Digital Commons Network^™

Technical Paper 332: The Fermi-Fluid Substrate And Geometric Volume Of 3d Space, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure models the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) as the material, viscoelastic Fermi-fluid substrate that establishes the physical 3D volumetric metric of space-time. Mainstream general relativity relies on an abstract geometric continuum devoid of physical substance, encountering a 120-order-of-magnitude divergence in vacuum energy calculations. By demonstrating that the Pauli Exclusion Principle generates an absolute Fermi degeneracy back-pressure across a dense cosmic sea of sub-critical, un-knotted neutrino wave-packets, we derive the structural geometry of 3D volume as a direct thermodynamic state function. This paper outlines two distinct architectural modules: the Bulk Medium (where the neutrino sea functions as spatial volume itself) …

Closed-Loop Automated Framework For Validating Timing Exceptions Via Model-Generated Formal Assertions, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Static timing analysis tools verify temporal signal arrival across integrated circuit paths. However, these tools rely on user-specified timing exceptions without validating underlying logical soundness. Incorrect timing exceptions applied to active logical paths can lead to physical functional failures after chip fabrication. A closed-loop automated framework translates timing constraints into formal properties using a generative large language model, combined with a deterministic formal verification engine. Structural logic cones associated with target timing paths are extracted from register-transfer level code to provide concise context to the large language model. The large language model generates formal property assertions representing the logical conditions …

Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_3, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

Upjohn Regional Economic Outlook, Vol. 1, No. 3, October 2026, Iryna V. Lendel, Chloe Wieber, Sevrin Williams, Gerrit Anderson, Lee Adams, Emily Petz

Reports

No abstract provided.

Computation Of Minimum Numbers Of Tile And Bond-Edge Types For Dna Self-Assembly Of Select Archimedean Graphs, Tabitha Merrithew, Jessica Sorrells

Theory & Applications of Graphs

This project mathematically models the self-assembly of DNA nanostructures in the shape of select Archimedean graphs using the flexible tile model. Under the most strict set of conditions of this model, we employ principles of linear algebra and graph theory to determine the minimum number of different DNA branched molecules needed to construct the desired shapes, theoretically reducing laboratory costs and the waste of biomaterials. We determine exact values for $T_3(G)$, the minimum number of molecule (or ``tile") types needed for all six order 12 and 24 Archimedean graphs. We also determine exact values for $B_3(G)$, the minimum number of …

Understanding Structured Data From The Perspective Of Irish Industry Professionals, Hamza Tariq, Ciaran Mcnally

Reports

This report examines the challenges associated with adopting structured data across the Irish construction sector, drawing on interviews with industry professionals involved in design and construction.

It explores why unstructured information remains prevalent and identifies barriers including digital knowledge gaps, inconsistent information requirements, fragmented information management systems, established working practices and contractual arrangements.

The report provides recommendations to support greater adoption of structured data, improved interoperability and more effective information exchange, helping organisations realise the benefits of digital construction.

Delivery Approach – Read Me First Guide, Robert Moore

Reports

This Build Digital guidance provides a structured approach to selecting and implementing information management delivery arrangements for public sector construction projects in Ireland, supporting the Capital Works Management Framework (CWMF), the Irish BIM Mandate and the ISO 19650 series.

The guidance considers four delivery approaches: In-house, Third-party, Design Team Lead and Sub-consultant. It supports public sector clients in evaluating their organisational capability, available resources, project complexity, governance requirements and associated risks to determine the most appropriate delivery approach.

The accompanying four-document suite comprises a Read Me First implementation guide, a comparative guide to the delivery approaches, a project-specific risk assessment …

1 / 2 Toward A Core Domain Ontology For Road Asset Management: A Consolidated Model Of Domain Requirements, Hamza Tariq, Ciaran Mcnally

Reports

This research explainer summarises a study examining how a shared conceptual model can improve interoperability in road asset management. Drawing on a systematic review of existing ontology research, the study consolidates key domain requirements into a Unified Modelling Language (UML) model. The findings provide a foundation for developing a core domain ontology to support more consistent interpretation, exchange and integration of road asset information across BIM, GIS and asset management systems.

Project Information Standard - Asset Register Building, Robert Moore

Tools

This Build Digital Asset Register for Buildings provides a practical starting point for public sector clients developing asset information requirements for conventional building projects.

Based on a simplified selection of COBie information fields, the Excel workbook supports the identification, organisation and collection of asset information for building operation and maintenance. It can assist clients in defining information requirements and communicating these to project delivery teams.

The workbook is particularly suited to organisations beginning their digital asset management journey. It is intended as an adaptable guidance resource rather than a comprehensive asset management solution. More complex buildings and critical infrastructure may …

Improving Patient Referrals To Exercise Professionals Through Behavioral Change Stage Categorization To Address Barriers To Exercise, Jeffrey Young

Doctorate in Kinesiology

This action research study examined implementation of a clinician-led framework for identifying adults not participating in safe, structured, progressive resistance training; assessing readiness; addressing barriers; and referring appropriate patients to qualified medical fitness professionals. The intervention integrated the Transtheoretical Model, Motivational Interviewing, and COM-B and used a decision tree, barriers guide, referral procedures, logs, reflection meetings, and surveys. Ten clinicians, seven physicians and three nurse practitioners, implemented the framework across varied practice settings during a 12-week intervention with three action research cycles. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, and qualitative data were examined using descriptive thematic analysis. Clinicians documented 338 patient …

Urbanization Trends In Asean: The Impact Of Key Sosioeconomics Factors, Rifki Khoirudin, Muhammad Safar Nasir

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan

This study aims to analyze the influence of agricultural land, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, Gini index, environmental quality index, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on urbanization in seven ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam during the period 2014–2023. Urbanization in this region is an important phenomenon in the process of economic development, but also poses significant ecological and social challenges. This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data types (time series and cross section). The data are processed with the panel data regression analysis method, and the selection of the best model based …

Sovereign Immunity After Galette V. New Jersey Transit Corporation: A Chance To Protect All Higher Education Students From Fraudulent, Unfair, And Deceptive Practices, Chris Bryant, Daniel A. Zibel

Fordham Law Review Online

In recent years, increasing financial pressures on colleges and universities have driven many institutions to focus heavily on strategies to increase institutional revenue. Although strategies vary, many institutions have undertaken partnerships with private companies. Some institutions have adopted recruitment and enrollment tactics traditionally associated with for profit colleges, while others have simply acquired for-profit colleges.

The increased focus on revenue maximization by public and nonprofit institutions is not without risk to students. But in many places, the law creates a dichotomy: when students at public institutions fall victim to unfair or deceptive practices from those schools, they generally have fewer …

Physicochemical, Antioxidant, And Antimicrobial Properties Of Pasteurized Buffalo Milk Fortified With Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Extract, Rikes Taruk Allo, Irma Isnafia Arief, Cahyo Budiman, Dicky Tri Utama, Irfan Dwidya Prijambada, Muhammad Saifur Rohman

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extract fortification on the physicochemical properties, nutritional composition, and functional activities of pasteurized buffalo milk. The study employed a 2 × 2 factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three technical replicates. The treatment factors were buffalo milk type (River and Toraja Belang) and roselle extract concentration (0% and 5%, v/v). Fortification with 5% roselle extract decreased the pH to 5.60 ± 0.07 and 5.51 ± 0.06 and the viscosity to 2.76 ± 0.75 and 2.42 ± 0.41 mPa·s, respectively, but did not affect water activity. River buffalo …

In Vitro Fermentability And Digestibility Of Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon Nardus) Waste Steamed And Fermented Using Different Species Of White-Rot Fungi, Muhammad Hamzah, Sitti Wajizah, Indra Wahyudi, Samadi

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Waste from citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) distillation has potential as an alternative ruminant feed, but its utilization is limited by its high lignocellulosic content, which reduces digestibility. This study evaluated the effect of fermentation using different white-rot fungi (WRF) species on the in vitro fermentability and digestibility of citronella grass waste. A Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and four replicates was used: an uninoculated control, fermentation with Trametes versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Lentinula edodes, and a T. versicolor plus P. chrysosporium consortium. The observed parameters included dry matter and organic matter digestibility, pH, ammonia (NH …

Strategic Value Chain Analysis Of Baiada Poultry: Enhancing The Industrial Value Of Ross Breeders In South Australia, Hammam Abdullah, Eudia Christina Wulandari, Zakaria Husein Abdurrahman

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The Australian poultry industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by rising protein demand and stringent standards for animal welfare and biosecurity. As a market leader, Baiada Poultry plays a pivotal role in the upstream Ross breeder sector in South Australia. This study evaluates Baiada’s strategic positioning and operational efficiency to identify how vertical integration and value chain optimization enhance industrial value. Using a descriptive qualitative case study approach, this research utilizes Value Chain Analysis (VCA) and SWOT analysis. Data were gathered through field observations at South Australian breeder facilities, in-depth interviews with management, and comprehensive documentation of biosecurity protocols. …

A Correlational Study Of Work Stress And Marital Stability Among Married Female Police Personnel In Kwara State, Nigeria, Haruna Ibrahim

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

This study investigated the relationship between job stress and marital stability among married female police personnel in Kwara State, Nigeria. A Descriptive Research Design of correlational type was adopted. The sample size (Target Population) of the study comprised all the 112 married female police personnel in Kwara State, Nigeria. Based on the relatively small sample size, population census (Total enumeration) was adopted for this study, where all the married female police personnel were sampled. The Operational Police Stress Questionnaire and Dyadic Adjustment Scale were used for data collection. Findings revealed a significant correlation between the independent variables and the dependent …

Comparative Case Study Of Production Efficiency, Financial Performance, And Business Risk In Laying Hen Farms With Different Housing Systems And Management Conditions, Aliffa Mahayu Swastiratu, Fanny Widadie, Darsono

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The laying hen sector continues to expand in response to increasing demand for animal protein; however, productivity remains sensitive to environmental conditions, particularly temperature fluctuations that affect production stability. The housing system represents a key management factor influencing farm performance. This study aims to compare production efficiency, financial performance, and business risk between closed-house and open-house laying hen systems. A comparative case study approach was applied to two commercial farms in Bayat District, Klaten Regency, representing each housing system. Data were analyzed using feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rate for production efficiency, cost–revenue analysis, R/C ratio, and return on …

Optimizing Multi-Layer/Multi-Physics Passive Adaptive Thermal Enclosures For Climate-Responsive Energy Regulation: A Numerical Study, Rajae Bousselham, Mingjiang Tao, Sergio Granados-Focil, Adriana Hera, Steven Van Dessel

Chemistry

Adaptive facades regulate heat transfer by adjusting their thermal behavior in response to environmental conditions. Passive adaptive systems, including stimuli-responsive thermal storage materials, tunable radiative coatings, and variable-conductivity layers, offer significant potential for material-based thermal regulation. However, their combined potential remains unexplored, as most studies examine individual mechanisms in isolation. As a result, trade-offs among energy savings, material usage, design complexity, and climate responsiveness are often underrepresented, overlooking coupled interactions in multilayer assemblies limiting their effectiveness. This study develops a transient three-dimensional numerical framework coupling heat transfer with multi-objective optimization to evaluate trade-offs between minimizing annual energy consumption and enclosure …

Prototyping Pinhole Collimators For Imaging Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Narrie Loftus, Ashish Avachat, Joseph T. Graham, Ryan Fronk, Jordan Fox, Rachel Shaffer, Seth Kilby

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Collimator design and fabrication is a costly and time-consuming process that does not lend itself to simplified testing. This manuscript presents an approach for the rapid prototyping of sub-millimeter pinhole collimators for nuclear fuel applications using low-melting-point, high-mass-density materials. Multiple collimators were fabricated to test collimator parameters and properties, including acceptance angle, aperture diameter, and magnification. The fabricated collimators were paired with a position-sensitive CdZnTe detector to determine the detector response convolved with the collimator. Preliminary analysis using these collimators showed that they were effective in collimating multi-energy gamma laboratory sources. Radiography was performed to confirm magnification and determine coarse …

Defense-To-Attack: Bypassing Weak Defenses Enables Stronger Jailbreaks In Vision-Language Models, Yunhan Zhao, Xiang Zheng, Yige Li, Xingjun Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite their superb capabilities, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been shown to be vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. While recent jailbreaks have achieved notable progress, their effectiveness and efficiency can still be improved. In this work, we reveal an interesting phenomenon: incorporating weak defense cues into the attack pipeline can significantly enhance both the effectiveness and efficiency of jailbreaks on VLMs. Building on this insight, we propose Defense2Attack, a novel jailbreak method that bypasses the safety guardrails of VLMs by leveraging defensive patterns to guide jailbreak prompt construction. Specifically, Defense2Attack consists of three key components: (1) a visual optimizer that embeds universal …

Semantic-Structural Decoupling: Disentangling Semantic Attention From Structural Bias In The Attention Manifold, Pengkun Jiao, Bin Zhu, Jingjing Chen, Yu-Gang Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The empirical success of attention mechanism in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) often obscures its inherent, subtle flaws. Specifically, MLLMs consistently exhibit disproportionate attention toward certain semantically uninformative visual tokens, a phenomenon termed "register" or "Visual Attention Sinks." While existing inference intervention methods attempt to identify these sink tokens and redistribute their attention weights, such approaches typically treat these tokens in isolation and suffer from computational inefficiency. Instead, we reframe this phenomenon as a generalized textual bias exerted over visual features that extends beyond isolated sink tokens. From this perspective, a pervasive structural bias leads to the dilution of the …

Updated Library Publishing Curriculum Policy Module: Policy Narrative, Alexandra Marcaccio, Talea Anderson, Corinne Guimont, Esther Jackson, Michelle Wilson, Perry Collins

Library Publishing Curriculum

The Policy Module covers how library publishers develop policies that guide specific areas of their work. Policy is an area where publishing programs interface with the legal and political environment, which has seen dramatic changes since the original Policy Module was written, and these units provide the up-to-date guidance that library publishers need. The units in the updated Policy Module are:

• Accessibility by Alexandra Marcaccio
• Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion by Talea Anderson
• Preservation by Corinne Guimont
• Publishing Ethics by Esther Jackson & Michelle Wilson
• Rights & Rights Management by Perry Collins

Book Review: Disability And Evangelism:The Good News Of The Fullness Of God's Kingdom, By Rochelle Scheuermann, T.S. John

Witness

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Christian Faith Sharing Through Social Media On Christian And Non-Christian Young Adults, Glen Bowman, Ruben Williams, Tyler Sheppard

Witness

This paper explores the influence of Christian faith sharing through social media on young adults, both Christian and non-Christian. Drawing on two qualitative descriptive studies using semi-structured interviews and focus groups, the research synthesized codes and identified key themes regarding positively oriented Christian content on social media. The content generally appealed to young adults and frequently enhanced their spiritual thinking, motivation, and behavior. However, posts with a negative tone, poor scriptural use, or perceived hypocrisy tend to provoke adverse reactions, including negative thoughts about Christianity and “fight-or-flight” behavioral responses. The findings also reveal that young adults often underestimate the influence …

A Review Of Gallium And Germanium Recovery From Industrial Solid Residues, Ernest V. Oteng, Marthias Silwamba, Lana Alagha, Alex Luyima

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The global demand for critical elements such as gallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge), and the shift toward circular mining has accelerated the development of new extraction and recovery processing these metals from industrial solid residues. This transition is driven by a substantial surge in demand for advanced technologies and the depletion of primary ore. Consequently, industrial solid residues, particularly zinc processing residues, smelter slags, flue dusts, and coal fly ash, are emerging as viable alternative sources. These residues incorporate Ga and Ge through isomorphic substitution in phases such as ferrites, silicates, and glassy aluminosilicates, and are enriched by industrial processes, …

"I Was Taught To Think Of My Body As Too Sexual": Comparative Thematic Analysis Of Parent And Peer Messages About The Body During Adolescence, Erin Nolen, Catherine Cubbin, Shetal Vohra-Gupta, Helena Lewis-Smith

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Parents and peers play an important role in adolescents' body image and embodiment. Messages girls receive about sex and puberty during these formative years can contribute to either positive embodiment or disrupted/disconnected embodiment. To better understand how these messages are constructed in adolescence, we conducted a comparative thematic analysis of self-reported, retrospective accounts of messages conveyed by parents and peers. We administered an online survey using Prolific, which included open-text questions that we analyzed for this study. Participants were 339 cisgender women aged 19 to 29 (M = 24.4, SD = 2.84). Participants identified as Asian/Pacific Islander (23.0%), Black (22.4%), …

November 2026 Library & Learning Newsletter, Minnesota State University, Mankato. Library & Learning Dean's Office Communication Team

Library & Learning Newsletters

PDF version of the November 2026 (Volume 5, Issue 3) Library & Learning Newsletter.

Meeting Survivors Where They Are: Gbv Service Fit And Mismatch In Rural Communities, Ziwei Qi, Rachel Dolechek, Naishuo Sun

Social Work Faculty Publications

Gender-based violence (GBV) poses ongoing challenges in rural communities, where structural and cultural barriers often hinder effective support. This qualitative study analyzed six listening sessions and two survivor panels with over 50 participants in a Midwestern state. Using trauma-informed care and cultural humility frameworks, we conducted reflexive thematic analysis to explore service alignment with local values and survivor needs. Two themes emerged: service fits, marked by adaptive, trust-based practices; and service mismatches, involving rigid systems and cultural isolation. Findings highlight the need for survivor-led, flexible, and culturally grounded responses to enhance rural GBV service delivery and promote long-term well-being.

Data Bits To Identify Survey Bots And Insincere Respondents, Elena P. Noetzel, Abigail Beavers, Erin Dannecker

International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities

Information technologies increasingly influence the quality of online survey data. To better understand the quality of online survey data, the researchers conducted a secondary analysis of a survey’s (Study 1; N = 98) data elements and a pilot study (Study 2; N = 20) with a new online survey. The researchers asked: (1) what data elements differed between suspected sincere or insincere survey participants and, (2) how have other researchers checked and perceived checked data from online surveys? In Study 1, the researchers grouped participants into suspected sincere or insincere cohorts based on their survey access method and email address …

Organic Solvent-Assisted Pore Structure Modulation In Porous Carbons For Superior Energy Storage Performance In Supercapacitors, Jibi Kunjumon, Gurwinder Singh, Ajanya M. Ruban, Harleen Kaur, Alan Larson, Ranjit Pati, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications

The pore structure is a significant feature of porous carbons that accounts for their excellent performance in supercapacitors; however, the literature on pore modulation and cleansing is scarce. Here, a novel approach based on organic solvent-assisted pore modulation is reported to tune the pore hierarchy and local carbon-layer arrangement in porous carbons derived from waste biomass. The strategy involves adsorbing n-heptane into porous carbon at room temperature, thereby facilitating realignment of the carbon layers, improving pore hierarchy, and generating short-range graphitic domains. The solvent-assisted pore modulation, together with the high surface area and graphitization, led to a significant increase of …