Digital Commons Network^™

The Future Of Clovers In Forage Systems And As Cover Crops, J. H. Bouton, John R. Caradus

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Clovers (Trifolium spp.) are the most widely used genera of legumes in forage systems, although only a limited number of the hundreds of perennial and annual species are commercially available. The number of varieties available within each of the main commercial species can be high and demonstrates past breeding achievements. Success relates to any clover’s ability to persist in mixtures with other forage species, across a range of soil types, management systems, and climates, while providing animal nutrition and biologically fixed nitrogen benefits. Uses range from traditional pasture mixtures with grasses to inclusion in multi-species mixtures, and as cover …

3rd Annual Hu Research Symposium Program 2021, Akeisha Belgrave, Erica Ward, Rebekah Harriger

Harrisburg University Research Symposium: Highlighting Research, Innovation, & Creativity

3rd Annual HU Research Symposium program and schedule of presenters. Presentations were held April 21st, 2021 virtually on the Teams platform.

Effectiveness And Cost Of Shrub Removal Methods In Degraded Woodlands Being Converted To Silvopasture, S. Cartoni-Casamitjana, M. J. Renz

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Transforming degraded woodlands to silvopasture is of interest in the Midwestern USA as it increases profitability of farms and benefits animal health. Invasive shrubs within woodlands, however, are a major obstacle to silvopasture establishment. Research was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness, cost and resulting herbaceous canopy light interception of common brush-control methods when used alone or integrated over a two-year timeframe. Five treatments were established in a randomized complete block design. In the first year, treatments were either forestry mowed (mow) or rotationally grazed by goats (goats) at a stocking density of 5700 to 6000 kg per hectare. In the …

Grass Vegetation Dynamics In Wetlands With Different Utilization, Dorai Pandian Kannan

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The land-use patterns, combined with the biotic interactions, are likely to substantially affect the grass community of tropical wetlands. However, we need more information to understand the vegetation cover and, particularly, the diversity of grasses in the protected sites, where the naturally occurring interactions with extreme complexity. Hence a thorough understanding of these interactive effects on grass dynamics would help develop wildlife management guidelines to predict the grass-woody herbs and other associated vegetation. In light of this, a beta vegetation survey and diversity analysis in two varying wetland ecosystems of natural mountain streams and temporary ponds. Grass communities occurred along …

Weed Management Affects Pasture Productivity And Animal Performance, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., I. L. Brêtas, L. M. D. Queiroz, H. A. Koury

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Weed can be defined as any plant growing in undesirable locations. Weeds are considered one of the main challenges in agricultural fields. Weeds affect pasture productivity mainly because of the competition for limited resources such as nutrients, water, and light with forage plants. Weeds encroach pastures spontaneously and spread quickly through the farm and neighboring areas, making their control difficult. In addition, weeds can affect forage nutritive value, grazing behaviour, voluntary forage intake, animal health, and consequently animal performance. The low efficiency of mechanical weeding and the global concern about indiscriminate use of herbicides impose challenges for producers in grazing …

Development Of Seed Production Of Important Grass And Legume Species In Poland In Relation To The European Market, Barbara Golińska, Piotr Goliński

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An analysis was carried out on the status of seed production of most important grass and legume species in Poland in terms of the area of seed crops and their seed yield on the background of the European market. Particular attention in the analysis was paid to the dominant species in the reproductive area of varieties of forage and turfgrasses and small-seeded legumes in Poland and in Europe, i.e. Lolium perenne L., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Festuca rubra L. and Trifolium pratense L. For analysis the ESCAA and Polish Main Inspectorate of Plant Health and Seed Inspection data from 2004‒2021 were …

A Comparison Of Four Methods Of Botanical Analysis In Kentucky Cattle Pastures, Echo Elizabeth Gotsick, S. Ray Smith, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Throughout the many decades of grassland and forage research, practitioners have used many different methods to assess botanical composition. While a few of these methods have proven to be accurate and efficient, there has been limited direct comparison between methods. The objective of this study was to determine an accurate and efficient method to determine botanical composition for researchers, practitioners, and students. Six farms with two pastures each were monitored across the state of Kentucky. Sampling started fall 2020 and continued through fall 2022 with measurements taken three times a year using the following measurement techniques: step point, visual estimation, …

Short-Term Effect Of Forage Grasses On Carbon Sustainability, Fodder Security, And Soil Properties In Poor Soils Of Semi-Arid India, H. M. Halli, P. Govindasamy, M. Choudhary, R. Srinivasan, M. Prasad, Vinod K. Wasnik, Vijay Kumar Yadav, A. K. Singh, S. Kumar, D. Vijay

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grasses are essential sources of fodder for livestock and provide options for climate resilience due to their broad range of adoption. They are also valuable resources for soil quality enhancement. Therefore, a six-year field study using nine grasses (2013 to 2019) was initiated in a semi-arid region of central India. The study aimed to assess the short-term impact of these nine grasses on soil carbon stock, selected soil physiochemical and biological properties, and green fodder yield. Results (after six years) revealed that a greater carbon stock (7.0 and 7.2 Mg ha^–1), carbon sustainability index (71.6 and 89.3), and …

Improvement In The Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Uptake Of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne) Caused By The Epichloë Fungal Endophyte Ar37, M. A. Harmer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The forage yield and pasture persistence benefits of Epichloë fungal endophyte strain AR37 (AR37) in high rainfall perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) pastures in Australia and New Zealand are recognised. However, the effect of beneficial endophytes on nitrogen (N) use efficiency, yield response to applied N and N uptake had not been determined.

To investigate this, a replicated trial was managed for three years under irrigation in southern Australia. Five N application rates (0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 kg N/ha) were applied every second harvest to a tetraploid perennial ryegrass variety with and without AR37. Ryegrass biomass was …

Using A Radiometric Method To Determine The Silage Density In Bunker Silos, Thomas Hoffmann, Andree Jacobs

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Certain minimum densities should be targeted when storing silage in bunker silos. Often the minimum density is not reached. As a result, high losses can occur. This study aims to develop a measuring device for online density measurement. The basis of the measuring device is a source of caesium radiation with an activity of 37 MBq and a sodium iodide scintillation detector. The measuring device uses the backscattering method. Source and detector are arranged in a measuring wheel, which is connected with the tractor via the rear three-point linkage. Both, the current density as well as the density increase in …

Stability And Purity Of Epichloë Endophyte Infection In New Zealand Ryegrass Pastures, David E. Hume, Grant M. Rennie, W. Mcg. King, A. L. Taylor, Marty J. Faville, D. Luo, Katherine N. Tozer

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in New Zealand pastures is typically infected with the mutualist Epichloë fungal endophyte, which assists the plant in resisting biotic and abiotic stresses. Ryegrass that has naturalised in New Zealand is highly infected with the ‘Standard’ strain of endophyte. This strain provides good protection from a range of invertebrate pests but negatively impacts livestock productivity and health in the warmer seasons of the year. Grass-endophyte associations have been developed between elite perennial ryegrass cultivars and selected endophyte strains to provide protective properties to the host plant and lessen or eliminate the negative effects on …

A Global Perspective Of Epichloë Endophyte Toxicity In Sown Pastures, David E. Hume, S. C. Finch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The asexual Epichloë fungal endophytes that form mutualistic, obligate, asymptomatic associations with ryegrasses (Lolium spp.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) are critical components of pastures in the USA, Australia and New Zealand. Research has convincingly demonstrated that these endophytes enhance agronomic performance of their grass hosts, due to protection from biotic and abiotic stresses such as insect pests and drought. However, although beneficial in terms of enhancing forage quantity, the widespread occurrence of ‘common-toxic’ strains of endophyte negatively impacts the quality of forage for livestock. These bioprotective and anti-quality properties are due to endophyte-expressed secondary metabolites. It …

My Son Went Quiet; Shadow, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a review of two short films: My Son Went Quiet(2024), directed by Ian Bawa, and Shadow (2024), directed by Kamell Allaway

Bliss, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Bliss (2022), directed by Joe Maggio.

Dosh, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Dosh (2023), directed by Radha Mehta.

Eindis Ends It All, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Eindis Ends It All (2022), directed by Tamara Rosenfeld.

You Were Never Really Here, Monica Blizek

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of You Were Never Really Here (2023), directed by Flor Portieri.

Demon Mineral, Brady Desanti

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Demon Mineral (2024), directed by Hadley Austin.

Leilani's Fortune, William L. Blizek, Monica Blizek

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Leilani's Fortune (2024), directed by Loveleen Kaur.

2018 2nd Place: Identifying The Effectiveness Of Plant Extracts For Treating Biofilms Of Escherichia Coli And Myxococcus Xanthus, Micah Burton

Harrisburg University Research Symposium: Highlighting Research, Innovation, & Creativity

Antibiotic resistance is a topic that is of growing concern in the field of medicine. Antibiotics act as growth blockers or act as toxins, killing the organism they affect. These biological weapons generate selective pressure leading to the current antibiotic crisis. This selective pressure causes resistant organisms to begin to emerge and over generations antibiotic resistance can develop and be spread among a bacterial population.

One of the key factors contributing to antibiotic resistance in bacteria is the ability for some bacteria to form and shield themselves within biofilms. Biofilms are masses of bacteria protected by a polysaccharide/ extracellular DNA …

Common Ground, 1996, V1 N1, February, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: First issue of "Common Ground", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This initial issue is titled, "Clinical Ethics News", but the title is changed in the following issues after a naming competition is announced in this issue. This issue has a case study on a Jehovah's Witness patient, a review of the Home Care Ethics Committee, and other ethical news.

Common Ground, 1996, V1 N2, April, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "Common Ground", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a case study on health care decisions for minors, updates from ethics committees at various Advocate hospitals, and other medical and bioethical news.

Common Ground, 1996, V1 N3, June, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "Common Ground", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a case study on insurance, updates from ethics committees at various Advocate hospitals, and other medical and bioethical news.

Common Ground, 1996, V1 N4, August, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "Common Ground", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a case study on placebos, updates from ethics committees at various Advocate hospitals, and other medical and bioethical news.

Common Ground, 1996, V1 N5, October, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "Common Ground", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a case study on sex selective abortion, updates from ethics committees at various Advocate hospitals, and other medical and bioethical news.

Common Ground, 1997, V2 N1, January, Advocate Aurora Health

Historical Documents - Combined

The Park Ridge Center, Chicago, IL: Issue of "Common Ground", a publication from The Park Ridge Center for the Study of Health, Faith and Ethics, associated with Lutheran General Hospital. This issue has a case study on guardianship and medical authorization, updates from ethics committees at various Advocate hospitals, and other medical and bioethical news. This is the last issue that has been located of this publication.

Review: Potential Of Using Seaweed Silage Inoculated With Lactic Acid Bacteria And Its Impact Towards Sustainable Animal Feed, Azziza Mala, Subha Bhassu, Norhidayah Mohd Taufek, Najiah M. Sadali, Siran Wang, Shao Tao, Elnour Mohamed, Adibi N, Nor

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Since ancient times, seaweed has been used to supplement animal feed in coastal areas.

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for seaweed as an animal feed. Effective preservation methods are required because of annual variations in seaweed availability and biochemical composition. Ensiling could be an effective method to preserve seaweeds for animal feed applications. Using lactic acid bacteria is a substitute biological technique for keeping and restoring the usual physiological state of the animal and increasing efficiency. The aim of this review is the potential of using lactic acid bacteria as an inoculant for seaweed silage for …

Comparison Of Degradation Gradients Of A Conventional Vs A High Pressure Grazing System, P. J. Malan, Jamie Paulse

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grazing management is important for general ecosystem health and sustainable livestock production. Historic grazing practices caused grassland degradation. Regenerative grazing practices can improve soil and plant health. This study aimed to determine if a high pressure grazing approach, in fact improves soil and plant health, compared to a conventional grazing system. A degradation gradient (away from watering places) approach were followed. The study site is situated in the Kalahari bushveld bioregion of the North West province of South Africa. Two adjacent farms were selected, one practicing a conventional four camp rotational grazing system, and the other practicing high pressure grazing …

Nutritive Value Of South-Central Kentucky Forbs, Tyler M. Miller, S. R. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

South Central Kentucky pastures serve as a host for a plethora of forbs found throughout the Upper South and Midwest United States. In this region, forbs can be numerous within pastures that are under- managed. Many producers view forbs as unwanted or weedy species and may not fully understand the value that some of these forbs provide to beef cattle. With little scientific information found on the subject for the specific geographic area, the purpose of this study was to determine what types of forbs will provide adequate nutrition for lactating beef cows. Three pastures from separate farms were used …

Chlorophyll And Mineral Dynamics Of Perennial Grass Species Found In Semi- Arid Rangelands Of South Africa, N. H. Msiza, K. E. Ravhuhali, H. K. Mokoboki, Sydney Mavengahama, L. E. Motsei

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Minerals are essential for ruminants and are mostly provided by grass species. Their growth stage is vital in the supply of these minerals. Perennial grass species have been mostly undervalued, owing to the scarce information concerning their potential feeding value and little documentation about their potential nutritive value in different growth stages. This study was conducted to investigate the chlorophyll and mineral concentration of grass species at different growth stages under greenhouse conditions at the North-West University Experimental farm, North West province, South Africa. The soil, collected from different villages, was mixed and samples were drawn for chemical analysis before …