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Research On The Immersive Experience Design Of Intangible Cultural Heritage Dance Based On Body Schema Theory, Wensi Dai, Yan Shuo Dec 2025

Research On The Immersive Experience Design Of Intangible Cultural Heritage Dance Based On Body Schema Theory, Wensi Dai, Yan Shuo

IASDR Conference Series

This study explores immersive experience design for Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) dance based on Body Schema Theory. By analyzing the triadic elements of body schema— corporeal subject, active space, and bodily imagery—we establish a theoretical framework for enhancing ICH dance transmission through digital immersion. Three design methodologies are proposed: coexistence of real-virtual dance bodies, construction of body- field interactive dance spaces, and reconstruction of inner cultural order. These approaches address challenges of homogenized symbol interpretation and low audience engagement by integrating multisensory feedback, physiological signal mapping, and culturally embedded narrative interaction. Case studies demonstrate how bodily perception and spatial dynamics …


Avian Experience In Urban Grotto: Ecological Soundscapes As A Biosemiotic Methodology In Multispecies Ethnographic Research And More-Than-Human Communication, Qingyu Zhang, Francesca Valsecchi Dec 2025

Avian Experience In Urban Grotto: Ecological Soundscapes As A Biosemiotic Methodology In Multispecies Ethnographic Research And More-Than-Human Communication, Qingyu Zhang, Francesca Valsecchi

IASDR Conference Series

Ecological soundscapes, once primarily regarded as carriers of environmental information, are increasingly understood as immersive, embodied experiences that offer experiential and ontological access to more-than-human worlds. Situated within the framework of more-than-human design, this research challenges anthropocentric paradigms by foregrounding ecological soundscapes as dynamic, sentient agencies that convey environmental meaning and social structures among non-human species. Through field-based, autoethnographic inquiry on crow vocal is ation in Vienna, the project 1) articulates a hybrid methodological approach combining deep listening, soundscape walks, and bio acoustic analysis; and 2) establishes a sonification process that translates the data from the multispecies ethnographic research into …


Strategic Internationalization Of A Moroccan Family Business: Richbond’S Expansion Across Africa, Essbaa Elmehdi Dec 2025

Strategic Internationalization Of A Moroccan Family Business: Richbond’S Expansion Across Africa, Essbaa Elmehdi

Audio & Video by Faculty: Webinars, interviews, documentaries, etc...

Research Questions and Objectives

Family businesses from emerging markets are increasingly pursuing regional expansion and strategic internationalization to diversify their activities, increase resilience, and reduce dependency on domestic markets. This research centers on Richbond, a distinguished Moroccan family-owned enterprise specializing in manufacturing and consumer goods, which has systematically developed a sophisticated internationalization strategy spanning both African regional markets and global economic landscapes. The study aims to provide a comprehensive analytical exploration of the processes, strategic considerations, and organizational dynamics that support Richbond's progressive business expansion. Specifically, the research seeks to address the following critical research questions:

• What motivational factors …


El Corazón Al Descubierto: Reflexiones Sobre Levítico 18.22, Renato Lings Dec 2025

El Corazón Al Descubierto: Reflexiones Sobre Levítico 18.22, Renato Lings

Conexión Queer: Revista Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Teologías Queer

The article explores the hermeneutical paradoxes of the book of Leviticus through the personal experience of Rabbi Steven Greenberg, whose encounter with Leviticus 18.22 transformed his relationship with the Torah and his own identity. Through rigorous textual analysis, the article questions traditional cis-heterosexist interpretations and examines the semantic complexity of the expression mishkebey ishshah [a wife’s bed]. The study shows how Leviticus—far from being a monolithic code—contains internal tensions, profound ethical elements, and a surprising openness toward neighbors and immigrants, inviting a critical and liberating reading.


Ctrl + Alt + Inner Speech: A Verbal–Cognitive Scaffold (Vcs) Model Of Pathways To Computational Thinking, Daisuke Akiba Dec 2025

Ctrl + Alt + Inner Speech: A Verbal–Cognitive Scaffold (Vcs) Model Of Pathways To Computational Thinking, Daisuke Akiba

Publications and Research

This theoretical paper introduces the Verbal–Cognitive Scaffold (VCS) Model, a cognitively inclusive framework which proposes the cognitive architectures underlying computational thinking (CT). Moving beyond monolithic theories of cognition (e.g., executive-function and metacognitive control models), the VCS Model posits inner speech (InSp) as the predominant cognitive pathway supporting CT operations in neurotypical populations. Synthesizing interdisciplinary scholarship across cognitive science, computational theory, neurodiversity research, and others, this framework articulates distinct mechanisms through which InSp supports CT. The model specifies four primary pathways linking InSp to CT components: verbal working memory supporting decomposition, symbolic representation facilitating pattern recognition and abstraction, sequential processing enabling …


Public Priorities For The Post-War Reconstruction Of Ukraine’S Energy Sector., Olena Savchenko, Vasyl Zhelykh, Khrystyna Kozak, Omar Al-Hafith, Joao Alencastro, Olugbenga Oladinrin, Ademola Adebayo Akinbami Dec 2025

Public Priorities For The Post-War Reconstruction Of Ukraine’S Energy Sector., Olena Savchenko, Vasyl Zhelykh, Khrystyna Kozak, Omar Al-Hafith, Joao Alencastro, Olugbenga Oladinrin, Ademola Adebayo Akinbami

School of Art, Design and Architecture

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has resulted in the large-scale destruction of many cities across the country. Although the war has not yet ended, there will come a time when the conflict concludes, and reconstruction efforts will begin. Global experiences show that the first step in preparing for post-war reconstruction is to assess the level of destruction. Additionally, it is essential to understand people’s needs and priorities. Otherwise, reconstruction activities may fail to address the existing challenges and actual needs of local communities. This study aims to explore post-war reconstruction priorities of Ukrainians, with special focus on the energy sector …


Preparing Teachers To Seek Out Student Voice: Grounding The Work In Critical Consciousness, Stephanie Mg Herb Dec 2025

Preparing Teachers To Seek Out Student Voice: Grounding The Work In Critical Consciousness, Stephanie Mg Herb

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Seeking out student voice is a powerful and beneficial practice that requires teachers to be thoughtful and intentional. While students may feel validated when teachers respond to their input, soliciting student voice can also be harmful if not done carefully. It is necessary to use a critically conscious lens when soliciting student voice and responding to their input and feedback to best support students with historically marginalized identities. Teachers must be prepared to seek out multiple perspectives, deeply listen, and take critical action in response to the information that the students provide. By doing so, teachers can create empowering learning …


Bridging Boundaries: Integration Of Culturally Relevant Resources, James D. Ware, Evan W. Stokes Dec 2025

Bridging Boundaries: Integration Of Culturally Relevant Resources, James D. Ware, Evan W. Stokes

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

This qualitative study examines the impact of culturally relevant resources on student engagement, motivation, and academic achievement in a language arts classroom. Since school curricula are increasingly scrutinized for their ability to reflect the historical and cultural diversity of student populations, this study investigates how integrating culturally relevant pedagogy can enhance learning outcomes. The study explores the student impact of blending culturally relevant teaching materials with traditional educational frameworks to foster a more inclusive and equitable classroom environment. By analyzing student feedback from a writing-intensive English course that utilized culturally relevant resources, the study seeks to provide insights into how …


Once Upon An Early Writing Experience: Connecting Memory With Literacy Instruction In Pre-Service Teacher Education, Jue Wang, Jingru Lu Dec 2025

Once Upon An Early Writing Experience: Connecting Memory With Literacy Instruction In Pre-Service Teacher Education, Jue Wang, Jingru Lu

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Through a narrative-based case study design, this research connects pre-service teachers’ early writing memories with their studies in writing instruction to explore how multi-layered and multi-faceted writing experiences across time and space influence teaching beliefs and practices. This article invites audiences to vicariously experience these pedagogical encounters, reflect on journeys to becoming writing teachers, and shed light onto the implications of teaching early writing. Comic artifacts and interview data were collected from nine pre-service teachers who learned to teach early writing/language arts in a four-year public university in the Inland Northwest. Based on the participants’ comics and narratives, four themes …


An Interdisciplinary Tabletop Simulation For Disaster Preparedness In Nursing Education, Lori Ann Minton, Gabri Warren, Lauren Rollins Lwanga Dec 2025

An Interdisciplinary Tabletop Simulation For Disaster Preparedness In Nursing Education, Lori Ann Minton, Gabri Warren, Lauren Rollins Lwanga

Biennial Convention (CONV)

The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary tabletop simulation on student learning outcomes and American Association of Colleges of Nursing core competences related to disaster preparedness.

Nurses deliver a variety of services in the community and acute care settings and have historically been highly active in volunteerism. Disaster preparedness education can prepare future nurses to meet the needs of their communities during these emergency situations. There are opportunities to provide disaster preparedness education to nursing students using the AACN competencies and domains related to disaster response through simulation.

This IRB reviewed mixed methods study …


“Shaping Academic Teaching At The Crossroads Of Ethics And Artificial Intelligence”, Workshop At Warsaw University Of Technology, Warsaw, 25 September 2024, Julia Braniewska, Bartłomiej Skowron Dec 2025

“Shaping Academic Teaching At The Crossroads Of Ethics And Artificial Intelligence”, Workshop At Warsaw University Of Technology, Warsaw, 25 September 2024, Julia Braniewska, Bartłomiej Skowron

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

This document is a report on the workshop, “Shaping Academic Teaching at the Crossroads of Ethics and Artificial Intelligence”, which formed a component of the “Ethics and AI” conference hosted by Warsaw University of Technology.


Leveraging Student Data To Assess, Inform, And Develop Teachers Capacities, Nathan D. Koerber, Kenneth J. Fasching-Varner Dec 2025

Leveraging Student Data To Assess, Inform, And Develop Teachers Capacities, Nathan D. Koerber, Kenneth J. Fasching-Varner

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

This quantitative study analyzed 47 survey responses to gauge in-service, pre-licensed teacher, and paraprofessional perceptions of cultural competency. Participants responded to the Central Vancouver Island Multicultural Society’s Cultural Competence Self-Assessment Checklist (Alpha = 0.7) to explore their awareness, knowledge, and skills in cultural competency. Moreover, through the application of Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) as a theoretical framework, this study highlighted how these perceptions related to culturally responsive teaching and provided several implications for their future preparation to further develop their cultural competency through the tenets of CRT. The analysis identified participant unfamiliarity with privilege and its impact, as well as …


In-Between Spaces: First-Generation College Immigrant Experiences, Silvina Alamo Sousa-Ransford Dec 2025

In-Between Spaces: First-Generation College Immigrant Experiences, Silvina Alamo Sousa-Ransford

Dissertations and Theses

It is human nature to seek a sense of belonging, acceptance, and community. College students also share this desire for connection in higher education, but some face more barriers and challenges. This study examined the experiences of first-generation college students who are also immigrants. The goal was to understand how to best support students in college, including through academic advising, at a four-year research university in the Pacific Northwest. To gain insight into the students' experiences, I interviewed participants using narrative qualitative methods guided by the framework of sense of belonging and analyzed the data utilizing Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model. The …


The Role Of Religion In Ensuring National Security In Kazakhstan, Nurzhan Arystanbekuly Tursin Nur, Mukhan Issakhan, Shamshadin Kerim, Kovalev Dmitriy, Kalimash Begalinova Dec 2025

The Role Of Religion In Ensuring National Security In Kazakhstan, Nurzhan Arystanbekuly Tursin Nur, Mukhan Issakhan, Shamshadin Kerim, Kovalev Dmitriy, Kalimash Begalinova

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

This article explores the foundations of state policy aimed at ensuring religious stability in Kazakhstan. It analyzes the scientific basis of religious studies, principles of tolerance toward the country’s traditional religions, and the role of religion in maintaining national security. The methodology, goals, and objectives of the study are shaped by the interdisciplinary nature of the subject. The research examines state and interfaith relations, the development of freedom of religion, its integration into domestic and international law, and ways of resolving legal contradictions, traditions, and stereotypes. The theoretical framework relies on the works of domestic and foreign scholars devoted to …


The Rhetorical Discourse Of Uniate Writers’ Polemic Literature Of The End Of The 16th – First Half Of The 17th Century In The Retrospection Of Oratory's History, Ruslan Tkachuk Dec 2025

The Rhetorical Discourse Of Uniate Writers’ Polemic Literature Of The End Of The 16th – First Half Of The 17th Century In The Retrospection Of Oratory's History, Ruslan Tkachuk

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The examination of the poetics inherent in the polemical prose authored by Uniate writers during the late 16th and the first half of the 17th centuries holds substantial significance for comprehending rhetoric as a pivotal element in the stylistic evolution of Ukrainian literature throughout this period. The objective of this article is to explore the interrelationship between the works of Uniate polemicists and the framework of classical rhetoric, particularly by elucidating the functioning of rhetorical figures and argumentation techniques within their texts. To accomplish this aim, a range of literary methodologies were employed. Those methods included historical-cultural, comparative-historical, biographical, structural-analytical, …


Orthodoxy, Culture And Language: Alaska In Russia’S Religious Diplomacy Of The 21st Century, Oleksandr Lukyanenko Dec 2025

Orthodoxy, Culture And Language: Alaska In Russia’S Religious Diplomacy Of The 21st Century, Oleksandr Lukyanenko

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article is devoted to the analysis of the religious factor of the Russian foreign diplomacy in the light of Vladimir Putin’s high-profile visit to Alaska n August 15, 2025. The paper studies a special place of Alaska in the historical imagination of Russian political and church discourse. The status of this particular territory in Russian state worldview – the former “Russian America” – is indicative: it refers to the idea of an unfinished imperial legacy. The research doesn’t touch a main event that included a meeting with US President Donald Trump but an off-schedule meeting with Archbishop Alexei (Trader) …


Book Review: Ecologies Of Inequity. How Disaster Response Reconstitutes Race And Class Inequality, Abel Traslaviña-Arias Dec 2025

Book Review: Ecologies Of Inequity. How Disaster Response Reconstitutes Race And Class Inequality, Abel Traslaviña-Arias

Critical Disaster Studies

In Ecologies of Inequity: How Disaster Response Reconstitutes Race and Class Inequality, Sancha Doxilly Medwinter gathered diverse stories about how various migrant communities had to overcome not only disaster but also the overlapping networks established by those who were supposed to support them in 2012 in New York City. Medwinter portrays this contested post-disaster landscape through a thorough data recording of 120 individuals affiliated with various groups: racialized migrants or locals, tenants or property owners, local or external helpers, and those from wealthy or impoverished backgrounds. Ecologies of Inequity refer to the spatialized networks of organizational and interpersonal relations …


Pre-Service Teacher Preparation In Over/Underrepresentation Of Students From Culturally Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds In Special Education: A Systematic Review Of State-Level Policies, Enso Yushu Liu Dec 2025

Pre-Service Teacher Preparation In Over/Underrepresentation Of Students From Culturally Linguistically Diverse Backgrounds In Special Education: A Systematic Review Of State-Level Policies, Enso Yushu Liu

Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Teachers’ Perspectives On Text Selection In A Time Of Book Bans And Censorship, Natalie Sue Svrcek, Kathleen Colantonio-Yurko, Henry "Cody" Miller Dec 2025

Teachers’ Perspectives On Text Selection In A Time Of Book Bans And Censorship, Natalie Sue Svrcek, Kathleen Colantonio-Yurko, Henry "Cody" Miller

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The last 4 years of headlines describing the various book bans and curricular gag orders happening in the United States serve as an important context for P–12 teachers’ daily work. This article describes the findings from a qualitative survey that sought to understand what influences P–12 teachers’ text selection for teaching and for inclusion in their classroom library in the aforementioned context. Teachers reported stakeholders who held decision-making power as well as which stakeholders were influential in their text selection. Three overarching themes emerged from teachers’ most influential factors in their text selection: social and communal influences, literary content and …


Perma Well-Being Model And Profiler: Arabic Translation And Validation Among The Saudi Adult Population, Ebtesam Abdullah Alzeiby, Aljawharh Ibrahim Alsukah, Nourah Abdulrhman Algadheeb, Ali Faris Alamri, Monira Abdulrahman Almeqren, Uzma Zaidi Dec 2025

Perma Well-Being Model And Profiler: Arabic Translation And Validation Among The Saudi Adult Population, Ebtesam Abdullah Alzeiby, Aljawharh Ibrahim Alsukah, Nourah Abdulrhman Algadheeb, Ali Faris Alamri, Monira Abdulrahman Almeqren, Uzma Zaidi

College of Nursing Faculty Publications

Background/Objective: Psychological scales hold significant importance, measuring cultural sensitivity, experiences, values, and emotional expressions while controlling individuals’ biases regarding certain cultures. Arabic is used in a widespread, predominantly Middle Eastern and North African region, but it has diverse expressive variations. Therefore, the value of translating and validating scales lies in their compatibility with cultural norms. This study focuses on measuring the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the widely used PERMA-Profiler to assess the general well-being of the Saudi adult population.
Methods: Using stratified sampling, (N = 2927) Saudi adults were recruited via various electronic and social media.
Results: The …


Large Language Models As Machines Of Beauty: Cognitive Averaging, Latent Space Geometry, And The Entropic Foundations Of Aesthetic Preference, Daniel Plate, James Hutson Dec 2025

Large Language Models As Machines Of Beauty: Cognitive Averaging, Latent Space Geometry, And The Entropic Foundations Of Aesthetic Preference, Daniel Plate, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

This study advances the position that large language models (LLMs) and human perceptual systems are governed by a shared computational drive toward prototypicality, entropy reduction, and aesthetic coherence. Drawing on developmental evidence that infants exhibit early preferences for facial symmetry and averageness, the analysis situates aesthetic preference within broader research on processing fluency and predictive coding, emphasizing that biological perception rewards stimuli that reduce uncertainty and support efficient information compression. This foundation is used to examine how LLMs, through cross-entropy optimization, perplexity minimization, and latent space clustering, converge on high-density representational regions that operate as statistical prototypes of linguistic and …


The Artful Aging Project, Maria Carmelita Fernandez, Sah'neya Fryer, Kathleen Morris, Maya Price Dec 2025

The Artful Aging Project, Maria Carmelita Fernandez, Sah'neya Fryer, Kathleen Morris, Maya Price

ELMSN E-Portfolio. A collection of Scholarly and Creative Works

As the older adult population in Sacramento County continues to expand, addressing age-related declines in fine motor function, cognition, and social well-being has become increasingly critical. Such declines can compromise activities of daily living, reduce independence, and exacerbate risks associated with social isolation. Evidence suggests that art-based interventions may mitigate these effects by enhancing motor coordination, promoting social engagement, and stimulating cognitive processes. The Artful Aging Project was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of structured art activities in improving fine motor skills and social wellness among older adults served by the Stanford Settlement Neighborhood Center (SSNC). Grounded in community-based participatory …


Utep Oer Newsletter December 2025, Maria Teresa Torres, Inspire Dec 2025

Utep Oer Newsletter December 2025, Maria Teresa Torres, Inspire

OER Newsletters

No abstract provided.


Beyond Loper Bright: Iterative Construction At The National Labor Relations Board, Fred B. Jacob, Anne Marie Lofaso Dec 2025

Beyond Loper Bright: Iterative Construction At The National Labor Relations Board, Fred B. Jacob, Anne Marie Lofaso

UC Law Journal

“[The agency’s actions] express an intuition of experience which outruns analysis and sums up many unnamed and tangled impressions—impressions which may lie beneath consciousness without losing their worth. The board was created for the purpose of using its judgment and its knowledge.”
- Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, 1907

Trust matters. In the 1935 National Labor Relations Act, Congress entrusted the heavy responsibility of protecting labor peace to a board of experts and an administrative agency, both steeped with experience in resolving labor disputes and fluent in the science of industrial relations. This was no accident. For decades prior, federal courts …


An Introduction To The Ai Special Issue And A Modern Framework For Ai In Sport Management, Jun Woo Kim, Vitaly Ford Dec 2025

An Introduction To The Ai Special Issue And A Modern Framework For Ai In Sport Management, Jun Woo Kim, Vitaly Ford

Journal of Applied Sport Management

This paper introduces the special issue while also exploring the theoretical foundations and practical applications of AI in sport management, guided by Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (Russell & Norvig, 2021). The manuscript examines AI’s evolution from rule-based systems to large language models (LLM)–driven intelligent agents and classifies the technology into five major subfields—machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, reinforcement learning, and AI agency. Using real-world sport industry examples and recent academic research, this paper presents a modern taxonomy of AI’s role in sport management, articulates managerial implications, and outlines future research directions necessary for sustainable and ethical integration …


Beyond Comprehension: Why Tax Code Complexity Necessitates Irs Deference, Doron Narotzki, Tamir Shanan, Julianne Jones, Ori Barel, Yifat G. Ben-Yaakov, Tomer Surujon, Revital Yusupov, Or Haim Anidjar Dec 2025

Beyond Comprehension: Why Tax Code Complexity Necessitates Irs Deference, Doron Narotzki, Tamir Shanan, Julianne Jones, Ori Barel, Yifat G. Ben-Yaakov, Tomer Surujon, Revital Yusupov, Or Haim Anidjar

UC Law Business Journal

This Article argues that deference to Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) interpretations is essential for the effective interpretation of U.S. federal income tax law due to the technical demands inherent in this uniquely complex area. The U.S. federal income tax code, often considered one of the most intricate legal systems, consists of dense, specialized language, nuanced policy considerations, economic theories, and frequently updated provisions. Judges, as generalists, face a daunting challenge in interpreting this complex, ever-evolving body of law without the specialized expertise that the IRS professionals bring. Frequent amendments further add to this complexity, layering additional provisions that require in-depth …


Reviving Civil Discourse: A Leadership Imperative In The Age Of Polarization, Katie Herritage Dec 2025

Reviving Civil Discourse: A Leadership Imperative In The Age Of Polarization, Katie Herritage

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

This paper examines the current erosion of civil discourse as a pressing leadership challenge in an era defined by polarization and distrust. Civil discourse, the respectful and constructive exchange of ideas, underpins democratic societies yet is increasingly undermined by hostile rhetoric and deepening societal divides. Drawing on servant-leadership and relational leadership theory, this study explores how leaders can counteract this decline by fostering trust, empathy, and open dialogue. The discussion is grounded in the philosophical contributions of bell hooks, Friedrich Nietzsche, Viktor Frankl, Mahatma Gandhi, and Martin Luther King, Jr., whose ideas illuminate pathways for revitalizing civil discourse through compassion, …


Orientation Or Disorientation? A Critical Content Analysis Of Refugee Cultural Orientation Curriculum., Amanda Jean Lacey Dec 2025

Orientation Or Disorientation? A Critical Content Analysis Of Refugee Cultural Orientation Curriculum., Amanda Jean Lacey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cultural Orientation (CO) is a free, legally mandated, multi-session program intended to provide refugee newcomers ages 18-65 with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to integrate and achieve self-sufficiency in the United States. Despite occurring at a critical time in the resettlement process, there has been almost zero scholarship analyzing the content or efficacy of domestic CO curriculum. This dissertation addresses that gap by performing a Critical Content Analysis (CCA) on The Road Ahead (TRA), the de facto official CO curriculum promoted through the Cultural Orientation Resource Exchange (CORE). Framed by a postcolonial perspective and informed by the …


The Impact Of Supply Chain Structure Diversification On High-Quality Development: A Moderating Perspective Of Digital Supply Chains, Fei Song, Mark Wu, Ruizhi Liu Dec 2025

The Impact Of Supply Chain Structure Diversification On High-Quality Development: A Moderating Perspective Of Digital Supply Chains, Fei Song, Mark Wu, Ruizhi Liu

Business Faculty Publications

This study examines how supply chain structure diversification drives high-quality enterprise development in the digital economy. Using panel data from Chinese listed non-financial firms (2009–2023), we find that diversification of both suppliers and customers significantly improves firms’ total factor productivity (TFP), and the results remain robust after controlling for endogeneity. Mechanism analyses show that diversification enhances innovation capability, sustainability performance, and risk resilience, while digital supply chains strengthen these effects by improving information flow and coordination. Heterogeneity tests reveal that the impact is greater for firms with higher operational efficiency, cultural synergy, and information transparency. Overall, the findings highlight that …


The Equal Pay Act’S Hidden Loophole: Eliminating Prior Compensation As A “Factor Other Than Sex”, Madeleine Bol Dec 2025

The Equal Pay Act’S Hidden Loophole: Eliminating Prior Compensation As A “Factor Other Than Sex”, Madeleine Bol

Fordham Law Review

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 (EPA or the “Act”) prohibits employers from engaging in sex-based wage discrimination. The Act includes four exceptions that allow an employer to circumvent liability, the last of which allows for pay disparities when the “differential [is] based on any other factor other than sex.” The language of this exceedingly broad exception raises questions among courts on what “other than sex” entails—specifically, whether a court can rely on an employee’s prior compensation to justify a pay disparity between employees of the opposite sex. This Note examines how federal circuit courts have interpreted this catchall exception. …