Digital Commons Network^™

A Systematic Review Of Digital Interventions For Enhancing Social Skills In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role Of E-Books In Eibi, Intan Nurani, Rahmahtrisilvia Rahmahtrisilvia, Mega Iswari, Nurhastuti Nurhastuti

Journal of ICSAR

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent impairments in social communication and interaction, which significantly affect children’s adaptive functioning in daily life. Consequently, the development of social skills remains a critical focus in educational and therapeutic interventions. In recent years, digital technology has been increasingly explored as a complementary approach to support social skill development. This study aims to systematically review and synthesize empirical evidence regarding the use of digital interventions to improve social skills in children with ASD. The review focuses on digital approaches integrating behavioral principles, including Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI), gamification, interactive …

The Construction Of Learning Identity In Students With Intellectual Disabilities In Elementary Schools Providing Inclusive Education, Rosiana Rahayu, Sriyanto Sriyanto, Ana Andriani, Anang Widhi Nirwansyah

Journal of ICSAR

Suboptimal social support in inclusive education hinders the formation of a learning identity for students with intellectual disabilities. This study aims to identify the characteristics of learning needs, analyze the forms of social support received, and explain their contribution to the construction of a learning identity for students with intellectual disabilities. The study used a qualitative approach with an interpretive phenomenological design. Participants comprised four students with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities, three classroom teachers, two principals, and two parents/guardians, selected through purposive sampling from three inclusive elementary schools in Banyumas Regency. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, …

Drawing-Based Verbal Behavior Intervention For A Minimally Verbal Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study Toward The Db-Vbi Model, Ummu Masmuah, Budi Susetyo, Endang Rochyadi, Juhanaini Juhanaini, Ana Fatimatuzzahra

Journal of ICSAR

Minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represent approximately one-quarter to one-third of the autism population but remain underrepresented in intervention research. This study examined the communication profile, strengths, and intervention experiences of a ten-year-old minimally verbal boy with ASD to inform the development of an individualized communication framework. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the caregiver and therapists, direct behavioral observations across clinic and home settings, and analysis of the child’s drawings and copied written forms. The findings revealed a marked discrepancy between receptive understanding and spoken expression. Verbal responses varied according to the child’s motivation and …

Ira Intervention Model To Improve Parental Self-Efficacy In Addressing Communication Barriers In A Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Ira Ocktavia Siagian, Endang Rochyadi, Budi Susetyo, Herlina Hasan

Journal of ICSAR

Communication challenges in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can impact parental self-efficacy in supporting their child's communication. This study aimed to develop, validate, implement, and analyze the Identification, Response, and Action (IRA) Intervention Model to enhance parental self-efficacy in raising children with ASD who have communication difficulties. An embedded mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing a Single-Subject Research (SSR) A–B–A design as the primary framework. Quantitative data were gathered via a parental self-efficacy scale, observations of adaptive communication responses, a child functional communication checklist, and model implementation sheets; qualitative data were obtained through interviews, parent diaries, observations, field notes, and …

Canva Website-Based Digital Media Needs Analysis To Improve Discipline In Elementary School Students, Ajid Abdul Majid, Elan Elan

Journal of ICSAR

The digital transformation in education encourages the use of learning media that not only support cognitive achievement but also facilitate the strengthening of students' character values, including discipline at the elementary school level. This study aims to examine the potential and need for developing Canva Site-based digital media to support learning that encourages the formation of disciplined behavior. The study used a qualitative approach, conducting a literature review of journal articles, books, and other relevant scientific documents on digital media, technology-based learning, and character education. Data were analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify patterns, key concepts, and their implications …

The Influence Of School Principal Leadership Style, School Culture, And Achievement Motivation On Teacher Work Discipline: A Quantitative Study In Public Junior High School, Fitriyati Dyah Permatasari, Soedjono Soedjono, Aryo Andre Nugroho

Journal of ICSAR

Teacher work discipline is a crucial determinant of educational quality, as it reflects teachers’ professional commitment and consistency in carrying out instructional responsibilities. In inclusive education settings, teacher discipline also involves consistency in implementing differentiated instruction and in responding to diverse learner needs, including those of students with disabilities. However, teacher discipline is not solely an individual attribute but is influenced by organizational and psychological factors within the school environment. This study aims to examine the effects of principal leadership, school culture, and achievement motivation on teacher work discipline in public junior high schools in North Pekalongan District, Pekalongan City. …

Technology-Supported Visual-Social Media For Body Boundary Education Among Children With Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review, Erwin Taufik, Rayendra Rayendra, Abna Hidayanti, Nofri Hendri

Journal of ICSAR

Children with intellectual disabilities are a vulnerable group at risk of body boundary violations and sexual violence due to limitations in cognitive functioning, social understanding, and self-protection abilities. Therefore, adaptive and contextual body boundary education has become an urgent need in special education. This study aims to systematically examine the use of technology-supported visual-social media in body boundary and self-safety education for children with intellectual disabilities. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was employed, following PRISMA guidelines and complemented by bibliometric analysis to map publication trends and research characteristics. A literature search in the Scopus database identified 554 articles in …

Teachers’ Resistance And Adaptation In Facing The Digitalization Of Education At Vocational High School In Indonesia, Hilma Zuroida, Agus Tinus, Kuncahyono Kuncahyono

Journal of ICSAR

This study explores vocational high school teachers' resistance and adaptation in responding to educational digitalization and examines the factors shaping this process. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed to investigate teachers' lived experiences at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kepanjen, Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that teacher resistance is not a rejection of technology but a transitional phase characterized by hesitation, uncertainty, and adjustment. Internal factors such as digital literacy, technological self-efficacy, and generational differences influence teachers' responses, while external factors, including leadership, infrastructure, and professional communities, support adaptation. …

Bridging The Gap In Child Safeguarding: Teachers' Interpretation Of Safeguarding Policies And Perceived Competence In Inclusive Schools (A Phenomenological Study), Yohanes Subasno, Martinus Irwan Yulius

Journal of ICSAR

This qualitative phenomenological study interprets the experiences of teachers who work with students with disabilities in inclusive schools in Malang, Indonesia. In the safeguarding context, although existing literature has extensively examined safeguarding policies and/or programmatic effectiveness, less attention has been paid to the psychological and professional burdens experienced by teachers within high-risk contexts of victimization faced by children with disabilities. To address this gap, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 teachers from inclusive primary and secondary schools. Data were analyzed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) and interpreted through Bronfenbrenner’s socio-ecological framework to situate teachers’ experiences within interconnected micro-, meso-, …

Sociological Inquiry Into Inclusion, Identity, And Educational Practices For Children With Disabilities In A Special Needs Foundation In Indonesia, Nurcholis Sunuyeko, Jasuli Jasuli, Rochsun Rochsun

Journal of ICSAR

This study explores how inclusive policies, identity formation, and adapted teaching practices interact to shape educational experiences for children with disabilities at Bhakti Luhur Foundation Malang, a special-needs foundation in Indonesia that provides residential care and educational services for orphaned children with disabilities. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with three key informants: a principal, a classroom teacher, and a shadow teacher, supported by observations and document analysis. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of qualitative analysis. The findings indicate that inclusion is understood and enacted differently across institutional roles. While the principal …

Implementation Of Universal Design For Assessment For Visually Impaired Students: A Systematic Review Of Strategies And Challenges In Higher Education, Risa Safira Ramadhani, Budi Susetyo, Tati Hernawati, Iding Tarsidi, Imas Diana Aprilia

Journal of ICSAR

Visually impaired students face various barriers in accessing assessments in higher education. Universal Design for Assessment (UDA) offers a framework for creating assessments that are inclusive and accessible to all students without compromising the validity and reliability of the measurements. This article presents a systematic review of the implementation of Universal Design for Assessment (UDA) for visually impaired students in higher education, identifying effective strategies and challenges encountered. The results of the review show that the application of Universal Design for Assessment (UDA) principles such as format flexibility, technology accessibility, and inclusive design can increase the participation of visually impaired …

Development Of Canva Ai-Assisted Learning Media To Enhance Beginning Writing Skills In First-Grade Elementary School Students, Nina Andiani

Journal of ICSAR

This study aimed to develop Canva AI-assisted learning media to support beginning writing skills among first-grade elementary school students in an inclusive classroom context. The study used a Research and Development design with the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The participants were 40 first-grade students at SDN 3 Girimukti, Cisaga District, Ciamis Regency. The media were developed to address the limited use of interactive, accessible learning materials in beginning writing instruction. It was designed with visual prompts, simple navigation, clear instructions, and gradual writing activities to support students with diverse learning needs, including those …

Development Of A Culturally Tailored Care Model For Chronic Disease Management In The Coastal Community: A Modified Delphi Study, Laode Saltar, Heltty Heltty, Sitti Mikarna Kaimuddin

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, are increasing in Indonesia’s coastal communities including the Bajo population in Southeast Sulawesi. Limited healthcare access, cultural barriers, and low preventive health engagement exacerbate the disease burden in these communities. Culturally tailored interventions are needed to enhance self-awareness and improve chronic disease management. This study aimed to develop and validate a culturally sensitive care model for chronic disease management in the Bajo coastal community. A three-round modified Delphi method was used with 26 panelists representing health professionals, community leaders, policymakers, and family members recruited through community health centers and …

What Does Sentience Mean At The Neural Level?, Björn Brembs

Animal Sentience

Jonathan Birch's (2025) LSE criteria for sentience include motivational trade-offs, exemplified by C. elegansweighing hunger against desiccation risk. Yet once the neural circuit is known, this "trade-off" reduces to a single inhibitory synapse—an ‘elemental’ account discrediting the ‘molar’ one. My commentary illustrates the same discrepancy in Drosophila: dopaminergic ramping during courtship as it progressively suppresses threat-detecting neurons; so persistence past danger reflects recalibrated valuation rather than a weighed decision. As neurobiology increasingly discovers such discrepancies, all criteria resting on behavioral classifications risk being defined away without altering the behavior's validity.

From Words To Form: Disability In Contemporary Italian And Italian American Literature, Arianna Salomon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This dissertation traces nearly fifty years of representations of disability, understood as a cultural category, from the late 1970s to the early 2020s, in two interconnected traditions: Italian and Italian American literature. In particular, it explores how disability reshapes the act and aesthetics of writing in contemporary Italian and Italian American novels and memoirs. Given the field’s relative newness, the substantial groundwork still required, and the many connections between literature and disability, this dissertation uses nine case studies with a balanced pairing of Italian and Italian American works in each chapter: Carmelo Samonà’s Fratelli (1978) and Tina De Rosa’s Paper …

Paediatricians' Liability To Patients' Parents For Negligent Genetic Testing, Anthony Sangiuliano

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The Ontario Superior Court of Justice has recently held that a paediatrician might owe a duty of care to a patient’s parents when performing genetic testing on the patient and communicating test results to the parents. The parents may be able to claim damages against the paediatrician for breach of this duty if, in reliance on a miscommunication about the test results, they conceive a subsequent child who is later born with a disability. I call the tort alleged by the parents in these circumstances a subspecies of “paediatric triangular torts.” In this article, I demonstrate the conceptual feasibility of …

Quality Of Life Of Indigenous People In Villa Espina Lopez, Quezon: Input For Sustainable Intervention Program, Veronica S. Almase, Altagracia A. Silaya, Elenita R. Portez, Dionysius A. Velasquez, Riza Rizalina A. Quincina, Ronaldo G. Bulfa, Leilidyn Y. Zurbano

Social Sciences and Development Review

The government has begun prioritizing the welfare of Indigenous communities, aiming to integrate them more fully into society. Considering this, it becomes crucial to assess the Quality of Life (QoL) of these communities to tailor appropriate support and assistance provided by different organizations. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies, involving 40 members of the Aeta community, and utilizing the WHOQoL-BREF tool. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to explore relationships among different domains, while structured interviews delved into participants’ experiences, challenges, and aspirations. Among the various domains examined, environmental health scored the lowest, yet still indicating …

Impact Of Schizophrenia On Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Outcomes: A Nationwide Analysis, Chinenye Cynthia Odo, Adeleke Oluwaseun Dorcas, Andrew Greek, Enyioma Nwogwugwu, Chukwuebuka Asogwa, Emmanuel Daniel, Oluwamisimi Abib, Oluwaremilekun Zeth Tolu-Akinnawo, Chinelo Eneh, Toluwalase Awoyemi

Student Publications

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with an elevated cardiovascular disease burden and mortality. However, outcomes for patients with schizophrenia undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remain poorly characterized. We investigated perioperative outcomes, resource utilization, and discharge disposition in this vulnerable population.

Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample (2017-2020), we identified 773 925 adult CABG admissions, including 2250 patients with schizophrenia and 771 675 without. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, hospital charges, post-operative complications, and discharge disposition. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and hospital characteristics.

Results: Patients with schizophrenia …

Governance, Culture, And Law: The Expanding Scope Of Environmental Science And Sustainable Development Research, Ahyaudin Sodri, Herdis Herdiansyah

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Environmental science emerged as a discipline based on physical measurements, such as soil pollutant levels (Ailijiang et al., 2022), ecological restoration (Yue et al., 2026), city surface temperature (Shafizadeh-Moghadam et al., 2025), and microbial density in air samples (Hayleeyesus & Manaye, 2014). However, its objects of study increasingly extend beyond the confines of the laboratory. Questions that were once sufficiently answered with measurement data now require answers through draft laws, Constitutional Court decisions, financial reports of mining companies, and even traditional ritual discourses governing community access to forests. In other words, environmental …

Navigating Acceptance: Challenges Faced By Lgbtqia+ Students In A Tertiary Institution In The Southern Philippines, Mur-Hamida S. Eldani, Robin A. Amil Jr.

Social Sciences and Development Review

The Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, Asexual and other sexual (LGBTQIA+) community is continuously facing local and international challenges. There is an increasing social integration of LGBTQIA+ individuals, including different forms of discrimination and abuse. Despite worldwide movements and advocacies aiming for gender equality and inclusivity, many are still undergoing social adjustment for acceptance. Various universities and academic institutions are not always pillars of education but can be axes of prejudice and exclusion. By employing a mixed-methods approach, this study aims to investigate the experiences of LGBTQIA+ students in a conservative community of Tawi-Tawi, southern Philippines. This research used …

Symbols And Archetypes: A Formalist And Archetypal Analysis Of Peter Solis Nery’S Three Hiligaynon Short Stories, Atasha Rose Salva, Pearl Joy B. Materbonia, Ma. Rebecca A. Canono, Alyka Marie G. Guanzon, John Jonathan N. Normandia

Social Sciences and Development Review

Philippine regional literature, specifically Hiligaynon, encompasses a multifold of genres that reflect the region’s culture and literary excellence. Authors in the language excel in the craft of putting narrative and other elements together to create stories that provide insights into the lives and values of the Hiligaynon community. This study aims to contribute to the visibility of regional literature in academic research by exploring Hiligaynon literature through the works of Peter Solis Nery, particularly in the aspect of symbolism. Employing a Qualitative Textual Analysis design, this study sought to find (1) the symbolisms in the short stories Lirio, Donato Bugtot, …

Childhood Trauma, Mental Health, And Crime Commission Among Persons Deprived Of Liberty In A Selected City Jail: Toward A Trauma-Informed Intervention Program, Gerardo Sj. Gonzales Jr., Elmer G. De Jose

Social Sciences and Development Review

This study explores the relationship between childhood trauma and mental health among Persons Deprived of Liberty (PDLs) in the Philippine jail system, focusing on Baliuag City Jail, Region III. It also examines whether significant differences in trauma and mental health exist across crime categories. While trauma-crime linkages are widely studied in Western contexts, research remains limited within Philippine jail/correctional settings. Grounded in General Strain Theory and supported by Social Learning Theory, Differential Association Theory, and Trauma-Informed Care Model, the study uses a descriptive correlational and comparative research design. A stratified sample of 212 PDLs completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form …