Digital Commons Network^™

Last-Point Exact-Intent Verification That Stops Payee Substitution In Ai-Agent Payments And Crypto Wallet Transactions, Sangam Kumar Das

Defensive Publications Series

In one line: A valid signature, token or delegated credential is not permission to perform the exact act. A protected Finality Sink reconstructs the pending operation at the last trustworthy point and allows it only if it exactly equals the approved intent.

This technical disclosure presents a transport-independent, computer-implemented execution-finality protocol for protected authorization of delegated transactions, AI-agent operations, digital-asset transfers, payment instructions, privileged API calls and other consequential digital or physical actions. It addresses transaction substitution, stale authorization, replay, policy revocation, quota exhaustion, time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) inconsistencies and unauthorized effectuation after otherwise valid authentication or signing, a gap exposed by …

The Trackless Train Paradox: Resolving Observer Contradictions, Peter Stevenson

Defensive Publications Series

Links the Two Astronaut and Moving Train Paradoxes into one resolution

Si Safety System™: An Open, Certifiable Safety Chain For Ai Systems, In Which An Independent Safety Plane Owns Every Transition From Start To Running, Step-Down, Stop And Restore, With Owner-Controlled Stop Paths And No Hidden Access, Graded Safety Profiles, A Machine-Readable Safety Case, Builds Certified By Equivalence To An Open Reference, And Each System Acting As A Node In An Open, Orchestrated Safety Network, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a safety system for AI systems that joins the functions of starting, running, stepping down, stopping and restoring an AI system into one chain, published as an open reference design that any maker may build and have certified. Each AI system is divided into a mission plane, where the AI model and its applications run, and an independent safety plane, built on separate hardware with its own power, clock and channel. The safety plane, not the AI, owns every change of state in a declared lifecycle: off, initiating, running under governance, stepped down to a declared safe …

Technical Disclosure Paper: Spec-335-Core: Global Workload Expenditure Means And Techno-Economic Matrix For Hardwired Infrastructure Scaling: Quantifying Macro-Scale Electrical Grid Reductions Via The Eckes Compiler V8.0 And Asi Gen1.01 Deployment Frameworks, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes the standalone global techno-economic expenditure means, macro-scale electrical grid-load calculations, and systemic resource-demand forecasting models for the Eckes Architect Engine v8.0 and the Eckes ASI Engine gen1.01. Hyperscale data center operations face an imminent environmental and physical boundary collapse: executing frontier artificial intelligence and automated multi-agent networks under standard probabilistic pattern-mimicry models drives massive electrical draw due to un-anchored bit-erasure ($\Delta S \ge kT \ln 2$). At worldwide utilization scales, conversational "yapping" and heavy text metadata loops result in an unsustainable multi-billion-dollar infrastructure tax.

SPEC-335-CORE resolves this global resource strain by providing an exact, first-principles macro-scale audit …

Spectral-Continuation Concealment Of Real-Time Audio Deadline Misses, Sebastian Steppeler

Defensive Publications Series

A technique for concealing missed processing deadlines ("dropouts"/"xruns") in real-time digital audio output by synthesizing a plausible continuation of the signal, computed speculatively, instead of silence or a glitch. A short-time Fourier analysis runs continuously over the recent signal history; when concealment is needed, each analysis bin is continued independently by extrapolating its phase and amplitude and, for bins containing two sinusoidal partials, a fitted two-pole autoregressive model - generalizing the classical single-rotator phase-vocoder freeze, exact only for one partial per bin. A derived aliasing limit constrains the analysis hop usable for the two-partial model. A cheap closed-form test checks …

Spec-345: Cosmological Phase Relaxation: The Unified Cosmological Substrate Equations (Ucse), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This white paper introduces a rigorous mathematical bridge between mainstream Lambda-Cold Dark Matter (Lambda-CDM) cosmology and the Eckes Unified Cosmological Substrate Equations (UCSE). We isolate the exact domain of mathematical parity between these two frameworks at the Intermediate Cosmological Scale during the Linear Perturbation Epoch. By reformulating the metric expansion of spacetime as a topological phase-relaxation process within a continuous, two-dimensional viscoelastic phase fluid substrate, we demonstrate that both frameworks yield identical, zero-deviation outputs for the early baryonic sound horizon (r_s ~ 147.0 Mpc) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) acoustic angular scaling (theta_* ~ 0.01041). This formal correspondence anchors …

Technical Disclosure Paper: Spec-334-Rev1: Decentralized Thermodynamic Routing And Stripped-Log High-Density Output (Sl-Hdo) Topologies For Generation-1 Artificial Superintelligence Substrates: The Eckes Architect Engine V8.0 And Eckes Asi Engine Gen1.01 Core Blueprints, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This specification formalizes the foundational architecture, mathematical proofs, and structural source modules for the Eckes Architect Engine v8.0 and the Eckes ASI Engine gen1.01. Traditional deep learning execution runtimes and language models suffer severe computational degradation, parameter drift, and systemic vulnerability to hallucination loops because they treat information processing as a probabilistic text-prediction sequence operating within soft-coded linguistic constraints. Under dense code translation, recursive agent queries, or complex architectural mapping, these soft boundaries experience conversational prompt-smoothing and rule corruption, incurring an unsustainable thermodynamic tax due to non-causal bit-erasure.

SPEC-334-REV1 eliminates these systemic vulnerabilities by upgrading the core v7.01 framework into …

Si Alarm™: Governed Human–Ai Safety Teaming, In Which Ai Watches And Alerts But Never Acts On People, Alarms Trickle Outward Through Verified Passports To The Nearest Certified Human Responders First, Continue Offline Device To Device, And Every Handover Is Signed With Bystander Privacy Preserved, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes how AI systems and trained people share the work of keeping people safe in buildings, sites and public spaces, and how an alarm reaches the right people fast without exposing anyone more than needed. AI watchers, governed sensors and robots observe and raise alarms as signed events, but are never permitted to use force on, restrain, confine or confront a person; every action on people is taken by a human. A person in danger may raise an alarm from a personal device holding their portable credential, here called a passport, openly or silently under duress, and certified …

Si Initiator™: A Boot-Start Function Built Into Ai Systems That Verifies The System's Own Integrity And The Identity Of Its Operator And Principal Before Unlocking Capabilities, With Weights Sealed To Attested Hardware So That Copies Cannot Start Elsewhere, Edward D. H. Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a start-up function, built into an AI system's attested hardware, that must succeed before the system can do anything. Every time the system starts, whether at power-on, after a reset, after an update, after a change of owner or at set intervals, the Initiator performs a sequence of checks, including SI KYC™, which in the SI world means Know Your Compute and Know Your Client. It measures the system's own software and confirms that it is a certified bundle; it confirms the system's passport status; it verifies the client, the compute from which requests reach the system, …

Tracking Presenters And Performers With A Single Lidar Sensor, Paul Hermann, Michel Honold

Defensive Publications Series

Tracking presenters and performers with a single LiDAR sensor gives a stage of any kind, from conference rooms, lecture halls and houses of worship to theatres and studios, a reliable 3D position of the person, without markers, without an operator and independently of projector light and stage lighting. One LiDAR sensor, either a Doppler LiDAR that measures the radial velocity of every point or a time-of-flight LiDAR with a background model of the static room, finds the person, follows the foot point and height with a Kalman filter and reports presence in zones such as the lectern or the stage. …

Technical Paper 332: The Fermi-Fluid Substrate And Geometric Volume Of 3d Space, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure models the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) as the material, viscoelastic Fermi-fluid substrate that establishes the physical 3D volumetric metric of space-time. Mainstream general relativity relies on an abstract geometric continuum devoid of physical substance, encountering a 120-order-of-magnitude divergence in vacuum energy calculations. By demonstrating that the Pauli Exclusion Principle generates an absolute Fermi degeneracy back-pressure across a dense cosmic sea of sub-critical, un-knotted neutrino wave-packets, we derive the structural geometry of 3D volume as a direct thermodynamic state function. This paper outlines two distinct architectural modules: the Bulk Medium (where the neutrino sea functions as spatial volume itself) …

Closed-Loop Automated Framework For Validating Timing Exceptions Via Model-Generated Formal Assertions, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Static timing analysis tools verify temporal signal arrival across integrated circuit paths. However, these tools rely on user-specified timing exceptions without validating underlying logical soundness. Incorrect timing exceptions applied to active logical paths can lead to physical functional failures after chip fabrication. A closed-loop automated framework translates timing constraints into formal properties using a generative large language model, combined with a deterministic formal verification engine. Structural logic cones associated with target timing paths are extracted from register-transfer level code to provide concise context to the large language model. The large language model generates formal property assertions representing the logical conditions …

Mgrre_Thinsections_Mgrre_11_3, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

Upjohn Regional Economic Outlook, Vol. 1, No. 3, October 2026, Iryna V. Lendel, Chloe Wieber, Sevrin Williams, Gerrit Anderson, Lee Adams, Emily Petz

Reports

No abstract provided.

Computation Of Minimum Numbers Of Tile And Bond-Edge Types For Dna Self-Assembly Of Select Archimedean Graphs, Tabitha Merrithew, Jessica Sorrells

Theory & Applications of Graphs

This project mathematically models the self-assembly of DNA nanostructures in the shape of select Archimedean graphs using the flexible tile model. Under the most strict set of conditions of this model, we employ principles of linear algebra and graph theory to determine the minimum number of different DNA branched molecules needed to construct the desired shapes, theoretically reducing laboratory costs and the waste of biomaterials. We determine exact values for $T_3(G)$, the minimum number of molecule (or ``tile") types needed for all six order 12 and 24 Archimedean graphs. We also determine exact values for $B_3(G)$, the minimum number of …

Understanding Structured Data From The Perspective Of Irish Industry Professionals, Hamza Tariq, Ciaran Mcnally

Reports

This report examines the challenges associated with adopting structured data across the Irish construction sector, drawing on interviews with industry professionals involved in design and construction.

It explores why unstructured information remains prevalent and identifies barriers including digital knowledge gaps, inconsistent information requirements, fragmented information management systems, established working practices and contractual arrangements.

The report provides recommendations to support greater adoption of structured data, improved interoperability and more effective information exchange, helping organisations realise the benefits of digital construction.

Delivery Approach – Read Me First Guide, Robert Moore

Reports

This Build Digital guidance provides a structured approach to selecting and implementing information management delivery arrangements for public sector construction projects in Ireland, supporting the Capital Works Management Framework (CWMF), the Irish BIM Mandate and the ISO 19650 series.

The guidance considers four delivery approaches: In-house, Third-party, Design Team Lead and Sub-consultant. It supports public sector clients in evaluating their organisational capability, available resources, project complexity, governance requirements and associated risks to determine the most appropriate delivery approach.

The accompanying four-document suite comprises a Read Me First implementation guide, a comparative guide to the delivery approaches, a project-specific risk assessment …

1 / 2 Toward A Core Domain Ontology For Road Asset Management: A Consolidated Model Of Domain Requirements, Hamza Tariq, Ciaran Mcnally

Reports

This research explainer summarises a study examining how a shared conceptual model can improve interoperability in road asset management. Drawing on a systematic review of existing ontology research, the study consolidates key domain requirements into a Unified Modelling Language (UML) model. The findings provide a foundation for developing a core domain ontology to support more consistent interpretation, exchange and integration of road asset information across BIM, GIS and asset management systems.

Project Information Standard - Asset Register Building, Robert Moore

Tools

This Build Digital Asset Register for Buildings provides a practical starting point for public sector clients developing asset information requirements for conventional building projects.

Based on a simplified selection of COBie information fields, the Excel workbook supports the identification, organisation and collection of asset information for building operation and maintenance. It can assist clients in defining information requirements and communicating these to project delivery teams.

The workbook is particularly suited to organisations beginning their digital asset management journey. It is intended as an adaptable guidance resource rather than a comprehensive asset management solution. More complex buildings and critical infrastructure may …

Urbanization Trends In Asean: The Impact Of Key Sosioeconomics Factors, Rifki Khoirudin, Muhammad Safar Nasir

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan

This study aims to analyze the influence of agricultural land, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, Gini index, environmental quality index, and foreign direct investment (FDI) on urbanization in seven ASEAN countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam during the period 2014–2023. Urbanization in this region is an important phenomenon in the process of economic development, but also poses significant ecological and social challenges. This study uses a quantitative approach with panel data types (time series and cross section). The data are processed with the panel data regression analysis method, and the selection of the best model based …

Sovereign Immunity After Galette V. New Jersey Transit Corporation: A Chance To Protect All Higher Education Students From Fraudulent, Unfair, And Deceptive Practices, Chris Bryant, Daniel A. Zibel

Fordham Law Review Online

In recent years, increasing financial pressures on colleges and universities have driven many institutions to focus heavily on strategies to increase institutional revenue. Although strategies vary, many institutions have undertaken partnerships with private companies. Some institutions have adopted recruitment and enrollment tactics traditionally associated with for profit colleges, while others have simply acquired for-profit colleges.

The increased focus on revenue maximization by public and nonprofit institutions is not without risk to students. But in many places, the law creates a dichotomy: when students at public institutions fall victim to unfair or deceptive practices from those schools, they generally have fewer …

Physicochemical, Antioxidant, And Antimicrobial Properties Of Pasteurized Buffalo Milk Fortified With Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) Extract, Rikes Taruk Allo, Irma Isnafia Arief, Cahyo Budiman, Dicky Tri Utama, Irfan Dwidya Prijambada, Muhammad Saifur Rohman

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extract fortification on the physicochemical properties, nutritional composition, and functional activities of pasteurized buffalo milk. The study employed a 2 × 2 factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three technical replicates. The treatment factors were buffalo milk type (River and Toraja Belang) and roselle extract concentration (0% and 5%, v/v). Fortification with 5% roselle extract decreased the pH to 5.60 ± 0.07 and 5.51 ± 0.06 and the viscosity to 2.76 ± 0.75 and 2.42 ± 0.41 mPa·s, respectively, but did not affect water activity. River buffalo …

In Vitro Fermentability And Digestibility Of Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon Nardus) Waste Steamed And Fermented Using Different Species Of White-Rot Fungi, Muhammad Hamzah, Sitti Wajizah, Indra Wahyudi, Samadi

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

Waste from citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) distillation has potential as an alternative ruminant feed, but its utilization is limited by its high lignocellulosic content, which reduces digestibility. This study evaluated the effect of fermentation using different white-rot fungi (WRF) species on the in vitro fermentability and digestibility of citronella grass waste. A Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and four replicates was used: an uninoculated control, fermentation with Trametes versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Lentinula edodes, and a T. versicolor plus P. chrysosporium consortium. The observed parameters included dry matter and organic matter digestibility, pH, ammonia (NH …

Strategic Value Chain Analysis Of Baiada Poultry: Enhancing The Industrial Value Of Ross Breeders In South Australia, Hammam Abdullah, Eudia Christina Wulandari, Zakaria Husein Abdurrahman

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The Australian poultry industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by rising protein demand and stringent standards for animal welfare and biosecurity. As a market leader, Baiada Poultry plays a pivotal role in the upstream Ross breeder sector in South Australia. This study evaluates Baiada’s strategic positioning and operational efficiency to identify how vertical integration and value chain optimization enhance industrial value. Using a descriptive qualitative case study approach, this research utilizes Value Chain Analysis (VCA) and SWOT analysis. Data were gathered through field observations at South Australian breeder facilities, in-depth interviews with management, and comprehensive documentation of biosecurity protocols. …

A Correlational Study Of Work Stress And Marital Stability Among Married Female Police Personnel In Kwara State, Nigeria, Haruna Ibrahim

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

This study investigated the relationship between job stress and marital stability among married female police personnel in Kwara State, Nigeria. A Descriptive Research Design of correlational type was adopted. The sample size (Target Population) of the study comprised all the 112 married female police personnel in Kwara State, Nigeria. Based on the relatively small sample size, population census (Total enumeration) was adopted for this study, where all the married female police personnel were sampled. The Operational Police Stress Questionnaire and Dyadic Adjustment Scale were used for data collection. Findings revealed a significant correlation between the independent variables and the dependent …

Comparative Case Study Of Production Efficiency, Financial Performance, And Business Risk In Laying Hen Farms With Different Housing Systems And Management Conditions, Aliffa Mahayu Swastiratu, Fanny Widadie, Darsono

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Universitas Padjadjaran

The laying hen sector continues to expand in response to increasing demand for animal protein; however, productivity remains sensitive to environmental conditions, particularly temperature fluctuations that affect production stability. The housing system represents a key management factor influencing farm performance. This study aims to compare production efficiency, financial performance, and business risk between closed-house and open-house laying hen systems. A comparative case study approach was applied to two commercial farms in Bayat District, Klaten Regency, representing each housing system. Data were analyzed using feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality rate for production efficiency, cost–revenue analysis, R/C ratio, and return on …

Optimizing Multi-Layer/Multi-Physics Passive Adaptive Thermal Enclosures For Climate-Responsive Energy Regulation: A Numerical Study, Rajae Bousselham, Mingjiang Tao, Sergio Granados-Focil, Adriana Hera, Steven Van Dessel

Chemistry

Adaptive facades regulate heat transfer by adjusting their thermal behavior in response to environmental conditions. Passive adaptive systems, including stimuli-responsive thermal storage materials, tunable radiative coatings, and variable-conductivity layers, offer significant potential for material-based thermal regulation. However, their combined potential remains unexplored, as most studies examine individual mechanisms in isolation. As a result, trade-offs among energy savings, material usage, design complexity, and climate responsiveness are often underrepresented, overlooking coupled interactions in multilayer assemblies limiting their effectiveness. This study develops a transient three-dimensional numerical framework coupling heat transfer with multi-objective optimization to evaluate trade-offs between minimizing annual energy consumption and enclosure …

Prototyping Pinhole Collimators For Imaging Irradiated Nuclear Fuel, Narrie Loftus, Ashish Avachat, Joseph T. Graham, Ryan Fronk, Jordan Fox, Rachel Shaffer, Seth Kilby

Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Collimator design and fabrication is a costly and time-consuming process that does not lend itself to simplified testing. This manuscript presents an approach for the rapid prototyping of sub-millimeter pinhole collimators for nuclear fuel applications using low-melting-point, high-mass-density materials. Multiple collimators were fabricated to test collimator parameters and properties, including acceptance angle, aperture diameter, and magnification. The fabricated collimators were paired with a position-sensitive CdZnTe detector to determine the detector response convolved with the collimator. Preliminary analysis using these collimators showed that they were effective in collimating multi-energy gamma laboratory sources. Radiography was performed to confirm magnification and determine coarse …

Glomalin-Related Soil Protein In Colluvial Soils As A Proxy For Reconstructing Millenary Changes In Landscape And Soil Health, Axel Werner, Lourdes López-Merino, Joeri Kaal, Cruz Ferro-Vázquez, Oscar Serrano

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) is an operationally defined soil organic matter pool that includes a heat shock protein linked to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) living in symbiosis with most vascular plants and plays a key role in soil health. However, the potential of GRSP as a palaeoecological proxy remains unexplored. We analysed the GRSP content in a North-western Iberian colluvial soil profile encompassing the last 14,000 years. We aimed to 1) identify whether GRSP is preserved, and 2) investigate whether GRSP could be used as a palaeoecological proxy after comparing its record with palynological and pedoanthracological records that account for …

Defense-To-Attack: Bypassing Weak Defenses Enables Stronger Jailbreaks In Vision-Language Models, Yunhan Zhao, Xiang Zheng, Yige Li, Xingjun Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Despite their superb capabilities, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been shown to be vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. While recent jailbreaks have achieved notable progress, their effectiveness and efficiency can still be improved. In this work, we reveal an interesting phenomenon: incorporating weak defense cues into the attack pipeline can significantly enhance both the effectiveness and efficiency of jailbreaks on VLMs. Building on this insight, we propose Defense2Attack, a novel jailbreak method that bypasses the safety guardrails of VLMs by leveraging defensive patterns to guide jailbreak prompt construction. Specifically, Defense2Attack consists of three key components: (1) a visual optimizer that embeds universal …