Digital Commons Network^™

Design, Formulation, And Evaluation Of, Fatima Sanjeri Dasankoppa, Pooja Solankiy, Hasanpasha N. Sholapur, Vilas G. Jamakandi, Vinuta M. Sajjanar, Pooja M. Walveka

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The significant problem in the ocular drug delivery is the attainment of optimal drug concentration at the site of action. Development of therapeutic agents that require repeated long-term administration is a driver for the sustained release drug delivery systems, to result in less frequent dosing, and less invasive techniques. Therefore, to overcome the anatomical barriers and ocular bioavailability constrains, a novel drug delivery system

in situ

gels have been developed.

Materials and Methods:

The

in situ

gelling system comprises gellan gum, an anionic polymer responsible for the ionic gelation. Methylcellulose a nonionic polymer contributes for the viscosity and gels …

Formulation And Characterization Of Oxiconazole-Loaded Emulgel For Topical Application, A. P. Gadad, Amol Prakash Magdum, P. M. Dandagi, U. B. Bolmal, Shriraj Kamat

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Oxiconazole nitrate is a new topical broad spectrum antifungal agent used to treat superficial fungal infections. It has a low aqueous solubility due to which different techniques are employed to enhance its bioavailability. Emulgel has emerged as one of the most interesting topical drug delivery system for hydrophobic drugs like Oxiconazole as it has dual release control systems i.e. emulsion and gel.

Objective:

In the present work an attempt was made to prepare Emulgel of Oxiconazole nitrate for enhancing its topical delivery.

Materials and Methods:

Emulgel formulations were characterized by various parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability,

in vitro …

Bibliometric Evaluation Of Published Indian Research On “Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices”, Sandeep Sachdeva, T. R. Sachdev, Ruchi Sachdeva

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) based published Indian research on selected parameters.

Methodology:

A bibliometric analysis of Indian KAP research manuscript published in journals indexed in PubMed for the last 2 years and/or published in Indian Journal of Community Medicine (IJCM) and Indian Journal of Public Health (IJPH) for the last 15 years (year 2000–2014) was undertaken under certain criteria.

Results:

PubMed (

n

= 196) revealed maximum KAP research undertaken from the states of Karnataka (16.8%) followed by Delhi (9.6%), Maharashtra (9.1%), and more than two states (11.7%). There was poor reflection with no publication of …

Effect Of Denture Adhesive And Its Forms On Microbial Colonization In Diabetic And Nondiabetic Complete Denture Wearers An, Ruta Jadhav, Sounyala Rayannavar, Raghunath Patil, Vinuta Hiremath, Sumati A. Hogade

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Problem:

Denture adhesives are known to enhance the retention and stability in denture wearers, especially in patients with resorbed ridges. However, dentists hesitate to prescribe them fearing denture adhesive-induced oral microbial infections or hyperplasia in the oral cavity.

Aim:

The aim of this was to evaluate and compare the effect of denture adhesives and its forms on the microbial colonization of diabetic and nondiabetic edentulous patients using complete dentures.

Methodology:

Forty subjects were included in the study (Group A: 20 diabetics and Group B: 20 nondiabetics). After 2 weeks of complete denture insertion, samples were collected from the hard palate …

Publication Explosion And Ethics A Cause Of Concern, Subarna Roy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Chromobacterium Violaceum Causing Community‑Acquired Urinary Tract Infection, D. Paul Vincent, C. G. Meghana, Vanditha Mohan, K. M. Resmi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Chromobacterium violaceum

is an opportunistic pathogen in humans. Nearly 150 cases have been reported worldwide. The usual presentation is with an initial localized skin lesion and progression to multiple liver and lung abscesses and finally fatal septicemia. Progression is usually seen in immunocompromised individuals or when appropriate antimicrobial therapy was delayed. Mortality ranges up to 60% if not promptly treated. A 73-year-old male presented with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). His urine culture grew

C. violaceum

. Neither was he immunocompromised nor was he having any risk factor for this infection. He was not admitted in any hospital in the …

Palatal Ulceration A Local Anesthetic Complication, Urvashi Sharma

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The hard palate is one of the common sites of local complications following administration of local anesthetics. The hard, unyielding palatal tissues coupled with either forceful or excessive administration of solution, induction of trauma, use of contaminated solutions, or reactivation of latent viruses may present or aggravate local complications in the palatal area. Ulceration and necrosis is unusual and a rare complication of local anesthesia. Presented is such an uncommon case in a 16-year-old girl.

Comparative Prevalence Of, Olatunji Matthew Kolawole, Olugbenga A. Mokuolu, Yetunde A. Olukosi, Tolulope O. Oloyede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In Okelele, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria, malaria remains an important public health concern with a little information about its prevalence.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of malaria infection at Okelele Health Centre, Okelele, Ilorin.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional descriptive study in which patients were diagnosed clinically with severe or uncomplicated malaria at the study site was conducted. Rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) for malaria and microscopy using Giemsa staining by thick and thin blood smears were done for study patients.

Results:

In this study, 200 malaria patients attending Okelele Health Centre, Okelele, Ilorin, were tested for malaria infection, with females having …

Correlation Of Serum Albumin With Ischemia Modified Albumin In Acute Stroke Patients With Or Without Diabetes Mellitus, Jayaraj G. Gudi, Anil Malleshappa, Karkal Ravishankar Naik

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Stroke is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is most commonly associated with the acute stroke. Abnormalities in serum albumin are known to occur in acute stroke patients. Ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a novel marker of acute stroke and hence, it is important to know the factors affecting IMA estimation. The objective of this study was to find out the correlation between serum albumin and IMA in acute stroke with or without DM.

Subjects and Methods:

This cross-sectional study comprised sixty acute stroke patients (thirty with DM, thirty without DM) and thirty healthy controls. …

Contraceptive Practice Among Married Women In Urban Areas Catered By A Medical College In Belagavi, Karnataka, K. Kruthika, Chandra S. Metgud, M. D. Mallapur

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Population explosion is one of the most hazards to the development of India. The most effective way to control this is by reducing birth rate using contraception.

Objective:

To know the prevalence of contraceptive use among married women.

Methodology:

Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among married women aged 15-44 years residing in three urban areas of Belagavi using predesigned and pretested questionnaire after obtaining informed consent.

Results:

The prevalence of contraceptive use in the present study was 353 (58.8%), among them 96 (16.0%) were condom user, 113 (18.9%) were using intrauterine device, 26 (4.3%) were practicing rhythm method, 20 …

Assessment Of Hearing In Patients Undergoing Tympanoplasty With And Without Cortical Mastoidectomy For Chronic Otitis Media A Hospital-Based, Randomized Controlled Trial, M. K. Vybhavi, R. S. Mudhol

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aims:

To assess hearing in patients undergoing tympanoplasty with and without cortical mastoidectomy for chronic otitis media.

Settings and Design:

A hospital-based, randomized controlled study.

Subjects and Methods:

The study included sixty patients. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of thirty each. In Group 1, patients underwent tympanoplasty alone. In Group 2, patients underwent tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Hearing assessment was done by pure tone audiometry. Follow-up period was 3 months.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Paired and unpaired

t

-tests were used for quantitative variables and Chi-square test was used for qualitative ones.

P

< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The mean pre- and post-operative …

Effect Of Eustachian Tube Function On Tympanoplasty Outcome In Chronic Otitis Media Patients Cross-Sectional Study, Amol Shiromany, B. P. Belaldavar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction has been attributed to many diseases of middle ear cleft ranging from as benign as serous otitis media to squamosal (unsafe) chronic otitis media (COM). Many factors have been attributed for the success of tympanoplasty, out of which ET function (ETF) is considered one of the most important. ETF can be evaluated by various tests and assessment of the same can predict the outcome of tympanoplasty.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ETF on tympanoplasty outcome in COM patients.

Materials and Methods:

This observational study was conducted in the …

Cytokinesis-Blocked Micronucleus Assay As A Biomarker For Risk Of Lung Cancer, Keerthana Ganesh, G. Tamizh Selvan, Surabi Ganga, Solomon F. D. Paul, Anita Ramesh, J. Vijayalakshmi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Lung cancer is the second most leading cause of cancer mortality throughout the world. It is an imperative requirement to find reliable markers which can be used effectively to assess the initial analysis and predict the risk of lung cancer. The cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay is one of the well-developed methods to measure the proficiency of genomic instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes of individuals with different types of cancer. In our present study, we used the CBMN assay to investigate chromosomal aberrations in lung cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:

Peripheral blood was collected from lung cancer patients (

n …

Dental Health Behaviors Among Homemakers And The Association With Socioeconomic Status A Study From Delhi, India, Rahul Sharma, Dinesh Raja, Vikas Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Women who are homemakers represent a vulnerable group regarding dental health, given the traditionally low importance placed on their health and preventive behavior, especially in the developing countries.

Objective:

To study the dental health-related behaviors among the homemakers in a region of Delhi, India, and its association with socioeconomic status (SES).

Materials and Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study done in four selected residential colonies in a region of Delhi. Seven hundred and fifty-four homemakers residing in the colonies participated in the study.

Results:

Of the women, only 45.5% brushed their teeth twice daily while just 5.2% flossed their teeth …

Prevalence Of Ocular Trauma In Kles Hospital A 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study, Shivanand B. Patil, Abhinav Biala, Amishi Khanna, Anju Meena

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

People affected by eye injury often have to face loss of career opportunities, major lifestyle changes, and occasionally permanent disfigurement.

Aims:

(1) To find the prevalence of ocular trauma in patients attending our hospital. (2) To find the clinical profile of ocular trauma patients and the cause of trauma in them.

Settings and Design:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted at KLE Hospital, Belagavi, Karnataka.

Subjects and Methods:

The present 1-year study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, on 2308 trauma patients presenting to the ophthalmology outpatient department …

Hypoglycemic Effect Of A Case Study, Rajkala S. Ramteke, Anup B. Thakar, Karishma Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. Diabetes is mounting at an alarming rate, all over the world. The International Diabetes Federation predicts that the number of people living with diabetes will to rise from 366 million in 2011 to 552 million by 2030. In spite of all the advances in therapeutics, diabetes still remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. In such scenario, there is need of establish an alternative and effective therapy to control DM and prevent the complications. DM can be equated with …

Design, Formulation And Evaluation Of Carboxy Methyl Tamarind Based, Fatima S. Dasankoppa, Seema Kujur, Hasan Pasha Nazeer Ahmed Sholapur, Vilas G. Jamakandi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

A major problem in ocular therapeutics is the attainment of optimum drug concentration at the site of action, which is compromised mainly due to precorneal loss resulting in only a small fraction of the drugs being absorbed. The effective dose administered may be altered by increasing the retention time of medication into the eye by using in situ gel forming polymeric systems.

Materials and Methods:

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to design, formulate, and evaluate in situ gelling-based ophthalmic drug delivery system dorzolamide hydrochloride to enhance the precorneal retention and to improve the ocular bioavailability. …

Knowledge And Perception Regarding Childhood Pneumonia Among Mothers Of Under-Five Children In Rural Areas Of Udupi Taluk, Karnataka A Cross-Sectional Study, Susan Mary Pradhan, Arathi P. Rao, Sanjay M. Pattanshetty, A. R. Nilima

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

A large number of children die due to pneumonia making it the single largest infectious cause of death more than AIDS, measles, and malaria combined. In India, acute respiratory infection is a major public health problem, especially for the age group of 0–5 years which contributes to 15–30% of deaths falling under this age group and most of these deaths are preventable.

Objective:

To assess the level of knowledge and perception regarding childhood pneumonia among mothers of under-five children.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 mothers of under-five children. Interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for …

Algorithm Of Ancient Ayurveda Method Of Semen Analysis And Integrative Approach Toward Male Infertility, Sreenivasa Prasad Buduru, Giridhar Vedantam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Ayurveda scientifically described as andrology (

Vajikarana

) incorporates semen morphology in normal and pathological conditions, as 8-fold pathological condition and therapy are based on them. Morphological and physicochemical evaluation methods of semen are useful in better diagnosis of clinical manifestation of underlying etiopathology. Based on the standard publications on andrology, an attempt is made to integrate the clinical and laboratory diagnostics of semen physiology and pathology, which help in understanding the abnormalities in conventional Ayurveda as well as modern medicine to plan appropriate pharmacotherapy. Integrative approach would open up new arena in andrology and widen the scope of therapeutic …

Acute Respiratory Infections In Children Can We Prevent?, Gajanan S. Gaude

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Association Of Mild Cognitive Impairment With Serum Vitamin D Level In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Kulvinder Singh, Veer Bahadur Singh, Babu Lal Meena, Sanjay Beniwal, Subhash Gaur, Vivek Ujwal, Harish Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases around the world and its prevalence is continuously increasing. It is seen that many patients of diabetes with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have low serum level of Vitamin D. The aim of the study is to identify the correlation between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and MCI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional study was conducted at P.B.M. Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.

Method:

In this study, 100 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in which 47 were male and 53 were female. For measuring the cognitive impairment …

Disability In The Rural Areas Of Bareilly, India, Syed Esam Mahmood, Arun Singh, Zeashan H. Zaidi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Disability is one of the major public health problems in the developing countries. Eighty percent of the disabled reside in rural areas. Disability prevalence studies carried out in rural India are very few. Thus, studying the prevalence of disability in a rural community will be a useful contribution in proper health planning for the disabled.

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence and distribution of disability in terms of age, gender, education, religion, socioeconomic status, and types in a rural community of Bareilly.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the villages of Bithri Chainpur and Nawabganj Blocks of …

Formulation And Evalution Of New Polyherbal Toothpaste For Oral Care, S. Abhay, Basavaraj M. Dinnimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aim and Objective:

The main objective of this research was to formulate medicated polyherbal toothpaste with better antimicrobial activity from natural sources for dental infections.

Materials and Method:

The hydroalcoholic extracts of apple peel, lemon peel, orange peel, banana peel was carried out and the formulated toothpaste from the above extracts were subjected for antimicrobial activity study against Gram-positive bacteria (

Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans

) and Gram-negative bacteria (

Porphyromonas gingivalis

).

Results:

Antibacterial activity of the toothpaste was determined by the 2-fold serial dilution method. All the extract has showed good antimicrobial against

P. gingivalis

, …

Melioration In Teaching An Aptitude Or An Attitude, Seema Hallikerimath, Anil Ankola

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Teaching is a process that facilitates learning by encouraging learners to think, feel, and do. Teaching-learning mechanism plays an important role in institutions in determining the effectiveness (quality) of the output in health care profession and not the efficiency (quantity) alone. The learning process should never cease, as in the present era of information explosion teachers have to keep themselves updated with the newer trends in science and technology. However, with vast technological aids advancement and material science available to us, we still stand in dilemma at times introspecting as to "How refined is our teaching and is our …

Knowledge And Attitude Toward Evidence-Based Dentistry Among Postgraduate Students Of A Dental College In South India, K. V. N. R. Pratap, T. M. Padma, M. P. Sandhya, V. S. Kalyan, A. Anitha, A. S. K. Bhargava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Practicing evidence-based approach has been widely promoted in medicine although this has been to a lesser extent in dentistry. The present study is aimed at assessing the knowledge and attitude of postgraduate students toward evidence-based dentistry.

Methodology:

The study sample consists of 71 postgraduate students of Mamata Dental College, Khammam. An 11 item multiple choice, close-ended questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude of the postgraduate students toward evidence-based dentistry. The results were expressed in percentage and counts.

Results:

About 49.3% of the students are unaware of evidence-based dentistry, and 29.5% students could apply the concept. About …

Gmos And Public Perception: College Students’ Opinions And Knowledge Of Genetic Engineering, Serene M. Cheng

RURALS: Review of Undergraduate Research in Agricultural and Life Sciences

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be developed and implemented to address significant global challenges, including nutrient deficiencies, climate change, and crop disease. However, widespread opposition has prevented the success of GMOs. We believe this opposition is strongly connected to a lack of understanding about genetics in general, which has been reflected by previous studies.

In this study, we considered the relationship between GMO support and genetics knowledge by comparing results from a brief quiz and responses to prompts relating to GMOs. Using a survey of college students, we found that support for GMOs and general knowledge of genetics are positively …

J1) Virtual Reality And Multifaith Pilgrimage: Assessing The Impact Of Vr Technology On Religious Tourism Across Different Traditions, Md. Javed Kawsar, Rashed Khan

International Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage Conferences

Religious tourism has traditionally been a deeply immersive, physical experience, drawing in millions of pilgrims to sacred sites across different faiths. However, with advancements in Virtual Reality (VR) technology, religious tourism is evolving to offer virtual experiences of these sacred spaces. VR's potential to make sacred journeys more accessible, especially for individuals facing physical, financial, or geopolitical barriers. While VR enhances interfaith understanding and can complement traditional pilgrimages through immersive and educational experiences, it raises critical questions about spiritual authenticity, theological legitimacy, and ethical use. However, VR is not a full replacement for physical pilgrimage due to its limitations in …

The Effects Of E-Cigarettes And Oxidative Stress On Cognitive Function And Adolescent Academics, Alexis A. Kaminsky Jr.

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Electronic cigarettes are the fastest growing method of tobacco consumption in the United States despite an overall decline in smoking rates. Evidence has shown that enticing flavor and trendy marketing campaigns have increased use among younger consumers. Nicotine use is a risk factor among younger individuals for damage to brain development and cognitive impairment, and electronic cigarettes are no exception. This paper attempts to review and clarify previously observed health impacts of electronic cigarette use among younger individuals, as measured by academic grades and scores. A focus on the effect of oxidative stress on the body and the resulting academic …

Targeting Obesity: The Role Of Glp-1 Receptor Agonists In Achieving Sustainable Weight Loss, Brad Vamplew

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

This review critically evaluates the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist pharmacotherapy in managing obesity. Obesity is a health epidemic that affects 100 million Americans, and it puts individuals at higher risk for numerous health comorbidities over a lifetime. A comprehensive literature review was completed by utilizing PubMed and its clinical queries function to locate relevant research. The research information was narrowed down with a focus on obesity management and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for therapy. Numerous current clinical studies and trials were incorporated into this review. Many clinical trials substantiated the benefits of this pharmacotherapy for the management of …

Binge Eating Disorder: A Clinical Review, Michell Mcdiffett Mshs, Pa-C

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder (ED) in the United States (U.S.) and is characterized by recurrent episodes of eating a larger than normal amount of food in a discrete period of time and includes a sense of loss of control over food intake. BED is often comorbid with serious somatic and psychiatric disorders and is associated with reduced quality of life and excess mortality. Some consider BED a public health concern due to frequent co-occurrence with obesity and worse outcomes in those populations. The diagnosis is often delayed due to shame and underreporting of symptoms …