Digital Commons Network^™

Monopsony In Academia And The Gender Pay Gap: Evidence From California, Zhanhan Yu, Alfonso Flores-Lagunes

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We investigate monopsony power in a highly skilled labor market made up of tenure-ranked faculty in the University of California system, and analyze differential monopsony power exposure by gender. We infer the campus-level labor supply elasticity by estimating the elasticity of separations utilizing individual-level faculty data and two instruments based on campus revenues and salary scales. We find that the “exploitation rate,” a common measure of monopsony power, is about 7% for tenure-ranked faculty. There is a statistically significant difference in the monopsony power experienced by male and female faculty that appears to account for a relatively small percentage of …

Cosmopolitical Trans-Temporalities: Relational Landscapes, Shamanism And Indigenous Futurism In Southeast Asia, Ivan Tacey

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

In Southeast Asia, Indigenous worlds have long been shaped through entanglements with outsiders. But how do such relations intersect with shamanic, place-making, and mythopoetic practices? This paper explores how the cosmopolitical engagements of the Batek of Malaysia unsettle colonial mappings of land, history, and identity, while creating space to contest environmental degradation, economic marginalisation, and political exclusion. It traces how origin myths are tied to land claims, how animist imaginations echo pre-colonial and colonial encounters, and how cosmopolitical practices appropriate foreign imagery and transform traumatic histories. Rather than viewing Indigenous actors as locked in the past–or cosmopolitics as a clash …

Lotilaner Ophthalmic Solution 0.25% In The Treatment Of Demodex Blepharitis: A Case Report, Paul Karpecki, Brandon Ayres, Eric Donnenfeld, Marjan Farid, Ian Benjamin Gaddie, Preeya K Gupta, Cecelia Koetting, Richard Lindstrom, Selina Mcgee, Kelly K Nichols, Laura M Periman, Stephen Pflugfelder, Christopher Starr, Nandini Venkateswaran, Elizabeth Yeu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Demodex blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory ocular condition caused by Demodex mite infestation of the eyelid that can negatively impact quality of life. Currently, lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% is the only FDA-approved treatment for Demodex blepharitis. The Demodex Expert Panel on Treatment and Eyelid Health has established consensus that lotilaner ophthalmic solution 0.25% should be considered the preferred first-line treatment for Demodex blepharitis. We report a patient who presented with collarettes, the pathognomonic sign of Demodex blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, and poor visual acuity. The patient also had a history of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Consistent with the Demodex Expert …

First, Do No Trend: Aligning Parenteral Lipid Therapy With Physiology And Evidence In Neonates, Parvesh Mohan Garg, Srinivas Bolisetty, Camilia R Martin, Muralidhar H Premkumar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Lipid injectable emulsions (ILE) are essential components of parenteral nutrition in neonatal intensive care units. Over the past two decades, the expanded availability of ILE has led to rapid changes in clinical practice, largely driven by concerns about intestinal failure–associated liver disease. Despite these evolving trends, the evidence supporting one ILE over another remains limited and nuanced. Importantly, no currently available ILE replicates the intrauterine supply of critical long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, both of which decline postnatally regardless of emulsion type. Neonates requiring ILE represent a heterogeneous population of preterm and term infants, with …

Trends In The National Resident Matching Program: Shifting Applicant Priorities In The Setting Of Application Limits And Pass/Fail Step 1 Grading, Joshua Morrow, Siena Blackwell, Zibi Gugala, Atul Maheshwari, Peter Boedeker

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: This study evaluated differences in expected and observed proportions of activities, average Step 2 scores, and abstracts, publications, and presentations since the adoption of a 10-experience maximum for residency applications and pass/fail Step 1 grading.

Method: The authors queried National Resident Matching Program data for MD senior applicants from 2016 to 2024 across 22 specialties. Data included average Step 2 scores; research, work, and volunteer experiences; and number of research products for matched and unmatched students by specialty. Repeated-measures multilevel models were used to estimate the difference in observed outcome in 2024 and expected outcome based on trends from …

Development Of 6-Week Tier 2 Intervention Tracks Within An Elementary Mtss Framework, Maxwell Lyle

Capstone Projects

The Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) is designed to provide levels of support with differing intensity that align with student needs. Tier 1 is universal instruction provided to all students in the classroom. Students who do not demonstrate adequate progress may receive Tier 2 interventions, which are primarily small-group and, when appropriate, individual interventions that are skill-specific, time-bound (6–8 weeks), and include progress monitoring. Students who do not respond to Tier 2 may require Tier 3 supports, which are intensive, individualized interventions. Many school systems lack consistent, structured Tier 2 supports, particularly in Occupational Therapy-related skills, such as fine motor …

From Browsing To Building: Navigating Your Google Resource Space (Drive & Site), Libby Cunningham

Capstone Projects

This capstone project aimed to develop a trauma-informed, evidence-based support hub for Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) working with children involved in the foster care system. CASA advocates are frequently exposed to secondary trauma, burnout, and compassion fatigue, which can impact their effectiveness and overall well-being. Additionally, trauma exposure significantly affects children’s emotional regulation, behavior, and participation in daily occupations. The primary objective of this project was to design, develop, and organize a comprehensive digital resource platform tailored to the needs of Kalamazoo CASA and their active cases. Utilizing evidence-based literature on trauma-informed care and secondary trauma, relevant resources were …

The Missing Link Between Occupational Therapy And Hemodialysis: Program Development And Implementing Intradialytic Ot In A Rural Hospital Setting, Madison Maki

Capstone Projects

Occupational therapy (OT) has demonstrated effectiveness in supporting individuals undergoing hemodialysis, a life‑altering yet lifesaving treatment for end‑stage renal disease (ESRD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite this, hospitalized patients who require dialysis often receive reduced rehabilitation services due to the time‑intensive nature of dialysis and the productivity demands placed on therapists. Additionally, gaps in therapist knowledge regarding the unique functional deficits and educational needs of this population further limit service delivery.

This doctoral capstone project (DCE), conducted at Upper Peninsula Health System (UPHS), a hospital in rural Northern Michigan, addressed these barriers through the development of a comprehensive resource …

Addressing Barriers To Occupational Therapy Access For Foster Youth Through Advocacy And Education, Josephine Sanders

Capstone Projects

Occupational therapy (OT) is well positioned to support regulation, sensory processing, and participation in daily activities, yet its role in trauma-informed care is often underrecognized. Foster youth experience disproportionately high rates of trauma exposure, which can affect emotional regulation, behavior, relationships, and participation in meaningful occupations. Despite these needs, barriers within healthcare systems and limited awareness of OT’s role often prevent foster youth from accessing services.

This doctoral capstone experience focused on increasing access to OT for foster youth through advocacy, education, and advanced clinical learning and practice. The experience took place at CAYA Therapies in Grand Rapids, Michigan, where …

Susan Kerr V. County Of Allegheny

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Stricturing Diseases Of The Gastrointestinal Tract—Current Clinical Practice, Monjur Ahmed

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

Gastrointestinal stricture can occur in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, and anorectum. Most of the strictures are benign. The prevalence of esophageal strictures (ES) secondary to eosinophilic esophagitis has increased. Pyloric stenosis (PS) is rarely seen in clinical practice. Sleeve stenosis (SS) and stomal stenosis or gastrojejunal anastomotic stricture (GJAS) are increasingly seen due to bariatric surgery. Crohn's disease (CD) remains a significant challenge even in the biologic era. The symptomatology of strictures depends on the location, severity, and underlying cause. Imaging studies and endoscopic procedures are the primary investigations to diagnose and evaluate strictures. Various treatment modalities are …

Book Review: Hopeful Visions, Practical Actions: Cultural Humility In Library Work Edited By Sarah R. Kostelecky, Lori Townsend, And David A. Hurley, Gina Mik

School of Information Student Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Academic Librarian Burnout: Causes And Responses Edited By Christina Holm, Ana Guimaraes, And Nashieli Marcano, Brianna Gaffney

School of Information Student Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Deklarasi Nasional Hak-Hak Asasi Manusia Sebagai Perwujudan Komitmen Nasional Indonesia Terhadap Pengembangan Dan Perlindungan Hak-Hak Asasi, Hadi Wayarabi

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Social Media Roi: A Case For Reconceptualisation, Daniel Nkrumah, Rose Adjei Asamoah, Roselyn Tanowaa Tanor

Global Advances in Business Communication

Return on Investment (ROI) is a valuable business parameter that measures profitability following an investment. For many corporate organisations, ROI is vital, and in corporate communication, Return on Investment indicates whether advertising and promotional activities are generating the required sales lift. This paper assesses the concept of ROI in corporate communications, with a particular focus on social media Coca Cola. The question that is asked is whether the social media advertising and promotional activities are producing the required sales lift. Using selected case studies, the paper examines the impact of social media promotional activities on the sales and patronage of …

Carrying The Call: A Literature Review On Pastoral Burnout, Nisaa Robinson

College of Arts and Cultural Studies

This literature review examines theory and practice related to the leadership challenge of burnout among Black full-time pastors serving mid—sized urban churches in the Midwestern United States. Utilizing 21 sources across peer—reviewed, professional, popular, and action—network literature, the review applies pragmatic and interpretive research philosophies to evaluate contributing and mitigating factors, conceptual frameworks, validated assessments, and leadership practice implications. The review synthesizes foundational literature, clergy—specific extensions, and culturally responsive scholarship to identify evidence—based insights. Significant gaps in culturally specific, regionally disaggregated research are identified, with implications for future inquiry and organizational leadership practice.

Creating An Enabling Environment For Digital Learners In Higher Education In Uganda, Patricia Isabirye, Mary-Anne Isabirye

Howard University Journal of African Studies (HUJAS)

The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted learning in various institutions in Uganda, which saw the temporary closure of tertiary institutions and the adoption of digital learning, which posed access challenges especially for under-privileged groups. Uninterrupted learning was hampered in various forms for university students due to the lack of affordable digital tools for majority of these learners, inadequate digital facilities within tertiary institutions, and the temporary halt of contact classes by the government. The article explores challenges and opportunities experienced because of the digital approach to learning in Uganda, and proposes user-friendly but affordable solutions to digital literacy, while promoting equitable …

Fairhiveframes-1k: A Public Fair Dataset Of 1265 Annotated Hive Frame Images With Preliminary Yolov8 And Yolov11 Baselines, Vladimir Kulyukin, Reagan Hill, Aleksey Kulyukin

Computer Science Faculty and Staff Publications

In precision apiculture, the portable digital camera is a cost-effective sensor for capturing hive images or videos used to quantify different colony variables. Openly accessible, well-annotated, interoperable cell-level image datasets are still the exception rather than the norm. This shortage constitutes a major barrier to AI-driven approaches aimed at automating image-based comb analysis. In this article, we present FAIRHiveFrames-1K, a publicly available dataset of 1265 annotated hive frame images (1920 × 1080 PNG) designed to facilitate research in AI-intensive image-based comb analysis automation. The dataset, derived from a 2013–2022 U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service multi-sensor research reservoir, includes 124,669 …

From Tradition To Transition: Evaluating Culinary Medicine As A Tool For Metabolic Health Among Nigerian Immigrants In The United States And The United Kingdom, Simi Oduwole M.S.

Department of Nutrition Student Projects

This scoping review examines existing publications to evaluate whether Culinary Medicine can be used as a tool for metabolic health among Nigerian immigrants in the United States and the United Kingdom. Nigeria is one of the fastest-growing populations globally, with increasing migration to high-income countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom. Evidence suggests that Nigerian immigrants experience a rise in diet-related chronic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, as duration of residence increases. This phenomenon is often attributed to dietary acculturation and shifts toward Westernized eating patterns. This scoping review evaluates whether culinary medicine can mitigate …

Sex Differences In Proteomic Response To Ischemic Stroke, Christopher J. Mclouth, Hunter S. Hazelwood, Jacqueline A. Frank, Jordan P. Harp, David Dornbos, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Background: Women often experience greater disability after ischemic stroke than men, but the biological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. Proteomic analysis may identify sex-specific molecular pathways that contribute to stroke rehabilitation and recovery. Methods: We analyzed plasma samples from 141 patients enrolled in the Blood and Clot Thrombectomy Registry and Collaboration (BACTRAC). Expression of 184 inflammatory and cardiometabolic proteins, measured proximal and distal to the clot, was quantified using Olink panels. Associations between protein expression and discharge outcomes – including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) – …

Online Learning During Covid-19: A Case Study Of Ict Equity And Access In A Rural Ghanaian Primary School, Angelina Arrington

Howard University Journal of African Studies (HUJAS)

The COVID-19 global pandemic has caused significant disruption to the continuity of instruction in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (Africa Centers for Disease Control, 2020). School closures that resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated Sub-Saharan Africa’s acute problems with the education systems, especially in terms of access to human and financial resources to effectively make education accessible and equitable to all students. Education in Sub-Saharan Africa has been recognized by education researchers and policy makers as one of the world’s most significant problems (Asongu and Odhiambo 2019; Dembélé and Lefoka 2007; UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2011). The continuation of …

Adaptation Of Digital Environment For African Postgraduate Training And Research-Capacity-Strengthening Networks, Florah Karimi, Beatrice Muganda

Howard University Journal of African Studies (HUJAS)

This article focuses on the experiences of two established postgraduate training and research-capacity-strengthening networks in Africa that sought to remain resilient during the pandemic period through their engagement in the digital environment. These networks are the Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA) and the Partnership for African Social and Governance Research (PASGR). The article seeks to examine how the digital environment featured in postgraduate training and research-capacity-strengthening initiatives prior to the pandemic, how the two networks’ programs adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic constraints, and how these adaptations are being carried over to the post-COVID-19 period. Through CARTA and …

Potential For Effective Telerehabilitation Of Upper-Extremity Orthopedic Injuries In Cameroon: A Mini Review, Thierry Y. Lienou, Mikayla Rai

Howard University Journal of African Studies (HUJAS)

In this mini review, we aimed to critically assess the effectiveness of telerehabilitation interventions for patients with upper-extremity orthopedic conditions, particularly in resource-limited areas such as Cameroon. We employed a rigorous article selection process, resulting in a final set of 13 studies published between 2009 and 2022. These studies examined various upper-extremity conditions across diverse patient demographics and utilized multiple outcome assessments, including standardized functional scores and range of motion measures. We analyzed telerehabilitation platforms, including video conferencing, virtual reality interfaces, mobile applications, and phone-based supervision. Our findings indicate that nine of the 13 studies demonstrated statistically significant improvements in …

Covid-19, The Threat That Became An Opportunity For Digital Learning In Public Higher Education In Africa: Case Study Of Senegal, Yankhouba Seydi

Howard University Journal of African Studies (HUJAS)

Higher Education in Africa has been hit hard by the impact of COVID-19 because of overpopulation and infrastructure shortage at all levels of higher learning system. In such a context where both physical and social distancing measures are counterintuitive to people raised in gregarious social values, the only decision to take seems to be a forced pause until the situation returns to normalcy. In Senegal, universities closed, and students were sent home pursuant to a presidential decree issued on March 16, 2020. However, seven years earlier, the new political authorities of Senegal had launched an ambitious reform agenda through a …

Author Biographies, Mohamed Saliou Camara

Howard University Journal of African Studies (HUJAS)

No abstract provided.

Prompt Engineering For Lawyers: Free Your Mind: Flipped Interactive Prompting And Perspective Switching, Cliff Mckinney

Arkansas Law Notes

The next prompt engineering method we are going to evaluate could be considered a form of the Socratic Method. The flipped interactive prompting method asks the artificial intelligence model to ask clarifying questions in response to a prompt, thereby refining and deepening the analytical quality of an answer. This method can be especially useful in litigation or when an issue is controversial or subject to multiple interpretations.

After exploring prompt engineering, we will then turn to perspective switching. Perspective switching allows the artificial intelligence model to switch between different viewpoints or roles. For instance, the model might start by acting …

Parents' Experiences And Reported Outcomes Of Family-Centred Care: A Qualitative Systematic Review, Cansel Kocakabak, Agnes Van Den Hoogen, Melissa Rothfus, Marsha Campbell-Yeo, Aurelia Abenstein, Anna Axelin, Patricia Schofield, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction: Having an infant admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is a distressing experience for parents. Family-centred care (FCC) has been shown to improve outcomes for both infants and parents. However, there is inconsistency in reporting outcomes in FCC studies. The aim of this qualitative systematic review is to synthesise the experiences of parents related to FCC and to identify outcomes derived from these experiences to inform a Core Outcome Set (COS) for FCC in neonatal research and practice. Methods: This review included qualitative studies exploring parental experiences of FCC in NICUs. Databases searched were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane …

Sex Differences In Proteomic Response To Ischemic Stroke, Christopher J. Mclouth, Hunter S. Hazelwood, Jacqueline A. Frank, Jordan P. Harp, David Dornbos Iii, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Background: Women often experience greater disability after ischemic stroke than men, but the biological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. Proteomic analysis may identify sex-specific molecular pathways that contribute to stroke rehabilitation and recovery.

Methods: We analyzed plasma samples from 141 patients enrolled in the Blood and Clot Thrombectomy Registry and Collaboration (BACTRAC). Expression of 184 inflammatory and cardiometabolic proteins, measured proximal and distal to the clot, was quantified using Olink panels. Associations between protein expression and discharge outcomes – including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment …

Sex Differences In Proteomic Response To Ischemic Stroke, Christopher J. Mclouth, Hunter S. Hazelwood, Jacqueline A. Frank, Jordan P. Harp, David Dornbos, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Background: Women often experience greater disability after ischemic stroke than men, but the biological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. Proteomic analysis may identify sex-specific molecular pathways that contribute to stroke rehabilitation and recovery.

Methods: We analyzed plasma samples from 141 patients enrolled in the Blood and Clot Thrombectomy Registry and Collaboration (BACTRAC). Expression of 184 inflammatory and cardiometabolic proteins, measured proximal and distal to the clot, was quantified using Olink panels. Associations between protein expression and discharge outcomes – including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) – …

Development Of Resources To Support Independence In And Access To Nature-Based Activities, Riley Carpender

Capstone Projects

This capstone paper discusses the need for resources that support independence in and access to nature-based activities that support health and wellbeing. Occupational therapists (OTs) have expertise in recommending and implementing adaptations to increase individuals’ engagement in nature-based activities. There is currently a gap in the literature regarding access to nature-based activities, and a lack of understanding of how these activities may be implemented, either by caregivers, educators or healthcare professionals. During my capstone I created a guide with modifications for gardening activities for children, wrote an article on how to adapt nature journaling to be more accessible, coded and …