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The Parishioner & The Probationer: Make Probation Non-Profit Again, James Rex Lee

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Conserved Signal-Peptidase Antagonist Modulates Membrane Homeostasis Of Actinobacterial Sortase Critical For Surface Morphogenesis, Nicholas A Ramirez, Chenggang Wu, Chungyu Chang, Sara D Siegel, Asis Das, Hung Ton-That

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cell wall anchoring of surface proteins in Gram-positive bacteria requires a sortase enzyme. Here, we unveiled the hitherto unknown function of an evolutionarily conserved small transmembrane protein, named SafA, genetically linked to the housekeeping sortase in Actinobacteria. We show that Actinomyces oris SafA interacts with the housekeeping sortase SrtA via the conserved FPW motif and prevents SrtA cleavage by the signal peptidase LepB2, hence maintaining membrane homeostasis of SrtA. This function is conserved as ectopic expression of SafA from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium matruchotii in the A. oris safA mutant rescues its defects in cell morphology, pilus assembly, surface protein …

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Dynamic Robot Chain Networks For Swarm Foraging, Dohee Lee, Qi Lu, Tsz-Chiu Au

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The objective of foraging robot swarms is to search for and collect resources in an unknown arena as quickly as possible. To avoid the congestion near the central collection zone, we previously proposed an extension to the multiple-place foraging in which robot chains are deployed dynamically so that foraging robots can deliver to the robot chains instead of the central collection zone. However, a robot chain can only reach one location at a time, and congestion can occur at the end of the robot chain. This paper presents an extension to dynamic robot chains called dynamic robot chain networks, which …

Scenario Specification Structuring Effective Collaborative Communication, James Lipuma, Cristo Leon, Kamiya Patel

STEM for Success Resources

Dr. James Lipuma, a faculty member in the Humanities and Social Sciences department, Cristo Leon (PhD. Graduate Student) director of research at NJIT College of Science and Liberal Arts, and Kamiya Patel CEO-President at Lyra have a new article entitled “Scenario specification structuring effective collaborative communication”.

Trans-Parasocial Relation Between Influencers And Viewers On Live Streaming Platforms: How Does It Affect Viewer Stickiness And Purchase Intention?, Jeeyeon Kim, Jui-Ting Liu, Sue Ryung Chang

Asia Marketing Journal

Live streaming has become one of the most important communication tools for influencers to synchronously interact with viewers. It is critical to understand the effect of the reciprocal and synchronously interactive relations built between influencers and viewers, so-called trans-parasocial relations, in the context of live streaming. In this study, we investigate how trans-parasocial relations impact viewers’ stickiness and purchase intention on live streaming platforms. Furthermore, we investigate fanship as a mediating factor in the relationship between trans-parasocial relations and viewers’ behaviors. Overall, the results reveal significant direct and indirect effects of trans-parasocial relations on viewers’ stickiness and purchase intention. Higher …

Discovering Need For Credit And Facilitating Lending In Real Time, Prashant Jhingran, Aditya Narayan Goyal

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure describes method that may facilitate the payment transaction or credit-based payment during transaction failure. When payment transaction fails due to insufficient funds in issuing bank of a user, the payment network provider may inform user that payment was declined by the issuing bank due to insufficient funds. The payment network provider may facilitate lending options via one or more lending partners. If user wishes to opt for lending options, then user has to provide consent to the payment network provider for sharing user’s credit score with the one or more lending partners. Upon receiving approval from the …

Upaya Pemerintah Terhadap Perlindungan Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional Batik Motif Parang Sebagai Warisan Budaya Dunia, Raden Zulfikar Supinarko Putra

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

Batik is not just a design on a piece of cloth, more than that, batik is a soul that blends in the procession of Indonesian society. Since the baby has been carried with a batik cloth, weddings wear batik cloth until when they die they will be covered with batik cloth too usually. This fact become a consideration for UNESCO to establish Indonesian Batik as a Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in the Fourth Session of The Intergovernmental Committee. This research uses a normative legal research method that is descriptive and analytical using a statutory …

Perbedaan Akad Wakalah Bil Ujrah Dan Akad Qard Terhadap Permasalahan Akad Pembelian Barang Dalam Kehidupan Sehari-Hari, Zendy Sellyfio Ardiana

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

The wakalah bil ujrah and qard contract are contracts that often cause difficulties in implementing the purchase of goods in everyday life, both in safekeeping for purchasing goods and for buying and selling in general. Where if it is wrong in its application, it can cause income in a sale and purchase to be haraam due to an error in understanding the contract used and not describing benefit as the core of maqashid al-sharia which has an important role in determining Islamic law. The purpose of this paper is to find out how the solution to the application of …

Tinjauan Yuridis Dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Ham Berat Melalui Komisi Kebenaran Dan Rekonsiliasi Di Afrika Selatan Dan Indonesia, Tshana Erfandi

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

Several countries are currently developing a solution to the problem by establishing a particular commission. The commission works outside the courts, parliament and executive. In Indonesia, In Indonesia. The People's Consultative Assembly set a stipulation regarding the establishment of the National Center for Truth and Reconciliation: (NCTR) in 2000. This stipulation has the intent and purpose for national unity to identify existing problems, determine the conditions that must be made in order to achieve national reconciliation and establish policy direction as a guide to carry out the consolidation of unity of a nation. Whereas in South Africa, the National …

Upaya Perlindungan Pemegang Saham Minoritas Dalam Perusahaan Holding, Syailendra Wisnu Wardhana

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

Minority shareholders in a subsidiary of a holding company have the potential to suffer losses due to the actions of the parent company. The role of the parent company as a shareholder in a subsidiary company can obscure the specialty of the company as a separate legal entity and its limited liability. In the doctrine of piercing the corporate veil, the limitation of the responsibilities of the directors and shareholders in the company does not apply if the actions of the directors or shareholders of the company have the objective of making a subsidiary company a tool to achieve …

Penerapan Doktrin Penyalahgunaan Keadaan (Misbruik Van Omstandigheden) Dalam Putusan Pengadilan Indonesia, Sharon Clarins

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

In Indonesian Law, one of reasons why a contract can be voided is when the contract was made because of the existence of threat, oversight or fraud as regulated in Article 1321 Indonesian Civil Code. But, nowadays, abuse of circumstances doctrine as one of the reason for annulment of contract is known through court verdicts. Although it is known from court verdicts, the knowledge of this doctrine is very distinct and caused inconsistency court verdicts while ajudicating cases related to abuse of circumstances. The main matter of this thesis are how are the judgement of the judge in accepting …

Pembebasan Perpajakan / Retribusi Daerah Di Kawasan Industri Mandor Sebagai Bentuk Kebijakan Otonomi Daerah Untuk Meningkatkan Perekonomian, Ryan Tantan Sembiring Meliala

"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI

Abstract

Taxes are a source of income for a government. To implement a regional autonomy that the central government is currently carrying out, regional governments can make regional policies to improve the region's economy. In this case, the Landak Regency Regional Government makes a policy of exemption and relief from regional taxes/levies given to investors who will carry out investment activities in the Foreman Industrial Estate. This policy is an effort from the Landak District Government to improve the economy in Landak by making a regional tax policy to attract investors.

Keywords: tax, regional autonomy, investment

Qualifying A Public Health Emergency As "A Threat To International Peace And Security" And Covid-19: The Practice Of The Un Security Council Revisited, Gregor Maučec

Florida Journal of International Law

This Article provides an analytical framework designed to assess whether a public health emergency constitutes a threat to international peace and security. In so doing, it challenges a common observation that the UN Security Council (UNSC) is largely free to frame public health issues of global concern as threats to international security. This Article instead argues that, for legitimacy and compliance purposes, the UNSC needs to establish that several determining criteria have been met before it can characterize a public health crisis as a threat to international security. Against this backdrop, this Article discusses a number of parameters which can …

Recognizing Persecution In U.S. Criminal Justice And Capital Punishment: A Potential Path To Asylum Relief For U.S. Nationals, Alexandra Lauren Horn

Florida Journal of International Law

In 2020, amidst a global pandemic, political chaos, and economic recession, the killings of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor, among too many others, brought international attention and outrage to the institutionalized racism which characterizes the U.S. criminal justice system. In a country that claims itself "the leader of the free world," people of color, and Black Americans in particular, are disproportionately policed, arrested, convicted, and, ultimately, executed in a deeply flawed capital punishment system. Asylum law may be an emerging option of relief from this discriminatory practice, especially with the current global support for reform movements. The closest the international …

Expressing Dissent: Gag Laws, Human Rights Activism And The Right To Protest, Eleni Polymenopoulou

Florida Journal of International Law

Over the last decade, gag laws have been increasingly used in the context of the right to protest in both liberal and illiberal States. Alarming restrictions include not only laws directly suppressing protests—as in the case of authorization requirements and other prior restraints—but also laws suppressing protests indirectly, in the name of public order, freedom of movement, and other public interests. Drawing on the jurisprudence of human rights bodies, this Article explores whether there is any way to assess the legitimacy of such restrictions vis-à-vis human rights activism and the imperative of political and democratic participation. This Article argues that …

True Perestroika Or Still Perfunctory: A Decade Of Developments In Russian Law Practice Reform, Katerina P. Lewinbuk

Florida Journal of International Law

The concept of lawyering in Russia has undergone enormous changes in the last few decades and continues to evolve as the nation ushers in reforms to the profession. Examining the legal profession in Russia on its own without the comparison to the West is most effective. The country was shaped by its own history and societal norms; thus, it cannot resemble any other nation's speed and depth of developments in the legal field. As such, Russia's creation, and development of the "On Work" ethics code and other regulations for the advocates ("advokatura") is a huge accomplishment and reflection of the …

Are Private Arbitral Panels Tribunals Under § 1782?: Analysis Of Case Law And Interpretative Approaches, Maria Castro Sanchez

Florida Journal of International Law

Section 1782 authorizes the use of U.S. style discovery in aid of foreign proceedings. This statute has only been substantively analyzed by the U.S. Supreme Court in Intel. Though this case provided guidance on and clarified key issues regarding the application of 1782; it also gave rise to questions regarding its application to foreign arbitral proceedings. The recent flood of cases dealing with this issue have come to different conclusions as to its scope and application, with some courts finding that private foreign arbitrations are categorically outside of the scope of the statute and others authorizing its use in both …

"The Right To Be Forgotten" And Its Unintended Consequences To Intelligence Gathering, Charlene C. Goldfield

Florida Journal of International Law

Social media has dramatically changed how we interact and communicate with one another. The reliance on social media has also sparked many international debates revolving around privacy. We have seen the enactment of the comprehensive privacy law in the European Union, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the United States—both enacted in 2018. In the GDPR, Article 17, known as the "Right to Be Forgotten" (RTBF) principle, allows, for data subjects to request that their information be removed from online service providers like social media companies. In recent years, cases from the …

Seeking Clarity: European Press Rights At Peaceful Assemblies, Jonathan Peters

Florida Journal of International Law

The Council of Europe has called on several intergovernmental organizations to develop guidelines clarifying press rights at peaceful assemblies. It is a critical time to do so because police across Europe have been detaining and arresting journalists without cause, and citizens have been physically assaulting journalists—all as they have tried to cover assemblies. The organizations have been holding meetings for the past year to debate what the guidelines should include. The general idea is that they will set a minimum baseline for press rights at assemblies, creating a threshold that national authorities must meet in their own regulations. I have …

Bribery And Corruption: The Coso Framework, Fcpa, And U.K. Bribery Act, Lawrence J. Trautman, Joanna Kimbell

Florida Journal of International Law

Long-established major U.S. corporations such as McDonald's, Walmart, and Proctor and Gamble continue to derive a majority of revenues from foreign operations. In addition, a number of relatively new U.S. technology companies such as: Airbnb (founded in 2008); Facebook (founded in 2004); Snap (founded in 2011); Twitter (founded in 2006); and Uber (founded in 2009), find themselves deep into international markets, often within just a few years of creation, and certainly by the end of their first decade of operation. Increased international commerce results in the potential for greater exposure to global demands for bribery. Bribery and corruption remains a …

The Vanishing Act: Punishing And Deterring Perpetrators Through The Concurrent Application Of Diverse Legal Regimes To Enforced Disappearances, Danushka S. Medawatte

Florida Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Dragon On Our Doorstep: China's Nicaraguan Canal, Its Geopolitical And Economic Impacts, And Potential U.S. Rebuttals Utilizing The Monroe Doctrine, Erich D. Grome

Florida Journal of International Law

The first section of this comment details the varied backgrounds of these issues, including the history of Nicaragua and its canal ambitions from the Columbian era to the present day, the Monroe Doctrine and the U.S. interventions in Latin America, the rise of Chinese neocolonialism in the Western Hemisphere, and U.S. interests in preventing Chinese expansionism and reengaging Latin America in a proactive, mutually-beneficial manner.

The second part of this comment details proposed solutions to the issues identified in the first part, outlining short-term and long-term objectives and the means to accomplish such.

State Responsibility For Involvement Of Nationals And Residents In Acts Of Terrorism Aboard: Iraq As A Case Study, Khaled Ramadan Bashir, Abdulrasool A.S. Al-Asadi

Florida Journal of International Law

In this Article, we shall explore state responsibility in relation to foreign terrorist fighters as far as its nationals/residents involved in terrorism abroad are concerned. For the purpose of illustration, we chose Iraq as a case study. To this, we shall first discuss state responsibility in relation to individuals. Subsequently, we shall analyze the contemporary legal regime governing state responsibility in relation to nationals and residents committing terrorism abroad. Finally, the conclusion should provide a synopsis of the study’s outcome.

Remotely Piloted Aircrafts (Rpas) In Targeted Killing Operations: The United States Is No Lone Wolf, Eveylon Corrie Westbrook Mack

Florida Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Turning The Other Cheek: The Persecution Of The Christian Minority, Audra L. Savage

Florida Journal of International Law

This Article will first define Christians as a religious minority by looking at their status in a particular region—the Middle East/North Africa region. Next, the Article will define the contours of religious rights and protections under international law by reviewing the framework of international treaties and declarations promulgated by the United Nations and regional organizations. Then, it will review the persecution of this group highlighted in three key areas: (1) group rights; (2) individual rights; and (3) violent persecution and expulsion. This Article will end with an argument for increased efforts of enforcing in current customary law and treaties, as …

China's Homegrown Free-Speech Tradition: Imperial Past And Modern Present. And Post-Modern Future?, Roy L. Sturgeon

Florida Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Jerusalem In The Courts And On The Ground, Sam F. Halabi

Florida Journal of International Law

This Article analyzes presidential speeches and the pleadings of the U.S. Government in response to a lawsuit by Jerusalem-born U.S. citizen Menachem Zivotofsky seeking to have “Israel” listed in his U.S. passport rather than “Jerusalem” as U.S. law now requires. The picture that emerges is one of a growing flexibility in U.S. policy toward Israel/Palestine in general and Jerusalem in particular. That flexibility moves away from adherence to two states (and impliedly two capitals in Jerusalem) to one emphasizing various “kinds” of democracy that may characterize a future Israeli state.

Innocence Lost: Instituting Harsher International Criminal Court Sentences For Perpetrators Of Sex Crimes Against Children, Rachel F. Braden

Florida Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Ubuntu Leadership – An Explication Of An Afrocentric Leadership Style, Eugene Laloo

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

The development of leadership theories has mostly followed a Western perspective, with non-Western leadership theories often excluded from recorded chronologies of leadership. Ubuntu leadership, a leadership style promoted following South Africa’s first democratic election, is one such leadership theory. While Ubuntu has been an ethnographic philosophy and a long-established part of African cultures, the philosophy gained prominence following eminent South African leaders’ call to bring Ubuntu principles into the national reconstruction and development plan of post-apartheid South Africa. While Ubuntu leadership has since been extensively studied, this leadership theory is still relatively unknown beyond Africa. This paper explains Ubuntu leadership …