Digital Commons Network^™

A Global Faostat Reference Database Of Cropland Nutrient Budgets And Nutrient Use Efficiency (1961–2020): Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium, Cameron I. Ludemann, Nathan Wanner, Pauline Chivenge, Achim Dobermann, Rasmus Einarsson, Patricio Grassini, Armelle Gruere, Kevin Jackson, Luis Lassaletta, Federico Maggi, Griffiths Obli-Laryea, Martin K. Van Ittersum, Srishti Vishwakarma, Xin Zhang, Francesco N. Tubiello

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nutrient budgets help to identify the excess or insufficient use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources in agriculture. They allow for the calculation of indicators, such as the nutrient balance (surplus if positive or deficit if negative) and nutrient use efficiency, that help to monitor agricultural productivity and sustainability across the world. We present a global database of country-level budget estimates for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on cropland. The database, disseminated in FAOSTAT, is meant to provide a global reference, synthesizing and continuously updating the state of the art on this topic. The database covers 205 countries …

Exploring The Ethics Of Human Space Travel: Navigating The Challenges And Implications Of Missions Past, Present, And Future, Emily A. Brettschneider

Honors Theses

This comprehensive exploration delves into the multifaceted landscape of human space travel, spanning physiological challenges, astronaut training, spacecraft manufacturing, ethical considerations, societal influences, and technological frontiers. The study elucidates the physiological impacts of microgravity on astronauts, emphasizing the necessity of personalized interventions and rigorous exercise protocols. Psychological dimensions, including isolation, interpersonal dynamics, and support systems, emerge as critical considerations. Astronaut training is dissected, encompassing physical conditioning, systems proficiency, and cultural competence. The paper delves into spacecraft manufacturing, emphasizing adherence to stringent standards, quality control measures, and the integration of additive manufacturing. Space governance challenges, the role of the private sector, …

Purdue Pharma: Appalachia's Worst Nightmare, Malina C. Gaworski

Honors Theses

This thesis describes the legal implications of Purdue Pharma’s vital role that implicated them in the opioid crisis after their release of the renowned drug, OxyContin. Purdue Pharma released the infamous drug in 1995 and the world of drugs and addiction has never been the same. Thousands of oxycontin-related deaths, pharmacies and medical professionals found liable, and countless lawsuits against the powerful company. This research expands on these lawsuits, the implications of these against Purdue Pharma, and the improvements made in the pharmaceutical company to prevent a disaster such as the opioid crisis from repeating itself.

Unraveling The Impact Of Trap-Neuter-Release (Tnr) Programs On Feral Cat Populations, Emma Koch

Honors Theses

Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) is a humane and effective method for managing outdoor cat populations. The process involves trapping feral or free-roaming cats, sterilizing them, and then returning them to their original location. While sterilization is crucial in curbing population growth, successful TNR programs require more than just the surgical aspect. Vetting is essential for addressing health concerns and ensuring the overall well-being of the cats. Moreover, colony care, including regular feeding and monitoring, is vital for their survival. Outdoor cats, often considered an invasive species, pose a threat to local wildlife and natural habitats. TNR provides a humane and long-lasting solution …

Breaking The Loop: Strategies For Fighting Climate Change On U.S. Farms, Ashley Barry

Honors Capstones

Climate change is an increasingly urgent area of research due to the hardships it causes for lands and communities across the globe. Specifically in regard to the United States (U.S.), climate change has many concerning implications on our agricultural system. Increased weather hazards, decreased crop production, and drought are just a few of the hardships American farmers are facing in their fight to keep their farms alive and feed their communities, despite a rapidly changing climate. This study investigates how farmers can fight and prevent climate change through the use of specific mitigation and adaptation strategies on their farms. Semi- …

Weight Gain And Weight Loss Attempts Among People With Hiv(Pwh) In Louisiana, Lauren Richey, Jonathan Schroeder, Kyle Mistretta, Hui-Yi Lin, Connie Arnold, David Welsh, John Apolzan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Infectious Diseases Week, IDWeek 2023, October 11 - 15, 2023, Boston, MA

Precision Recruitment And Engagement Of Individuals At Risk For Diabetes And Hypertension In Clinical Trials (Predhict): A Randomized Trial For An E-Persuasive Mobile Application To Inform Decision Making About Clinical Trials, Azizi Seixas, Shannique Richards, Jesse Q Moore, Chigozirim Izeogu, Laronda A Hollimon, Peng Jin, Girardin Jean-Louis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The primary objective of this randomized trial was to test the effectiveness of the PREDHiCT digital application, which provides educational and supportive navigation to increase willingness to participate in a future clinical trial. The second objective was to test whether PREDHiCT increased clinical trial literacy or enhanced psychological facilitators of clinical trial participation, such as altruism. To test these two objectives, we conducted a 1-month remote decentralized trial with 100 participants who either have a personal or family history of cardiometabolic health conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Results indicated significant changes in altruism (mean: -2.94 vs. 0.83;

Frailty Index In The Colonias Of The Rio Grande Valley: Health Related Quality Of Life And Resilience, Eron G. Manusov, Vincent P. Diego, Sarah Williams-Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Background: Frailty is characterized by an accumulation of deficits that lead to vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. The Frailty Index (FI) quantifies frailty by measuring deficits that increase susceptibility to stressors. This study focused on a population of Mexican Americans living in vulnerable communities in the Rio Grande Valley of south Texas. We used a Frailty Index developed based on common health-related data--the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and a Health-related Quality of Life survey (Duke Health Profile). Quality of life, resilience, and frailty are interrelated and influenced by chronic illness, mental illness, poverty, cognitive impairment, and community support.

Methods: We …

Episode 5: Fair's Fair, Sara Gras

Season 01

One of the most commonly expressed objections to the inclusion of trans athletes is that it is fundamentally unfair, particularly to cis women and girls, to compete against trans women and girls. While this cultural belief may be ubiquitous, the science behind it is far from black and white. Without any substantive, multi-sport studies that include trans youth, much of the "evidence" of unfair advantage is merely inferred from other studies of biological difference. But with so much on the line for an already-marginalized community, we should be wary when anyone tries to justify exclusion solely on loose correlations between …

Improving Blood Pressure In Adults 65 Years And Older Via Weekly Telehealth Coaching, Janet Bathini

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Hypertension is a significant modifiable risk factor for CVD and is on the rise with advancing age. The management at the VA hospital's GEC clinic acknowledged the importance of managing HTN in veterans to lower their CVD risk and were open to implementing EBP to enhance HTN management.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: In the primary care setting, in older adults > 65 years with BP > 140/90 (P), does weekly telehealth coaching (I) compared to no telehealth coaching (C), decrease their BP (O) over a 6-week period (T)?

Evidence: The evidence that guided this project …

Pharmacogenomic Precision Medicine: Best Practice Toolkit For Improving Patient Screening For Adult Metastatic Cancer Patients, Rena L. Stewart

Student Scholarly Projects

Precision medicine utilizes pharmacogenomic testing as a therapeutic approach. Genomic testing can assess the impact of an individual's genome on their reaction to specific medications. The main objective is to find variants that may affect an individual's response to a given medication. The implementation of pharmacogenomics in oncology facilitates informed decision-making by clinicians in drug selection and dosage determination.

Point Of Care Testing: Best Practice Toolkit For Improving Access To Point Of Care Testing In Mobile Medicine, Michaela Gist

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Healthcare for persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) is a complex issue. Chronic and communicable diseases are disproportionately represented within this population. Healthcare spending is 2.5 times more costly in comparison to those who have not experienced homelessness. Although mobile health clinics aim to reduce the concerns with access to care, they do not eliminate barriers if the appropriate tests are not immediately available.

PICO: In the homeless population treated in mobile medicine (P), what is the effect of point of care testing (I) on turnaround time (O) compared with outside laboratory testing (C)?

Evidence: Critical analysis of the literature …

Evaluation Of Water Quality And Identification Of Pollution Factors In Mining Subsidence Area With High Phreatic Water Level, Hu Lin, Chen Yongchun, Xu Yanfei, Li Bing, Wang Jin, An Shikai, Chen Chen, Sun Hongjie, Miao Wei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Huainan mining area is characterized by a high phreatic water level, as well as a wide range and large area of coal mining subsidence areas, with the water quality monitoring data missing and prominent water environment. Therefore, the evaluation of water quality monitoring and identification of pollution factors in large subsidence area is of great significance to regional water environmental governance. Specifically, the water quality of the subsidence area was evaluated with the Nemerow pollution index method by testing the water samples collected from 175 sampling points in the study area. Meanwhile, the eutrophication state of water bodies was evaluated …

Effect Of Menstrual Cycle And Contraceptive Pill Phase On Aspects Of Exercise Physiology And Athletic Performance In Female Athletes: Protocol For The Feminae International Multisite Innovative Project, Kirsty J. Elliott Sale, Tessa R. Flood, Shawn M. Arent Ph.D., Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, Eimear Dolan, Bryan Saunders, Mette Hansen, Johanna K. Ihalainen, Ritva S. Mikkonen, Clare Minahan, Jane S. Thornton, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Constance M. Lebrun, Craig Sale, Trent Stellingwerff, Paul A. Swinton, Anthony C. Hackney

Faculty Publications

The idiom € more high-quality research is needed' has become the slogan for sport and exercise physiology-based research in female athletes. However, in most instances, it is challenging to address this gap of high-quality research in elite female athletes at a single study site due to challenges in recruiting enough participants with numerous menstrual cycle and contraceptive pill permutations. Accordingly, we have assembled an international multisite team to undertake an innovative project for female athletes, which investigates the effects of changes in endogenous and exogenous oestrogen and progesterone/progestins across the menstrual cycle and in response to second-generation combined monophasic contraceptive …

Do Organic Farming Practices Improve Soil Physical Properties?, Humberto Blanco-Canqui, Sabrina J. Ruis, Charles A. Francis

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Organic farming (OF) is a reemerging system that could address food security and adverse environmental footprints of conventional farming (CF). However, how OF affects the soil physical environment, an essential pillar for soil ecosystem service delivery, is not well understood. This paper (1) reviews published global literature up to 13 July 2023 regarding the impacts of OF on soil physical properties compared with CF and (2) underlines research needs. Literature indicates OF improves some soil physical properties relative to CF although studies on some properties were few. Specifically, OF increased wet aggregate stability, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and plant available water …

Effects Of Water Access On Childhood Linear Growth In Zimbabwe, Robert Ntozini

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Improving Self-Management In Patients With Diabetes: A Staff Education Project, Tanja Ganues

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Health Literacy In Patients Tested For Alpha-One Antitrypsin Deficiency, Gina Lyn Workman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Unethical Marketing And Advertising To Children: Need For Regulation, Dr Sheetal Kapoor, Vikas Trivedi

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) lays emphasis to regulate advertising targeted at children globally as kids are inexperienced and vulnerable to adverse impact of promotions by marketers and such regulations are trailing behind.1 Ensuring a robust regulatory mechanism and its effective enforcement remains the biggest challenge globally. The present paper studies the rationale of advertisements targeting children, assesses the impact of contemporary media advertisements on children and appraises the existing regulatory landscape of children targeted advertisements in India. It pushes for the need for stronger regulatory framework in the emerging markets.

Vol.51 N.18 November 23rd 2023, Voice Media Ventures

Black Voice News

No abstract provided.

Emerging Sensing, Imaging, And Computational Technologies To Scale Nano-To Macroscale Rhizosphere Dynamics – Review And Research Perspectives, Amir H. Ahkami, Odeta Qafoku, Tiina Roose, Quanbing Mou, Yi Lu, Zoe G. Cardon, Yuxin Wu, Chunwei Chou, Joshua B. Fisher, Tamas Varga, Pubudu Handakumbura, Jayde A. Aufrecht, Arunima Bhattacharjee, James J. Moran

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The soil region influenced by plant roots, i.e., the rhizosphere, is one of the most complex biological habitats on Earth and significantly impacts global carbon flow and transformation. Understanding the structure and function of the rhizosphere is critically important for maintaining sustainable plant ecosystem services, designing engineered ecosystems for long-term soil carbon storage, and mitigating the effects of climate change. However, studying the biological and ecological processes and interactions in the rhizosphere requires advanced integrated technologies capable of decoding such a complex system at different scales. Here, we review how emerging approaches in sensing, imaging, and computational modeling …

Isolated Small Airways Obstruction Predicts Future Chronic Airflow Obstruction: A Multinational Longitudinal Study, Ben Knox Brown, James Potts, Valentina Quintero Santofimio, Cosetta Minelli, Jaymini Patel, Peter Gj Burney, Andre Fs Amaral, Najlaa Mohammed Abass, Dhiraj Agarwal, Asaad A. Nafees

Community Health Sciences

Background: Chronic airflow obstruction is a key characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We investigated whether isolated small airways obstruction is associated with chronic airflow obstruction later in life.
Methods: We used longitudinal data from 3957 participants of the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. We defined isolated small airways obstruction using the prebronchodilator mean forced expiratory flow rate between 25% and 75% of the forced vital capacity (FVC) (FEF25-75) if a result was less than the lower limit of normal.
Results: Median follow-up time was 8.3 years. Chronic airflow obstruction was more likely to develop in participants with …

A Consensus On The Nutrition Care Process In The Treatment Of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Greer Bullough

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the second most common type of leukemia affecting children.1,2 Despite its prevalence, and the adverse effect anticancer treatment has on a patient’s nutritional status and how this can impact treatment outcome, evidence-based guidelines for the medical nutrition therapy of this disease state have not been determined, resulting in a lack of standardized care. In this study, seventeen registered dietitians from facilities that offer pediatric oncological care around the U.S. provided expert opinion on the best approach to the nutrition care process based on their experience with this patient population. Their responses were used to formulate …

Evaluating The Incidence And Prevalence Of Disordered Eating Patterns In Collegiate Athletes To Emphasize The Significance Of Nutrition Education Resources In Body Image-Oriented Sports, Kirbie Grace Daily

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

The prevalence of eating disorders in the realm of sports and college athletics has increased at an alarmingly rapid rate in the past 20 years. The population with which eating disorder patterns are most commonly seen is the dance discipline; the incidence of eating disorder behaviors and patterns has been found to be anywhere between 15-82% of a given dance population, primarily due to a lack of proper nutrition resources or education. To combat this issue, a 6-week cooking series with embedded nutrition education is proposed to take place with the University of Memphis dance team. Pre and post screening …

Nursing Education On Pressure Ulcer Prevention In Acute Care, Leasa Elizabeth Jones

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Natural Protein Intake In Children With Phenylketonuria: Prescription Vs. Actual Intakes, Alex Pinto, Anne Daly, Júlio César Rocha, Catherine Ashmore, Sharon Evans, Fatma Ilgaz, Mary Hickson, Anita Macdonald

School of Health Professions

In phenylketonuria (PKU), an important component of the UK dietary management system is a 50 mg phenylalanine (Phe)/1 g protein exchange system used to allocate the Phe/natural protein intakes according to individual patient tolerance. Any foods containing protein ≤ 0.5 g/100 g or fruits/vegetables containing Phe ≤ 75 mg/100 g are allowed without measurement or limit. In children with PKU, we aimed to assess the difference between the prescribed natural protein intake and their actual consumed intake, and to calculate the natural protein/Phe intake from foods given without measurement or restriction. Over a 6-month duration, three one-day diet diaries were …

Evangelical Health Systems Annual Report, 1984, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

Evangelical Health Systems, Oak Brook, IL: Annual report of the Evangelical Health Systems. Includes data from legacy hospitals: Christ Hospital, Good Samaritan Hospital, Good Shepherd Hospital, Bethany Hospital, Woodlawn Hospital, and the Evangelical School of Nursing.

Biochar Influences On Phytochemical Composition And Expression Genes Of Curly Kale At Different Treatment Times, Joyce Dedei Anteh, Esraa Almugrabi, Antonina Mostyakova, Olga Timofeeva

Turkish Journal of Botany

his study examined the effect of biochar application to the soil at different times on the phytochemical composition (phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamin C, sugars, proteins, MDA, and antioxidant activity) and expression of HCT, F3’H and CHS genes (which are involved in the accumulation of phenolic compounds) in cabbage kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala). Biochar was prepared from chicken manure, using the method of rapid pyrolysis at a temperature of 400 °C. The retention time at the maximum temperature was 4 h, and the heating rate was 10 °C min–1. The biochar fertilizer was applied to 5–7 day-old kale seedlings …

Influence Of Rootstock Age And Gibberellin On The Survival Rate Of Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum L. Merr. & Perr.) Grafting, Ireng Darwati, Rudi Suryadi, Nurliani Bermawie, Octivia Trisilawati, Devi Rusmin, Sri Wahyuni, Siswanto Siswanto, R Vitri Garvita

Turkish Journal of Botany

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a cross-pollinated crop with significant genetic variation in planting materials derived from seeds. Vegetative propagation through grafting is a valuable strategy to achieve genetically identical characteristics in progeny. This study investigates the influence of rootstock age and hormone (gibberellin) treatments on the grafting union and survival rate of top clove grafting under greenhouse conditions. The experiments followed a randomized block design with three replications, each containing 10 samples, and involving two factors: rootstock age (4, 6, and 8 weeks old) and gibberellin (GA3 ) concentrations (0 and 1 mg L–1). The variables observed include success percentage, …

Genome-Wide Identification Of Qtls Associated With Iron Deficiency Tolerance In Soybean Reveals Gata12 As The Integrator Of Iron Signaling In Roots, Amir Maqbool, Ahmet Şahi̇n, Allah Bakhsh, Emre Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Botany

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient required for plant growth and development. However, its deficiency causes substantial yield losses, particularly in alkaline soils. Soybean (Glycine max) serves as an ideal model to study Fe deficiency chlorosis (IDC) due to its inefficient Fe uptake from the soil. Although the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with IDC tolerance were determined in soybean, the specific genes within these QTL regions remain unidentified. In this study, it was aimed to identify and analyze the expression levels of genes present in IDC-responsive soybean QTL under Fe deficiency. Through this investigation, 6593 genes were identified within …