Digital Commons Network^™

Light Curve And Hardness Tests For Millilensing In Grb 081122a, Grb 081126a, Grb 110517b, And Grb 210812a, Oindabi Mukherjee, Robert J. Nemiroff

Michigan Tech Publications

Analyses are given on four recent gravitational millilensing claims on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs): GRB 081122A, GRB 081126A, GRB 110517B, and GRB 210812A. Two tests, a light curve similarity test and a hardness similarity test, compare different temporal sections of a single GRB to see if they are statistically similar. The hardness similarity test shows that the ratio between the second and the first emission episodes in each energy channel differed from the same ratio averaged over all energy channels at above 90 per cent confidence level in GRB 081122A. Additionally, the light curve similarity test applied to GRB 081122A, GRB …

Future-Proofing The Past: Artificial Intelligence In The Restoration Of Andalusian Architectural Heritage: A Case Study Of The Alhambra Palace, Granada, Spain, Kholoud Bader Hasan Ghaith

Theses

This thesis explains the contribution of artificial intelligence in heritage restoration as an icon of Andalusian architecture by using the Alhambra as an example. The task of sustaining heritage is increasing dramatically due to the accumulation of heritage assets and the need for modern and innovative operations to cope with preservation tasks. Therefore, this thesis reviews the role of artificial intelligence in improving the restoration operation to improve accuracy and efficiency. I applied the case study as a scientific methodology to explain this work to overcome scientific and subjective obstacles, such as scarce data and software integration while explaining the …

Pcor Partnership Atlas, Wesley D. Peck, Kari Suedel, Kyle A. Glazewski, Kevin C. Connors, James A. Sorensen, Charles D. Gorecki, Brian P. Kalk, John A. Harju

EERC Maps and Infographics

The Plains CO₂ Reduction (PCOR) Partnership Atlas provides a profile of CO₂ sources and potential storage locations across the PCOR Partnership region. The revised sixth edition of the Atlas provides an up-to-date look at PCOR Partnership initiative activities, including additional regional characterization and updates on commercial projects. Additional background information on carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is included to give a better understanding of how CCUS addresses concerns about climate change while allowing future energy needs to be met.

Where The Rubber Meets The Road: Emerging Environmental Impacts Of Tire Wear Particles And Their Chemical Cocktails, Paul M. Mayer, Kelly D. Moran, Susanne Brander, Stacey L. Harper, Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo, Elise F. Granek, Multiple Additional Authors

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

About 3 billion new tires are produced each year and about 800 million tires become waste annually. Global dependence upon tires produced from natural rubber and petroleum-based compounds represents a persistent and complex environmental problem with only partial and often-times, ineffective solutions. Tire emissions may be in the form of whole tires, tire particles, and chemical compounds, each of which is transported through various atmospheric, terrestrial, and aquatic routes in the natural and built environments. Production and use of tires generates multiple heavy metals, plastics, PAH's, and other compounds that can be toxic alone or as chemical cocktails. Used tires …

Some Generalizations Of Corona Product Of Two Graphs, Aparajita Borah, Gajendra Pratap Singh

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper we are seeking to conceptualize the notion of corona product of two graphs to contrive some special types of graphs. That is, here our attempt is to regenerate a familiar graph as a product graph. We are considering seven familiar graphs here to reconstruct them with the help of corona product of two graphs. Such types of families of the graphs and operations can be used to study biological pathways as well as to find the optimal order and size for the special types of graphs.

A Novel Fuzzy Time Series Forecasting Method Based On Probabilistic Fuzzy Set And Cpbd Approach, Krishna Kumar Gupta, Suneet Saxena

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Probabilistic fuzzy set is used to model the non-probabilistic and probabilistic uncertainties simultaneously in the system. This study proposes a cumulative probability-based discretization and probabilistic fuzzy set based novel fuzzy time series forecasting method. It also proposes a novel discretization approach based on cumulative probability to tackle the probabilistic uncertainty in partitioning of datasets. Gaussian probability distribution function has been used to construct probabilistic fuzzy set. The advantage of the proposed work is that it addresses the uncertainties due to randomness and fuzziness simultaneously and also improves accuracy rate in time series forecasting. A proposed forecasting method is applied on …

Construction Of Normal Polynomials Using Composition Of Polynomials Over Finite Fields Of Odd Characteristic, Shalini Gupta, Manpreet Singh, Rozy Sharma

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

A monic irreducible polynomial is known as a normal polynomial if its roots are linearly independent over Galois field. Normal polynomials over finite fields and their significance have been studied quite well. Normal polynomials have applications in different fields such as computer science, number theory, finite geometry, cryptography and coding theory. Several authors have given different algorithms for the construction of normal polynomials. In the present paper, we discuss the construction of the normal polynomials over finite fields of prime characteristic by using the method of composition of polynomials.

On Constructions Of Maximum Distance Separable Pascal-Like Rhotrices Over Finite Fields, Neetu Dhiman, Mansi Harish, Shalini Gupta, Arun Chauhan

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Cryptography and coding theory are the important areas where Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) matrices are used extensively. The Pascal matrix plays vital role in combinatorics, matrix theory and its properties provide interesting combinatorial identities. Pascal matrices also have a wide range of applications in cryptography. In this paper, we define Pascal-like rhotrix, and further, we construct MDS Pascal-like rhotrices over finite fields.

Stability Of Predator-Prey Model For Worm Attack In Wireless Sensor Networks, Rajeev Kishore, Padam Singh

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we propose a predator-prey mathematical model for analyzing the dynamical behaviors of the system. This system is an epidemic model, and it is capable of ascertaining the worm's spreading at the initial stage and improving the security of wireless sensor networks. We investigate different fixed points and examine the stability of the projected model.

Addressing Educational Inequality In The United States: A Comparative Approach To The European System, Yi-Sheng Liu

Marquette Benefits and Social Welfare Law Review

This study compares educational inequality in the U.S. and Europe. Utilizing a comparative approach based on the Positive Obligations of the European Convention on Human Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, we expand on social contexts and objective facts to address how the U.S responds to educational inequality issues in contemporary constitutional interpretation (digital transformation and disparity, for example). We examine emerging issues in social change and expectations and discuss the rationale for constitutional legal norms to explain how these contribute to constitutional change. We suggest that the nation’s confrontation with educational inequality should be guided by …

A Profile Of Spatial Abilities In People With Down Syndrome, A. Bracken, J. Hauss, S. Grinshpun, D. Lasc, A. Hershkovich, Y. Yang

Department of Psychology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Spatial abilities are fundamental cognitive abilities, have direct applications in daily life, serve as a cognitive foundation for many other complex skills and are used in many specialty jobs. The current study aimed to systematically and comprehensively evaluate the spatial abilities of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) relative to mental ability-matched typically developing (TD) children based on Newcombe and Shipley's double-dimension theoretical framework for classifying spatial abilities. Methods: Forty adolescents and young adults with DS and 40 TD children completed a nonverbal intelligence test (Raven's), two measures of static–extrinsic skills (water-level task and cart task), two measures of static–intrinsic …

Procedures For Rangeland Condition Assessment In The Kimberley 2022, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development

Natural resources published reports

This report defines the procedures used in 2022 by DPIRD to complete rangeland condition assessment (RCA) in the Kimberley region which has grass-based pastures. For the rest of the pastoral estate, DPIRD uses the Procedures for RCA in the Pilbara and southern rangelands which have predominantly shrub pastures.

RCA is the process DPIRD uses to make systematic, lease-level assessment of rangeland. Rangeland condition considers both the condition of pastures (as defined in the 'Pasture condition guide for the Kimberley') and soils as determined by erosion, using the erosion assessment method on pastoral lands in Western Australia (WA). The methods have …

An Exploration Of The Effects And Clinical Presentations Of Premature Birth Within The Latinx Population, Diana Hill

Dissertations

There are roughly ten percent, or 15 million, preterm births every year across the world. Therefore, it is vital to understand the impact on their development across cognitive, academic, socioemotional, and behavioral levels. A vast amount of research has shown that children who are born prematurely are more at risk of facing challenges across various areas of their development. However, the majority of the research samples have been limited within their scope, leaving behind a gap in research focused on specific subgroups within the population. By delving into the unique context of the Latinx population, this study endeavors to shed …

Tourniquet Pressure Gradient Measurement Apparatus, Luis Enrique Perez, Elsa Elizabeth Bates

Biomedical Engineering

The goal of this project was to design a device that would measure pressure gradient data across the width of an elastic and inelastic tourniquet cuff using a human limb model. The main customer requirements that were focused on were to accurately measure the pressure from a tourniquet, keep the cost down, and be easy to use. The targeted design specifications were to read pressure values ranging from 0-400 mmHg, keep the test length under 5 minutes, and to keep the cost of materials under $400. The design of the device ended up consisting of 5 IV pouches that were …

Evaluation Of Sustainable Waste Valorization Using Treesoft Set With Neutrosophic Sets, Ali Alqazzaz, Karam M. Sallam

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study proposed a neutrosophic set framework with TreeSoft Set for sustainable waste valorization selection. The neutrosophic set is used to overcome uncertainty and vague information in the evaluation process. The neutrosophic set has three membership degrees: truth, indeterminacy, and falsity. The multi criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology deals with various criteria to evaluate waste valorization. The VIKOR method is an MCDM method used to rank the alternatives. The numerical example was created with 12 criteria and 10 alternatives. Three decision-makers and experts are invited to evaluate the requirements and options. We used the bipolar neutrosophic numbers to replace the opinions …

A Python Framework For Neutrosophic Sets And Mappings, Giorgio Nordo, Saeid Jafari, Arif Mehmood, Bhimraj Basumatary

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

In this paper we present an open source framework developed in Python and consisting of three distinct classes designed to manipulate in a simple and intuitive way both symbolic representations of neu trosophic sets over universes of various types as well as mappings between them. The capabilities offered by this framework extend and generalize previous attempts to provide software solutions to the manipulation of neutrosophic sets such as those proposed by Salama et al. [21], Saranya et al. [23], El-Ghareeb [7], Topal et al. [29] and Sleem [26]. The code is described in detail and many examples and use cases …

Soil Nitrate Prediction Using Ftir-Atr, Vis-Nir, And Raman Spectroscopy, Sabiha Ferdous

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with Attenuated total reflectance (ATR), Visible-Near Infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIR), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) are non-destructive techniques for rapid determination of nitrogen compounds in soil. Leveraging FTIR-ATR and Vis-NIR spectra using partial least squares regression (PLSR) modeling, the study aims to predict soil nitrate content and explored the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy to detect nitrate (NO₃^-), nitrite (NO₂^-), and ammonium (NH₄⁺) in soil. Soil samples were collected from four different fields, dried, sieved (2mm), and then used for collecting spectra (FTIR-ATR and Vis-NIR). Laboratory analysis was …

Existence And Uniqueness Of Solutions Of Sobolev Type Second Order Integrodifferential Equation, Kamalendra Kumar, Manish Nath Tripathi

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The primary concern of this article is to establish the existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence on initial data of mild solutions of second order mixed integrodifferential equations of Sobolev type in Banach spaces. For this objective, we employ the idea of strongly continuous cosine family of operators, the modified version of Banach theorem and Grownwall’s inequality. The model is demonstrated to elucidate the abstract conclusion.

Fuzzy Software Reliability And Optimal Release Policy With Log-Logistic Testing Effort: An Analysis, Seema Rani, Jitendra Kumar, N. Ahmad

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

We will discuss a Software Reliability Growth Model (SRGM) using fuzzy and imperfect debugging environments; we integrate Log-Logistic (LL) Testing Effort Function (TEF) into fuzzy SRGMs. Estimation methods, such as Least Square and Maximum Likelihood, are used to obtain the value of Testing-Effort and SRGMs parameters. It is not always possible and is constantly required to quantify the exact value of parameters. Due to human conduct, the value of Testing-Effort and SRGM parameters cannot be exactly quantified. In this scenario, parameters are supposed to be vague or fuzzy. To make the software consistent, the developer needs to propose some quantity …

Effects Of Magnetic Field And Chemical Reaction On A Time Dependent Casson Fluid Flow, Akhil Mittal, Harshad Patel, Ramesh Patoliya, Vimalkumar Gohil

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This research paper deals with the effect of chemical reactions and magnetic fields on the hydrodynamics fluid flow of Casson fluid. The novelty of this work is the inclusion of time-dependent flow across a vertical plate with a stepped concentration at the surface in a porous media. The stated phenomenon is modeled in the PDE system and is adapted in the ODE system through similarity transformation. The LT (Laplace Transform) and ILT (Inverse LT) are used to obtain the analytical results for regulating dimension-free movement, thermals, and concentration expression. The exact expression of shear rate, heat exchange rate, and mass …

Utilization Of Caputo Fractional Derivative In Mhd Nanofluid Flow With Soret And Thermal Radiation Effects, Harshad Patel, Gopal Nanda

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In existence of heat diffusion and thermal radiation, an analytical equation is found for unsteady MHD flow past an exponentially accelerating vertical plate in optically thick water based nanofluid. The governing equations are made dimensionless by similarity transformation. A definition of Caputo fractional derivative is applied to generalize governing system of partial differential equations. Laplace transform techniques are applied and obtained the analytical solutions of proposed problems. For a physical point of view, numerical results are obtained using MATLAB software and presented via graphs. From the results, it is concluded that magnetic fields tend to reduce velocity. It is also …

Identifying Rural Health Clinics Within The Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-Msis) Analytic Files, Katherine Ahrens Mph, Phd, Zachariah Croll, Yvonne Jonk Phd, John Gale Ms, Heidi O'Connor Ms

Rural Health Clinics

Researchers at the Maine Rural Health Research Center describe a methodology for identifying Rural Health Clinic encounters within the Medicaid claims data using Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS) Analytic Files.

Background: There is limited information on the extent to which Rural Health Clinics (RHC) provide pediatric and pregnancy-related services to individuals enrolled in state Medicaid/CHIP programs. In part this is because methods to identify RHC encounters within Medicaid claims data are outdated.

Methods: We used a 100% sample of the 2018 Medicaid Demographic and Eligibility and Other Services Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information System (T-MSIS) Analytic Files for 20 states …

Readers’ Workshop Model Impact Urban Primary Students’ Motivation And Reading Progress, Narissa Waller

Dissertations

In order to assess the impact of the Readers' Workshop on academic success and literacy progress of primary students in an urban Midwest primary school, the researcher conducted a study. Through this study, the researcher aimed to determine whether the implementation of the Readers' Workshop positively affected the academic and literacy progress of primary students in an urban setting. Student progress was analyzed by comparing their assessment scores and reading levels in fall 2022 and spring 2023. The study aimed to identify effective teaching practices that can be implemented to bridge the achievement gap between urban students and their counterparts. …

More Than ‘‘Responsible Ai” Bridging Artificial Intelligence Systems (Ais) And Aisystems Ethics Into Practice, Ruth Bankey

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

This article reflects on the question ‘‘how should we approach the ethics of AI and technology?” through the example of how the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) is working within this space to develop its Artificial Intelligence Systems (AIS) Ethics Lifelong Learning and Professional Development Strategy. This strategy is connected, but also acts as a critical counterpoint, to approaches to AI governance and accountability that are reliant on a notion of ‘‘Responsible AI”. In these contexts, responsible AI is understood as the regulatory adoption of ‘‘rules” diffused through a normative structure of hierarchical authority within the organization or business. Rather, this …

Association Between Short Birth Spacing And Child Malnutrition In Bangladesh: A Propensity Score Matching Approach, Foyez Ahmmed, Nahid Hasan, Faruk Hossain, Tareq Ferdous Khan

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of short birth spacing (SBS), which is defined as a period of less than 33 months between two successive births, on multiple concurrent forms of child malnutrition (MCFCM) and at least one form of child malnutrition (ALOFCM) using propensity score matching (PSM). Methods: This study used data extracted from the 2017- 18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. PSM with four different distance functions, including logistic regression, classification and regression tree, single hidden layer neural network and random forest, were performed to evaluate the effects of SBS on MCFCM and ALOFCM. We also …

Universality Class Of A Spinor Bose–Einstein Condensate Far From Equilibrium, Seung Jung Huh, Koushik Mukherjee, Kiryang Kwon, Jihoon Seo, Junhyeok Hur, Simeon I. Mistakidis, H. R. Sadeghpour, Jae Yoon Choi

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Scale Invariance And Self-Similarity In Physics Provide A Unified Framework For Classifying Phases Of Matter And Dynamical Properties Near Equilibrium In Both Classical And Quantum Systems. This Paradigm Has Been Further Extended To Isolated Many-Body Quantum Systems Driven Far From Equilibrium, For Which The Physical Observables Exhibit Dynamical Scaling With Universal Scaling Exponents. Universal Dynamics Appear In A Wide Range Of Scenarios, Including Cosmology, Quark–gluon Matter, Ultracold Atoms And Quantum Spin Magnets. However, How The Universal Dynamics Depend On The Symmetry Of The Underlying Hamiltonian In Non-Equilibrium Systems Remains An Outstanding Challenge. Here We Report On The Classification Of Universal …

Spec: A Soft Prompt-Based Calibration On Performance Variability Of Large Language Model In Clinical Notes Summarization, Yu-Neng Chuang, Ruixiang Tang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Xia Hu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Electronic health records (EHRs) store an extensive array of patient information, encompassing medical histories, diagnoses, treatments, and test outcomes. These records are crucial for enabling healthcare providers to make well-informed decisions regarding patient care. Summarizing clinical notes further assists healthcare professionals in pinpointing potential health risks and making better-informed decisions. This process contributes to reducing errors and enhancing patient outcomes by ensuring providers have access to the most pertinent and current patient data. Recent research has shown that incorporating instruction prompts with large language models (LLMs) substantially boosts the efficacy of summarization tasks. However, we show that this approach also …

Analysis And Comparison Of Hybrid Gold-Based Nanoparticles And Their Potential Use In Optical Spectroscopy And Cancer Nanomedicine, Hailey Miller, Alberto Rodriguez

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Collagen Morphology On Aerogel, John Mullen

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.

The Nontransitive Dice: New Results For A Statistical Paradox In A Game Of Chance, Noah Molder

QuaesitUM

No abstract provided.