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Studying The Effect Of Un Coated And Multilayer Coated Tools On Cutting Temperature In Turning Operation, Farhan Challab, Maan Tawfiq, Salah Jawad Mar 2026

Studying The Effect Of Un Coated And Multilayer Coated Tools On Cutting Temperature In Turning Operation, Farhan Challab, Maan Tawfiq, Salah Jawad

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present work studies three variables (cutting velocity, feed rate, and cut depth) on hard turning cutting temperature of uncoated and multilayer-coated carbide (TiN, TiN/TiCN, TiN /Al2O3/ TiCN) inserts are used in AISI 1045 alloy steel. The tool's temperature was measured simultaneously, measuring the temperature of the tool-chip interface using infrared radiation (IR) pyrometer in this investigation.  This study investigated the performance of four distinct coated and uncoated PVD and CVD tools during turning operations. Four cutting speeds (56, 88, 112, 141) m/min, four feed rates (0.065, 0.08, 0.16, 0.228) mm/rev.,  in the experiments, a constant cutting depth of (1) …

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Synthesis Zno Heterostructured Nanophotocatalyst Simulated Solar Light Irradiation For Removal Contaminate Carbamazepine In Aqueous Solution, Eman Rdewi, Ahmed Abdulkadhim Al-Ghaban, Khalid Abbas Mar 2026

Synthesis Zno Heterostructured Nanophotocatalyst Simulated Solar Light Irradiation For Removal Contaminate Carbamazepine In Aqueous Solution, Eman Rdewi, Ahmed Abdulkadhim Al-Ghaban, Khalid Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) were produced in aqueous media to photodegrade harmful carbamazepine compounds (CBZ) in aqueous solution under simulated solar-light using the sol-gel technique with zinc chloride and NaOH as precursors. X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS) were used to analyze the ZnO NPs powder. According to the XRD results, ZnO nanoparticles showed a hexagonal symmetry shape with 13 nm particle size value. The absorption bands of ZnO nanoparticles were identified using FT-IR spectra peaking. The ZnO nanoparticles produced in this work are spherical, …

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Improvement Of Metal Forging Processes By Stresses And Temperatures Analysis, Adnan Mohammeda, Ibrahim Ahmed, Munir Allow Mar 2026

Improvement Of Metal Forging Processes By Stresses And Temperatures Analysis, Adnan Mohammeda, Ibrahim Ahmed, Munir Allow

Engineering and Technology Journal

The mechanical components are produced by various fabrication methods, although forged products have excellent mechanical characteristics at a minimal cost. The stress and temperature analysis process in the closed die hot forging contributed to finding failure regions in these dies through simulations in the FE program. This enables the process to be improved and reduced time and mineral losses. A simplified model was used to represent the forming process, with a temperature of (1150-950 °C) was simulated using MSC Simufact software. The forge fastener head product is formed with a horizontal mechanical press of 800 tones. In this research, the …

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Preparation Of Cuo/Zno Nano-Particles Using Sol-Gel Technique And Studying The Characterization, Doaa Yassen, Farhad Othman, Alaa Abdul Hamead Mar 2026

Preparation Of Cuo/Zno Nano-Particles Using Sol-Gel Technique And Studying The Characterization, Doaa Yassen, Farhad Othman, Alaa Abdul Hamead

Engineering and Technology Journal

Copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) are two of the most promising oxides under development right now. The sol-gel technique was used to make Nano composite particles NCPs of ZnO-CuO. The copper (II) nitrate rehydrate 0.1M and zinc nitrate hex hydrate 0.1M liquids were mixed in a 1:1 ratio, and the gel was formed at 80 °C, then dried and calcined for various times 500 °C (3, 5, and 7 hours). Particle size analyzer (PZA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and apparent density were used to characterize the CuO/MgO particles. The x-ray diffraction results showed …

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Effect Of Voltage On Electrode Wear Rate (Ewr) In The Electrical Discharge Machining (Edm) For Stainless Steel Aisi 444, Shukry Aghdeab, Anwer Abdulnabi Mar 2026

Effect Of Voltage On Electrode Wear Rate (Ewr) In The Electrical Discharge Machining (Edm) For Stainless Steel Aisi 444, Shukry Aghdeab, Anwer Abdulnabi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrical Discharge Machining process (EDM) is a nontraditional metal removal technique that uses thermal energy to erode the workpiece without generating any physical forces of cutting between the tool and the machining part. It is used to cutting of hard and electrical conductivity materials and product intricate shapes of products. The aim of this work is to study the effect of changing voltage values on electrode wear rate (EWR). The machining parameters includes voltage (V), peak current (Ip), pulse duration (Ton) and finally, pulse interval (Toff). The results show that the EWR was increase with rising in voltage, peak current …

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Properties Of Welded Copper Tubes Fabricated Via Friction Crush Welding, Abdul Jabbar Jomah, Akeel Subhi, Fadhil A. Hashim Mar 2026

Properties Of Welded Copper Tubes Fabricated Via Friction Crush Welding, Abdul Jabbar Jomah, Akeel Subhi, Fadhil A. Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The welding process is one of the fabrication processes in which tubes can be performed for structural purposes and transport liquids or gases. This study is focused on the manufacturing, characterization, and evaluation of mechanical properties of welded tubes made from oxygen-free copper (C1020) sheets using friction crush welding. The welded tubes were produced using different tool rotation speeds (1500, 1600, and 1700 rpm) and feed rates (130, 140, and 150 mm/min). The flanged edge height of 2.5 mm and 0.5 mm gap between the ends of the copper sheet was used. All examinations on welded tubes were achieved using …

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Structural Characterization Of (Mg(1-X)Pbxo)-Nps By Modified Pechini Method, Israa Najem, Fadhil Abd Rasin, Shaker Edrees Mar 2026

Structural Characterization Of (Mg(1-X)Pbxo)-Nps By Modified Pechini Method, Israa Najem, Fadhil Abd Rasin, Shaker Edrees

Engineering and Technology Journal

The structural characterization was discussed in the present paper of the pure MgO nanoparticles and the doped (Mg(1-x)pbxO) nanoparticles specimens, where (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.03). The modified Pechini method was used to prepare all the specimens. From (DTA), the convenient temperature of decomposition from Mg(OH)2 to MgO was above 375°C. The structure investigation (XRD) revealed that all the specimens have identical space groups and index well to cubic structures. The obtained crystallite size by Scherrer''s equation was increased with increasing the fraction of doping except for (Mg0.97Pb0.03O) due to the formation of PbO oxide. The molecular vibration by FTIR …

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Mechanical Performance Of Blended Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete With Ggbs And Metakaolin, Ali Ali, Tareq Al-Attar, Waleed A. Abbas Mar 2026

Mechanical Performance Of Blended Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete With Ggbs And Metakaolin, Ali Ali, Tareq Al-Attar, Waleed A. Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

One of the most user-friendly alternatives to ordinary concrete is geopolymer concrete(GPC), which achieves the same result. GPC is a unique substance made by activating source materials with a high concentration of silica and alumina. As a result, geopolymer binders use less raw resources and emit less carbon dioxide. For these reasons, most academics are focusing on these sorts of resins to develop eco-friendly housing. This article reports on an experimental investigation that examined the Mechanical Performance of Blended Fly Ash based Geopolymer concrete at 7,28 and 360 days made with two different activator solution molarities and varying R (SiO2/Al2O3) …

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Effect Of Domestic Dry Sewage Sludge On Concrete Compressive Strength, Alaa Al-Obaidi, Riyad Al-Anbari, Maan Hassan Mar 2026

Effect Of Domestic Dry Sewage Sludge On Concrete Compressive Strength, Alaa Al-Obaidi, Riyad Al-Anbari, Maan Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

The possibility of saving and sustaining natural materials by reusing waste is one of the most important goals researchers seek to achieve and prove its effectiveness and positive impact on the environment. In this study, domestic wastewater sludge was utilized in concrete production as partial cement changing with different ratios (0, 5, 10, and 15) % with dry sludge. The study showed that the compressive strength test showed that the partial replacement of cement by dry sludge caused reduction increased directly with the increase of sludge ratio compared with concrete reference specimens. The study found that dry sludge can be …

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The Effect Of Scrap Tires Recycled Steel Fibers On Some Hardened Properties Of Green Scc, Nadeem Salam, Wasan Khalil Mar 2026

The Effect Of Scrap Tires Recycled Steel Fibers On Some Hardened Properties Of Green Scc, Nadeem Salam, Wasan Khalil

Engineering and Technology Journal

The purpose of this study is to investigate some hardened properties of green self-compacting concrete (GSCC) with 15% volumetric replacements of crushed clay brick waste as coarse aggregate and reinforced with scrap tires recycled steel fibers (STRSF) with 0, 0.25, 0.5and 0.75%volume fraction and 40 as an aspect ratio. Also, a combination of two STRSF aspect ratios of 40 and 60 was used in GSCC as hybrid fiber reinforcement (0.25 and 0.25%, 0.5 and 0.25%, 0.25 and 0.5% of aspect ratios 40 and 65, respectively). Scrap tires recycled steel fibers had been used to improve the properties of the green …

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Investigation Of The Bearing Capacity And Collapsibility Of Gypseous Soil Using Geotextile Reinforcement, Qasim Al-Obaidi, Makki Mohsen, Ayad Asker Mar 2026

Investigation Of The Bearing Capacity And Collapsibility Of Gypseous Soil Using Geotextile Reinforcement, Qasim Al-Obaidi, Makki Mohsen, Ayad Asker

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to increase the bearing capacity of the soil by using geosynthetics in a single, double, or triple distribution pattern. The gypseous soil samples were brought from a site near Sawa Lake in Al-Muthanna Governorate with a gypsum content of about (37%), the Soil-Model apparatus of dimensions (60 × 60 × 50) cm with the proposed square footing of dimensions (10 × 10) cm are used in the experimental program of this study. To achieve this goal, a series of (48) different model tests were used on gypseous soil subjected to vertical stress in both dry and wet …

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Effect Of Partial Saturation On Ultimate Bearing Capacity Of Skirted Foundations, Mahmood Mahmood, Saad Al-Wakel, Muthana Mohammed Mar 2026

Effect Of Partial Saturation On Ultimate Bearing Capacity Of Skirted Foundations, Mahmood Mahmood, Saad Al-Wakel, Muthana Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Skirted foundations are one of the solutions proposed to increase the bearing capacity of the soil. They assist in increasing the load and depth of failure in weak ground or soils with low shear resistance and reducing the foundation settlement if a soil improvement method cannot be applied or the cost of implementing deep foundations increases. This study examined and investigated the extent of soil bearing of skirted foundations on sandy soils and studied the effect of soil saturation cases and three cases of water content reduction to measure the matric suction value of unsaturated soil. A physical model was …

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Swot-Based Assessment Of The Maintenance Management Of The Wastewater Treatment Plants In Iraq, Reem Al-Attar, Faris Al-Ani, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji Mar 2026

Swot-Based Assessment Of The Maintenance Management Of The Wastewater Treatment Plants In Iraq, Reem Al-Attar, Faris Al-Ani, Mahmoud Al-Khafaji

Engineering and Technology Journal

In Iraq, due to WWTPs being old and outdated, an evaluation of the maintenance management is needed to highlight the points of weaknesses and strengths of the plants. In this paper, the strength, weakness, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis model is designed with the Delphi Technique and Liker-scale and applied to the old Rustumiya project in Iraq (ORP). The design and application of this model are based on the design, operation and maintenance drawings and reports, and field visits to the ORP. In addition, three rounds of the questionnaire were sent to more than 80 experts varied in qualification and …

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Push–Out Test Of Timber Concrete Composite Construction, Ihab Saleh, Nabeel Jasim, Anis Mohhamed Ali Mar 2026

Push–Out Test Of Timber Concrete Composite Construction, Ihab Saleh, Nabeel Jasim, Anis Mohhamed Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, push – out test specimen is proposed to explore the behavior of shear connectors in timber–concrete composite beams. Since there are no standard shapes and dimensions for determining the strength of connectors, push–out specimens such as those used for steel-concrete composite beams are suggested to study the behavior of connectors in timber concrete composite beams. Four specimens are tested. Two of these specimens are with one connector per side. The other two are with two connectors per side. The load and slip are recorded during testing. The results show that the ultimate load per connector ranges from …

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Monitoring Soil Degradation In The Mesopotamian Plain Using Gis And Remote Sensing Techniques, Abdulrazak Ziboon, Muthanna Albayati, Fadhaa Dalhel Mar 2026

Monitoring Soil Degradation In The Mesopotamian Plain Using Gis And Remote Sensing Techniques, Abdulrazak Ziboon, Muthanna Albayati, Fadhaa Dalhel

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the present work , various remote sensing techniques have been used to investigate soil degradation in Iraq (The Mesopotamian plain) for the period (1976 - 2021) using different research and data like satellite image such as (Landsat 1-5 MSS 1976 , Landsat 4-5 TM C1 Level-1 1996, Landsat 8 2016 and sentinel-2 2021 ) , using different Program and software (ENVI 5.3 which extract data from image satellite by using TCT , EMI and NDVI indicators , Eras image 2015 use to subset area of interest ,layer stack and merge resolution , Arc GIS 10.7 use to make database …

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3d Numerical Modeling Of Soft Soil Improved By Rigid Inclusions Supported An Embankment, Messioud Salah, Neghmouche Yassamina Mar 2026

3d Numerical Modeling Of Soft Soil Improved By Rigid Inclusions Supported An Embankment, Messioud Salah, Neghmouche Yassamina

Engineering and Technology Journal

Abstract A three-dimensional finite element model suggested to determine the settlements and stresses of an embankment placed on soft soil reinforced by rigid inclusions. To make it simple the layers of soil and the embankment are supposed to be horizontal in a semi-infinite medium and the base of the soft soil is supposed to be rigid (bedrock). The interacting elements of the model are supposed to be elastic. The determination of the behavior of the soil-inclusions-embankment system was realized according to the construction phases of the embankment layers. The settlements and stresses were calculated according to construction phases of the …

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Development Of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (Idf) Models For Manually Operated Rain Gauge Catchment: A Case Study Of Port Harcourt Metropolis Using 50years Rainfall Data, Francis Ogbozige Mar 2026

Development Of Intensity-Duration-Frequency (Idf) Models For Manually Operated Rain Gauge Catchment: A Case Study Of Port Harcourt Metropolis Using 50years Rainfall Data, Francis Ogbozige

Engineering and Technology Journal

Hydraulic structures such as surface drainages and culverts are usually constructed in urban areas with the intention of draining runoff into nearby streams and rivers in order to avoid flooding. However, most of these structures frequently fail to serve the intended use due to the occurrence of high intensity rainfall accompanied with long duration, which produce runoff discharge higher than their designed capacities. This is common in many developing countries as drainages and culverts are most times constructed without considering hydrological analysis of the catchment. Hence, this research considered Port Harcourt city as a case study by utilizing 50years rainfall …

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Building An Efficient System To Detect Computer Worms In Websites Based On Ensemble Ada Boosting And Svm Classifiers Algorithms, Ali Hilool, Soukaena Hashem, Shatha Jafer Mar 2026

Building An Efficient System To Detect Computer Worms In Websites Based On Ensemble Ada Boosting And Svm Classifiers Algorithms, Ali Hilool, Soukaena Hashem, Shatha Jafer

Engineering and Technology Journal

Computer worms perform harmful tasks in network systems due to their rapid spread, which leads to harmful consequences on system security. However, existing worm detection algorithms are still suffered a lot to achieve good performance. The reasons for that are: First, a large number of irrelevant data impacts classification accuracy (irrelevant feature gives estimator new ways to go wrong without any expected benefit also can cause overfitting, which will generally lead to decreased accuracy). Second, the individual classifiers used extensively in the systems do not effectively detect all types of worms. Third, many systems are built based on old datasets, …

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The Effect Of Sputtering Time And Substrate Type On The Structure Of Zinc Nanoparticles Prepared By The Dc Sputtering Technique, Iman Hadi, Muslim Jawad, Khaleel Hassoon Mar 2026

The Effect Of Sputtering Time And Substrate Type On The Structure Of Zinc Nanoparticles Prepared By The Dc Sputtering Technique, Iman Hadi, Muslim Jawad, Khaleel Hassoon

Engineering and Technology Journal

Zn thin films have been successfully deposited on two different substrates, FTO and p-type Si (111), with thickness (112, 186) nm at (1 and 8) min, respectively, via DC sputtering technique in this work. Structural properties of the prepared thin films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). XRD results showed that the samples have a hexagonal wurtzite structure. From the results of FESEM images, all the samples showed a uniform distribution of granular surface shape morphology. The grain sizes of the Zn thin films were estimated based on measured X-ray diffraction patterns. Zn thin …

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A Proposed Wot System For Diagnosing The Infection Of Coronavirus (Covid-19), Dalal Thair, Akbas Ali Mar 2026

A Proposed Wot System For Diagnosing The Infection Of Coronavirus (Covid-19), Dalal Thair, Akbas Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Coronavirus is one of the viruses that have broadly affected humans and the health system in general. The problem is that there is no treatment for the virus yet, and the virus spreads very quickly through coughing or touching. Therefore, patients infected with this virus must be isolated in their homes or designated care places. Therefore, the research aims to find appropriate methods to diagnose people with the virus remotely to avoid "mixing and trying to determine the virus's focus spread by presenting a new framework for e-health to identify Coronavirus patients. Since the web of things (WoT) is helpful …

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Rod-Like Nano-Structures Of Copper Oxide Prepared By Chemical Bath Deposition, Zainab Sadiq, Mustafa Hassan, Khaleel Hassoon Mar 2026

Rod-Like Nano-Structures Of Copper Oxide Prepared By Chemical Bath Deposition, Zainab Sadiq, Mustafa Hassan, Khaleel Hassoon

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, we reported that the annealing at temperatures of 400  and 500 oC in the air for 2 hours led to the formation of rod-like structures of cupric oxide thin films prepared by the chemical bath deposition technique. The structure and the optical properties of the prepared thin films were studied to investigate the role of annealing on the films. The morphology of the as-deposited CuO films is almost structureless. However, the films are converted to rod-like shapes nano-structures after annealing, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.  The x-ray analysis showed that the thin films of copper oxide …

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Synthesis Of Porous Silicon By Electrochemical Etching For Gas Sensor Application, Duha Jwied, Uday Nayef, Falah Mutlak Mar 2026

Synthesis Of Porous Silicon By Electrochemical Etching For Gas Sensor Application, Duha Jwied, Uday Nayef, Falah Mutlak

Engineering and Technology Journal

In the present study, the layers of porous Silicon (PS) have been produced from the p-type Silicon with a (100) orientation using the approach of electrochemical etching. The samples were anodized in a solution of HF concentration 18% and 99% C2H2OH. Samples characteristics of PS were studied by etching time constant (15 min). In addition, the alteration of the current density value into (5, 10,15,20, and 25) mA/ cm2 was also studied. Samples were characterized by nanocrystalline porous Silicon via X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The AFM (Atomic force microscope) analysis of PS shows the sponge-like structure. Also, a 39.76 nm average …

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The Use Of Inexpensive Sorbents To Remove Dyes From Wastewater - A Review, Firas Ahmed, Adnan Abdul Razak, May Muslim Mar 2026

The Use Of Inexpensive Sorbents To Remove Dyes From Wastewater - A Review, Firas Ahmed, Adnan Abdul Razak, May Muslim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Dyes are utilized in various industrial applications, and some businesses' effluents include hazardous dyes. Humans, aquatic creatures, and the environment are all harmed by dyes. As a result, adequately treated dyes that manage wastewater must be before being discharged into nearby bodies of water. Adsorption has proven to be high and cost-effective in removing dyes from wastewater. The sorbent material for dye removal from industrial effluent is activated carbon, but its high cost limits massive-scale utilization. The use of cost-effective adsorbents for wastewater discharge dye elimination is discussed and analyzed in this paper. This review underlines and displays a preview …

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Air-Lift Reactor's Characterization Via Computational Fluid Dynamic (Cfd): Review, Marwa Jasim, Thamer Mohammed, Laith Sabri Mar 2026

Air-Lift Reactor's Characterization Via Computational Fluid Dynamic (Cfd): Review, Marwa Jasim, Thamer Mohammed, Laith Sabri

Engineering and Technology Journal

Airlift reactors are seen as the most promising reactor for many valuable productions such as algae culturing. However, this kind of reactor still needs more information and data to understand its phenomena due to limited studies. Also, to reduce the time and offers obtained with sufficient reactor design, capable of achieving high productivities, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) could play an important role in optimizing the reactor design by analyzing the interaction of hydro-dynamics. This review presents the literature review on the recent CFD work for such a reactor that addressed the fluid dynamics parameters, such as bubble dynamics. Earlier researches …

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Hydrochemical And Environmental Assessment Of Groundwater In Al-Yusufiyah District South-West Baghdad, Iraq, Rafal Abdulrazzaq, Tariq Hussain, Ghufran Jumaah Mar 2026

Hydrochemical And Environmental Assessment Of Groundwater In Al-Yusufiyah District South-West Baghdad, Iraq, Rafal Abdulrazzaq, Tariq Hussain, Ghufran Jumaah

Engineering and Technology Journal

Groundwater in Yusufiyah  represents the main water source for drinking and irrigation purposes in the dry season, so this research was conducted to assess and evaluate the hydrochemistry of groundwater in this area. (15) wells were selected for sampling in this area with depth ranges between 10-20 meters. , Groundwater generally flows from east to west and from northeast to southwest.Physical parameters for water samples were measured included temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and total dissolved solids (TDS),where the chemical parameters included major cations (Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+2, and K+) and major anions (NO3-1, SO4-2,Cl-, and HCO3-).  The results indicated that …

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Investigation Of Carboxymethyl Cellulose And Barite Additives On The Corrosion Characteristics Of Water-Based Drilling Mud, Rana Azeez, Najem Alrubaiey, Mohamed Gazi Mar 2026

Investigation Of Carboxymethyl Cellulose And Barite Additives On The Corrosion Characteristics Of Water-Based Drilling Mud, Rana Azeez, Najem Alrubaiey, Mohamed Gazi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Drilling fluids can be considered complex liquids containing several desired materials. These materials (small additives) are specialty products that serve a specific need, such as controlling the rheological properties of the drilling fluid and reducing corrosion for operational drilling of both oil and gas wells. Additives used to resist corrosion are called corrosion inhibitors. Previous research has shown that polymers such as Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) have high characteristics of corrosion inhabitation in an aggressive environment.  In this study, the effect of adding two samples of additives, CMC and Barite, on the corrosion of carbon steel in Iraqi bentonite water base …

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A Review Of The Natural Gas Purification From Acid Gases By Membrane, Dheyaa Jasim, Thamer Mohammed, Mohammad Abid Mar 2026

A Review Of The Natural Gas Purification From Acid Gases By Membrane, Dheyaa Jasim, Thamer Mohammed, Mohammad Abid

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to shed light on natural gas as an important and promising energy source. This energy source is the fastest-growing source in the world due to the increasing global demand. In this paper, the rates of growth in global demand for natural gas according to the latest reports since 1984, as well as the gas specifications required for transport and storage, acid gases, including absorption, desorption, Cryogenic and separation by membranes, are discussed with the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Focusing are presented. In addition to the primary treatment processes that take place on the gas, the …

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Best Conditions For Extraction And Stripping Of Iron From Chloridic Aqueous Medium, Mazin Beden, Wadood Mohammed, Salah Nema Mar 2026

Best Conditions For Extraction And Stripping Of Iron From Chloridic Aqueous Medium, Mazin Beden, Wadood Mohammed, Salah Nema

Engineering and Technology Journal

Pure iron is used as an additive for food and drugs to provide the human body with an important element which is iron. For this purpose, iron should be pure and in powder form, the extraction process can supply this type of iron. In this study, extraction of iron from an aqueous solution was done by cyclohexanone as an extractant. The parameters of extraction and stripping processes were studied and assessed the best values which give a high yield of separated iron from ore or any source of iron. For the preliminary study, three general parameters were studied and the …

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Physical Properties Of Pure Gold Nanoparticles And Gold Doped Zno Nanoparticles Using Laser Ablation In Liquid For Sensor Applications, Nabaa Hassan, Makram Fakhri, Evan Salim Mar 2026

Physical Properties Of Pure Gold Nanoparticles And Gold Doped Zno Nanoparticles Using Laser Ablation In Liquid For Sensor Applications, Nabaa Hassan, Makram Fakhri, Evan Salim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, the effect of using laser ablation of pure gold targets to obtain gold Nano rods and for pure zinc targets to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles was studied separately in ethanol using an Nd:YAG laser tattoo removal (nanosecond pulses) and then mixing the resulting mixtures to obtain gold dopant with zinc oxide. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), (XRD) X-Ray Diffraction and the optical properties were used to characterize the pure gold Nano rods, ZnO nanoparticles, and Au doped ZnO nanoparticles. Based on XRD and TEM, the results revealed the properties of the produced gold Nano roads. The obtained results …

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Numerical Simulation Of The Self-Imaging At Different Cascaded Optical Fiber Specifications, Shahad Younus, Anwaar A Al-Dergazly, Abdulla Abass Mar 2026

Numerical Simulation Of The Self-Imaging At Different Cascaded Optical Fiber Specifications, Shahad Younus, Anwaar A Al-Dergazly, Abdulla Abass

Engineering and Technology Journal

Cascaded optical fiber single mode-no core-single mode fiber (SNS) attracted attention for being the base of various photonic devices. These devices are used in optical communication, fiber sensors, and fiber laser technology. The effect of variable NCF specifications, length, diameter, external refractive index (ERI), propagating wavelength on the self-imaging position, and the multimode interference (MMI) is studied. The study aims to simulate and analyze cascaded optical fiber by using the finite element beam envelope method (BEM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that studied the self-imaging in cascaded optical fiber longitudinally by using BEM. The …

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