Digital Commons Network^™

Health Consequences Of Low Energy Availability In Females And Their Underlying Physiological Mechanisms, Grace Parry

Senior Honors Theses

Low energy availability (LEA) is a state in which energy intake is insufficient to support energy expenditure while maintaining energy balance, which has been shown to result in gastrointestinal distress, immunosuppression, reduced metabolic rate, menstrual dysfunction, diminished bone health, and impaired cardiovascular function in females. Alterations to the microbiome and mucosal lining may propagate gastrointestinal complaints and compromised immune function associated with LEA. The pathophysiology of LEA is otherwise largely driven by hormonal adaptations. Diminished production of thyroid hormones is known to contribute to reduced metabolic rate. Decreases in leptin and insulin and increases in ghrelin disrupt reproductive function through …

Flexible Materials And Applications For Wearable Sensors, Brock Ferrari

Senior Honors Theses

This literature review aimed to address the limitations of rigid wearable sensors in the medical community by investigating the development of flexible materials for remote health monitoring. A keyword search was conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Jerry Falwell Library, which yielded 9,102 articles. After applying filtering techniques, the results were narrowed down to 21 articles, which were categorized into "Present Market Conditions," "Flexible Materials for Medical Use," "Applications for Wearable Sensors," and "Potential Use Cases." Discussions were held on prominent materials such as substrate, nanocomposite, and liquid metal materials, exploring their potential applications for chemical and physical sensing, …

Volume Change Measurements Of Cancer Cells In A Microfluidics Platform, Yukuan Yu

Theses and Dissertations

Understanding the function of aquaporins in transcellular transport is vital for homeostasis, pathophysiology, and translational potential in AQP-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Microfluidics device has the potential to evaluate the function of aquaporins with precise control and manipulate micro-scale fluid due to good optical quality and short processing distance. This work has two parts: cell culture in a microfluidic chip to characterize aquaporins’ function and visualization of single cell volume change under osmotic pressure shock in a homemade imaging dish. For the first part, we established a microfluidics platform for future modification and measurement of the dynamic volume change of biological …

Small Demos, Big Impacts When Teaching Exercise Physiology, Erin White

Educational Practices in Kinesiology

Comprehension of exercise physiology topics as an undergraduate student can be difficult. Thus, finding creative ways to present material can improve student comprehension and retention. The purpose of the three demonstrations presented will teach three concepts to lower-division students in an undergraduate Exercise Physiology course (prerequisite knowledge in college-level Human Anatomy and Human Physiology courses). These demonstrations take place in-person, in the classroom, with an estimated total time commitment of approximately10 minutes. The purpose of demonstrations 1 and 2 will aid students in differentiating between Golgi Tendon Organs (Demonstration 1) and muscle spindles (Demonstration 2), including their location and protective …

Simulating Human Senses To Improve Thermal Comfort, Ahmed Marey, Nihal Alsabbagh

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Between the synergies of environmental perception and technological advancement evolves the parallel world of the metaverse. Evolutionary virtuality intends to aid humanity in envisioning the threatened future of cities under environmental risks through tailored features. Traditionally, the sense of sight – which is the focus of virtual reality – has dominated the architectural practice. However, architects and urban designers have begun incorporating other senses into their work over the recent decade. The expanding understanding of the multimodal nature of the human mind that has evolved from cognitive neuroscience research has received little attention so far in the architecture field. This …

Application Of The Recitation Method To Improve The Competence Of Medical Laboratory Technology Students In The Immunology Field, Patricia Gita Naully, Perdina Nursidika

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

An accredited mid-level MLT (Medical Laboratory Technology) must have the competence to perform medical laboratory examinations from pre-analytic, analytic, and post-analytic stages in several fields, one of which is immunology. Many D3 MLT students are facing obstacles to passed the immunology course. This obstacle is not only experienced by students of D3 MLT but also by medical students, pharmacy students, and similar majors. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of recitation method in the form of animation video making and immunology based device on the competence of Diploma 3 (D3) MLT students. This research is a …

Cardiac Rgs Proteins In Human Heart Failure And Atrial Fibrillation: Focus On Rgs4., Jordana I. Borges, Malka S. Suster, Anastasios Lymperopoulos

HPD Articles

The regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are crucial for the termination of G protein signals elicited by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). This superfamily of cell membrane receptors, by far the largest and most versatile in mammals, including humans, play pivotal roles in the regulation of cardiac function and homeostasis. Perturbations in both the activation and termination of their G protein-mediated signaling underlie numerous heart pathologies, including heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AFib). Therefore, RGS proteins play important roles in the pathophysiology of these two devasting cardiac diseases, and several of them could be targeted therapeutically. Although close …

International Society Of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Nutritional Concerns Of The Female Athlete, Stacy T. Sims, Chad M. Kerksick, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Xanne A.K. Janse De Jonge, Katie R. Hirsch, Shawn M. Arent, Susan Joyce Hewlings, Susan M. Kleiner, Erik Bustillo, Jaime Tartar, Valerie Starratt, Richard B. Kreider, Casey Greenwalt, Liliana I. Rentería, Michael J. Ormsbee, Trisha Vandusseldorp, Bill I. Campbell, Douglas S. Kalman, Jose Antonio

HPD Articles

Based on a comprehensive review and critical analysis of the literature regarding the nutritional concerns of female athletes, conducted by experts in the field and selected members of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN), the following conclusions represent the official Position of the Society: 1. Female athletes have unique and unpredictable hormone profiles, which influence their physiology and nutritional needs across their lifespan. To understand how perturbations in these hormones affect the individual, we recommend that female athletes of reproductive age should track their hormonal status (natural, hormone driven) against training and recovery to determine their individual patterns and …

Impact Of Intravenous Fluid Administration On Cardiac Output And Oxygenation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Jennifer Lutz, Yosef Levenbrown, Md Jobayer Hossain, Anne Hesek, Kelly E. Massa, James P. Keith, Thomas H. Shaffer

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Background: The efect of intravenous fuid (IVF) administration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an unexplored factor that may improve cardiac output (CO) during CPR. The aim of this study was to determine the efect of IVF administration on CO and oxygenation during CPR.

Methods: This experimental animal study was performed in a critical care animal laboratory. Twenty-two Landrace-Yorkshire female piglets weighing 27–37 kg were anesthetized, intubated, and placed on positive pressure ventilation. Irreversible cardiac arrest was induced with bupivacaine. CPR was performed with a LUCAS 3 mechanical compression device. Pigs were randomized into IVF or no-IVF groups. Pigs in the …

Toward A Simulation Model Complexity Measure, J. Scott Thompson, Douglas D. Hodson, Michael R. Grimaila, Nicholas Hanlon, Richard Dill

Faculty Publications

Is it possible to develop a meaningful measure for the complexity of a simulation model? Algorithmic information theory provides concepts that have been applied in other areas of research for the practical measurement of object complexity. This article offers an overview of the complexity from a variety of perspectives and provides a body of knowledge with respect to the complexity of simulation models. The key terms model detail, resolution, and scope are defined. An important concept from algorithmic information theory, Kolmogorov complexity, and an application of this concept, normalized compression distance, are used to indicate the possibility of measuring changes …

The Effects Of Acute Hypoxia On Cognitive And Cardiovascular Parameters In Healthy Subjects, R Ravi, Mmf Subhan

School of Biomedical Sciences

Background: Hypoxia can affect the health and safety of patients and persons in various occupations. There is uncertainty surrounding the effect acute hypoxia may have on cognition and the cardiovascular system. Aims: The aim was to examine cognition using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence – First Edition (WASI-I) and investigate heart rate variability (HRV) with varied fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 0.12, 0.165 and 0.21. Methods: Seventeen healthy volunteers participated in two tasks of the WASI-I; block design (BD) and matrix reasoning (MR). BD, MR and HRV were measured during randomized gas interventions. A subset had their cerebral …

Examination Of Sleep In Relation To Dietary And Lifestyle Behaviors During Ramadan: A Multi-National Study Using Structural Equation Modeling Among 24,500 Adults Amid Covid-19, Moien A. B. Khan, Ahmed S. Bahammam, Asma Amanatullah, Khaled Obaideen, Teresa Arora, Habiba Ali, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Dana N. Abdelrahim, Mohammed Al-Houqani, Kholoud Allaham, Rand Abdalrazeq, Wahid Sharif Aloweiwi, Somayea Sultana Mim, Ammar Mektebi, Sohrab Amiri, Sahabi Kabir Sulaiman, Syed Fahad Javaid, Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader, Fatimah Isma’Il Tsiga-Ahmed, Iffat Elbarazi, Saskiyanto Manggabarani, Gamechu Atomsa Hunde, Sabrina Chelli, Mitra Sotoudeh, Moezalislam Ezzat Faris, Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Collaborators, Abasi-Okot Akpan Udoyen, Abdelrhman Muwafaq Janem, Abdullah Taha Zayed, Adriana Johny Skafi

All Works

Background Of around 2 billion Muslims worldwide, approximately 1.5 billion observe Ramadan fasting (RF) month. Those that observe RF have diverse cultural, ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds and are distributed over a wide geographical area. Sleep is known to be significantly altered during the month of Ramadan, which has a profound impact on human health. Moreover, sleep is closely connected to dietary and lifestyle behaviors. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data using a structured, self-administered electronic questionnaire that was translated into 13 languages and disseminated to Muslim populations across 27 countries. The questionnaire assessed dietary and lifestyle factors as independent …

Microbiome Influencers Of Checkpoint Blockade-Associated Toxicity, Yinghong Wang, Robert R Jenq, Jennifer A Wargo, Stephanie S Watowich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Immunotherapy has greatly improved cancer outcomes, yet variability in response and off-target tissue damage can occur with these treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Multiple lines of evidence indicate the host microbiome influences ICI response and risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). As the microbiome is modifiable, these advances indicate the potential to manipulate microbiome components to increase ICI success. We discuss microbiome features associated with ICI response, with focus on bacterial taxa and potential immune mechanisms involved in irAEs, and the overall goal of driving novel approaches to manipulate the microbiome to improve ICI efficacy while avoiding irAE risk.

The Power Of Algorithms And Big Data: A Marketing Perspective On Consumer Manipulation In Business, Jordan C'Rene Reuille-Dupont

University Honors Theses

In marketing, predictive analytics molds big data into tools that can create demographics, target pleasurable neuromodulator chemicals like dopamine, and influence individual and societal behavior patterns. Professionals and scholars alike can use machine-based computation to transform big data into usable knowledge that accurately represents and tracks human behavior. In the past couple of decades this has led to the acceleration of the attention economy and has fueled the age of information. It has pushed countries to not only enforce new laws and regulations, but also race to secure control over data science technologies. The research for this thesis will ultimately …

Say Yes', Eric F. Spina

President's Blog: From the Heart

Professor Anne Crecelius didn’t just teach human physiology to University of Dayton students. She taught life lessons to everyone she touched, certainly including me.

Cwu Faculty Senate Minutes 3/01/23, Janet Shields

Faculty Senate Minutes

These are the official Central Washington University Faculty Senate minutes for the March 1, 2023, regular meeting.

Evaluating The Relationship Between Circadian Rhythms And Sleep, Metabolic And Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Clinical Evidence In Human Studies, Maria Mentzelou, Sousana K. Papadopoulou, Dimitrios Papandreou, Maria Spanoudaki, Antonios Dakanalis, Georgios K. Vasios, Gavriela Voulgaridou, Eleni Pavlidou, Maria Mantzorou, Constantinos Giaginis

All Works

Circadian rhythms are generated by the circadian clock, a self-sustained internal timing system that exhibits 24-h rhythms in the body. Many metabolic, cellular, behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the circadian clock in coordination with environmental cues. The present study is a comprehensive review of the currently existing evidence concerning the relationship between circadian rhythms and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. We thoroughly searched the online databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find the existing clinical studies from the last twenty-three years (2000–2023). Circadian misalignment was found to be associated with an increase in the risk of …

Wearables For In-Situ Monitoring Of Cognitive States: Challenges And Opportunities, Meeralakshmi Radhakrishnan, Thivya Kandappu, Manoj Gulati, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose using wrist and ear-based sensing, via multiple novel and complementary modalities, to unobtrusively infer activity-aware, complex cognitive and affective states (such as confusion, boredom, and recall failure) of individuals. While state-of-the-art wearable devices are predominantly used (a) independently, with limited coordination among multiple devices, and (b) to capture macro-level physical activity and physiological state, we seek to expand the ambit of unobtrusive wearable sensing to capture the cognitive states while performing commonplace physical activities. Such states typically manifest via fine-grained, almost unobservable, microscopic head, face, and eye movements. We identify some of these fine-grained physical markers that serve …

High Pulse Pressure Impairs Cerebral Artery Endothelial Function In Young, But Not Old, Mice, Nick R Winder, Emily H Reeve, Elise K Kronquist, Aleena Khurana, Byron Lee, Thuan Nguyen, Grant D Henson, Ashley E Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

One of the hallmarks of vascular aging is increased pulse pressure. This elevated pulse pressure is associated with deleterious effects on cerebral vascular function; however, it is unknown if age modulates the susceptibility to high pulse pressure. To examine the effects of age on the cerebral artery response to pulse pressure, we studied isolated cerebral arteries collected from young (6.1 ± 0.2 mo) and old (26.7 ± 0.5 mo) male C57BL/6 mice. Isolated cerebral arteries were exposed ex vivo to static pressure, low pulse pressure (25 mmHg), and high pulse pressure (50 mmHg). In cerebral arteries from young mice, endothelium-dependent …

Highway To The Comfort Zone: History Of The Psychrometric Chart, Eric Teitelbaum, Clayton Miller, Forrest Meggers

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

The psychrometric chart is the most common data visualization technique for the designers of thermal comfort systems worldwide. From its humble roots as means of expressing the characteristics of air in building systems design, the use of the chart has grown to include the representation of the zones of human thermal comfort according to both conventional and adaptive models. In this paper, we present an extensive history of this development and the fallacies with representing comfort simply as a box that sometimes moves on the chart. The origins of the link between refrigeration control and comfort control are examined through …

Evaluating The Effects Of Heat Vulnerability On Heat-Related Emergency Medical Service Incidents: Lessons From Austin, Texas, Kijin Seong, Junfeng Jiao, Akhil Mandalapu

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Extreme heat exposure and sensitivity have been a growing concern in urban regions as the effects of extreme heat pose a threat to public health, the water supply, and the infrastructure. Heat-related illnesses demand an immediate Emergency Medical Service (EMS) response since they might result in death or serious disability if not treated quickly. Despite increased concerns about urban heat waves and relevant health issues, a limited amount of research has investigated the effects of heat vulnerability on heat-related illnesses. This study explores the geographical distribution of heat vulnerability in the city of Austin and Travis County areas of Texas …

Wearables For In-Situ Monitoring Of Cognitive States: Challenges And Opportunities, Meera Radhakrishnan, Thivya Kandappu, Manoj Gulati, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose using wrist and ear-based sensing, via multiple novel and complementary modalities, to unobtrusively infer activity-aware, complex cognitive and affective states (such as confusion, boredom, and recall failure) of individuals. While state-of-the-art wearable devices are predominantly used (a) independently, with limited coordination among multiple devices, and (b) to capture macro-level physical activity and physiological state, we seek to expand the ambit of unobtrusive wearable sensing to capture the cognitive states while performing commonplace physical activities. Such states typically manifest via fine-grained, almost unobservable, microscopic head, face, and eye movements. We identify some of these fine-grained physical markers that serve …

Can Tilt Be Used To Teach Study Tactics? A Case Study In A Biology Classroom, Anne Jacobs

Perspectives In Learning

Recently, there has been a movement encouraging instructors in higher education to use the Transparency in Teaching and Learning (TILT) framework when designing assignments. This framework helps instructors clarify their expectations and evaluation criteria. Making assignments more transparent may result in greater student success. However, it is less clear how this framework can be applied to classes that use exams as a main method of assessing student learning. One option might be to use a TILTed assignment to introduce students to learning tools to improve their studying. I did this by giving students in an introductory biology class an assignment …

Ice-Crystal-Templated “Accordion-Like” Cellulose Nanofiber/Mxene Composite Aerogels For Sensitive Wearable Pressure Sensors, Wangwang Xu, Qinglin Wu, Jaegyoung Gwon, Jin Woo Choi

Faculty Publications

Exfoliated MXene nanosheets are integrated with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) to form composite aerogels with high electric conductivity. The combination of CNFs and MXene nanosheets forms a unique “accordion-like” hierarchical architecture with MXene-CNF pillared layers through ice-crystal templating. Benefiting from the special “layer-strut” structure, the MXene/CNF composite aerogels have low density (50 mg/cm3), excellent compressibility and recoverability, as well as superior fatigue resistance (up to 1000 cycles). When being used as a piezoresistive sensor, the composite aerogel exhibits high sensitivity upon different strains, stable sensing performance with various compressive frequencies, broad detection range, and quick responsiveness (0.48 s). Moreover, the piezoresistive …

Membrane Phospholipids Control Gating Of The Mechanosensitive Potassium Leak Channel Trek1, Philipp A M Schmidpeter, John T Petroff 2nd, Leila Khajoueinejad, Aboubacar Wague, Cheryl Frankfater, Wayland W L Cheng, Crina M Nimigean, Paul M Riegelhaupt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Tandem pore domain (K2P) potassium channels modulate resting membrane potentials and shape cellular excitability. For the mechanosensitive subfamily of K2Ps, the composition of phospholipids within the bilayer strongly influences channel activity. To examine the molecular details of K2P lipid modulation, we solved cryo-EM structures of the TREK1 K2P channel bound to either the anionic lipid phosphatidic acid (PA) or the zwitterionic lipid phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). At the extracellular face of TREK1, a PA lipid inserts its hydrocarbon tail into a pocket behind the selectivity filter, causing a structural rearrangement that recapitulates mutations and pharmacology known to activate TREK1. At the cytoplasmic …

Administration Practices Of Antipsychotic Medications Among Hospitalized Adults With Dementia, Sara Torgerson, Teresa Rangel (Collaborator)

Providence Nursing Research Conference 2023 – Present

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Date Seed (Phoenix Dactylifera) Extract In An Animal Model Of Diabetes Mellitus, Sara Refaat

Theses and Dissertations

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness and a global epidemic. The commercial diabetic medicines available are expensive and have several adverse effects. Alternative natural products are still being sought for. Date seeds ( Phoenix dactylifera) are either thrown away as garbage or utilized as animal feed. The use of seed extract as an alternative therapy for diabetes offers a cost-effective and all-natural method for managing the disease. Methods Sprague dawley rats were randomly distributed into groups with a sample size of 4 rats per group. Date seed powder was boiled producing a 10% date seed extract which was administered in …

Svep1 Is An Endogenous Ligand For The Orphan Receptor Pear1, Jared S Elenbaas, Upasana Pudupakkam, Katrina J Ashworth, Chul Joo Kang, Ved Patel, Katherine Santana, In-Hyuk Jung, Paul C Lee, Kendall H Burks, Junedh M Amrute, Robert P Mecham, Carmen M Halabi, Arturo Aliso, Jorge Di Paola, Nathan O Stitziel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain containing 1 (SVEP1) is an extracellular matrix protein that causally promotes vascular disease and associates with platelet reactivity in humans. Here, using a human genomic and proteomic approach, we identify a high affinity, disease-relevant, and potentially targetable interaction between SVEP1 and the orphan receptor Platelet and Endothelial Aggregation Receptor 1 (PEAR1). This interaction promotes PEAR1 phosphorylation and disease associated AKT/mTOR signaling in vascular cells and platelets. Mice lacking SVEP1 have reduced platelet activation, and exogenous SVEP1 induces PEAR1-dependent activation of platelets. SVEP1 and PEAR1 causally and concordantly relate to platelet …

Systems Thinking Activities Used In K-12 For Up To Two Decades, Diana Fisher, Systems Thinking Association

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Infusing systems thinking activities in pre-college education (grades K-12) means updating precollege education so it includes a study of many systemic behavior patterns that are ubiquitous in the real world. Systems thinking tools include those using both paper and pencil and the computer and enhance learning in the classroom making it more student-centered, more active, and allowing students to analyze problems that have been heretofore beyond the scope of K-12 classrooms. Students in primary school have used behavior over time graphs to demonstrate dynamics described in story books, like the Lorax, and created stock-flow diagrams to describe what was needed …

Myo/Nog Cells Give Rise To Myofibroblasts During Epiretinal Membrane Formation In A Mouse Model Of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy., Mara Crispin, Jacquelyn Gerhart, Alison Heffer, Mark Martin, Fathma Abdalla, Arturo Bravo Nuevo, Nancy J Philp, Ajay E Kuriyan, Mindy George-Weinstein

PCOM Scholarly Works

PURPOSE: Myo/Nog cells are the source of myofibroblasts in the lens and synthesize muscle proteins in human epiretinal membranes (ERMs). In the current study, we examined the response of Myo/Nog cells during ERM formation in a mouse model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

METHODS: PVR was induced by intravitreal injections of gas and ARPE-19 cells. PVR grade was scored by fundus imaging, optical coherence tomography, and histology. Double label immunofluorescence localization was performed to quantify Myo/Nog cells, myofibroblasts, and leukocytes.

RESULTS: Myo/Nog cells, identified by co-labeling with antibodies to brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) and Noggin, increased throughout the eye with …