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A Scenario-Based Analysis On The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Public Sector, Private Sector, And International Business, Charles Nastopoulos

Senior Theses

Drawing on four years of academic education received from the #1 International Business Program at the Darla Moore School of Business at the University of South Carolina Honors College, this is a comprehensive and forward-thinking strategic thought piece addressing the international business world and its potential post-pandemic reality. This thesis will answer the overarching question: What are the short- and long-term impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on international business?

Educational Session To Improve The Knowledge And Confidence Of State Agency Surveyors In Deficiency Citation Of Immediate Jeopardy Findings In Nursing Homes, Aileen Renolayan, Msn, Ma, Rn, Phn

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: The oversight of nursing homes is a shared federal-state responsibility. Under the agreement with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS, 2018), state survey agencies assess nursing homes using standard surveys. Several studies indicate that the type of deficiencies issued to nursing facilities varies significantly by state, suggesting inconsistency in the survey process for issuing deficiencies. For example, variation in Immediate Jeopardy (IJ) citations among state agency surveyors has been the subject of reports from the Government Accountability Office (GAO, 2019) and the Office of the Inspector General (OIG, 2014).

Objective: To determine if a 1-hour educational session about …

Genetic Removal Of Toxin And Integrase Genes From A Staphylococcal Bacteriophage, Hannah Sparks

Graduate Theses & Non-Theses

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect and kill bacterial cells. Phages are the most numerous biological entities on Earth, with an estimated population size of 10³¹ (1). Discovery, purification, and characterization of phages illuminate the composition of the microbial world and provide potential applications in medicine. To combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, phages are being investigated as supplements or alternatives to antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a commonly acquired infection in hospitals that has become difficult to treat due to its resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat ordinary S. aureus infections (20). Bacteriophage, JB, isolated from dairy …

Novel De Novo Genome Of Cynopterus Brachyotis Reveals Evolutionarily Abrupt Shifts In Gene Family Composition Across Fruit Bats, Balaji Chattopadhyay, Kritika M. Garg, Rajasri Ray, Ian H. Mendenhall, Frank E. Rheindt

KIP Articles

Major novel physiological or phenotypic adaptations often require accompanying modifications at the genic level. Conversely, the detection of considerable contractions and/or expansions of gene families can be an indicator of fundamental but unrecognized physiological change. We sequenced a novel fruit bat genome (Cynopterus brachyotis) and adopted a comparative approach to reconstruct the evolution of fruit bats, mapping contractions and expansions of gene families along their evolutionary history. Despite a radical change in life history as compared with other bats (e.g., loss of echolocation, large size, and frugivory), fruit bats have undergone surprisingly limited change in their genic composition, perhaps apart …

Mercury And Other Trace Metal Analysis In Bat Guano, Amanda Lee Houchens

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Heavy metal pollution in the environment pose risks to ecosystems and the populations that reside in them. Mercury, lead, and cadmium negatively impact humans by way of neurological disorders, various cancers, and damage the reproductive organs, kidneys, and lungs. Bats have been studied as a bioindicator species to identify possibly elevated levels of these metals in the environment. Previous studies have identified correlation between metal concentrations within bat tissues and fur. Many bat species are endangered or at risk due to white-nose syndrome so collection of tissues and fur for analysis can impose stress on bat colonies. This study investigates …

Assay Development For Isolation And Characterization Of Anticancer Properties Of Marine Fungi, Kyra Ricci

Honors Theses

Metabolites from fungi have potential use in the drug discovery process and have been used in the past to develop therapeutic agents for human use. Initial characterization of potential therapeutic properties of fungi is thus an important first step in identifying novel therapeutic compounds. In the present study, marine fungi were isolated from Myrtle Beach and assayed for anticancer properties using the soft agar colony formation assay in a 3D in vitro cellular environment. Many species were isolated from environmental samples, displaying unique morphologies and growth patterns. To optimize the soft agar assay in a six-well cell culture plate for …

Kujdesi Infermieror Në Menaxhimin E Infeksioneve Intrahospitalore, Sidorela Pulaj

Theses and Dissertations

Infeksionet intrahospitalore (brenda spitalit) ose të quajtura ndryshe infeksione nozokomiale përkufizohen si infeksione që nuk kanë qënë të pranishme apo nuk janë në fazën e inkubimit në momentin e pranimit te pacientit në spitale. Termi nozokomial ka origjinë nga greqishtja nozos (sëmundje) dhe komein (përkujdesje) dhe nënkupton infeksionet që janë marrë si rrjed- hojë e përkujdesjes mjekësore. Infeksionet intrahospitalore janë të gjitha infeksionet që mer- ren 48 orë deri në 72 orë pas shtrimit të pacjentit në spital, pra infeksionet spitalore janë marrja e një infeksioni tjetër plus gjatë qëndrimit në spital. (Misini, et.al, 2012).

Qëllimi i këtijë punimi ka …

Njohuritë E Prindërve Rreth Vaksinimit Të Fëmijëve Kundër Sëmundjeve Ngjitëse, Xheneta Shabani

Theses and Dissertations

Duke qenë se shëndeti është gjëja kryesore për të gjithë, sidomos për ne si profesionistë shëndetësor, duhet që ne çdo hap që e bëjmë drejt ruajtjes dhe përmirësimit të tij. Si infermierë të rinjë, kjo është ndër detyrat tona primare që mund ta arrijmë përmes punës dhe edukimit tonë. Në temën time kam trajtuar njohuritë e prindërve rreth vaksinimit të fëmijëve kundër sëmundjeve ngjitëse, pikërisht temë e cila ka zgjuar shumë interes te prindërit e rinjë. Duke qenë se rëndësia e vaksinimit është mjaft e madhe tek një popullatë për të qenë sa më e shëndetshme, është e nevojshme që …

Insights Into The Intracellular Localization, Protein Associations And Artemisinin Resistance Properties Of Plasmodium Falciparum K13, Nina F. Gnädig, Barbara H. Stokes, Rachel L. Edwards, Gavreel F. Kalantarov, Kim C. Heimsch, Michal Kuderjavy, Audrey Crane, Marcus C. S. Lee, Judith Straimer, Katja Becker, Ilya N. Trakht, Audrey R. Odom John, Sachel Mok, David A. Fidock

Open Access Publications

The emergence of artemisinin (ART) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum intra-erythrocytic parasites has led to increasing treatment failure rates with first-line ART-based combination therapies in Southeast Asia. Decreased parasite susceptibility is caused by K13 mutations, which are associated clinically with delayed parasite clearance in patients and in vitro with an enhanced ability of ring-stage parasites to survive brief exposure to the active ART metabolite dihydroartemisinin. Herein, we describe a panel of K13-specific monoclonal antibodies and gene-edited parasite lines co-expressing epitope-tagged versions of K13 in trans. By applying an analytical quantitative imaging pipeline, we localize K13 to the parasite endoplasmic reticulum, Rab-positive …

Tattoo Adversity, Regret, And Removal: Constructivist Grounded Theory, Luis R. Esparza

Dissertations

To date, unique tattoo designs and inks have become a trend (Mao & De Joseph, 2012). Regrettably, trendy tattoos have brought many forms of tattoo adversity. Tattoo adversity can include tattoo regret, tattoo-related health complications, and tattoo artist -tattooed relational betrayal (Birrell & Freyd, 2006). The purpose of this study was to explore the events, circumstances, and experiences that comprise tattoo adversity to such a degree that an individual would seek tattoo removal. The researcher utilized constructivist grounded theory to understand participants’ experiences of tattoo adversity leading to tattoo removal. Interview data illuminated participants’ tattoo regret, pain, and aspirations while …

Delivering Infectious Disease Interventions To Women And Children In Conflict Settings: A Systematic Review, Sarah Meteke, Marianne Stefopulos, Daina Als, Michelle Gaffey, Mahdis Kamali, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Reena P. Jain, Shailja Shah, Amruta Radhakrishnan, Anushka Ataullahjan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Background: Conflict has played a role in the large-scale deterioration of health systems in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and increased risk of infections and outbreaks. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the literature on mechanisms of delivery for a range of infectious disease-related interventions provided to conflict-affected women, children and adolescents.
Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL and PsychINFO databases for literature published in English from January 1990 to March 2018. Eligible publications reported on conflict-affected neonates, children, adolescents or women in LMICs who received an infectious disease intervention. We extracted and synthesised information on delivery characteristics, including delivery …

Viral Social Media Videos Can Raise Pro-Social Behaviours When An Epidemic Arises, Youting Guo, Jason Shachat, Matthew J. Walker, Lijia Wei

ESI Working Papers

At the onset of an epidemic, can viral social media videos induce the high levels of trust and pro-sociality required for a successful community response? Shortly after the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus in Wuhan, China, we conducted an experiment assessing the impact of viral videos on individual preferences and pro-social behaviour. Prior to the experiment, participants viewed one of three videos culled from Chinese social media: a central government leader visiting a local hospital and supermarket, health care volunteers transiting to Wuhan, or an emotionally neutral video unrelated to the emergency. Viewing one of the first two videos leads …

'The Miracle Mothers And Marvelous Babies': Psychosocial Aspects Of Surrogacy - A Narrative Review, Ansha Patel, Pratap Kumar, P. S.V.N. Sharma

Open Access archive

Surrogates are described in literature as true angels 'who make dreams happen.' On the other hand, surrogacy has also been surrounded by several psychosocial controversies. In this review, we have made an attempt to encapsulate this topic from the multiple perspectives of individuals who are involved in the surrogacy cycle. We present to the readers the various outlooks and dilemmas of the clinicians, patient parties contracting for surrogacy, the child born out of surrogacy, and the intricate role of the mental health professionals in surrogacy arrangements. The review also throws light upon the psychosocial issues in connection to the evolving …

Vaccinate Her? I Hardly Know Her!: Understanding Vaccine Hesitancy, Zachary M. Marcum

Honors Theses

Vaccines are a first defense against highly communicable diseases such as measles. For vaccines to protect the population, a vast majority must be vaccinated to maintain herd immunity. Vaccine hesitancy is delaying vaccination from the suggested schedule or refusing vaccination outright. The hesitance is commonly portrayed as a lack of knowledge or scientific literacy. But highly educated people are still just as likely to be hesitant. The basis of hesitance is likely ethically similar to that of vaccination. Understanding the methods of the vaccine hesitant will better inform attempts to persuade them. Individuals have an obligation to the community to …

Systematic Review Of Integrating Care To Improve Quality Of Life Within Chronically Diseased Patients With Mental Illness, Brooke R. Goble

Honors Theses

Chronic disease and mental illness affects a multitude of individuals in the United States. Sufficient treatments exist for chronic diseases and mental illnesses, separately. However, a gap in care exists in individuals who have co-occurring conditions. The presence of one or more chronic conditions, or comorbidities, has been observed by several providers, yet there is a crucial need for integrated care in the case of chronically diseased individuals with mental illness. Increasing quality of life within this vulnerable population is a necessity. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine whether integrated care and collaboration between behavioral health and …

Substance Abuse: The Impact Of Maternal Drug Use On Families, Anne Kinsman

Honors Theses

This research study was conducted through interviews at Liberty Place in Richmond, Kentucky, a rehabilitation center for women. The women who volunteered to participate in this study at Liberty Place had to have at least one child. The six participants were asked eight questions regarding their experiences as a mother at Liberty Place. They were also invited to do a painting activity to create a canvas to honor mothers like them seeking treatment at Liberty Place. This honors thesis highlights issues that arise when a mother is abusing substances. There are countless problems that family members may face when someone …

Optimal Control Of An Epidemic Through Social Distancing, Thomas Kruse, Philipp Strack

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We analyze how to optimally engage in social distancing in order to minimize the spread of an infectious disease. We identify conditions under which any optimal policy is single-peaked, i.e., first engages in increasingly more social distancing and subsequently decreases its intensity. We show that an optimal policy might delay measures that decrease the transmission rate substantially to create herd-immunity and that engaging in social distancing sub-optimally early can increase the number of fatalities. Finally, we find that optimal social distancing can be an effective measure and can substantially reduce the death rate of a disease.

Comparison Of Multi-Parallel Qpcr And Double-Slide Kato-Katz For Detection Of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection Among Children In Rural Bangladesh, Jade Benjamin-Chung, Nils Pilotte, Ayse Ercumen, Jessica R. Grant, Jacqueline R.M.A. Maasch, Andrew M. Gonzalez, Ashanta C. Ester, Benjamin F. Arnold, Mahbubur Rahman, Rashidul Haque, Alan E. Hubbard, Stephen P. Luby, Steven A. Williams, John M. Colford

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

There is growing interest in local elimination of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection in endemic settings. In such settings, highly sensitive diagnostics are needed to detect STH infection. We compared double-slide Kato-Katz, the most commonly used copromicroscopic detection method, to multi-parallel quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in 2,799 stool samples from children aged 2–12 years in a setting in rural Bangladesh with predominantly low STH infection intensity. We estimated the sensitivity and specificity of each diagnostic using Bayesian latent class analysis. Compared to double-slide Kato-Katz, STH prevalence using qPCR was almost 3-fold higher for hookworm species and nearly 2-fold higher for …

The Impact Of Dental Caries On Oral Health Related Quality Of Life Amongst Adult Population In Lahore, Pakistan, Hazik Bin Shahzad, Faiza Awais, Um-E-Rubab Shirazi, Hanna Abdul Majeed, Aqeela Rafique, Maliha Shahbaz

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Dental caries in adults is a public health problem. A comprehensive assessment of the association between caries and Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) measures is essential for understanding how it impacts the daily life of people and for assessing their oral health needs.

Methods: The survey was conducted at Rashid Latif Dental Hospital, from March-June 2019. A total of 373 adults aged 18-80 years were randomly enrolled in the study. Dental caries was the main exposure, measured clinically. The OHRQoL was measured through Oral Impacts on Daily performance (OIDP) questionnaire. Caries was dichotomized and the relationship to …

A Bioinformatics Study: Differential Analysis Of Hsv-1 And The Live-Attenuated Vaccine Vc2 To Determine Biological Implications In Enhanced Protection Against Lethal Hsv-1 Infection, Hebah Shaikh

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Review Of Racial Disparities: Healthcare, Health Outcomes, And Outreach Programs, Lauren Bagneris

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Joint International Consensus Statement For Ending Stigma Of Obesity, Francesco Rubino, Rebecca M. Puhl, David E. Cummings, Robert H. Eckel, Donna H. Ryan, Jeffrey I. Mechanick, Joe Nadglowski, Ximena Ramos Salas, Phillip R. Schauer, Douglas Twenefour, Caroline M. Apovian, Louis J. Aronne, Rachel L. Batterham, Hans Rudolph Berthoud, Camilo Boza, Luca Busetto, Dror Dicker, Mary De Groot, Daniel Eisenberg, Stuart W. Flint, Terry T. Huang, Lee M. Kaplan, John P. Kirwan, Judith Korner, Ted K. Kyle, Blandine Laferrère, Carel W. Le Roux, La Shawn Mciver, Geltrude Mingrone, Patricia Nece, Tirissa J. Reid, Ann M. Rogers, Michael Rosenbaum, Randy J. Seeley

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

People with obesity commonly face a pervasive, resilient form of social stigma. They are often subject to discrimination in the workplace as well as in educational and healthcare settings. Research indicates that weight stigma can cause physical and psychological harm, and that affected individuals are less likely to receive adequate care. For these reasons, weight stigma damages health, undermines human and social rights, and is unacceptable in modern societies. To inform healthcare professionals, policymakers, and the public about this issue, a multidisciplinary group of international experts, including representatives of scientific organizations, reviewed available evidence on the causes and harms of …

Inspire : Vol 3, Issue 4, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

Content

• Message From the Chair
• COVID-19: Crisis Inspiring Virtual Innovations
• Nephrology and Urology Simulation-based Workshops
• Featured Faculty: Dr Saad Shafqat
• “Take exemplary care of your patients. If you do that with honesty and ability, all good things will follow”
• Publications

Development And Diagnostic Application Of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus (Sads-Cov), Molly Kroeger

Schultz-Werth Award Papers

Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a member of the Coronaviridae family. The virus is associated with severe small intestine inflammation and diarrhea in suckling piglets. In 2017, SADS-CoV was first detected and identified as the causative agent of a devasting swine disease outbreak in southern China. Routine monitoring and early detection of the source of infection is therefore integral to the prevention and control of a SADS-CoV outbreak in the United States. However, the United States does not currently have any diagnostic or surveillance tests to identify this emerging disease. To address these industry needs, we developed monoclonal …

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis For Preventing Acquisition Of Hiv: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Patients, Prescribers, Uptake, And Spending In The United States, 2015-2016, Stephanie S. Chan, Andre R. Chappel, Karen E. Joynt Maddox, Karen W. Hoover, Ya-Lin A. Huang, Weiming Zhu, Stacy M. Cohen, Pamela W. Klein, Nancy De Lew

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: In 2015, there were approximately 40,000 new HIV diagnoses in the United States. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective strategy that reduces the risk of HIV acquisition; however, uptake among those who can benefit from it has lagged. In this study, we 1) compared the characteristics of patients who were prescribed PrEP with individuals newly diagnosed with HIV infection, 2) identified the specialties of practitioners prescribing PrEP, 3) identified metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) within the US where there is relatively low uptake of PrEP, and 4) reported median amounts paid by patients and third-party payors for PrEP.

METHODS AND …

The Domestic And Global Implications Of Considering Non-Us Origin A Risk Factor For Tuberculosis In The United States, Emma Gile 20

Honor Scholar Theses

No abstract provided.

Stunting And Infectious Disease In Ethiopian And Zambian Children, Alyssa Arndt

NUTR/GLST 498b: Global Research Experiences in Nutrition and Health

PURPOSE: To evaluate whether children who are malnourished/stunted are more likely to have experienced infectious disease.

METHODS: 6th and 7th students (n=546) were interviewed about health history and assessed using anthropometry.

RESULTS: Children who are short for their age also have higher rates of stunting. Malaria is the most experienced infectious disease.

CONCLUSIONS: Given that malaria was the most common infectious disease experience listed among middle school children, and that those who have experienced disease are more likely to be stunted, increased malaria prevention methods may improve the long-term health of Ethiopian and Zambian schoolchildren.

Occurrence And Persistence Of Antibiotics Administered To Cattle In A Newly Established Feedlot, Brittany Trejo

Department of Environmental Engineering: Theses and Other Student Research

The common practice of using therapeutic antibiotics in livestock farming is a worldwide phenomenon. Over the last decade, there has been a growing concern of antibiotics entering the environment via animal manure. Similar studies have focused on the occurrence and biological effects of antibiotics in land-applied animal feedlots; however, limited research has been conducted on the occurrence and persistence of antibiotics in animal feedlots. A study was conducted to investigate the occurrence and persistence of four injected antibiotics (ceftiofur enrofloxacin, florfenicol, and tulathromycin) and two continuously fed antibiotics (monensin and tylosin) in feedlot sediment, runoff, and sediment runoff. For antibiotics …

The Effects Of Racialization On Skeletal Manifestations Of Disease Among Migrants In Historic St. Louis, Missouri, Kristina M. Zarenko

Theses and Dissertations

This research investigates the biological effects of racialization on migrants in late nineteenth and early twentieth century St. Louis, Missouri. Racialization is a form of structural violence in which real or perceived physical differences contribute to the creation of hierarchical racial categories along a continuum of whiteness. German and Irish immigrants and African American migrants from the South came to St. Louis in search of economic prosperity and in an attempt to escape poverty, famine, or conflict in their places of origin. However, racialization affected each migrant group’s access to housing and employment as well as their exposure to violence. …

2020 Imsaloquium, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy

IMSAloquium Event Booklets

Welcome to IMSAloquium 2020. This is IMSA’s 33rd year of leading in educational innovation, and the 32nd year of the IMSA Student Inquiry and Research (SIR) Program.