on how we are educating Oregon youth. Oregon education standards outline requirements for drug and alcohol education as well as Senate Bill 238. By analyzing school districts current prevention programs in high overdose-rate counties (Multnomah, Lane, and Josephine) and low overdose-rate counties (Washington, Yamhill, Linn, Deschutes, Marion, and Clackamas), a lack of …
Gen Z Hybristophilia: The Role Of Tiktok In Young Women’S Attraction To Deviant Men, Emma Virginia Treggia, Maria Ioannou, Calli Tzani, David Lester, Lucas Rogers, Thomas James Vaughan Williams, John Synnott, Michelle Drouin
Gen Z Hybristophilia: The Role Of Tiktok In Young Women’S Attraction To Deviant Men, Emma Virginia Treggia, Maria Ioannou, Calli Tzani, David Lester, Lucas Rogers, Thomas James Vaughan Williams, John Synnott, Michelle Drouin
Health Services and Informatics Research
This research explores hybristophilia (an individual’s sexual interest in and attraction to those who commit crimes) among Generation Z women, particularly through investigating how Gen Z female users interact with and feel about hybristophilic content and how this content impacts their attraction to offenders. Study 1 involved a content analysis of 66 videos and 91 comments on TikTok, identifying seven main themes: The Halo Effect, Actor-Offender Transference, Sympathy, Romance and APD, Protection and Loyalty, “I Can Fix Him,” Gen Z Irony, and Victim Fantasy. Study 2 used a cross-sectional survey with 95 women aged 18–27 to measure exposure to and …
Introduction To Clinical Psychology Syllabus (Psych 347), Valentina Nikulina
Introduction To Clinical Psychology Syllabus (Psych 347), Valentina Nikulina
Open Educational Resources
No abstract provided.
Enhancing Dementia Classification For Diverse Demographic Groups: Using Vision Transformer-Based Continuous Scoring Of Clock Drawing Tests., Mengyao Hu, Yi Lu Murphey, Tian Qin, Edmundo R Melipillán, Laura B Zahodne, Richard Gonzalez, Vicki A Freedman
Enhancing Dementia Classification For Diverse Demographic Groups: Using Vision Transformer-Based Continuous Scoring Of Clock Drawing Tests., Mengyao Hu, Yi Lu Murphey, Tian Qin, Edmundo R Melipillán, Laura B Zahodne, Richard Gonzalez, Vicki A Freedman
Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Objectives: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias significantly affect older adults' quality of life. The clock-drawing test (CDT) is a widely used dementia screening tool due to its ease of administration and effectiveness. However, manual CDT-coding in large-scale studies can be time-intensive and prone to coding errors and is typically limited to ordinal responses. In this study, we developed a continuous CDT score using a deep learning neural network (DLNN) and evaluated its ability to classify participants as having dementia or not.
Methods: Using a nationally representative sample of older adults from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), we …