Digital Commons Network^™

The Bioaccumulation Testing Strategy For Nanomaterials: Correlations With Particle Properties And A Meta-Analysis Of In Vitro Fish Alternatives To In Vivo Fish Tests, R. D. Handy, N. J. Clark, D. Boyle, J. Vassallo, C. Green, F. Nasser, T. L. Botha, V. Wepener, Den Brink Nw Van, C. Svendsen

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

This meta-analysis identifies linkages between the tiers in the bioaccumulation testing strategy.

Sex-Specific Aging In Animals: Perspective And Future Directions, Anne M. Bronikowski, Richard P. Meisel, Peggy R. Biga, James R. Walters, Judith E. Mank, Erica Larschan, Gerald S. Wilkinson, Nicole Valenzuela, Ashley Mae Conard, João Pedro De Magalhães, Jingyue (Ellie) Duan, Amy E. Elias, Tony Gamble, Rita M. Graze, Kristin E. Gribble, Jill A. Kreiling, Nicole C. Riddle

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Sex differences in aging occur in many animal species, and they include sex differences in lifespan, in the onset and progression of age-associated decline, and in physiological and molecular markers of aging. Sex differences in aging vary greatly across the animal kingdom. For example, there are species with longer-lived females, species where males live longer, and species lacking sex differences in lifespan. The underlying causes of sex differences in aging remain mostly unknown. Currently, we do not understand the molecular drivers of sex differences in aging, or whether they are related to the accepted hallmarks or pillars of aging or …

Clinical Characteristics Of Peripheral Neuropathy In Kenyan Patients With Hiv Infection Compared With Patients With Concurrent Hiv Infection And Diabetes Mellitus, Pascal Kuka, Jasmit Shah, Uazman Alam, Reena Shah, Dilraj Sokhi

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Introduction: Persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are living longer and at risk of non-communicable diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Both HIV and DM place patients at risk of peripheral neuropathy (PN). Our aim was to demonstrate the prevalence and characteristics of PN in our population of patients with HIV infection compared with concomitant HIV and DM.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed at the Aga Khan Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya. Data were collected on demographics and characteristics of DM and HIV. Symptoms and signs of PN were evaluated by Neuropathy Symptom Score, Neuropathy Disability Score, …

The Effects Of Negative Life Events On Pessimistic Future Outlook: Mediating Effects Of Anxiety And Behavior, Kia Harris

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Missed Opportunities For Family Planning Counselling Among Postpartum Women In Eleven Counties In Kenya, Mary N. Thiongo, Peter B. Gichangi, Michael Waithaka, Amy Tsui, Linnea A. Zimmerman, Scott Radloff, Marleen Temmerman, Saifuddin Ahmed

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Mothers may access medical facilities for their babies and miss opportunities to access family planning (FP) services. This study was undertaken to describe missed opportunities for FP among women within the extended (0–11months) postpartum period from counties participating in Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020) surveys.

Design and setting: This study analysed cross-sectional household survey data from 11 counties in Kenya between 2014 and 2018. PMA2020 uses questions extracted from the Demographic and Health survey (DHS) and DHS defnitions were used. Multivariable logistic regression was used for inferential statistics with p-value of <0.05 considered to be signifcant.

Participants: Women aged 15-49 years …

Eaters, Powerless By Design, Margot J. Pollans

Michigan Law Review

Food law, including traditional food safety regulation, antihunger programs, and food system worker protections, has received increased attention in recent years as a distinct field of study. Bringing together these disparate areas of law under a single lens provides an opportunity to understand the role of law in shaping what we eat (what food is produced and where it is distributed), how much we eat, and how we think about food. The food system is rife with problems— endemic hunger, worker exploitation, massive environmental externalities, and diet-related disease. Looked at in a piecemeal fashion, elements of food law appear responsive …

Craniofacial Fluctuating Asymmetry In Gorillas, Chimpanzees, And Macaques, Ashly N. Romero, D. Rex Mitchell, Siobhán B. Cooke, Claire A. Kirchhoff, Claire E. Terhune

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives

Craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry (FA) refers to the random deviations from symmetry exhibited across the craniofacial complex and can be used as a measure of developmental instability for organisms with bilateral symmetry. This article addresses the lack of data on craniofacial FA in nonhuman primates by analyzing FA magnitude and variation in chimpanzees, gorillas, and macaques. We offer a preliminary investigation into how FA, as a proxy for developmental instability, varies within and among nonhuman primates.

Materials and Methods

We generated 3D surface models of 121 crania from Pan troglodytes troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla gorilla, and Macaca fascicularis fascicularis …

Intervention For A Digital, Cognitive, Multi-Domain Alzheimer Risk Velocity Study: Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Michelle Gray, Erica N. Madero, Joshua L. Gills, Sally Paulson, Megan D. Jones, Anthony Campitelli, Jennifer Myers, Nicolas T. Bott, Jordan M. Glenn

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background:

In the United States, more than 6 million adults live with Alzheimer disease (AD) that affects 1 out of every 3 older adults. Although there is no cure for AD currently, lifestyle-based interventions aimed at slowing the rate of cognitive decline or delaying the onset of AD have shown promising results. However, most studies primarily focus on older adults (>55 years) and use in-person interventions.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a 2-year digital lifestyle intervention on AD risk among at-risk middle-aged and older adults (45-75 years) compared with a health education …

Ces2 Sustains Hnf4Α Expression To Promote Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Progression Through An Epoxide Hydrolase-Dependent Regulatory Loop, Yihui Chen, Michela Capello, Mayrim V Rios Perez, Jody V Vykoukal, David Roife, Ya'an Kang, Laura R Prakash, Hiroyuki Katayama, Ehsan Irajizad, Alia Fleury, Sammy Ferri-Borgogno, Dodge L Baluya, Jennifer B Dennison, Kim-Anh Do, Oliver Fiehn, Anirban Maitra, Huamin Wang, Paul J Chiao, Matthew H G Katz, Jason B Fleming, Samir M Hanash, Johannes F Fahrmann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Intra-tumoral expression of the serine hydrolase carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) contributes to the activation of the pro-drug irinotecan in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Given other potential roles of CES2, we assessed its regulation, downstream effects, and contribution to tumor development in PDAC.

Methods: Association between the mRNA expression of CES2 in pancreatic tumors and overall survival was assessed using The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cell viability, clonogenic, and anchorage-independent growth assays as well as an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC were used to evaluate the biological relevance of CES2 in pancreatic cancer. CES2-driven metabolic changes were determined by untargeted and targeted …

Biob 210n.50: Communicating Biology, Gregory D. Peters

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Nutr 221n.50: Basic Human Nutrition, Maryjeanne Doyle

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Bioh 370.01: Human Anatomy And Physiology For Health Professions Ii, Bret William Tobalske

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Bioh 371.01: Human Anatomy And Physiology For Health Professions Ii Laboratory, Lori J. Mitchell, Lorraine C. Adams, Shae Conner Gurney, Katharine Sue Christanson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Bioh 481.80: Teaching Anatomy And Physiology Ii - Honors, Colin B. Henderson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Bioo 433.01: Plant Physiology, Anna Sala

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Β Cell Function And Plasma Insulin Clearance In People With Obesity And Different Glycemic Status, Bettina Mittendorfer, Bruce W Patterson, Gordon I Smith, Mihoko Yoshino, Samuel Klein

Open Access Publications

BackgroundIt is unclear how excess adiposity and insulin resistance affect β cell function, insulin secretion, and insulin clearance in people with obesity.MethodsWe used a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp procedure and a modified oral glucose tolerance test to evaluate the interrelationships among obesity, insulin sensitivity, insulin kinetics, and glycemic status in 5 groups of individuals: normoglycemic lean and obese individuals with (a) normal fasting glucose and normal glucose tolerance (Ob-NFG-NGT), (b) NFG and impaired glucose tolerance (Ob-NFG-IGT), (c) impaired fasting glucose and IGT (Ob-IFG-IGT), or (d) type 2 diabetes (Ob-T2D).ResultsGlucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), an assessment of β cell function, was greater in the …

Measurement Matters: An Individual Differences Examination Of Family Socioeconomic Factors, Latent Dimensions Of Children's Experiences, And Resting State Functional Brain Connectivity In The Abcd Sample, Meriah L Dejoseph, Max P Herzberg, Robin D Sifre, Daniel Berry, Kathleen M Thomas

Open Access Publications

The variation in experiences between high and low-socioeconomic status contexts are posited to play a crucial role in shaping the developing brain and may explain differences in child outcomes. Yet, examinations of SES and brain development have largely been limited to distal proxies of these experiences (e.g., income comparisons). The current study sought to disentangle the effects of multiple socioeconomic indices and dimensions of more proximal experiences on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in a sample of 7834 youth (aged 9-10 years) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We applied moderated nonlinear factor analysis (MNLFA) to establish measurement invariance …

Promoting Labour Migrant Health Equity Through Action On The Structural Determinants: A Systematic Review, Mireille Evagora-Campbell, Aysha Zahidie, Kent Buse, Fauziah Rabbani, Sarah Hawkes

Community Health Sciences

Background: Labour migrants, who represent over sixty per cent of international migrants globally, frequently have poorer health status than the population of host countries. These health inequities are determined in a large part by structural drivers including political, commercial, economic, normative and social factors, including living and working conditions. Achieving health equity for migrant workers requires structural-level interventions to address these determinants.
Methods: We undertook a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature designed to answer the question "what is the evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to address the structural determinants of health for labour migrants?" using the Ovid Medline electronic …

Missing Perspectives: Black & African Americans In The Military--From Service To Civilian Life (2022), Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University

Institute for Veterans and Military Families

This data brief addresses a critical gap in understanding their experiences, particularly in the transition from the military to civilian life. The information and data in this document are from various sources centered on military life, transition, employment, entrepreneurship, and higher education. Key data points include top motivations for military service, as well as strengths and attributes strengthened by military service.

A Win-Win: Utilizing Human Services Students To Run A Campus Food Pantry, Carly L. Redding, Michallene G. Mcdaniel, Dominique Allen

Journal of Human Services: Training, Research, and Practice

Abstract

Recent studies have examined the growing problem of food insecurity among college students in the United States. In recent reports, as many as 30% of all college students are food insecure (CUFBA, 2020). It is imperative that college campuses address this issue, as many students are forced to leave college without completion in order to address financial concerns (Johnson, 2009). Over the last decade, campus-based food pantries have emerged as one means of addressing growing food insecurity among students. However, colleges and universities are facing budget cutbacks and other funding restrictions, creating greater challenges for meeting the needs of …

Novel Fabrication Of Silver-Coated Copper Nanowires With Organic Compound Solution, Suhyun Lee, Chien Wern, Sung Yi

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Copper nanowires and Cu-Ag nanowires have various potential applications, such as transparent conductive film, flexible electronics, and conductive filler. In this study, we developed a new green fabrication method for silver-coated copper nanowires using methylsulfonylmethane (DMSO2), which is an environmentally friendly chemical at the food-grade level, to replace toxic chemicals, including ammonia, in the silver coating process. Copper nanowires were synthesized under various reaction temperatures and concentrations of hydrazine (N2H4), ethylenediamine (EDA), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and copper precursor. The reaction temperature higher than 70 C caused the oxidation of copper products and evaporation of the sample solution. The optimal conditions …

Theoretical Explanations On The Persistence Of Ethno-Medical Pregnancy Nutrition Interventions And Recommendations For Possible Biomedical Interventions, Roselyter Riang’A

Population Health, East Africa

Background: Ethno-medical maternal health care practices during pregnancy are extensive among women especially in Low and Middle Income Countries. Little is known as to why there is an extensive use and reliance on ethno-medical malnutrition remedies over biomedical care, and that they can stand the test of time, even though some are detrimental to human health or based on scientifically incorrect notions.

Methods: From September 2014 through April 2018, a narrative review rather than a systematic review format was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify and evaluate all associated literature. This review brings …

Rapunzel Syndrome Complicated By Escherichia Coli Sepsis, Bowel Perforation, And Pancreatitis In An 11-Year-Old Malnourished Female, Rhea Daniel, Mary Arbuthnot, Srinivas Ramireddy, Supriya Nair

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The most common presenting symptoms of Rapunzel syndrome include abdominal pain (37%), nausea and vomiting (33.3%), obstruction (25.9%), and peritonitis (18.3%). Less commonly, patients may present with weight loss (7.4%) or intussusception (7.4%). Exceedingly rare complications of Rapunzel syndrome include gastric ulceration, obstructive jaundice, and acute pancreatitis as well as other malabsorptive-related complications including protein-losing enteropathy, iron deficiency, and megaloblastic anemia. This report details the case of an 11-year-old female with Rapunzel syndrome complicated by sepsis, a rare complication reported in only 2% of patients.

Review Of The Invasive Forage Grass, Guinea Grass (Megathyrsus Maximus): Ecology And Potential Impacts In Arid And Semi-Arid Regions, Pushpa Soti, Vanessa Thomas

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Several introduced African grasses are known to present recurring patterns of invasiveness and cause a severe impact on the diversity and functioning of ecosystems worldwide. Megathyrsus maximus (Guinea grass), a forage grass species native to South Africa, is reported to be highly invasive and pose a serious threat to native biodiversity in the introduced range. Despite the severe ecological threats posed by M. maximus worldwide, there is a dearth of information on the ecological and agroecological impact of M. maximus when growing in unintended areas. In this review, we present general information on M. maximus, its distribution and ecological …

Data Management Report February 2022, Tennessee. Department Of Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities

Compliance & System Data/Reports

This monthly report provides data on various aspects of the department's activities and programs.

Optimizing Housing And Service Locations To Provide Mobility To Meet The Mandated Obligations For Former Offenders To Improve Community Health And Safety, Anne Nordberg, Jaya Davis, Stephen Mattingly, Sarah R. Leat, Mansi Patel, Michael Mitchell, Santhosh Medeti, Craig Keaton, Jobaidul Boni, Jhanvi Manishkum, Alireza Fallahi, Sheida Khademi

TREC Final Reports

Roughly 2,000 inmates return to communities each day in the U.S. Unsuccessful reentry jeopardizes community safety, promotes re-incarceration, and increases costs to taxpayers to support the criminal justice apparatus. Research indicates that strong networks of support reduce recidivism, but most communities remain ill-equipped to successfully support former offenders. Our community partner, Unlocking DOORS in Dallas, TX, is a reentry brokerage firm that coordinates services including housing, mental and physical health services, job retraining, transportation, and parole or probation obligations. This, like most reentry service providers, assists former offenders navigating a patchwork of logistical hurdles including individual offender obligations, scarce offender …

Salem-Gateway Asset-Based Community Development, Portland State University. Center For Public Interest Design, Sergio Palleroni, Todd Ferry, Kaylyn Berry, Hannah Lopez, Danette Papke, Sean Silverstein

Center for Public Interest Design Projects

The Salem-Gateway project, developed by Community Development Partners (CDP), will address the community’s need for high-quality, affordable housing. The project aspires to support an intergenerational community for all ages (CFAA) and an intercultural community. The project will be a hub for residents and the broader Salem-Gateway community by providing a large community center with robust programming. The abundant green space provides outdoor amenities and recreational opportunities at the heart of the site, echoing a Central Park sentiment to be enjoyed by residents and surrounding neighbors.

As an initiative of the Center for Public Interest Design (CPID), this report aims to …

Evaluation Of Amygdalin (B17) And Cucurbita Pepo (Pumpkin Seed) Activity Against Blastocystis From Diarrheic Patients In Baghdad, Iraq: In Vitro Study, Saba S. Salman, Naksheen M. Ardalan

Baghdad Science Journal

Blastocystis is a ubiquitous human and animal protozoa that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Metronidazole is considered the standard drug for the treatment of Blastocystis infection; however, there is growing evidence of treatment failure, hazardous side effects, and appearance of strains resistant to metronidazole. In the last era, many studies have been implicated in the quest for new treatments for Blastocystis infection, especially natural products. Attention has been focused on the effect of Amygdalin (B17) and pumpkin seed on eradicating parasitic infections. The current work was built up to explore the in vitro efficacy of two natural compounds, Amygdalin (B17) and …

Ghrelin And Leptin And Their Relations With Insulin Resistance In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients, Chinar Hameed Sadiq, Ridha Hassan Hussein, Ismail Mustafa Maulood

Baghdad Science Journal

Ghrelin and leptin are hunger hormones related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the pathogenesis of T2DM is the abnormality in insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR). The aim of this study is to evaluate ghrelin and leptin concentrations in blood and to specify the relationship of these hormones as dependent variables with some biochemical and clinical measurements in T2DM patients. In this study, forty one T2DM and forty three non-diabetes mellitus (non-DM) subjects, aged between 40-60 years and with normal weight, were enrolled. Fasting serum ghrelin and leptin were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In our results …

A Narrative Review Of The Evidence For Variations In Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Thresholds For Optimal Health, William B. Grant, Fatme Al Anouti, Barbara J. Boucher, Erdinç Dursun, Duygu Gezen-Ak, Edward B. Jude, Tatiana Karonova, Pawel Pludowski

All Works

Vitamin D3 has many important health benefits. Unfortunately, these benefits are not widely known among health care personnel and the general public. As a result, most of the world’s population has serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations far below optimal values. This narrative review examines the evidence for the major causes of death including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and COVID-19 with regard to sub-optimal 25(OH)D concentrations. Evidence for the beneficial effects comes from a variety of approaches including ecological and observational studies, studies of mechanisms, and Mendelian randomization studies. Although randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are generally considered …