Digital Commons Network^™

Dietary Strawberries Improve Serum Metabolites Of Cardiometabolic Risks In Adults With Features Of The Metabolic Syndrome In A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial, Arpita Basu, Kenneth Izuora, Andrew Hooyman, Hal R. Scofield, Jeffrey L. Ebersole

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Dietary strawberries have been shown to improve cardiometabolic risks in multiple clinical trials. However, no studies have reported effects on serum metabolomic profiles that may identify the target pathways affected by strawberries as underlying mechanisms. We conducted a 14-week randomized, controlled crossover study in which participants with features of metabolic syndrome were assigned to one of the three arms for four weeks separated by a one-week washout period: control powder, 1 serving (low dose: 13 g strawberry powder/day), or 2.5 servings (high dose: 32 g strawberry powder/day). Blood samples, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and dietary and physical activity data were …

Co-Culture Models Of Endothelial Cells, Macrophages, And Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells For The Study Of The Natural History Of Atherosclerosis, Martin Liu, Saurabhi Samant, Charu Hasini Vasa, Ryan M. Pedrigi, Usama Oguz, Sangjin Ryu, Timothy Wei, Daniel R. Anderson, Devandra K. Agrawal, Yiannis Chatzizisis

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Background

This work aims to present a fast, affordable, and reproducible three-cell co-culture system that could represent the different cellular mechanisms of atherosclerosis, extending from atherogenesis to pathological intimal thickening.

Methods and results

We built four culture models: (i) Culture model #1 (representing normal arterial intima), where human coronary artery endothelial cells were added on top of Matrigel-coated collagen type I matrix, (ii) Culture model #2 (representing atherogenesis), which demonstrated the subendothelial accumulation and oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), (iii) Culture model #3 (representing intimal xanthomas), which demonstrated the monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cell monolayer, transmigration into the …

A Simple Seir-V Model To Estimate Covid-19 Prevalence And Predict Sars-Cov-2 Transmission Using Wastewater-Based Surveillance Data, Tin Phan, Samantha Brozak, Bruce Pell, Anna Gitter, Amy Xiao, Kristina D Mena, Yang Kuang, Fuqing Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) has been widely used as a public health tool to monitor SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, epidemiological inference from WBS data remains understudied and limits its application. In this study, we have established a quantitative framework to estimate COVID-19 prevalence and predict SARS-CoV-2 transmission through integrating WBS data into an SEIR-V model. We conceptually divide the individual-level viral shedding course into exposed, infectious, and recovery phases as an analogy to the compartments in a population-level SEIR model. We demonstrated that the effect of temperature on viral losses in the sewer can be straightforwardly incorporated in our framework. Using WBS …

Outcomes Of Surgical Treatment For Extradural Benign Primary Spinal Tumors In Patients Younger Than 25 Years: An Ambispective International Multicenter Study, Alexander C Disch, Stefano Boriani, Aron Lazary, Laurence D Rhines, Alessandro Luzzati, Ziya L Gokaslan, Charles G Fisher, Michael G Fehlings, Michelle J Clarke, Dean Chou, Nicole M Germscheid, Klaus-Dieter Schaser, Jeremy J Reynolds, The Ao Spine Knowledge Forum Tumor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extradural primary spinal tumors were retrospectively analyzed from a prospective database of 1495 cases. All subjects with benign primary tumors under the age of 25 years, who were enrolled between 1990 and 2012 (Median FU was 2.4 years), were identified. Patient- and case-related characteristics were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: 161 patients (66f;95m; age 17.0 ± 4.7 years at time of diagnosis) were identified. The most common tumors were osteoblastomas n = 53 (32.9%), osteoid osteomas n = 45 (28.0%), and aneurysmal bone cysts n = 32 (19.9%). The tumor grade, according to the Enneking Classification S1/S2/S3, was 14/73/74 (8.7/45.3/46.0%), …

Overcoming The Challenges Of Covid-19 By Hospitality Educational Administrators: A Grounded Theory Approach, Senthilkumaran Piramanayagam, Partho Pratim Seal

The Qualitative Report

The coronavirus pandemic has affected all walks of life across the globe. Higher education institutions confronted multiple challenges and disruptions in teaching and learning. However, the challenges hospitality education administrators need to resolve are distinct compared to other traditional higher education programs. This study aimed to understand the experiences and responses of hospitality educational administrators under crisis. The findings of the study are expected to assist hospitality education institutions to be prepared and respond better to any crisis in the future. To understand the challenges faced and strategies adopted by hospitality educational administrators, we interviewed 23 hospitality administrators across India. …

Acquired Genomic Alterations On First-Line Chemotherapy With Cetuximab In Advanced Colorectal Cancer: Circulating Tumor Dna Analysis Of The Calgb/Swog-80405 Trial (Alliance), Kanwal Raghav, Fang-Shu Ou, Alan P Venook, Federico Innocenti, Ryan Sun, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Scott Kopetz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.Acquired genomic alterations (Acq-GAs), specifically RAS, BRAF, and EGFR-ectodomain mutations and ERBB2 and MET amplifications, are recognized as major mechanisms of resistance to later-line anti-EGFR-antibody therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, data regarding …

Resistance Mechanisms To Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Therapy In Ras/Raf Wild-Type Colorectal Cancer Vary By Regimen And Line Of Therapy, Christine M Parseghian, Ryan Sun, Melanie Woods, Stefania Napolitano, Hey Min Lee, Jumanah Alshenaifi, Jason Willis, Shakayla Nunez, Kanwal P Raghav, Van K Morris, John P Shen, Madhulika Eluri, Alexey Sorokin, Preeti Kanikarla, Eduardo Vilar, Marko Rehn, Agnes Ang, Teresa Troiani, Scott Kopetz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Acquired resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor (EGFRi) therapy in colorectal cancer (CRC) has previously been explained by the model of acquiring new mutations in KRAS/NRAS/EGFR, among other MAPK-pathway members. However, this was primarily on the basis of single-agent EGFRi trials and little is known about the resistance mechanisms of EGFRi combined with effective cytotoxic chemotherapy in previously untreated patients.

Methods: We analyzed paired plasma samples from patients with RAS/BRAF/EGFR wild-type metastatic CRC enrolled in three large randomized trials evaluating EGFRi in the first line in combination with chemotherapy and as a single agent in third …

Prediction Of Pathologic Complete Response To Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy In Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Deep Learning On Multiparametric Mri, Zijian Zhou, Beatriz E Adrada, Rosalind P Candelaria, Nabil A Elshafeey, Medine Boge, Rania M Mohamed, Sanaz Pashapoor, Jia Sun, Zhan Xu, Bikash Panthi, Jong Bum Son, Mary S Guirguis, Miral M Patel, Gary J Whitman, Tanya W Moseley, Marion E Scoggins, Jason B White, Jennifer K Litton, Vicente Valero, Kelly K Hunt, Debu Tripathy, Wei Yang, Peng Wei, Clinton Yam, Mark D Pagel, Gaiane M Rauch, Jingfei Ma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) followed by surgery are currently standard of care for TNBC with 50-60% of patients achieving pathologic complete response (pCR). We investigated ability of deep learning (DL) on dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion weighted imaging acquired early during NAST to predict TNBC patients' pCR status in the breast. During the development phase using the images of 130 TNBC patients, the DL model achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) of 0.97 ± 0.04 and 0.82 ± 0.10 for the training and the …

Substrate Electronics Dominate The Rate Of Reductive Dehalogenation Promoted By The Flavin-Dependent Iodotyrosine Deiodinase, Jeffrey M Carlson, Ayzsa Tannis, Kate R Woodworth, Megan R Reynolds, Neha Shinde, Breanne Anderson, Keivon Hobeheidar, Aisha Praag, Kristen Campbell, Cynthia Carpentieri, Teri Willabus, Elizabeth Burkhardt, Elizabeth Torrone, Kevin P O'Callaghan, Kathryn Miele, Dana Meaney-Delman, Suzanne M Gilboa, Emily O'Malley Olsen, Van T Tong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite universal prenatal syphilis screening recommendations and availability of effective antibiotic treatment, syphilis prevalence during pregnancy and the incidence of congenital syphilis have continued to increase in the United States (1,2). Concurrent increases in methamphetamine, injection drug, and heroin use have been described in women with syphilis (3). CDC used data on births that occurred during January 1, 2018-December 31, 2021, from two states (Arizona and Georgia) that participate in the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Pregnant People and Infants Network (SET-NET) to describe the prevalence of substance use among pregnant persons with syphilis by congenital syphilis pregnancy outcome (defined …

Examining The Release Of Synthetic Microfibres To The Environment Via Two Major Pathways: Atmospheric Deposition And Treated Wastewater Effluent, I. E. Napper, F. N.F. Parker-Jurd, S. L. Wright, R. C. Thompson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Research on the discharge of synthetic microfibres to aquatic environments has typically focused on laundering, where fibres can be discharged via wastewater effluent. However emerging research suggests that microfibres generated during the wear of textiles in normal use could present a major, additional, pathway for microfibre pollution to the environment. This study aimed to quantify and compare the quantities of microfibre entering the marine environment via both these pathways; wastewater discharge and atmospheric deposition. Areas of high and low population density were also evaluated. Samples were collected in and around two British cities (Bristol and Plymouth) both of which are …

Assessing The Effectiveness Of Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture For Growing West Coast Venus Clams, Avery Wallace

Theses

With demand for sustainable sources of seafood on the rise, California is looking to expand aquaculture with a focus on innovative culturing methods and use of native or resident species. Therefore, this study examined the potential for culturing native North American west coast venus clams (Chione californiensis and Chione undatella) using integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA). An ITMA approach was chosen because it is a culture method that uses species from different but functionally complementary trophic levels that have been found to reduce the potential negative effects of traditional monoculture. California sea cucumber (Parastichopus californicus) and the seaweeds red ogo (Gracilaria …

Theory And Technology Considerations On High-Quality Development Of Coal Main Energy Security In China, Liang Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Coal is the ballast of energy security in China. In order to guarantee the high-quality development of energy security, China strongly supports the innovative development of coal industry. This study systematically summarizes the innovative achievements of China in six aspects, i.e., coal resource exploration technology, coal and gas co-mining theory and technology, typical dynamic disaster risk identification and early warning monitoring technology, integrated mining and intelligent mining technology and equipment, coal high-efficiency and clean utilization and coal-based clean energy high-efficiency conversion technology, coal and new energy multi-energy synergy technology. The study deeply analyzes the current challenges faced in above mentioned …

Strategic Thinking On China’S Food System Transition From Perspective Of Sustainable Development Goals, Xiaojie Liu, Siqi He, Weiqiang Chen, Dan Yan, Litao Liu, Gangqiang Ding, Zhongjie Zhang, Gang Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Food system is the foundation of human society, thus the sustainable transition of food system is one of the key topics towards global sustainability. Facing the global climate crisis, regional conflict, and pandemic that unseen in a century, it becomes critical to build a sustainable food system in line with the Chinese context for ensuring its grain and food security, national nutrition and health, social justice, ecological balance, market effectiveness, and system resilience. To address these focuses, this study analyzed the main issues and challenges faced by China's current food system, and decoded the relationship between food system and sustainable …

2022 Research Fronts: Development Trends And Key Research Questions In 11 Broad Research Areas, Jiaofeng Pan, Haixia Wang, Fuhai Leng, Feng Zhang, Fan Yang, Jianxia Yuan, Ying Xing, Weiwei Fan, Qiuju Zhou, Wenyue Bian, Chaoxing Zhang, Longguang Huang, Haiming Wang, Lin Han, Ruimin Pei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In 2022, Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), the National Science Library, CAS, and Clarivate Analytics released their joint report Research Fronts 2022. The report utilized the Essential Science Indicators (ESI) database to do co-citation analysis. The 2022 report started from 12 610 research fronts in ESI and identified a total of 165 research fronts, including hot and emerging specialties spanning 11 broad research areas in sciences and social sciences. With the 165 research fronts and the related core papers and citing papers as the basis for analysis, this study summarized 8 development trends in science …

2022 Technology Focus: Analysis And Interpretation Of 20 High-Impact Patented Technology Focus, Jiaofeng Pan, Weiwei Fan, Fuhai Leng, Guopeng Li, Feng Zhang, Lin Han, Haiming Wang, Chaoxing Zhang, Fan Yang, Xiaomei Wang, Haixia Wang, Jianxia Yuan, Ying Xing, Ting Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

2022 Technology Focus report developed by the Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), is based on the role of "Technology Focus" in the fields of information, energy, life and material manufacturing in the new technological revolution. We select and determine "20 High-impact Patented Technology Focus" from the 32 "Technology Focus" areas that are highlighted in the report. It briefly describes the basic meaning, technological innovation challenges, and the research path. Based on the distribution of comprehensive influence scores of patent data in "Technology Focus", it reveals the technical innovation points and the characteristics of the national …

Delivering Occupation-Based Practice In Stroke Rehabilitation Of Hospital Settings: Thai Occupational Therapists’ Experiences, Anuchart Kaunnil, Veerawat Sansri, Surachart Thongchoomsin, Kannika Permpoonputtana, Sutinun Juntorn, Kathryn Jarvis, Cristina Reyes Smith, Michael Palapal Sy, Jiranan Griffiths, Chutikorn Nopparat, Peeradech Thichanpiang

The Qualitative Report

Occupation-based practice (OBP) is central to the practice of occupational therapists where occupations or meaningful activities become the focus of the assessment, intervention, and outcomes measurement process. Although occupational therapists practising in Thailand claim that they engage in OBP, this claim warrants empirical investigation. This study aimed to investigate the experiences and perceptions of hospital-based occupational therapists of OBP within stroke rehabilitation. Utilizing a qualitative design, fourteen occupational therapists were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews until data saturation was reached. Each interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim, and data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five …

37 W. 72nd St., Inc. V. Frankel

All Decisions

No abstract provided.

Sjs Thompson, Llc V. Singer

All Decisions

No abstract provided.

Fluorescence Angiography With Dual Fluorescence For The Early Detection And Longitudinal Quantitation Of Vascular Leakage In Retinopathy, Benjamin Pomeroy, Alexander W Venanzi, Wei Li, Abigail S Hackam, Midhat H Abdulreda

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) afflicts more than 93 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of vision loss in working adults. While DR therapies are available, early DR development may go undetected without treatment due to the lack of sufficiently sensitive tools. Therefore, early detection is critically important to enable efficient treatment before progression to vision-threatening complications. A major clinical manifestation of early DR is retinal vascular leakage that may progress from diffuse to more localized focal leakage, leading to increased retinal thickness and diabetic macular edema (DME). In preclinical research, a hallmark of DR in mouse models is …

Brain Nuclear Receptors And Cardiovascular Function, Mengjie Wang, Yongjie Yang, Yong Xu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Brain-heart interaction has raised up increasing attentions. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are abundantly expressed in the brain, and emerging evidence indicates that a number of these brain NRs regulate multiple aspects of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerosis, etc. In this review, we will elaborate recent findings that have established the physiological relevance of brain NRs in the context of cardiovascular function. In addition, we will discuss the currently available evidence regarding the distinct neuronal populations that respond to brain NRs in the cardiovascular control. These findings suggest connections between cardiac control and brain dynamics through NR signaling, which …

Svhound: Detection Of Regions That Harbor Yet Undetected Structural Variation, Luis F Paulin, Muthuswamy Raveendran, R Alan Harris, Jeffrey Rogers, Arndt Von Haeseler, Fritz J Sedlazeck

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Recent population studies are ever growing in number of samples to investigate the diversity of a population or species. These studies reveal new polymorphism that lead to important insights into the mechanisms of evolution, but are also important for the interpretation of these variations. Nevertheless, while the full catalog of variations across entire species remains unknown, we can predict which regions harbor additional not yet detected variations and investigate their properties, thereby enhancing the analysis for potentially missed variants.

RESULTS: To achieve this we developed SVhound ( https://github.com/lfpaulin/SVhound ), which based on a population level SVs dataset can predict …

Identifying Biomarkers Of Differential Chemotherapy Response In Tnbc Patient-Derived Xenografts With A Ctd/Wgcna Approach, Varduhi Petrosyan, Lacey E Dobrolecki, Lillian Thistlethwaite, Alaina N Lewis, Christina Sallas, Ramakrishnan R Srinivasan, Jonathan T Lei, Vladimir Kovacevic, Predrag Obradovic, Matthew J Ellis, C Kent Osborne, Mothaffar F Rimawi, Anne Pavlick, Maryam Nemati Shafaee, Heidi Dowst, Antrix Jain, Alexander B Saltzman, Anna Malovannaya, Elisabetta Marangoni, Alana L Welm, Bryan E Welm, Shunqiang Li, Gerburg M Wulf, Olmo Sonzogni, Chen Huang, Suhas Vasaikar, Susan G Hilsenbeck, Bing Zhang, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Michael T Lewis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Although systemic chemotherapy remains the standard of care for TNBC, even combination chemotherapy is often ineffective. The identification of biomarkers for differential chemotherapy response would allow for the selection of responsive patients, thus maximizing efficacy and minimizing toxicities. Here, we leverage TNBC PDXs to identify biomarkers of response. To demonstrate their ability to function as a preclinical cohort, PDXs were characterized using DNA sequencing, transcriptomics, and proteomics to show consistency with clinical samples. We then developed a network-based approach (CTD/WGCNA) to identify biomarkers of response to carboplatin (MSI1, TMSB15A, ARHGDIB, GGT1, SV2A, SEC14L2, SERPINI1, ADAMTS20, DGKQ) and docetaxel (c, MAGED4, …

Approach To The Patient: Pharmacological Therapies For Fracture Risk Reduction In Adults With Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Winnie Liu, Brendan Lee, Sandesh C S Nagamani, Lindsey Nicol, Frank Rauch, Eric T Rush, V Reid Sutton, Eric Orwoll

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility largely caused by defects in structure, synthesis, or post-translational processing of type I collagen. The effectiveness of medications used for fracture reduction in adults with OI is understudied and practice recommendations are not well established. Drugs currently used to improve skeletal health in OI were initially developed to treat osteoporosis. Oral and intravenous bisphosphonates have been shown to improve bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with OI and are commonly used; however, conclusive data confirming fracture protection are lacking. Similarly, teriparatide appears to increase BMD, an effect …

A Pleiotropic Chemoreceptor Facilitates The Production And Perception Of Mating Pheromones, Cassondra L Vernier, Nicole Leitner, Kathleen M Zelle, Merrin Foltz, Sophia Dutton, Xitong Liang, Sean Halloran, Jocelyn G Millar, Yehuda Ben-Shahar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Optimal mating decisions depend on the robust coupling of signal production and perception because independent changes in either could carry a fitness cost. However, since the perception and production of mating signals are often mediated by different tissues and cell types, the mechanisms that drive and maintain their coupling remain unknown for most animal species. Here, we show that in

Identifying Biomarkers Of Differential Chemotherapy Response In Tnbc Patient-Derived Xenografts With A Ctd/Wgcna Approach, Varduhi Petrosyan, Shunqiang Li, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Although systemic chemotherapy remains the standard of care for TNBC, even combination chemotherapy is often ineffective. The identification of biomarkers for differential chemotherapy response would allow for the selection of responsive patients, thus maximizing efficacy and minimizing toxicities. Here, we leverage TNBC PDXs to identify biomarkers of response. To demonstrate their ability to function as a preclinical cohort, PDXs were characterized using DNA sequencing, transcriptomics, and proteomics to show consistency with clinical samples. We then developed a network-based approach (CTD/WGCNA) to identify biomarkers of response to carboplatin (MSI1, TMSB15A, ARHGDIB, GGT1, SV2A, SEC14L2, SERPINI1, ADAMTS20, DGKQ) and docetaxel (c, MAGED4, …

Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Burnout And Perceived Workplace Quality Among Addiction Treatment Providers, Andrea Fentem, Raven Riordan, Christine Doroshenko, Xiao Li, Erin Kasson, Devin Banks, Rachel P Winograd, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on work satisfaction, work-related stress, and perceived work quality among substance use treatment providers to better understand challenges faced among this group during the pandemic.

METHODS: Participants of this study were 91 addiction treatment providers (e.g., therapists, physicians, community support specialists, administrative staff) recruited from various treatment facilities (e.g., inpatient and outpatient settings). Mixed method analyses were conducted to assess self-reported burnout, sources of work-related stress, and perceived work quality during the pandemic. Responses from providers reporting COVID-19 related decreases in work quality were compared to responses from providers who …

Personalized Therapeutics For Katp-Dependent Pathologies, Colin G Nichols

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ubiquitously expressed throughout the body, ATP-sensitive potassium (K

Treatment Outcomes And Roles Of Transplantation And Maintenance Rituximab In Patients With Previously Untreated Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Results From Large Real-World Cohorts, Peter Martin, Jonathon B Cohen, Michael Wang, Anita Kumar, Brian Hill, Diego Villa, Jeffrey M Switchenko, Brad Kahl, Kami Maddocks, Natalie S Grover, Keqin Qi, Lori Parisi, Katherine Daly, Angeline Zhu, Gilles Salles

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Commonly used first-line (1L) treatments for mantle cell lymphoma include high-dose cytarabine-based induction followed by autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT) for younger patients and several chemoimmunotherapy regimens for older patients. Continuous debates exist on the role of ASCT in younger patients and maintenance rituximab (MR) after bendamustine plus rituximab (BR).

METHODS: Retrospective data from 4,216 patients with mantle cell lymphoma in the Flatiron Health electronic record-derived deidentified database diagnosed between 2011 and 2021, mostly in US community oncology settings, were evaluated for treatment patterns and outcomes. The efficacy findings with ASCT and MR were validated in an independent cohort of …

Synthetic Biology Design As A Paradigm Shift Toward Manufacturing Affordable Adeno-Associated Virus Gene Therapies, Logan Thrasher Collins, Selvarangan Ponnazhagan, David T Curiel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Gene therapy has demonstrated enormous potential for changing how we combat disease. By directly engineering the genetic composition of cells, it provides a broad range of options for improving human health. Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) represent a leading gene therapy vector and are expected to address a wide range of conditions in the coming decade. Three AAV therapies have already been approved by the FDA to treat Leber's congenital amaurosis, spinal muscular atrophy, and hemophilia B. Yet these therapies cost around $850,000, $2,100,000, and $3,500,000, respectively. Such prices limit the broad applicability of AAV gene therapy and make it inaccessible to …

The Necessity Of Global Standardization Guidelines For Space Travel, Josh Larson, Mallory K. Casebolt

National Training Aircraft Symposium (NTAS)

This study explored the interest in global standardization guidelines for space travel. Due to the lack of accepted minimum international standards and commercialized space travel guidelines, there is a need to explore the feasibility of developing of an agency or clearinghouse for the standardization of certifications, requirements, and ethical standards for space travel between global governments and private entities. This study employed a two-round Delphi design to investigate the need to establish and prioritize such guidelines. The findings yielded from this study provide guidance on how an agency or clearinghouse is needed and could potentially aid in developing such guidelines. …