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Wearable Technology Detects Altered Cod Strategies In Football Players Post-Aclr Without Impacting Completion Time., Joao Marques Nov 2025

Wearable Technology Detects Altered Cod Strategies In Football Players Post-Aclr Without Impacting Completion Time., Joao Marques

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study examines COD performance and biomechanics in professional football players with a history of ACLR compared to healthy controls, using wearable technology. Kinematics and vertical force were recorded during 90° side-step cutting. Mixed model analysis and Statistical Parametric Mapping compared COD completion time, kinetics, and kinematics between limbs and groups. No significant differences were found in COD time between limbs (p = 0.52) or groups (p = 0.65). However, the involved limb showed greater ankle dorsiflexion and lower vertical force during the penultimate contact (p = 0.002). The involved limb also showed lower knee flexion angles during the plant …

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Differences In Trunk And Hip Isokinetic Strength Performance Among Cheerleaders With Varying Somersault Technical Levels, Yi-Zhu Liao, Shih-Chung Cheng, Wen-Tzu Tang Nov 2025

Differences In Trunk And Hip Isokinetic Strength Performance Among Cheerleaders With Varying Somersault Technical Levels, Yi-Zhu Liao, Shih-Chung Cheng, Wen-Tzu Tang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

啦啦隊中的站立後空翻 (SBTS) 需要精確的速度控制和軀幹-臀部協調，並依靠特定肌肉的力量。雖然 SBTS 通常可以實現，但更高級的站立全空翻 (SF) 需要更大的力量。這項研究評估了 17 名啦啦隊在 3 種不同速度（軀幹：30-120°/s；臀部：60-300°/s）下的軀幹和臀部等速力量。參與者根據技能分組：僅 SBTS（NSF，n = 9）和同時進行 SBTS 和 SF（SF，n = 8）。雙向變異數分析顯示 SF 組的髖部屈曲峰值扭矩明顯較大（p < .05）。髖部伸展的顯著交互作用顯示 NSF 中 300°/s 和 180°/s 時的扭矩下降（p < .05），而在 SF 中沒有觀察到。研究結果強調了強大的髖屈肌和保持高速髖伸展對於空翻動作的重要性，為有針對性的啦啦隊訓練提供了指導。

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Effect Of Hamstring Strength Intervention On Lower Extremity Biomechanics Of Sprinting, Shangxiao Li, Weiya Hao, Shufang Yuan Nov 2025

Effect Of Hamstring Strength Intervention On Lower Extremity Biomechanics Of Sprinting, Shangxiao Li, Weiya Hao, Shufang Yuan

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hamstring strength intervention on the lower extremity biomechanics. Fourteen college students volunteered to participate in this study, and underwent three weekly sessions of hamstring strength intervention for eight weeks. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data during a sprint test (40 m) were collected before and after the intervention. The hip flexion angle, knee flexion angle at touch down and peak knee flexion angle instant, and peak knee extension moment during stance phase showed significant decreases in the post-intervention test compared to the pre-intervention test. The hip and knee joints were …

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Shoulder Kinematics Of Overhead Throwing In Male Professional And Semi-Professional Cricketers, Jordan Leondiris Mr., Janine Gray Dr., Megan Dutton Dr., Yumna Albertus Associate Prof. Nov 2025

Shoulder Kinematics Of Overhead Throwing In Male Professional And Semi-Professional Cricketers, Jordan Leondiris Mr., Janine Gray Dr., Megan Dutton Dr., Yumna Albertus Associate Prof.

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Throwing in sports is one of the most aggressive and vigorous actions performed by the upper extremity. The purpose of this study was to investigate overhead throwing shoulder kinematics between two different throwing approaches in cricket, throwing from a static versus dynamic position following a run-up. The study sample included twenty (N=20) male professional/semi-professional cricketers. Shoulder kinematic variables were investigated during two different throwing approaches. Dynamic throwing produced significantly greater ball velocity than static throwing. However, shoulder internal rotation velocities at ball release showed no significant differences across static versus dynamic conditions and shoulder kinematics remained largely consistent, except for …

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The Effect Of Augmented Reality Glasses On Elderly And Young Adults – A Preliminary Study, Sangyup Lee, Melissa Mache, Chengtu Hsieh Nov 2025

The Effect Of Augmented Reality Glasses On Elderly And Young Adults – A Preliminary Study, Sangyup Lee, Melissa Mache, Chengtu Hsieh

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Falls are a major concern among older adults, often linked to gait adaptations influenced by aging and environmental factors. This study examined the effects of augmented reality (AR) glasses on gait in young and older adults under three conditions: walking without AR glasses (W/O), with AR glasses (AR), and with AR glasses while performing a cognitive task (AR + CQ). Twelve participants (six younger, six older) walked on a treadmill at their preferred speed while gait was analysed using OpenCap. Compared to younger adults, older adults exhibited shorter stride length and narrower step width under AR conditions. Younger adults showed …

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Head Impact Differences Between Male And Femal Judo Practitoners During Sparring Practice: A Secondary Analysis Of An Exploratory Study, Sentaro Koshida, Takanori Ishii, Hiroshi Kubota, Tatsunari Hasegawa, Chinami Nakagawara, Hiroshi Churei Nov 2025

Head Impact Differences Between Male And Femal Judo Practitoners During Sparring Practice: A Secondary Analysis Of An Exploratory Study, Sentaro Koshida, Takanori Ishii, Hiroshi Kubota, Tatsunari Hasegawa, Chinami Nakagawara, Hiroshi Churei

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Although judo carries a high risk of head injuries, primarily due to throws, empirical data on head impact characteristics during sparring practice remains limited. This study examined differences between males and females in head impact frequency and magnitude among collegiate judo practitioners. Nine athletes were monitored using mouthguard-type inertial sensors to measure head linear and rotational accelerations during practice. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) estimated that head impact frequency was higher in female practitioners (10.9 impacts/hour; 95% CI: 4.8–25.0) compared to males (3.7 impacts/hour; 95% CI: 1.4–9.5; rate ratio: 2.96, p = 0.09). In contrast, model-estimated peak linear acceleration (PLA) …

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A Pilot Study To Evaluate Sagittal Kinematic Variables In Accelerated Run Using Openpose Markerless Motion Capture System, Mizuki Kitamura, Mitsuo Otsuka Nov 2025

A Pilot Study To Evaluate Sagittal Kinematic Variables In Accelerated Run Using Openpose Markerless Motion Capture System, Mizuki Kitamura, Mitsuo Otsuka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study evaluated the agreement between OpenPose markerless and marker-based methods in analyzing sprint start performance. Four male students performed ten sprint starts. The Bland-Altman test for average center of mass (COM) horizontal velocity from the beginning motion to 1-m position of the OpenPose markerless method showed a fixed bias of -0.02 m/s, 95% limits of agreement (LoA) from −0.10 to 0.06 m/s, and a proportional bias of r = −0.47. For the 1-m running time, fixed bias was −0.00 s, 95% LoA ranged from −0.09 to 0.09 s, and proportional bias was r = 0.39. In the calculation of …

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Biomechanical Analysis Of Standing Long Jump For Different Focus Of Attention, Arata Kimura Nov 2025

Biomechanical Analysis Of Standing Long Jump For Different Focus Of Attention, Arata Kimura

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematics of the center of mass (COM) under varying attentional focus conditions during the standing long jump. Participants performed jumps under three focus conditions: control, internal focus, and external focus. The findings showed no statistically significant differences in jump distances across conditions. However, for most participants, the shortest jump distance was not observed under the external focus condition. The number of participants who showed the shortest jump distance in the external focus condition was 1 out of 14. These results suggest that external focus of attention can prevent poor jump performance …

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Can A New Rule Adapted Takeoff Zone Improve Approach-Run And Takeoff Motions In Long Jump?, Yosuke Kido, Mizuki Kitamura, Fumiaki Kobayashi, Mitsuo Otsuka Nov 2025

Can A New Rule Adapted Takeoff Zone Improve Approach-Run And Takeoff Motions In Long Jump?, Yosuke Kido, Mizuki Kitamura, Fumiaki Kobayashi, Mitsuo Otsuka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of implementing the new long-jump rule with a takeoff zone, which is currently proposed by World Athletics, on the approach-run and takeoff movements. Ten male collegiate jumpers specializing in horizontal jumping events participated in the experiment. The main finding was no significant difference of effective distances was observed between the proposed and conventional trials. This may due to the fact that no significant differences of maximal horizontal center of mass (COM) velocity, horizontal COM velocity at the landing of takeoff, and takoff angle were observed between the proposed and conventional …

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Characterizing Cardiac-Locomotion Synchronization And Heart Rate/Gait Cycle Fluctuations: A Pilot Study, Minato Kawaguchi, Kousuke Meguro, Kentaro Takahashi Nov 2025

Characterizing Cardiac-Locomotion Synchronization And Heart Rate/Gait Cycle Fluctuations: A Pilot Study, Minato Kawaguchi, Kousuke Meguro, Kentaro Takahashi

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated cardiac-locomotion synchronization (CLS) during indoor treadmill and outdoor free walking, examining its environmental differences and relationships with heart rate/gait rhythm variability. Twelve participants used wearable ECG and accelerometer sensors for data collection during self-paced brisk walking. We analysed the last 10 minutes of stable walking, calculating mean period, coefficient of variation, and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) slope α. CLS was quantified by the 'Sync rate', the temporal proportion of consistent gait cycle to R-R interval ratios. Results showed significantly higher Sync rates in outdoor walking. Outdoor gait rhythm fluctuation α tended to decrease with increased Sync rate. …

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Comparison Of Thorax And Pelvis Motion During Iron Club Golf Swing Between Female And Male Skilled Golfers, Karolina Kanova, Jiri Skypala, Pavel Brtva, Roman Farana Nov 2025

Comparison Of Thorax And Pelvis Motion During Iron Club Golf Swing Between Female And Male Skilled Golfers, Karolina Kanova, Jiri Skypala, Pavel Brtva, Roman Farana

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study compared thorax and pelvis biomechanics in male and female golfers using an iron club, analysing eight skilled golfers (4 female, 4 male) with over 10 years of experience and a handicap below 10. The aim was to compare the biomechanics and movement variability of thorax and pelvis motion during the golf swing between genders. Biomechanical analysis was conducted using a combination of marker-based and markerless motion capture systems, focusing on the downswing. Results showed gender- based differences in 3D angular displacement, with significant movement variability in pelvic lateral tilt across all downswing phases (top of backswing, mid-downswing, and …

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The Stability Of Variability – Multiday Reliability Of Sample Entropy In Submaximal Hop And Strength Tasks In Elite Athletes, Daniel Kadlec, Jake Cowin, Kat Daniels, Matthew J Jordan, Matt Miller-Dicks, Shayne Vial, Sophia Nimphius Nov 2025

The Stability Of Variability – Multiday Reliability Of Sample Entropy In Submaximal Hop And Strength Tasks In Elite Athletes, Daniel Kadlec, Jake Cowin, Kat Daniels, Matthew J Jordan, Matt Miller-Dicks, Shayne Vial, Sophia Nimphius

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to determine the multiday reliability in submaximal continuous hops and submaximal isometric squats from the ground reaction force signals. Twelve elite team-sport athletes completed submaximal isometric squats at 40% and 60% of their maximal voluntary isometric contraction and submaximal continuous hopping at 2 Hz, 2.5 Hz, and a self-selected frequency for 30 s, respectively, over four sessions. Sample entropy was calculated from the force-time data. Good-to-excellent reliability (ICC2,k > 0.75) was observed for submaximal hopping frequencies (Hop2.0, Hop2.5) following one session and for isometric squats at 60% MVIC from the initial session. These data …

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Simulating The Effect Of Measurement Error On Stride Time Detrended Fluctuation Analysis, Ben D. M. Jones, David L. Carey, Jon Wheat, Kane Middleton, Ben Heller Nov 2025

Simulating The Effect Of Measurement Error On Stride Time Detrended Fluctuation Analysis, Ben D. M. Jones, David L. Carey, Jon Wheat, Kane Middleton, Ben Heller

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity of running stride time detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) to simulated noise and the impact of noise on reliability measures. Varying magnitudes of Gaussian and uniform noise were added to series of touchdown event timings from 11 runners. DFA-α were calculated for ground truth and simulated stride time series. Simulated series were paired and test-retest ICC estimates computed. The error in DFA-α increased with noise magnitude, with stride time series transitioning from persistent to anti-persistent behaviour for greater magnitudes of noise. However, median ICC estimates stayed above 0.95 for all standard …

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The Relationship Between Vertical Jump Height And Residual Force Depression In Knee Extensors, Iseul Jo, Hae-Dong Lee Nov 2025

The Relationship Between Vertical Jump Height And Residual Force Depression In Knee Extensors, Iseul Jo, Hae-Dong Lee

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated the relationship between vertical jump performance and history-dependent muscle force depression. Maximum isometric knee extension torque was measured following a stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) or shortening-only (SHO) contraction and compared to a reference isometric contraction (ISO) at 20°. Residual force depression (rFD) was observed as 14.5% after SSC and 4.9% after SHO. Squat jump (SJ) height was positively correlated with peak concentric torque in the SHO–ISO condition, whereas countermovement jump (CMJ) height showed no significant relationship. Both jump heights showed strong positive correlations with rFD, suggesting that individuals with greater rFD tended to achieve higher jump performance. These …

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Integrating System Dynamical Principles Of Motor Learning In A Biomechanic Training System In Rowing, Thomas Jaitner, Kevin Nolte Nov 2025

Integrating System Dynamical Principles Of Motor Learning In A Biomechanic Training System In Rowing, Thomas Jaitner, Kevin Nolte

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Measurement and information technologies for the optimization of movement technique are well established in high performance sports. While measurement technologies and biomechanical aspects of sport performance are well investigated, the underlying models for technique training do not represent the state of research in motor learning and therefore have been criticized. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a biomechanic training device based on system-dynamics principles of motor learning in high-performance rowing. Eight elite rowers completed a three-week training experiment in which the intervention group had to replicate varying strength curves. All subjects in the intervention group …

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Changes In Arm And Leg Swing During A 400 M Sprint, Ryo Iwasaki, Sakie Nobuoka Nov 2025

Changes In Arm And Leg Swing During A 400 M Sprint, Ryo Iwasaki, Sakie Nobuoka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The present study aimed to clarify the changes in arm and leg swing between the early and late phases of a 400 m sprint. Nine male and eight female sprinters performed a 400 m sprint at maximum effort. Inertial measurement units were attached to the distal thighs and forearms to quantify arm and leg swing. Segmental angular data were analysed and compared between the early and late phases of the sprint. Leg swing amplitude was significantly reduced in the late phase compared to the early phase (average %Δ = -48.8), whereas arm swing amplitude increased (average %Δ = +160.8), and …

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Theoretical Analysis Of The Addition Effect Of Knee Flexion And Extension Movement Of The Swinging Leg On Horizontal Velocity In Men-Uchi: Comparison With Experimental Data, Shunngo Itai, Nobuyuki Sakai, Toshiyuki Kurihara Nov 2025

Theoretical Analysis Of The Addition Effect Of Knee Flexion And Extension Movement Of The Swinging Leg On Horizontal Velocity In Men-Uchi: Comparison With Experimental Data, Shunngo Itai, Nobuyuki Sakai, Toshiyuki Kurihara

ISBS Proceedings Archive

剣道は日本の伝統武道一つであり、最も基本的な技は面打ちである。 この動作において踏み出し足となる右足の動作に関する研究はほとんど行われていない。 本研究は、右膝の適切な屈曲のタイミングと角度を見極めることを目的とする。体験者3名が面打ち動作の測定のために採用され、右膝の角度と両足の間の角度が測定された。

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Validity Of A Velocity-Based Training Device For Assessing Peak Force, Velocity, And Power In Medicine Ball Throws: A Pilot Study, Kazuhiro Ishimura Nov 2025

Validity Of A Velocity-Based Training Device For Assessing Peak Force, Velocity, And Power In Medicine Ball Throws: A Pilot Study, Kazuhiro Ishimura

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This pilot study examined the validity of a wearable VBT device for measuring peak velocity, force, and power during vertical medicine ball throws. Two participants each performed nine throws while wearing the device, and a single high-speed camera tracked only the medicine ball. Velocity and power were computed from ball position using video-based analysis. The VBT device showed strong correlations for velocity (r = 0.945, bias = –2.01 ± 1.17 m/s) and force (r = 0.969, bias = –64.16 ± 28.31 N), but power showed a weak correlation (r = 0.150, bias = 277.8 ± 337.1 W) and high variability. …

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Effect Of Medicine Ball Mass On Trunk Internal Rotation Kinetics During Punch Throw Exercise In Collegiate Baseball Pitchers: A Pilot Study, Shinji Ishikawa, Mizuki Kitamura, Mitsuo Otsuka Nov 2025

Effect Of Medicine Ball Mass On Trunk Internal Rotation Kinetics During Punch Throw Exercise In Collegiate Baseball Pitchers: A Pilot Study, Shinji Ishikawa, Mizuki Kitamura, Mitsuo Otsuka

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this pilot study was to clarify the effect of different medicine ball loads on the trunk longitudinal rotational kinetics during the punch throw exercise. Three male right-handed players from a university baseball club participated in this study. The mass of medicine ball used in the experiment trial was set to 1 kg, 3 kg, and 5 kg, which are commonly used in general training. It was found that the peak positive trunk rotation power was higher in the heavier trials and this was not caused by the larger negative trunk internal power. Oppositely, the peak horizontal medicine …

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Impact Techniques For Controlling Ball Trajectories Height In Soccer Instep Kicking, Koichiro Inoue, Neal Smith, Hiroyuki Nunome Nov 2025

Impact Techniques For Controlling Ball Trajectories Height In Soccer Instep Kicking, Koichiro Inoue, Neal Smith, Hiroyuki Nunome

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The present study aims to illustrate the distinct characteristics of foot motion during ball impact by comparing kicks with different ball launching angles. Seven male soccer players performed 42 trials of soccer instep kicking, targeting two different heights (High and Low). Three cameras recorded the ball impact at 2000 Hz. The ball contact point was near the centre for the low target but approximately 10 mm below it for the high target. While the foot swung downward in both cases, its direction was more horizontal for the high target. A greater abduction tilt was observed for the high target, whereas …

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Comparison Of Segmental Dynamics Between Soccer Side Volley Kick And Instep Kick, Tsuyoshi Iitake, Hiroyuki Nunome Prof. Nov 2025

Comparison Of Segmental Dynamics Between Soccer Side Volley Kick And Instep Kick, Tsuyoshi Iitake, Hiroyuki Nunome Prof.

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The present study aimed to clarify differences in segmental dynamics between the side-volley kick and the instep kick in soccer. Three-dimensional lower body motion (500 Hz) was captured during both types of kicks of twenty male soccer players. Joint angular velocities, resultant joint torque and interaction torque due to joint reaction forces of the kicking leg were computed using inverse dynamics. Statistical Parametric Mapping was used to compare these time-series changes. Despite the side-volley kick generating significantly smaller hip flexion torque than the instep kick, the hip joint angular velocity of the side-volley kick was comparable to that of the …

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Plantar Fascia Stiffness Accounts For Individual Variance In Its Strain During Hopping At Different Frequencies In Females, Ayaka Hobo, Hiroto Shiotani, Kosuke Hirata, Hiyo Inaba, Natsuki Sado Nov 2025

Plantar Fascia Stiffness Accounts For Individual Variance In Its Strain During Hopping At Different Frequencies In Females, Ayaka Hobo, Hiroto Shiotani, Kosuke Hirata, Hiyo Inaba, Natsuki Sado

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The plantar fascia (PF) behaves like a spring during bouncing gait, whereas its strain is a potential risk factor for plantar fasciitis. PF strain in bouncing gait is determined theoretically by complex foot dynamics, involving numerous active and passive foot structures, but the determinants of its individual variability remain unclear. Here we show the high relevance of PF stiffness to its strain in hopping by 11 females. PF stiffness, assessed as shear wave velocity, correlates with peak PF strain in hopping at different frequencies (1.8, 2.6, 3.4 Hz). The variance accounted for increases with increasing hopping frequency (from 49 to …

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Assessing The Impact Reduction Capabilities Of Gamebreaker Softshell Headgear In Drop Tests, Annette G. Heward-Swale, George Stilwell, Nick Draper, Natalia Kabaliuk Nov 2025

Assessing The Impact Reduction Capabilities Of Gamebreaker Softshell Headgear In Drop Tests, Annette G. Heward-Swale, George Stilwell, Nick Draper, Natalia Kabaliuk

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Softshell headgear is marketed to reduce head impact intensity in contact sports like rugby; however, evidence supporting this remains limited. This study investigated whether selected headgear models, GameBreaker-Pro, a novel GameBreaker-Prototype and a World Rugby (WR) Law 4 approved headgear, attenuate impact intensity under controlled drop test conditions. Peak linear acceleration (PLA), peak rotational acceleration (PRA), and peak rotational velocity (PRV) were measured on a Hybrid III headform fitted with this headgear. Drop tests were conducted from 15-60 cm at five head impact orientations. All headgear reduced impact kinematics relative to the bare headform. GameBreaker headgear achieved 14-22% greater reductions …

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Neuromuscular And Muscle Morphological Advantage Of Power-Trained Athletes Improves Hip Extension Torque At High Velocities, Andras Hegyi, Luca Mezei, Fabien Leboeuf, Annamaria Peter, Aurélie Sarcher, Antoine Nordez, Giuseppe Rabita, Gaël Guilhem, Lilian Lacourpaille Nov 2025

Neuromuscular And Muscle Morphological Advantage Of Power-Trained Athletes Improves Hip Extension Torque At High Velocities, Andras Hegyi, Luca Mezei, Fabien Leboeuf, Annamaria Peter, Aurélie Sarcher, Antoine Nordez, Giuseppe Rabita, Gaël Guilhem, Lilian Lacourpaille

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the intermuscular distribution of hamstring muscle volume, muscle excitation, and torque production capacity of hip extensors in power-trained (sprint-based) athletes compared to a strength-trained control group. We found higher semitendinosus volume in the power-trained group. The electromyography activity increased with increasing contraction velocity only in the power-trained group, with significant between-group differences observed in the semitendinosus and biceps femoris at high velocity hip extension. Power-trained athletes were stronger during concentric contractions, particularly at high contraction velocities. These results explain possible morphological and neuromuscular mechanisms to increase propulsive force in high-speed running, which …

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The Influence Of Pinch Holds' Width On The Mechanics And Muscular Activity Characteristics Of The Pinch Technique For Advanced Climbers, Weiya Hao, Yaohan Huang, Shangxiao Li, Yuting Peng Nov 2025

The Influence Of Pinch Holds' Width On The Mechanics And Muscular Activity Characteristics Of The Pinch Technique For Advanced Climbers, Weiya Hao, Yaohan Huang, Shangxiao Li, Yuting Peng

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aims to explore the effects of pinch holds’ width on the mechanics and muscle activity characteristics of the pinch technique in sport climbing. 22 climbers completed maximum gripping or pinching biomechanic test of a jug hold and two pinch holds with different width. The resultant traction force, traction force components, the utilization ratio of traction forces and root mean square (RMS) amplitude of the electromyography (EMG) signals of upper limb muscles were collected. Compared to the jug, traction force decreased by 6%-19% when using the broad pinch and 31%-46% with the narrow pinch (all P < 0.05). The RMS of the pectoralis major, biceps brachii, and latissimus dorsi showed the pattern: jug > the broad pinch …

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Interaction Between The Midsole And Plate In Running Shoes Modifies The Energy Strategy Of The Mtp Joint During Running, Soo-Ji Han, Jusung Lee, Sanghyuk Han, Seongjun Kim, Jongchul Park Nov 2025

Interaction Between The Midsole And Plate In Running Shoes Modifies The Energy Strategy Of The Mtp Joint During Running, Soo-Ji Han, Jusung Lee, Sanghyuk Han, Seongjun Kim, Jongchul Park

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated biomechanical differences of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint according to midsole materials (EVA, PEBA) and carbon plate insertion. Ten male runners performed overground running at 3.89 m/s (±5%) under four footwear conditions. Discrete outcome variables included active and critical stiffness (Kactive, Kcr), push-off time, peak propulsion force, and MTP power transition timing, while statistical nonparametric mapping (SnPM) was applied to joint power. PEBA without a plate did not provide a propulsion advantage but reduced energy loss and enabled more effective joint control than EVA. In contrast, the addition of a plate to EVA facilitated a faster roll-off with …

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The Effect Of Changing Depth And Speed On Ground Reaction Forces During Squat, Ihsen M. Hamed, Hafiz H. Abdalla, Rony Ibrahim Nov 2025

The Effect Of Changing Depth And Speed On Ground Reaction Forces During Squat, Ihsen M. Hamed, Hafiz H. Abdalla, Rony Ibrahim

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study examined the combined effects of squat depth and speed on three-dimensional ground reaction force (GRF) patterns during bodyweight squats in 18 male participants. Imposed speed squats were about twice as fast as preferred speed, and peak knee flexion increased with depth: 99° (partial), 115° (half), and 130° (full). GRFs were measured with dual force plates and analyzed using one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Slow-paced squats generated higher GRFs at the beginning and end of the movement, whereas fast tempo squats yielded a sharper vertical GRF during the bottom transition phase. Squat depth primarily affected horizontal …

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Are On-Field Peak Patellar Tendon Force Estimations From Kinematics And Kinetics Viable? An Exploratory Analysis, Michiel Hagen, Jasper Verheul, Wouter Meynendonckx, Simran Chandani, Yoni Dochez, Margot Vanpachtenbeke, Danilo Santos Catelli, Sabine Verschueren, Jos Vanrenterghem Nov 2025

Are On-Field Peak Patellar Tendon Force Estimations From Kinematics And Kinetics Viable? An Exploratory Analysis, Michiel Hagen, Jasper Verheul, Wouter Meynendonckx, Simran Chandani, Yoni Dochez, Margot Vanpachtenbeke, Danilo Santos Catelli, Sabine Verschueren, Jos Vanrenterghem

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The objective of this study was to explore the potential of peak patellar tendon force estimations across a broad variety of physical exercises based on sagittal plane kinematic and kinetic parameters. Seven patients with patellar tendinopathy and seven healthy individuals performed 24 exercises. Peak patellar tendon forces were calculated through advanced musculoskeletal modelling. Four relevant exercise categories were identified: (1) squats / lunges / step downs, (2) jumping / hopping push-off, (3) jumping / hopping landing and (4) jumping / hopping plyometric. The adjusted R2 values of the regression analyses from kinematic data alone varied between 0.177 and 0.601 …

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Sex-Related Differences In Trail Running Biomechanics: A Field Study, Matteo Genitrini, Stephanie Moore, Hermann Schwameder Nov 2025

Sex-Related Differences In Trail Running Biomechanics: A Field Study, Matteo Genitrini, Stephanie Moore, Hermann Schwameder

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Trail running is an emergent endurance discipline. The aim of this work was to compare male and female trail runners for biomechanics in a field study. This would contribute to design more sex-specific training protocols. Fourteen participants carried out a trail running test wearing a full body motion capture system. In uphill sections, male athletes showed longer stride length, resulting from more effective trunk kinematics and hip-trunk coordination. In downhill sections, female athletes showed a more efficient hip-knee coordination pattern, resulting in better safety. To improve performance and mitigate risk of falls, females may focus on reducing trunk range of …

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Spatiotemporal Sprint Parameters Of Adults With Achondroplasia During The World Dwarf Games 2023 – Preliminary Results, Johannes Funken, Bennet Brüsehof, Jan-Peter Goldmann, Carola Birk, Svea Lüdorff, Aleksei Ratnikov, Oliver Semler Nov 2025

Spatiotemporal Sprint Parameters Of Adults With Achondroplasia During The World Dwarf Games 2023 – Preliminary Results, Johannes Funken, Bennet Brüsehof, Jan-Peter Goldmann, Carola Birk, Svea Lüdorff, Aleksei Ratnikov, Oliver Semler

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Spatiotemporal sprint parameters play a crucial role in analyzing and optimizing sprint performance. While well-documented in average-height athletes, little research exists on individuals with dwarfism. This study examines sprint kinematics in adults with achondroplasia during the World Dwarf Games 2023, providing new insights into their biomechanical adaptations. The analysis explores key relationships between kinematic variables, revealing that athletes with achondroplasia rely more on step frequency, likely compensating for shorter limb lengths, compared to average-height sprinters. This research offers initial reference values for sprint performance in this population and will inform training and rehabilitation programs tailored to their specific biomechanical needs.

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