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Digital Devices; A Boon Or Bane Ocular And Musculoskeletal Manifestations During Lockdown In Covid-19 Pandemic Among General Population Of North India, Sneha Kumari, Pankaj Ranjan, Mitasha Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

During the lockdown in COVID-19 days, excessive usage of digital devices leads to various consequences of ocular and musculoskeletal problems, mainly in the form of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and repetitive strain injury (RSI).

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of CVS and RSI and their association between the duration of use of electronic devices among the general population of North India during the period of lockdown (March–May, 2020).

Methodology:

The present study was a cross-sectional, descriptive, population-based study conducted during the 2 months period of lockdown between April and May 2020. …

Performing Tracheostomy On Covid-19 Pediatric Patients At Intensive Care Unit Our Experiences, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is posing unprecedented challenges among health-care workers for managing the pediatric tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and posttracheostomy care are considered as high-risk procedures for contamination of health-care workers and other patients of the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the details of pediatric tracheostomy including patients' profile, surgical steps, complications, and precautions by health-care workers at the ICU of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study in which 18 COVID-19 pediatric patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy …

Acute Epiglottitis In Elderly Age Group Our Experiences At A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Eastern India, Santosh Kumar Swain, Nibi Shajahan, Priyanka Debta, Somadatta Das, Rabindranath Padhy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Acute epiglottitis (AE) is a potentially life-threatening condition which can lead to airway obstruction. It is less commonly encountered in elderly persons but has more potential for poor outcome due to the indolent property of the clinical presentations.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to assess the clinical presentations and management of the elderly patients who visited the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology with AE.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study done at a tertiary care teaching hospital from December 2014 to November 2019. We searched our electronic medical records for patient details with the diagnosis of …

Clinicopathologic Spectrum Of Glomerular Diseases In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Shalini Bhalla, Muffazal Ahmad, Shivanjali Raghuvanshi, Preeti Agarwal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Biopsy-proven renal diseases give an insight into the prevalence of glomerular diseases. These are uncommon diseases which differ according to geographical area, demography, age, and race of a population.

Aims:

This study was aimed to evaluate the histopathological spectrum of glomerular diseases in native kidney biopsies. The secondary aim of the study was to review the literature for pattern of occurrence of glomerular diseases in and around the Indian subcontinent.

Settings and Design:

The present study was a retrospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital for a period of 2 years.

Subjects and Methods:

One hundred and …

Effect Of Panchatikta Ksheera Basti With Kati Basti In Katishoola W. S. R Lumbar Disc Degeneration – A Clinical Study, Neelam Kaalia, Santosh Kumar Bhatted, S. H. Acharya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Low back pain is the most common clinical presentation in musculoskeletal disorder due to spinal pathology. Factors such as improper sitting postures, jerky movements in travel, sports activities, aging, and bad sleeping posture are the important factors to produce spinal disorders. Lower back pain has been associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

Aims:

This clinical study was carried out to judge the effectiveness of

Panchatikta

Ksheera

Basti

(medicated herbal therapeutic enema) with

Kati

Basti

in lumbar disc degeneration-induced

Katishoola.

Settings and Design:

This was an open-labeled, single-arm, interventional clinical study.

Subjects and Methods:

Fifteen diagnosed cases of low …

Effect Of Yoga On Pulmonary Function Test, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Estimation, Hand Grip Strength, And Quality Of Life In Participants With Thyroid Dysfunction A Pre-Post Clinical Trial, Surya Krishnanunni, B. R. Ganesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Thyroid dysfunction is the most common occurring endocrine disorder among the general population. According to projections from several readings on thyroid disease, 42 million people in India have been estimated to be suffering from diseases as a result of thyroidism. Yoga has been found valuable in numerous diseases. Yogic exercise restores body roles through the manipulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic control mechanism. Yoga has been proven to be an effective adjunct in thyroid conditions in various studies.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to assess the effect of yoga on respiratory function, thyroid-stimulating hormone estimation, and hand …

An Intervention-Based Study To Assess The Acceptability And Effectiveness Of A Breast Health Awareness Program Among Rural Women Of Southern Haryana, India, Avinash Surana, Rakesh Tank, D. R. Rajesh, Abhishek Singh, Vikas Gupta, Deepika Agrawal, Virender Kumar Chhoker

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in India and improving breast cancer awareness among women has shown to overcome the barriers related to diagnosis and treatment. Although breast self-examination (BSE) being quite easy and fast procedure, it a matter of debate that in limited-resource settings, it could be implemented or not, and hence, the present study was conducted to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a breast health awareness program among rural women.

Methods:

The present prospective interventional study was conducted for a duration of 12 months among 270 rural women in the age group of 30–59 …

Validity Of The Ind Isodyno Isokinetic Dynamometer Maximum Peak Angular Torque Measure For Right Knee Joint Flexion And Extension Movement, Shubhankar S. Mahapure, Neeraj A. Athavale, Ashok K. Shyam, Parag K. Sancheti, Akshay S. Nirgude, Niranjan R. Bhore

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer is a newly designed dynamometer to measure the isokinetic strength of the knee joint. It is a cost-effective, clinically feasible, and easily available dynamometer which manifests its benefits over the preexisting one.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer with respect to maximum peak angular torque.

Settings and Design:

Criterion-related validity (concurrent validity).

Materials and Methods:

We considered IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer as an index test and TecnoBody IsoMove isokinetic dynamometer as our reference standard. In this study, we assessed the validity of the IND IsoDyno …

Case-Based Learning In Neurophysiology An Educational Paradigm For Preparing Undergraduate Medical Students For Better Clinical Acumen, Reshu Gupta, Raman Grover

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Case-based learning (CBL) is an effective educational strategy of solidifying basic physiological concepts and integrating them to clinical application and clinical sciences. The study aimed to measure its effectiveness in achieving the defined learning outcomes and assess and evaluate the academic performance and perception of 1

st

year medical students in neurophysiology toward developing a better clinical acumen.

Materials and Methods:

A quasi-experimental study of 100 1

st

year medical students was conducted. 89 students in the first and 86 in the second CBL session were final participants after dropouts. After a conventional lecture on neurophysiology, they were assessed …

Burnout Among Nurses At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of South India, Anchu V. Raju, Aneeta Emmanual, Dilty Shaji, Mohammed Rithu Faizal, Priya Reshma Aranha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Burnout is clearly identified as a problem in the area of human services that need to be addressed. Burnout negatively affects the health and personal lives if the employees experiencing it. Nurses are more prone for burn out in their day-to-day professional life.

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to determine the burnout among the staff nurses and to find association of burn out scores with selected demographic variables.

Materials and Methods:

A quantitative research approach with descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in selected tertiary care hospital. The variables under study were …

Peripheral Nerve Block (Flos Block) For Intraoperative Anesthesia In Total Knee Arthroplasty An Observational Study, Sangeeta Khanna, Biraj Gogoi, Sharma Vipin Jaishree, G. V. Krishna Prasad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) are generally used to provide postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and other lower extremity procedures; these blocks are used rarely for intraoperative anesthesia. We present here, the patients who underwent TKA under PNBs (FLOS Block). FLOS block is nothing but femoral, lateral cutaneous femoral nerve, obturator, and sciatic nerve block.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 41 patients participated in the study for TKA using PNB, FLOS block. All the patients received standardized anesthesia and analgesia upon hospitalization. Outcome evaluations included the visual analog scale (VAS) scores during surgery, activity at rest, postoperative …

Correlation Between Physical Abuse And Anxiety Among School-Going Adolescents (10-16 Years Age) Of Belagavi A School-Based Study, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath, Sudha A. Raddi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

The relationship between childhood maltreatment and bountiful range of mental divergence has been well assumed. Anxiety disorders are the usual mental health concern facing adolescents today, yet they are largely insufficiently treated. Physical abuse often does not occur in isolation, but as part of a constellation of behaviors including authoritarian control, anxiety-provoking behavior, and a lack of parental warmth.

Objectives:

To find out the correlation between physical abuse and anxiety among school-going adolescents.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted among eight schools at Belagavi, using descriptive cross-sectional research design with stratified cluster sampling. It included primary and …

A Study Of Association Between Breastfeeding And Iron-Deficiency Anemia Status In Infants And Young Children Between 0 And 2 Years, Amit Magadum, G. T. Sowjanya, M. B. Koujalagi, C. R. Banapurmath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Iron deficiency is one of the biggest contributing factors to the global burden of anaemia. It is an indicator of both poor nutrition and poor health. Results of recent basic research support the concerns that IDA during infancy and childhood can have long lasting detrimental effects on neurodevelopment.

Objective:

To study contributing factors for IDA in infants and young children between 6-24 months.

Study Design:

A case control study.

Participants:

Children aged between 6-24 months, admitted or attended OPD in paediatric wards of 3 hospitals attached to JJM medical college.

Intervention:

No intervention was involved in this study.

Outcomes: …

Awareness About Donning And Doffing Of Personal Protective Equipment Among Doctors Working In A Fever Clinic Of West Bengal, Ankita Mishra, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Kuntala Ray, Raghunath Misra, Mausumi Basu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Fever clinics were established across the country for screening of patients suggestive of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The doctors posted in these clinics were provided with personal protective equipment (PPE) for their protection. Improper use of these equipment may result in infection.

Objectives:

The objective is to assess the awareness of doctors posted at fever clinic regarding donning and doffing of PPE.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from May to June 2020 on doctors posted at the fever clinic of Sambhunath Pandit Hospital, Kolkata by census method using a predesigned, pretested structured questionnaire (Google form). …

Cross-Sectional Study Of Awareness Toward Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Kumaun Region Of Uttarakhand, Thakkar Hemaben, Sujan Singh, Poonam Kumari, Mohd. Maroof, Maneesh Bhatt

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. Being highly contagious in nature, it has become a major concern for healthcare profession.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study is to assess the medical students' awareness regarding risk perception, disease transmission, and prevention of COVID-19 and to study their source of information and activities affected by lockdown.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted an online, descriptive cross-sectional study in April–May 2020, using WhatsApp Messenger. Medical students of 1

st

-year and 3

rd

-year (posted in community medicine department) …

Analysis Of Gut Bacterial Community Composition In Obese And Lean Indian Participants By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Tej Bahadur, Rama Chaudhry, Vishwa Deepak Bamola, Alka Mohan Chutani, Anil Kumar Verma, Jaishree Paul

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Human gut microbiota consists of variety of microbes which play vital role in the host development, physiology and homeostasis. Alteration in gut microbial composition or dysbiosis may lead to various diseases and lifestyle disorders including obesity. Since gut microbiota varies with differences in dietary habits and geographical locations therefore studies are required to look into the gut microbial diversity in Indian obese and lean subjects whose dietary habits and geography are different from the western world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the microbial diversity in obese and lean Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Subjects with similar …

Understanding Mental Health Perspectives Of Covid-19 Through The Lens Of Ayurveda, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency and has affected more than 200 countries in the world. It was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the end of January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. In addition to the public health challenges, this pandemic has created another parallel pandemic of mental health problems. Furthermore, the existing mental health problems have also been seen to exacerbate owing to this pandemic. The mental health problems are both seen among the community members and the health-care providers those who are in the continuous forefront of service …

Burden, Epidemiological Pattern, And Surveillance Gap Of Rubella In Nigeria A Call For Routine Vaccination Policy, Kabir Adekunle Durowade, Omotosho Ibrahim Musa, Maryam Abimbola Jimoh, Adekunle Ganiyu Salaudeen, Oladimeji Akeem Bolarinwa, Omowunmi Qubrat Bakare, Lukman Omotayo Omokanye

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rubella is an epidemic-prone disease with endemic transmission in Nigeria. It is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the rubella virus whose devastating teratogenic effect makes it a disease of major public health importance when it occurs in pregnancy leading to congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) in infants. This article seeks to do a review of the burden, epidemiology, and examine the rubella surveillance gap in Nigeria. This is a review of literatures and the use of available World Health Organization secondary surveillance data to establish the burden, epidemiological pattern, and surveillance gap of rubella in Nigeria. Data were analyzed and presented …

Prostate-Specific Antigen An Overview And Its Current Status In The Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Siddalingeshwar Neeli, Manas Sharma, Abhijit Musale

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), which has high organ specificity and poor cancer specificity, has been widely utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer; though it is not an ideal tumor marker. Its extensive usage in screening programs has resulted in a large number of unwanted biopsies, over-diagnosis and over-treatment of indolent cancers as well. Hence, various PSA derivatives and PSA-based tests have evolved to improve the accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis. This article provides an overview of PSA and PSA-based biomarkers and their current role in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Infection Control Measures During Covid-19 Pandemic – An Otorhinolaryngological And Head-And-Neck Perspective, Santosh Kumar Swain, Sanjay Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Otorhinolaryngologists and head-and-neck surgeons are considered as high-risk group of health-care workers due to their nature of work for exposure to the respiratory tract. During routine assessment and treatment of patients, otorhinolaryngologists and head-and-neck surgeons with their assisting staffs inevitably come in contact with secretions of the respiratory tract which may become aerosolized at time of the sneeze or cough. All otorhinolaryngology patients must be considered as potential carriers of COVID-19. A great emphasis must be given on the history such as flu-like symptoms, travel history, and contact history with potential carriers which will help triage patients into high risk. …

Zebrafish An, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Rajendra B. Nerli

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Sustaining The Delivery Of Malaria Elimination Services Amidst An Ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak In The African Region, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global public health priority and it has compelled multiple nations to divert their resources for the containment of the disease at the earliest. With regard to malaria, the African region is the most affected one, accounting for 93% of the reported cases worldwide. However, since the emergence of the COVID-19 outbreak, there is a sense of fear about the disease among the health sector personnel. It won't be wrong to say that COVID-19 outbreak has exposed weaknesses in our preparedness activities, but then we have to identify a balance between the …

Scope Of Organ System-Based Curriculum In The Delivery Of Medical Education A Critique, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The role of basic science subjects in the making of a competent medical graduate and a health care professional is crucial and thus multiple number of approaches have been tried to merge basic science with clinical medicine. The organ-system based medical curriculum is a type of integrated teaching, which has been advocated and adopted across different medical curriculum and has delivered promising results, especially with regard to increasing the depth of medical knowledge and a comprehensive understanding of each of the organ systems. Even though, this form of curriculum has been adopted by different medical schools, we have to acknowledge …

Extending An Equitable Covid-19 Response To The Disabled Individuals, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected everyone, but the impact is relatively higher among people who are vulnerable, such as disabled, refugee, migrants, elderly, and suffering from preexisting illness. The disabled people are more at the risk of acquisition of infection owing to the limited access to the public health messaging and the fact that if they are subjected to physical distancing, they will find it extremely difficult to survive as they depend on their caregivers for their routine activities. In these difficult times, it is of utmost importance that disabled persons should minimize the probability of exposure …

Onlay Preputial Flap Urethroplasty For Children With Mid- Or Proximal Penile Hypospadias With Chordee, R. B. Nerli, Priyeshkumar Patel, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Sushant Deole, Sreeharsha Nutalapati, Murigendra B. Hiremath, Neeraj S. Dixit

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

We report our results of preputial flap onlay urethroplasty for the one-stage repair of mid- and proximal penile hypospadias with chordee.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the hospital data base for children undergoing onlay flap urethroplasty and hypospadias repair for mid- or proximal penile hypospadias with chordee.

Results:

During the study period January 2000–December 2017, 21 children underwent onlay preputial flap urethroplasty. The procedure was successful in 15 (71.42%) children with no need to undergo further procedures or operations. There were five urethrocutaneous fistulas and dehiscence of glans in one.

Conclusions:

An onlay urethroplasty using the preputial flap …

Envisaging Capacity Building Among Faculty Members To Ensure Successful Implementation Of Integrated Teaching In Medical Colleges, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Integrated teaching in the field of medical education has been looked upon as the key approach to deliver complex information to the medical students in a relatively easier manner. In order to address the existing lacunae in the traditional curriculum with regard to integrated teaching, specific provisions in terms of various levels, topics and nature of integration, has been clearly specified in the recently implemented competency-based curriculum for undergraduate students. The successful implementation of the integrated teaching program across all the phases will essentially require support from all the concerned stakeholders, especially the management, administration, curriculum committee, medical education unit, …

High Creatine Kinase-Muscle Brain Levels Greatly Exceeding Total Creatine Kinase Levels In A 2-Month-Old Infant, Vatsala Khurana, Elvia Jamatia, Reena Rani, Binita Goswami

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The measurement of creatine kinase muscle brain (CK-MB) by the method of immunoinhibition has various drawbacks, which are posing as a hindrance in its role as a sensitive diagnostic indicator. A 2-month-old infant presented with symptoms of difficulty in breathing and cough. A chest X-ray done showed an incidental finding of a cardiac anomaly, and ultrasonography cranium showed a well-defined cystic lesion seen in the frontal horn of the bilateral lateral ventricle and signs of a resolving hemorrhage. The CK-MB level (761U/L) was greatly exceeding the CK levels (427U/L). This raise in CK-MB may be due to the presence of …

Anaemia Among Adolescents A Community-Based Study Using Cluster Sampling In Villages Under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre, Bangalore Urban District, Avita Rose Johnson, Cency Baburajan, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India has the largest adolescent population in the world, the majority of whom reside in rural areas. Anemia is one of the top five causes of morbidity among adolescents.

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescents aged 10–19 years residing in a rural area.

Methods:

Community-based, cross-sectional study in 25 villages and one town under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre (PHC), Bangalore Urban District. Two-staged cluster sampling was done. The interview schedule for sociodemographic details, diet, and physical activity was administered. Nutritional status was estimated by body mass index-for-age. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using …

Comparison Of Octenidine Wound Gel Versus Povidone-Iodine Dressing In Healing Of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers A Randomized Controlled Trial For Period Of 1 Year, Sreenivasa Reddy Guddety, Basavaraj M. Kajagar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Octenidine is an antiseptic known for the past 20 years. Very few clinical studies have been done in evaluating the advantages of octenidine. Specific characters of no anti microbial resistance, good host tissue tolerability and very few clinical studies made us to conduct this study.

Aims:

To compare octenidine wound gel dressing versus povidone-iodine (PVI) dressing in healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in terms of mean percentage reduction in the ulcer area.

Settings and Design:

A randomized controlled study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North Karnataka between January 2018 and December 2018.

Subjects and …