Digital Commons Network^™

An International Survey On Nasal Nitric Oxide Measurement Practices For The Diagnosis Of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, Nicole Beydon, Thomas Ferkol, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) measurements are used in the assessment of patients suspected of having primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), but recommendations for performing such measurements have not focused on children and do not include all current practices. To guide the development of a European Respiratory Society-supported technical standard for nNO measurement in children, an international online survey was conducted to better understand current measurement practices among providers involved in PCD diagnostics. 78 professionals responded, representing 65 centres across 18 countries, mainly in Europe and North America. Nearly all centres measured nNO in children and more than half performed measurements before …

Candidate Genes Modulating Reproductive Timing In Elite Us Soybean Lines Identified In Soybean Alleles Of Arabidopsis Flowering Orthologs With Divergent Latitude Distribution, Nicholas Dietz, Yen On Chan, Andrew Scaboo, George Graef, David Hyten, Mary Happ, Brian Diers, Aaron Lorenz, Dechun Wang, Trupti Joshi, Kristin Bilyeu

Biomedical Sciences

Adaptation of soybean cultivars to the photoperiod in which they are grown is critical for optimizing plant yield. However, despite its importance, only the major loci conferring variation in flowering time and maturity of US soybean have been isolated. By contrast, over 200 genes contributing to floral induction in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana have been described. In this work, putative alleles of a library of soybean orthologs of these Arabidopsis flowering genes were tested for their latitudinal distribution among elite US soybean lines developed in the United States. Furthermore, variants comprising the alleles of genes with significant differences in …

Hypothermia For Patients Requiring Evacuation Of Subdural Hematoma: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial, Georgene W Hergenroeder, Michael N Diringer, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia is neuroprotective in some ischemia-reperfusion injuries. Ischemia-reperfusion injury may occur with traumatic subdural hematoma (SDH). This study aimed to determine whether early induction and maintenance of hypothermia in patients with acute SDH would lead to decreased ischemia-reperfusion injury and improve global neurologic outcome.

METHODS: This international, multicenter randomized controlled trial enrolled adult patients with SDH requiring evacuation of hematoma within 6 h of injury. The intervention was controlled temperature management of hypothermia to 35 °C prior to dura opening followed by 33 °C for 48 h compared with normothermia (37 °C). Investigators randomly assigned patients at a 1:1 …

Efficacy And Safety Outcomes With Diroximel Fumarate After Switching From Prior Therapies Or Continuing On Drf: Results From The Phase 3 Evolve-Ms-1 Study, Sibyl Wray, Robert T Naismith, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Diroximel fumarate (DRF) is an oral fumarate for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) with the same active metabolite as dimethyl fumarate (DMF). DRF has a safety/efficacy profile similar to DMF but with improved gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability and low (< 1%) treatment discontinuation due to GI adverse events (AEs). Efficacy and safety outcomes in patients who switched to DRF from other disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have not been evaluated.

METHODS: EVOLVE-MS-1 is an ongoing, 2-year, open-label, phase 3 study of DRF in adults with relapsing-remitting MS. Patients either entered as newly enrolled to DRF trials, or from the 5-week, randomized, head-to-head, phase 3 EVOLVE-MS-2 study of DRF and DMF. This analysis evaluated safety and GI tolerability in patients continuing on DRF (DRF-rollover) or switching from DMF (DMF-rollover) following EVOLVE-MS-2. Safety …

First-In-Human, Open-Label, Phase 1/2 Study Of The Monoclonal Antibody Programmed Cell Death Protein-1 (Pd-1) Inhibitor Cetrelimab (Jnj-63723283) In Patients With Advanced Cancers, Enriqueta Felip, Daniel Morgensztern, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: To assess the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of cetrelimab (JNJ-63723283), a monoclonal antibody programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitor, in patients with advanced/refractory solid tumors in the phase 1/2 LUC1001 study.

METHODS: In phase 1, patients with advanced solid tumors received intravenous cetrelimab 80, 240, 460, or 800 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) or 480 mg Q4W. In phase 2, patients with melanoma, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)/DNA mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer (CRC) received cetrelimab 240 mg Q2W. Response was assessed Q8W until Week 24 and Q12W thereafter.

RESULTS: In phase 1, 58 patients …

A Study Examining The Usefulness Of A New Measure Of Research Engagement, Deborah J Bowen, Nicole Ackermann, Vetta Saunders Thompson, Andrea Nederveld, Melody Goodman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Engagement of relevant stakeholders' ideas, opinions, and concerns is critical to the success of modern research projects. We have developed a tool to measure stakeholder engagement, called the Research Engagement Survey Tool (REST). The purpose of this paper is to present the implementation and uptake of the stakeholder engagement measure REST among research teams, including the assessment of barriers and facilitating factors for use of the new research engagement measure in practice.

METHODS: In this implementation study, project team members participated in baseline and follow-up web-based surveys. Web-based interviews were conducted with a subset of project teams that implemented …

Deglutarylation Of Glutaryl-Coa Dehydrogenase By Deacylating Enzyme Sirt5 Promotes Lysine Oxidation In Mice, Dhaval P Bhatt, C Allie Mills, Kristin A Anderson, Bárbara J Henriques, Tânia G Lucas, Sara Francisco, Juan Liu, Olga R Ilkayeva, Alexander E Adams, Shreyas R Kulkarni, Donald S Backos, Michael B Major, Paul A Grimsrud, Cláudio M Gomes, Matthew D Hirschey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A wide range of protein acyl modifications has been identified on enzymes across various metabolic processes; however, the impact of these modifications remains poorly understood. Protein glutarylation is a recently identified modification that can be nonenzymatically driven by glutaryl-CoA. In mammalian systems, this unique metabolite is only produced in the lysine and tryptophan oxidative pathways. To better understand the biology of protein glutarylation, we studied the relationship between enzymes within the lysine/tryptophan catabolic pathways, protein glutarylation, and regulation by the deglutarylating enzyme sirtuin 5 (SIRT5). Here, we identify glutarylation on the lysine oxidation pathway enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) and show …

Assessment Of A Novel Commercial Large Field Of View Phantom For Comprehensive Mr Imaging Quality Assurance Of A 0.35t Mrgrt System, Benjamin C Lewis, Jaeik Shin, Borna Maraghechi, Benjamin Quinn, Mike Cole, Enzo Barberi, Jin Sung Kim, Olga Green, Taeho Kim

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Consistent quality assurance (QA) programs are vital to MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT), for ensuring treatment is delivered accurately and the onboard MRI system is providing the expected image quality. However, daily imaging QA with a dedicated phantom is not common at many MRgRT centers, especially with large phantoms that cover a field of view (FOV), similar to the human torso. This work presents the first clinical experience with a purpose-built phantom for large FOV daily and periodic comprehensive quality assurance (QUASAR™ MRgRT Insight Phantom (beta)) from Modus Medical Devices Inc. (Modus QA) on an MRgRT system. A monthly American College of …

Thpok Inhibits Osteoclast Formation Via Nfatc1 Transcription And Function, Wei Zou, Takashi Izawa, Nidhi Rohatgi, Steven Y Zou, Yongjia Li, Steven L Teitelbaum

2020-Current year OA Pubs

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Better Together: Integrating Biomedical Informatics And Healthcare It Operations To Create A Learning Health System During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Philip R O Payne, Adam B Wilcox, Peter J Embi, Christopher A Longhurst

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The growing availability of multi-scale biomedical data sources that can be used to enable research and improve healthcare delivery has brought about what can be described as a healthcare "data age." This new era is defined by the explosive growth in bio-molecular, clinical, and population-level data that can be readily accessed by researchers, clinicians, and decision-makers, and utilized for systems-level approaches to hypothesis generation and testing as well as operational decision-making. However, taking full advantage of these unprecedented opportunities presents an opportunity to revisit the alignment between traditionally academic biomedical informatics (BMI) and operational healthcare information technology (HIT) personnel and …

Troponin Is Unrelated To Outcomes In Heart Failure Patients Discharged From The Emergency Department, Gregory J Fermann, Douglas Char, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Prior data has demonstrated increased mortality in hospitalized patients with acute heart failure (AHF) and troponin elevation. No data has specifically examined the prognostic significance of troponin elevation in patients with AHF discharged after emergency department (ED) management.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the relationship between troponin elevation and outcomes in patients with AHF who are treated and released from the ED.

METHODS: This was a secondary analysis of the Get with the Guidelines to Reduce Disparities in AHF Patients Discharged from the ED (GUIDED-HF) trial, a randomized, controlled trial of ED patients with AHF who were discharged. Patients with elevated conventional …

Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort At Siteman Cancer Center, Graham A Colditz, Debbie L Bennett, Jennifer Tappenden, Courtney Beers, Nicole Ackermann, Ningying Wu, Jingqin Luo, Sarah Humble, Erin Linnenbringer, Kia Davis, Shu Jiang, Adetunji T Toriola

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: The Joanne Knight Breast Health Cohort was established to link breast cancer risk factors, mammographic breast density, benign breast biopsies and associated tissue markers, and blood markers in a diverse population of women undergoing routine mammographic screening to study risk factors and validate models for breast cancer risk prediction.

METHODS: Women were recruited from November 2008 to April 2012 through the mammography service at the Joanne Knight Breast Health Center at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. Baseline questionnaire risk factors, blood, and screening mammograms were collected from 12,153 women. Of these, 1,672 were excluded for prior history of …

Phase 1b Trial Of Anti-Vegf/Pdgfr Vorolanib Combined With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Nusayba A Bagegni, Haeseong Park, Katlyn Kraft, Maura O-Toole, Feng Gao, Saiama N Waqar, Lee Ratner, Daniel Morgensztern, Siddhartha Devarakonda, Manik Amin, Maria Q Baggstrom, Chris Liang, Giovanni Selvaggi, Andrea Wang-Gillam

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Vorolanib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-angiogenic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerability, safety and efficacy of vorolanib when added to checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) in patients with advanced solid tumors.

METHODS: We conducted a phase 1b study of vorolanib (300 or 400 mg orally once daily) plus pembrolizumab or nivolumab using a standard 3 + 3 design to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). The endpoints included safety, toxicity and objective response rate, according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1).

RESULTS: …

Enhancing Discovery Of Genetic Variants For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Through Integration Of Quantitative Phenotypes And Trauma Exposure Information, Adam X. Maihofer, Andrew C. Heath, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is heritable and a potential consequence of exposure to traumatic stress. Evidence suggests that a quantitative approach to PTSD phenotype measurement and incorporation of lifetime trauma exposure (LTE) information could enhance the discovery power of PTSD genome-wide association studies (GWASs).

METHODS: A GWAS on PTSD symptoms was performed in 51 cohorts followed by a fixed-effects meta-analysis (N = 182,199 European ancestry participants). A GWAS of LTE burden was performed in the UK Biobank cohort (N = 132,988). Genetic correlations were evaluated with linkage disequilibrium score regression. Multivariate analysis was performed using Multi-Trait Analysis of GWAS. …

Narratives Bridge The Divide Between Distant Events In Episodic Memory, Brendan I Cohn-Sheehy, Angelique I Delarazan, Jordan E Crivelli-Decker, Zachariah M Reagh, Nidhi S Mundada, Andrew P Yonelinas, Jeffrey M Zacks, Charan Ranganath

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Many studies suggest that information about past experience, or episodic memory, is divided into discrete units called "events." Yet we can often remember experiences that span multiple events. Events that occur in close succession might simply be linked because of their proximity to one another, but we can also build links between events that occur farther apart in time. Intuitively, some kind of organizing principle should enable temporally distant events to become bridged in memory. We tested the hypothesis that episodic memory exhibits a narrative-level organization, enabling temporally distant events to be better remembered if they form a coherent narrative. …

Aerial Radiation Detection Identification And Measurement System Detector Material Comparison Study, Benjamin C. Troxell, Kacey D. Mcgee, Christina L. Dugan

Faculty Publications

The 20th Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear and Explosives Command (CBRNE) currently utilizes an airborne sodium iodide gamma and beta detection system to map radiation fields over large areas of interest. The 20th CBRNE explored emergent detector technologies utilizing two detection materials; thallium-activated cesium iodide and high purity germanium (HPGe). These detectors were simulated at various altitudes and compared to background measurements. The sodium iodide detector failed to provide isotopic discrimination at distance. The thallium-activated cesium iodide CsI(Tl) detector provided sufficient absolute efficiency and energy resolution to identify isotopics at distance. The HPGe detector provided the best energy resolution. However, current …

Ud In The News March 25-April 1, University Of Dayton

News Releases

The Conversation, America magazine, CBS News, The Washington Post, Popular Science, Catholic News Service and a radio station in South Korea highlight the list of media outlets seeking UD faculty expertise. UD President Eric F. Spina wrote in the Dayton Daily News about President Emeritus Bro. Ray Fitz, S.M., and his life's work as a catalyst for social justice.

Reconceiving Coercion-Based Criminal Defenses, Stephen R. Galoob, Erin L. Sheley

Faculty Scholarship

Coercing someone is sometimes wrong and sometimes a crime. People subject to coercion are sometimes eligible for criminal defenses, such as duress. How, exactly, does coercion operate in such contexts? Among legal scholars, the predominant understanding of coercion is the “wrongful pressure” model, which states that coercion exists when the coercer wrongfully threatens the target and, as a result of this threat, the target is pressured to act in accordance with the coercer’s threat. Some tokens of coercion do not fit neatly within existing legal categories or the wrongful pressure model of coercion. For example, coercive control is a psychological …

College Of Natural Sciences Newsletter, March & April 2022, College Of Natural Sciences

College of Natural Sciences Newsletters and Reports

Volume 3, Issue 3

Page 1 Dean's Message
Page 2-3 Awards and Recognition
Page 4 2022 URSCAD - CNS Snaps
Page 5 Geography Convention Recap
Page 6 Attention Students!
Page 7-8 Media Coverage of CNS
Page 9 Spring Break Outreach, Adopt the Pantry,
Page 10 Discovery on Tap Event
Page 11 CNS Students Visit State Capital
Page 12 Celebrating 50 Years of Sally
Page 13 Open PRAIRIE Data
Page 14 Grants Awarded and Bio-Micro Day of Scholars
Page 15 -17 2022 Geography Convention Snaps
Page 18 Sally Krueger's 50th Work Anniversary

Freedom Within Convention: A Cooperative Analysis Of The Zhuangzi And A Thousand Plateaus, Giacomo Coppola

Student Publications

The Zhuangzi, a foundational text in Classical Chinese philosophy, presents a notion of ideal humanity that involves a seemingly paradoxical relationship between a liberated existence and the barriers that restrict it. To achieve ideal humanity, one must confront the boundaries and attachments that have coalesced into a web of socio-physical conventions and developed dominion over human thought and action. This paper aims at shedding some light on this tension by offering a comparative analysis of the Zhuangzi and A Thousand Plateaus by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari in terms of their conceptions of ideal humanity. While an abundance of time …

Antitrust, Attention, And The Mental Health Crisis, Gregory Day

Minnesota Law Review Vols. 106:2 onward (2021-present)

No abstract provided.

Designer Minor: Creating A Better Legal Regime For Pediatric Cosmetic Procedures, Hannah Oliason

Minnesota Law Review Vols. 106:2 onward (2021-present)

No abstract provided.

A Computer Vision-Based Method For Bolt Loosening Detection, Savannah Burdette

Honors Theses

Routine bolt-loosening inspection plays an essential role in managing and preventing the degradation of our nation’s highway bridges over time. Neglecting to perform these inspections could result in public safety concerns. The study of this thesis develops a cost-effective method of bolt-loosening detection based on computer vision. To this end, two input images of the bolted connections are collected at two different inspection times. The feature points are then identified from the input images, based on which a geometric transformation matrix is applied to correct any perspective differences between the two images. Next, we select the image patches of the …

Contraceptive Knowledge Of Female College Students, Lina Perugini

Honors Theses

Background: Over 37% of teens (aged 15-19) and 62% of young adult (20-29) women use some method of contraception (Daniels, 2019). Women in college demonstrate inconsistent use and lack of knowledge about reproduction, menstruation, and contraception (Sutton, 2017). This study aimed to assess collegiate women’s knowledge of contraceptive and tested two hypotheses: (1) women in college will demonstrate a lack of knowledge about contraception; (2) those who use hormonal birth control will demonstrate significantly higher levels of contraceptive knowledge when compared to non-users. Method: 128 female college students completed an anonymous online survey that included demographic information, history of contraceptive …

Examining The Impacts Of Flooding On Public Health, Lauren Gibson

Honors Theses

Over the past 10 years, South Carolina has experienced over five major weather events that have led to extreme flooding along the coast. These types of repeated major events have the potential to significantly impact people’s lives and livelihoods. When looking at the issue from a public health perspective, it is known that natural disasters such as flooding can negatively affect community health. However, little research has been done to analyze the impacts on individual health from flooding. This issue inspired a more in-depth research analysis to examine those health impacts from local Horry County residents. This research aims to …

Defining The Leading Edge Of The Marine – Non-Marine Transition In The Pee Dee Basin: Influences, And Dynamic Parameters Of A Highly Dynamic System, Nicole Mchugh

Honors Theses

Among estuaries, there is a large block of co-dependent and independent variables shaping habitat and environmental conditions within a critical area. Historical data proxies and indexes from seven different stations were assessed to consider temporal and spatial variability of the marine and non-marine transition along the South Carolina Pee Dee River Basin. Historical datasets from the upper reaches of Winyah Bay and lower section of the Pee Dee River basin were compiled along with shorter termed deployments of a new instrument station installed near Georgetown, SC. This area is representative of the marine-non-marine transition in drowned river mouth estuaries. Water …

Lost In The Cloud: The Experiences Of College Students With Visual Impairments In An Online Environment, Gwen A. Bostic

Dissertations

Online courses have become a necessity in education. Still, the online learning format, course design, and course management systems are not always conducive for learners with visual impairments. “A key concern is that faculty and individuals accountable for supporting and implementing e-learning within postsecondary institutions, in a rush to integrate technology into teaching, fail to think about the accessibility needs of students with various disabilities” (Fichten, 2009, p. 242).

This qualitative study aimed to describe and interpret the lived experiences of college students who are blind or visually impaired in an online environment. This study involved ten blind or low-vision …

Mental Health Functioning, History Of Trauma, And Parent Stress In Maltreating Parents, Dionne G. Pinto-Guerra

McNair Scholars Manuscripts

Objective: Child maltreatment is common and can lead to a host of negative outcomes, so understanding the factors that influence risk for maltreatment is warranted. The present study examined the role of parent history of trauma in shaping parent stress in a sample of maltreating parents. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACES) provide one way to quantify cumulative childhood trauma, and the experience of ACEs has been found to negatively impact mental and physical adult health outcomes. These findings are consistent with non-ACEs-related trauma research, which also shows that history of trauma leads to negative long-term outcomes, which may influence later parenting. …

National Athletes' Perceived Image Of The Government In The Development Of Sports In Malaysia, Danial Bin Azizan Durisic

Theses and Dissertations

Malaysian national sports depend on the support of the government to further improve its quality and continue to grow. The declining quality of Malaysian sports prompted this study, which seeks to explore the perceptions of the Malaysian government’s sport development efforts through the lens of the national athletes and provide recommendations that could lead to strengthened sports development and improved quality of sports in Malaysia. This research intends to compare the results obtained from current and former national athletes and compare it with the Sport Policy Factors Leading to International Sporting Success or SPLISS Model (Bosscher et al., 2006), which …

Exploration Of The Role Of Neighborhood Residential Segregation By Race And Ethnicity In Obesity Risk Among School-Aged, Melissa L. Fair

Theses and Dissertations

Youth obesity prevalence remains high, despite decades of intervention. Grounded in the social ecological model, neighborhoods and schools are important settings in addressing the complex systems that influence obesity. Contributing to disparities, by race/ethnicity, Black and Hispanic youth are more likely to live in segregated neighborhoods and attend segregated schools, which are also more likely to have high rates of poverty and are less likely to have high quality nutrition and built environments. Leveraging data from local school district (district and state department of education) and national datasets (ACS, Childhood Opportunity Index 2.0), this study examined the associations between school …