Digital Commons Network^™

Ondansetron In Combination With Fluoxetine For Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study From North India, Jamshed Ahmad, Anuradha Nischal, Anil Nischal, Bandna Gupta, Manu Agarwal, Adarsh Tripathi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

A large percentage of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) do not respond to first-line medications. Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OCD as an augmentation agent to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, scientific evidence in this regard is limited.

AIMS:

This study aimed to study the effect of ondansetron in combination with fluoxetine on psychopathology, functioning, and quality of life in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and to compare these parameters with patients treated with fluoxetine alone.

METHODS:

This was a 12-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria …

Obesity Among The Urban Poor Evidence From A Community-Based Study Among Adults Residing In An Underprivileged Area Of Bengaluru City, India, Avita Rose Johnson, Sakthi Arasu, Mitchell Singstock, Nancy Angeline

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Obesity is increasing among the urban poor and is a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of obesity among adults over the age of 30 years in an underprivileged community of Bengaluru city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an underprivileged area of Southern Bangalore. Sociodemographic details, diet, and lifestyle risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded and World Health Organization Asian cutoffs for body mass index (BMI) …

Effects Of Fixed Twin-Block And Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device On Mandibular Third Molar Angulation – A Comparative Study, Pooja Milind Tendulkar, Tejashri Pradhan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Fixed functional appliances such as fixed twin-block (FTB) and forsus fatigue resistant device (FRD) improve Class II skeletal relationships by increasing the length of the mandible, which subsequently leads to an increase in the retromolar space. This would bring about a positional and angular change in the mandibular third molar. These appliances also produce forward movement of the mandibular buccal segments, which has also been cited as an important factor providing space and therefore improving the angulation and eruption potential of the third molars.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate and compare the effects of FTB and forsus FRD treatment on mandibular …

A Cross-Sectional Study On Predictors Of Quality Of Life Of Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Anuradha Gautam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Quality of life (QoL) in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a salient issue. The advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment has changed this deadly disease to a chronic manageable illness with focus shifting from fighting virus to ensuring a good QoL.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to assess the predictors of health-related QoL (HRQoL) of PLHIV.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 PLHIV at antiretroviral therapy (ART) plus center of a tertiary care hospital of Lucknow. Interview method was used to collect the data. …

Comparison Of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome And Normal Cases Undergoing Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery In A Tertiary Health-Care Center In Eastern India, Suprava Das, Swati Samant, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Lipika Mehra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome has been known to be a genetically inherited syndrome which generally affects the population above 50 years of age. It further increases the chances of complications during cataract surgery.

AIM:

In our study, we aim to compare the results of manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in PXF eyes and controls and report the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes (up to 6 weeks) in both groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a prospective, observational, nonrandomized study, which was conducted in the ophthalmology department in a tertiary hospital in Eastern India from February 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019. …

Detection Of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes In Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Women In Belagavi, Karnataka, Vinay S. Pala, Chidanand Patil, Mahantesh B. Nagmoti, Anita Dadi Dalal, Arati Mane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Women are known to be at high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its associated cervical pathology. However, limited data are available on circulating genotypes, especially among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative women. Therefore, the present study was designed to gauge the prevalence of HPV genotypes in HIV-negative women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 96 HIV-negative women in the age range of 18–45 years. Cervical samples were collected from the transformation zone of the cervix using the deoxyribonucleic acid collection device (cytobrush), which was rinsed in 20 ml of PreservCyt

®

vial …

Clinical Profile, Management, And Outcome Of Neonates With Congenital Structural Anomalies Admitted In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Vinaya Ajaykumar Singh, Sushma Malik, Prachi Gandhi, Poonam Wade

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical profile, management, and outcome of neonates with congenital structural anomalies and to determine the proportion of neonates having major and minor congenital structural anomalies and requiring surgical intervention. This retrospective cross-sectional study included all neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary health-care referral center over a period of 1 year. Neonates with acquired form of surgical conditions (like abscess and necrotising enterocolitis) were excluded from the study. We also studied various maternal risk factors such as gestational diabetes, amniotic fluid volume, and pregnancy registration.

RESULTS:

Out …

Strategies In Laboratory Diagnosis Of Covid-19 In India, Abhijit Vinodrao Boratne, Lalithambigai Chellamuthu, Yogesh Bahurupi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

COVID-19 has been documented as the fifth pandemic since 1918 Spanish flu (H1N1). It began as a human cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology, reported from Wuhan, China, during late December 2019. The etiological agent of the pandemic was detected as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The Indian Council of Medical Research along with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare expanded and diversified testing capacity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. TrueNat or cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test is for testing at primary and secondary health care level. Rapid antigen test has …

Ofloxacin Resistance In An Increasing Concern, Ramesh S. Kumar, K. R. Uma Devi, Azger Dusthackeer, Christy Rosaline Nirmal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) associated with the development of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) especially ofloxacin is a matter of concern, as they had been earlier recommended drugs for usage in the MDR-TB treatment regimens, and moxifloxacin and other quinolones are still on the list.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

acquires resistance to FQs mainly through mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDRs) of the

gyrA

gene and less frequently in the

gyrB

gene. A literature search on the geographical distribution of ofloxacin resistance in TB shows that there is a mild surge in reporting of the resistance to ofloxacin in tuberculosis patients. …

Nutrition Insights In Covid-19, Harpreet Kour, Richa Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The COVID-19 is compromising individuals' immunity to a larger extent, it becomes imperative to strengthen and support the immune system with the right nutrition. Immune functioning can be improved through the right nutrition. Hence, adequate nutrition becomes paramount in leveling up the immune functioning through higher and wider Immunoglobulin generation. This review article is attempted to highlight the importance of nutrition during compromised immunity as in the case of COVID-19.

Covid-19 Is It Merely About The Third Wave, Madhav Prabhu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Encouraging Experiential Learning Throughout The Period Of Medical Training, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The learning which happens in the case of an adult learner, including the medical students occurs in a wide variety of ways and is influenced by multiple factors. Experiential learning, as the name suggests, refers to the learning process that occurs through experience, and can be better understood as the learning via reflection on doing. The basic concept of experiential learning is that it facilitates learning in terms of a direct experience of an individual student, which may occur within or beyond the classroom settings. An undergraduate medical student can get benefited from experiential learning right from the early stages …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Oncology-Related Perceptions, Atin Singhai, Parul Jain, Ranjan Solanki

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Rare Clinical Presentation Of Umbilical Endometriosis, Aditi Shivcharan Agrawal, Tuhina Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Primary umbilical endometriosis is a rare disorder accounting for 0.5%–1% of extragenital endometriosis. It is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue within the umbilicus. Although it mostly presents as a typical cyclic umbilical discharge coincidental with a palpable mass, the diagnosis is often delayed due to its low prevalence and abnormal presentation, as in this case. The possibility of subcutaneous endometriosis should not be ruled out when an umbilical mass is detected, even if there is no history of previous surgery. Other differential diagnoses of umbilical mass include paraumbilical hernia, surgical scar (laparoscopy), primary umbilical tumor, granuloma, Sister …

Sick Sinus Syndrome And Hyperthyroidism A Rare Phenomenon, Nitesh Kumar, Diwakar Verma, Kapil Gupta, Madhu Kiran, Prakarti Yadav, Shatrughan Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Cardiovascular complications play a very crucial part in hyperthyroidism and increased mortality and morbidity risk. Besides tachyarrhythmia, impaired systolic ventricular dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction may cause thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy in a small percentage of the patients, as another high mortality complication. Bradycardia in hyperthyroidism is a rare phenomenon which is associated with the sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular node dysfunction, and conduction disturbance, or due to the effect of the drugs, i.e. beta-blockers. A 70-year-old female patient was brought to the emergency department with the history of feeling dizziness, lightheadedness, and bradycardia. While waiting in emergency, she had an episode of syncope, …

An Unusual Case Of Phytobezoar Causing Gastric Outlet Obstruction, Aditi Shivcharan Agrawal, Tuhina Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

A bezoar is defined as the accumulation of certain indigestible or poorly digestible substances in the gastrointestinal tract in the form of a mass, and when the bezoars consist of fruits and vegetables fibers, they are labeled as “phytobezoar.” Bezoars in the stomach are a rare condition and are often associated with episodes of gastric dysmotility and prior gastric surgery, though sometimes they can present without any significant history. Phytobezoars are difficult to diagnose due to its overlapping signs and episodic nature. however, in medical literature, the information about phytobezoars is insufficient due to the limited amount of documented cases, …

Photokeratitis Following Exposure To Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps During The Covid Pandemic, Suprava Das, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Deergha Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Twelve patients presented with symptoms of pain, redness, watering, and photophobia following exposure to germicidal ultraviolet (UV) lamp. Anterior segment examination showed varying degrees of ciliary congestion and superficial corneal punctate epithelial erosions in all patients. Diagnosis of post-UV photokeratitis was made. Patients were treated with topical antibiotics and artificial lubricating drops. All patients were symptom free 1 week following presentation. The use of standard protective gear and closely following manufacturer guidelines can prevent such complications.

Prevalence And Pattern Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients From Northern India, Rakesh Tank, Priyanka Tank, Abhishek Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation, hyperinflation, and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. It is now considered as a systemic disease. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in COPD is variable with a paucity of literature from Indian subcontinent.

AIM:

This study was conducted to observe the regional prevalence and pattern of OSA in patients of COPD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present prospective study was carried out in the Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, for a period of 20 months, i.e. during July 2012 to February 2014. Patients seeking care at the Department …

Value Of Self-Assessment As A Learning Tool In Dental Education And Practice A Descriptive Study, Sunila Bukanakere Sangappa, Radha Madhavi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Self-assessment (SA) skills are integral to lifelong learning process as they are a mode to share educational responsibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the dental undergraduate student's perception, practice of SA, and its impact over their academic and clinical performance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among 444 dental students regarding practice of SA in their academic and clinical practice across all the years for a period of 3 months. Data were collected by a pilot-tested self-administered structured questionnaire adopting convenient sampling and analyzed using SPSS Version 22 Software.

RESULTS:

Mean score …

Emerging Crisis Of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci From A Rural Tertiary Care Hospital Of North India, Jyoti Sangwan, Kirti Lohan, Pratibha Mane, Mukesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Enterococci are emerging as a major pathogen causing a variety of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections and community-acquired infections contributing significantly to patient's morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant enterococci worsens the problem as multidrug resistance leaves fewer therapeutic options for clinicians in treating life-threatening infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational study carried out from March 2019 to February 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterococci was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, and results were interpreted as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2019.

RESULTS:

Multidrug-resistant enterococci were reported to be 62.7%. A variable antimicrobial susceptibility …

Occupational Safety And Health Hazards Among Cashew Processing Workers Of Cuddalore District A Cross-Sectional Study, Janana Priya, Lavanya Ayyasamy, Sri Madhu Priya Mahendiran, Adhithyaa Selvarathinam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Occupational health and safety is a major concern of all time despite consequent advancement in all forms of industries. As stated in multiple research papers from various parts of the nation, more than 90% of workers involved in cashew processing were females who are socially and economically backward. This paper aims to find the existing occupational health hazards of workers in the cashew processing unit and the level of safety measures adopted. In addition, the health outcome in relation to certain improvisations made in the process was also analyzed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Full-time workers from the cashew processing unit …

Mobile Application-Assisted Observation Of Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses In A Tertiary Care Center A Cross-Sectional Study, A Malini, B Bhuvaneshwari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Improper hand hygiene (HH) practices are responsible for nearly 40% of health care-associated infections (HCAIs). Good HH measures are the most cost-effective means of reducing its incidence. Health-care workers (HCWs) play an important role in reducing HCAI by adhering to HH and intensive care unit protocols.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge regarding HH among nurses using a questionnaire and to assess compliance to the WHO's “My five moments of hand hygiene” among nurses using a mobile application (App).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center conducted …

Correlation Between Cigarette Smoking And Raised Intraocular Pressure In Males, Sushmita Mukherji, Soumen Karmakar, Sibaji Dasgupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Smoking is one of the most important risk factors both in systemic as well as ocular diseases. Its role in pathogenesis of ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma has been proposed, but there remains a controversy in the study results. Our aim is to find any association between cigarette smoking and raised intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 60 male subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-one were selected using simple random sampling, had raised IOP, among which 17 were smokers. Two-nine matched subjects had normal IOP, with 11 smokers among …

Academic Loss-Related Anxiety Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sagar Rai, Zareen Akhtar, Kaushal Kishor Singh, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Sudhir Kumar Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV2, initially affecting few individuals in Wuhan city of China, is now devastating millions of lives. Among all, students face substantial challenges, mainly in academic losses due to the imposed lockdown that may be detrimental to their mental well-being. Our study aimed to identify the anxiety levels among university students undergoing training in various disciplines.

METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study. General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale within a semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess students' anxiety levels about their academic loss.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 students from India participated in the survey. Eventually, the prevalence …

Study Of “Three Delay Model” Of Maternal Morbidity And Mortality In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Belagavi, Jyoti Singh, Chandra S. Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Every year millions of women around the world suffer from pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum complication. Approximately 810 women die every day worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and delivery. The concept of severe acute maternal morbidity or near miss was aptly developed for the present health-care system. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined “near-miss” as a woman, who is close to death, survives a complication that occurred during pregnancy, delivery, or up to 42 days after the termination of her pregnancy. The important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity have been summarized as the three delays. These …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

“Mothers Knowledge And Attitude On Feeding Of Banked Human Milk Among Infants” With View To Develop An Information Booklet”, Hussainbi A. Tahasildar, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Donor breastfeeding is the best natural feeding. Especially in high-risk and preterm infants, donor breast milk is the best source of nutrition. The benefits of breastfeeding for the neonates are already known; when mother breast milk is not flowing due to some medical conditions, then the alternative best source donor breast milk.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers on feeding of banked human milk among infants and also to find out associations with sociodemographic variables.

METHODOLOGY:

The study was conducted at KLE'S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital among 100 postnatal mothers …

Personal Protective Equipment Usage And Its Disposal By The Residents Of Dhaka City During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Mixed-Method Enquiry, Shuvashis Saha, Md Shah Newaz, Shajib Hazari, Mohammad Kabir Uddin, Samiul Iqbal, Kh Salekuzzaman

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hazard not only to the health and economy but also to the environment worldwide. In the absence of an effective vaccine to the mass people, practice of preventive measures against coronavirus can only save the health and economy of a poor nation like Bangladesh. On one hand, poor practice of protective behavior against the novel coronavirus has been reported among the general population and on the other hand, sudden rise of personal protective equipments (PPEs) use are causing massive damage to the environment of the cities like Dhaka.

AIMS:

This study aims to understand the …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Rural Population Of Belgaum District, Arvind L. Tenagi, Lisa Sunny, Vivek Wani, Mahesh I. Magdum, K. S. Smitha, B. K. Bhagyajyothi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Rural population is highly underprivileged in terms of access to tertiary eye care facilities.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and associated risk factors among known diabetics in the rural population of Belgaum district.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2018.

METHODOLOGY:

Three hundred and forty patients underwent a detailed ocular examination. Clinical grading was based on early treatment of DR study guidelines. Random blood sugar, blood pressure, height, weight, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: …