Digital Commons Network^™

Heterogeneity And Plasticity Of The Naïve Cd4+ T Cell Compartment, Alia Sajani

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Recent studies have illuminated unexpected heterogeneity in the naïve T cell compartment. Using single cell RNA sequencing of mouse naïve CD4⁺ T cells, we identified 5 unique transcriptional subsets within the naïve CD4⁺ T cell compartment. These include a quiescence cluster (T^Q) marked by Klf2, Klf6, Jun and Btg2, a memory-like cluster (T^MEM) marked by Ccr7, Il7r and Tcf7, a TCR reactive cluster (T^TCR) marked by Cd5, Cd6 and Nr4a1, an IFN responsive cluster (T^IFN) marked by Stat1, Irf7 and Ifit1 and …

“I Never Explicitly Brought That Up To My Mentor”: Early Career Teachers Of Color Navigating Whiteness With White Mentors In A University-Based Induction Program, Annie Daly, Saba Khan Vlach, Susan Tily, Jessi Murdter-Atkinson, Beth Maloch

SAGE Open Access Agreement Publications-Archive

We examined how three early career teachers of color (TOC) experienced mentoring with white mentors in a university-based induction program within a large urban school district. We found cross-racial pairs privileged whiteness by pursuing “success” through standardized teaching methods (e.g., classroom management) while also avoiding discussions about race, leaving little space or reason to address the overt forms of racism mentees experienced during their first year of teaching. Our findings highlight the need to bring race and racism to the forefront of university-based mentoring to address the harm early career TOC experience in entering a profession dominated by whiteness.

Structural Basis Of Dna Crossover Capture By Escherichia Coli Dna Gyrase, Marlène Vayssières, Nils Marechal, Long Yun, Brian Lopez Duran, Naveen Kumar Murugasamy, Jonathan M Fogg, Lynn Zechiedrich, Marc Nadal, Valérie Lamour

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

DNA supercoiling must be precisely regulated by topoisomerases to prevent DNA entanglement. The interaction of type IIA DNA topoisomerases with two DNA molecules, enabling the transport of one duplex through the transient double-stranded break of the other, remains elusive owing to structures derived solely from single linear duplex DNAs lacking topological constraints. Using cryo–electron microscopy, we solved the structure of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase bound to a negatively supercoiled minicircle DNA. We show how DNA gyrase captures a DNA crossover, revealing both conserved molecular grooves that accommodate the DNA helices. Together with molecular tweezer experiments, the structure shows that the …

Water, Sanitation, And Hygiene Infrastructure And Resources In Schools In Belize During The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2021-2023, Anh N Ly, Kelsey Mcdavid, Christina Craig, Dian Maheia, Yolanda Gongora, Alexandra Medley, Francis Morey, Russell Manzanero, Gerhaldine Morazan, Allison Lino, Vickie Romero, Rosalva Blanco, Kanako Ishida, Matthew Lozier, Kristy O Murray

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) resources in schools is critical for disease prevention and control, especially during public health emergencies. In Belize, systematic, national data on WASH in schools are needed to inform public health decisions and interventions. From December 2021 to January 2022, a national survey was sent electronically to government and government-aided primary and secondary schools in Belize (N = 308) to gather information on WASH services. From the survey, 12 pilot schools were selected based on the highest self-reported need for WASH resources to participate in additional evaluation and intervention, which included environmental nudges, supplemental …

An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study To Understand Stakeholder Collaboration In Precision Medicine, Worlanyo Sosu-Sedzorme

Doctor of Philosophy in Translational Health Sciences Dissertations

Background: Precision medicine is a promising approach to healthcare that can improve the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of various health conditions. However, its implementation into clinical practice is complex and requires effective collaboration among multiple stakeholders. Unfortunately, the current state of stakeholder collaboration in precision medicine is poorly understood.

Objective: This study explored stakeholder collaboration in precision medicine to identify barriers and facilitators and propose recommendations for effective collaboration.

Study participants: The study recruited thirty-eight individuals involved in precision medicine, including providers, patients or guardians, administrative personnel, and researchers from multiple healthcare organizations, mainly in the mid-Atlantic …

Ensemble-Based Mutational Profiling And Network Analysis Of The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Omicron Xbb Lineages For Interactions With The Ace2 Receptor And Antibodies: Cooperation Of Binding Hotspots In Mediating Epistatic Couplings Underlies Binding Mechanism And Immune Escape, Nishank Raisinghani, Mohammed Alshahrani, Grace Gupta, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this study, we performed a computational study of binding mechanisms for the SARS-CoV-2 spike Omicron XBB lineages with the host cell receptor ACE2 and a panel of diverse class one antibodies. The central objective of this investigation was to examine the molecular factors underlying epistatic couplings among convergent evolution hotspots that enable optimal balancing of ACE2 binding and antibody evasion for Omicron variants BA.1, BA2, BA.3, BA.4/BA.5, BQ.1.1, XBB.1, XBB.1.5, and XBB.1.5 + L455F/F456L. By combining evolutionary analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, and ensemble-based mutational scanning of spike protein residues in complexes with ACE2, we identified structural stability and binding …

Hsc Connects Newsletter - April 12, 2024, Unm Hsc Communications

HSC Connects Newsletters

Weekly newsletter of the UNM Health Sciences Center.

Non-Traumatic Osteonecrosis Of The Femoral Head Induced By Steroid And Alcohol Exposure Is Associated With Intestinal Flora Alterations And Metabolomic Profiles, Qing-Yuan Zheng, Ye Tao, Lei Geng, Peng Ren, Ming Ni, Guo-Qiang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a severe disease that primarily affects the middle-aged population, imposing a significant economic and social burden. Recent research has linked the progression of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) to the composition of the gut microbiota. Steroids and alcohol are considered major contributing factors. However, the relationship between NONFH caused by two etiologies and the microbiota remains unclear. In this study, we examined the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic phenotypes of two groups of patients, and analyzed potential differences in the pathogenic mechanisms from both the microbial and metabolic perspectives.

METHODS: …

Genome-Wide Screening Identifies Trim33 As An Essential Regulator Of Dendritic Cell Differentiation, Ioanna Tiniakou, Pei-Feng Hsu, Lorena S Lopez-Zepeda, Görkem Garipler, Eduardo Esteva, Nicholas M Adams, Geunhyo Jang, Chetna Soni, Colleen M Lau, Fan Liu, Alireza Khodadadi-Jamayran, Tori C Rodrick, Drew Jones, Aristotelis Tsirigos, Uwe Ohler, Mark T Bedford, Stephen D Nimer, Vesa Kaartinen, Esteban O Mazzoni, Boris Reizis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The development of dendritic cells (DCs), including antigen-presenting conventional DCs (cDCs) and cytokine-producing plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), is controlled by the growth factor Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) and its receptor Flt3. We genetically dissected Flt3L-driven DC differentiation using CRISPR-Cas9-based screening. Genome-wide screening identified multiple regulators of DC differentiation including subunits of TSC and GATOR1 complexes, which restricted progenitor growth but enabled DC differentiation by inhibiting mTOR signaling. An orthogonal screen identified the transcriptional repressor Trim33 (TIF-1γ) as a regulator of DC differentiation. Conditional targeting in vivo revealed an essential role of Trim33 in the development of all DCs, but not of monocytes …

Awareness, Attitudes, And Beliefs Of Dementia In Indonesia, Nicolas Farina, Esra Hassan, Imelda Theresia, Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Ika Suswanti, Tara Puspitarini Sani, Sara Evans-Lacko, Sube Banerjee, Yuda Turana

Peninsula Medical School

INTRODUCTION: Tackling dementia stigma is a policy priority. In Indonesia, we have little insight into the general public's knowledge and attitudes about dementia. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of 4430 Indonesian adults recruited from Jakarta and North Sumatra, Indonesia. Measures included dementia knowledge and attitudes. RESULTS: A total of 86.3% (n = 3,803) of adults had not heard of the terms dementia or Alzheimer's disease, and commonly viewed dementia as a normal part of aging. Being older, incorrect knowledge about etiology, not having heard of the terms dementia and/or Alzheimer's disease, having less than primary education, and being from North Sumatra were …

Perceived Recovery States And Physical Fitness In Reserve Officers’ Training Corps Cadets, Lianne Emanuel, Jessie Hirsch, James Bodendorf, Amy Loin, Gregory Ioannides, Aliya Catanzarita, Tarek Harhash, Joseph Schnatter, Isaac Stein, Sean Kane, Julianne Rung, Katie Sell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets are challenged mentally, emotionally, and physically with the physical fitness requirements (e.g., Army Combat Fitness Test or ACFT) required within their military science curriculum. Common physical fitness tests such as those for strength, power, and balance can provide insight into the recovery and readiness status of tactical athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between scores on the Short Recovery and Stress Scale (SRSS) and performance on a physical fitness test battery assessing balance, mobility, body composition, muscular strength, and power in collegiate ROTC cadets. METHODS: Seventeen ROTC cadets …

Comparing The Effect Of N-95 Vs Surgical Mask Use On Resting Metabolic Data Change, Robert Steinberg, Alexander Rothstein, Amerigo Rossi, Alyssa Hillian, Joanne Difrancisco-Donoghue

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Face masks reduce the spread of viral respiratory particles, however, their impact on respiratory physiology requires further research. Previous studies reported reduced gas exchange when wearing a surgical mask, however, breath-by-breath data has not been analyzed. PURPOSE: To compare physiological changes when wearing an N95 mask and surgical mask at rest. Variables measured include oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide ventilation (VC02), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), minute ventilation (MV), and discomfort. METHODS: 42 subjects ages 18-55 (19 men; age 22.98±3.83) were recruited. Exclusion criteria was a history of metabolic disease/claustrophobia. Respiratory and metabolic data was …

Effects Of Electrical Exercise On Self-Reported Depression And Quality Of Life In Those With Spinal Cord Injury, Aj Barber, Eric Heidorn, John Mcdaniel, Cody S. Dulaney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

One of the most common psychological disorders that occur as a result of spinal cord injury (SCI) is depression along with reductions in quality of life. Moreover, depression is correlated with quality of life. It is increasingly apparent that exercise offers an accessible and non-pharmacological intervention to ease depressive symptoms and improve quality of life. Unfortunately, access to meaningful exercise options remains challenging to those with mobility impairments such as those seen with SCI. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the chronic engagement of home-based electrical stimulation exercise (ESE) on self-reported depression and quality of life …

Effects Of Electrical Exercise And Affect On Self-Reported Anxiety In Those With Spinal Cord Injury, John Zimmerman, Eric Heidorn, John Mcdaniel, Cody S. Dulaney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Those who have incurred a spinal cord injury (SCI) have severe and immediate changes to their lifestyle. Those with SCI have reported reduced levels of positive affect and no change in negative affect compared to controls. Also, those with SCI may have reduced opportunities for engaging in meaningful exercise either due to mobility or equipment access limitations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the chronic engagement of home-based electrical stimulation exercise (ESE) on self-reported anxiety and positive and negative affect. METHODS: 9 individuals with ASIA A or B SCI were recruited for this study. Participants …

Demonstrating The Effects Of Blood Flow Restriction During Online Strength Training In Older Adults, Daniela Presta

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training entails limiting perfusion to specific body areas, allowing low-intensity exercise to simulate the effects of high-intensity workouts. Combining BFR and online exercise classes is a novel way of potentially improving both effectiveness and accessibility of training to an older population. It is essential to maintain strength as people age in order to avoid or manage physiological conditions like sarcopenia and osteoporosis. PURPOSE: To investigate if in five weeks of online low-intensity resistance training, improvements in strength will be greater among the older adults wearing BFR straps. METHODS: Men and women (mean age = …

Association Between Social Media Use, Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder And Psychological Health In Urban College Students, Andy Velasco-Arriola, Galila Werber-Zion

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The online fitness industry has expanded significantly in recent years. Since 2014, TikTok, Instagram and Snapchat have also grown tremendously, resulting in young adults spending hours scrolling on their smartphones looking at perceived ideal-body images. Muscle dysmorphia is a form of body disorder indicated by a pathological desire for increased muscle mass. Among American college students, the most prevalent diagnosed mental health problems are anxiety disorder and/or depression. PURPOSE: This pilot study evaluated the relationship between social media use, psychological health, and muscle dysmorphic disorder in ethnically diverse students attending an urban commuter college. METHODS: Forty-three students (mean age = …

Restoring Effective Sleep Time In Post Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Project, Brooke Watts Bsn, Rn

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: Restoring Effective Sleep Time in Post Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Project

Brooke Watts, BSN, RN, DNP Student, Murray State University

Dr. Kristin Reid, DNP, APRN, ACNS-BC, DNP Program Director/Assistant Professor Murray State University

Aims: This quality improvement project was developed using DNP project guidelines provided through Murray State University and was designed to improve sleep in hospitalized cardiac surgery patients.

Processes: IRB approval was obtained from the healthcare institution and academic institution. This two-phase quality improvement project was designed to analyze the effects of a change in normalized hospital routines on self-reported sleep in post-cardiac surgery patients. …

Development And Evaluation Of Trauma Informed Care Education For Licensed Nurses, Kristina O'Meara

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Trauma informed care nursing education is crucial. Trauma informed care is a method of providing health care which understands the likelihood of past and present traumatic events in patients and families. The experience of past or present trauma often led to chronic diseases, substance abuse disorder, fragmented health care, fears surrounding health care, chronic stress, and other negative health consequences. The purpose of this project is to increase licensed nurses’ awareness and ability to practice trauma informed care in clinical practice, as well as promote policy initiation within the health care facilities. Method planning integrated the Knowledge to Action Cycle. …

Will The Implementation Of Nurse Competency Days Improve Knowledge And Satisfaction In Nursing Staff Of A Community Health Center?, Christina Morton

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Background: Nursing competencies are important for quality of care, patient safety, and identifying gaps in knowledge and skills. Patient harm has been linked to a lack of competency and insufficient policy and procedures.

Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to achieve standardization of nursing competencies within nurse-led clinics.

Aims: The aims of this project were to validate select competency days and determine the satisfaction of the competency days by the participants. The second aim of this project was to develop an electronic tracking form. A third aim was to develop and present a policy and procedure …

The Effects Of Age, Employment, Marriage, And Education On Academic Motivation In Undergraduate Nursing Students, Jessica Hamm Msn Rn Phd Student

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

The Effects of Age, Employment, Marriage, and Education on Academic Motivation in Undergraduate Nursing Students

Purpose: The amount of research on non-cognitive variables affecting motivation is limited in nursing students. By using Self-Determination Theory, faculty can determine what motivates students to learn which will allow the creation of a learning environment that promotes student achievement.

Aim: To determine the effect age, marriage status, employment, and education level have on academic motivation in nursing students in the third semester of a baccalaureate nursing program within the framework of Self-Determination Theory.

Method: A descriptive correlational design was used to identify the effect …

Comparisons Of Using Alcohol, Coping Strategies, Anxiety, And Depression Between Usa And Taiwanese College Students, Pi-Ming Yeh Associate Professor, Cheng-Huei Chiao Professor, Jennchang Liou Professor

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: In this study, we compared United States (US) and Taiwanese college students’ using alcohol, coping strategies, anxiety, and depression.

Research Questions:

1. What were the differences in demographic characteristics, using alcohol, coping strategies, anxiety, and depression between US and Taiwanese college students?

2. What were the relationships between US and Taiwanese college students’ using alcohol, coping strategies, anxiety, and depression?

3. How much of US and Taiwanese college students’ anxiety and depression were predicted by their use of alcohol, coping strategies?

Methods: Four hundred and one US and 180 Taiwanese college students were recruited in this study. This was …

Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 7 Special Issue: Mediatization

Human-Machine Communication

This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 7. Special Issue on Mediatization

Smoothing Out Smart Tech’S Rough Edges: Imperfect Automation And The Human Fix, Christian Katzenbach, Christian Pentzold, Paloma Viejo Otero

Human-Machine Communication

In this article, we take issue with an idea of autonomous and efficient automation that is upheld through the paradoxical conjunction of a flawed vision of the technological fix and the under-acknowledged human work required to fill in the gaps between machines and users. Our argument is based on two case studies that sit at opposite tails of automation processes: the front end of self-service checkouts and the back end of content moderation. This juxtaposition allows us to surface three themes on how the hype around automation is enabled by human interventions: the ad-hoc sociality in situated practices of automation, …

Mediatization And Human-Machine Communication: Trajectories, Discussions, Perspectives, Andreas Hepp, Göran Bolin, Andrea L. Guzman, Wiebke Loosen

Human-Machine Communication

As research fields, mediatization and Human-Machine Communication (HMC) have distinct historical trajectories. While mediatization research is concerned with the fundamental interrelation between the transformation of media and communications and cultural and societal changes, the much younger field of HMC delves into human meaning-making in interactions with machines. However, the recent wave of “deep mediatization,” characterized by an increasing emphasis on general communicative automation and the rise of communicative AI, highlights a shared interest in technology’s role within human interaction. This introductory article examines the trajectories of both fields, demonstrating how mediatization research “zooms out” from overarching questions of societal and …

Quacking For Noggin: Farm Animal Assisted Therapy For The Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors, Alex Sargsyan

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

The Aim

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Animal Assisted Therapies with Farm Animals (AATF) with domesticated ducks on depression, anxiety, and self-efficacy in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) . Furthermore, the following hypothesis was tested:

Engaging in AATF with domesticated ducks will be associated with decrease in depression, anxiety, and an increase in self-efficacy.

Methods

The study examined the effects of AATF on anxiety and depression among patients with TBI. Time series quasi-experimental design structure was utilized. At the beginning of the study participants received Hospital Anxiety and Depression Survey (HADS) and General …

Integration Of Mental Health And Enabling Services In A Rural School-Based Setting: An Evidence-Based Initiative, Kim Ferguson, Teresa Carnevale

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

The Rural Expansion Program for At-risk Communities to Promote Health Outcomes through the Integration of Mental health and Enabling services in an Existing Primary Care School-Based Setting (REACH ME) program was established to increase access to mental health services at two existing school-based health centers (SBHC) in rural Hancock County, TN. These SBHCs are among the most unique in the nation, holding designations as federally funded qualified health centers - proving primary care services in a geographically isolated, rural, and medically underserved area. The aim of the project is increasing the number of patients receiving mental health and enabling services …

Nursing Burnout: The Impact Of Fatigue On Patient Outcomes, Leah Mccloud, Kera F. Putnam, Dylan Zeller, Pressley Davis

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Introduction & Background: Nursing burnout is caused by high stress that leads to lack of motivation. Our goal is to review the literature to evaluate the impact of nurse burnout on nursing care.

Purpose Statement & Research Question: The purpose of this literature review was to find the impact on nursing care in response to nursing burnout.

Literature Review: These articles were derived from a variety of databases, including PubMed, JSTOR and CINHAL from the last 5 years by entering search criteria such as: “nursing burnout impact on patient care,” “nursing burnout”, “registered nurses”, “effects of burnout”, “consequences”, “turnover,” “nursing …

Health Literacy And Diabetes Outcomes In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes In Southwest Virginia, Casandra Reyes Arellano

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: To determine if a quality improvement project involving individualized, one-on-one Diabetes education will improve health literacy and Diabetes outcomes in adults with Type 2 Diabetes in a rural primary care clinic. Diabetes is a chronic condition affecting the United States with 9.6% of Virginia’s population living with Diabetes.

Aims: To improve patient’s Diabetes literacy scores, BMI, and Hemoglobin A1c levels through Diabetes education.

Processes: There are pre- and post-education phases. Data to be collected at the end of both phases consist of DNT15 scores, BMI, and A1c. In the pre-education phase, BMI was obtained, DNT15 was administered, and Diabetes …

Implementation Of Provider-Made Follow-Up Appointments For Depression In Primary Care, Rebecca Vaughn

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Implementation of provider-made follow-up appointments for depression in primary care

Rebecca Vaughn

College of Nursing, East Tennessee State University; Whitson Hester School of Nursing, Tennessee Technological University

Author Note

Rebecca Vaughn https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0731-3316 College of Nursing, East Tennessee State University

There are no conflicts of interest to disclose.

Corresponding concerning this manuscript should be addressed to Rebecca Vaughn

108 Reed Mill Lane Monroe TN 38573

[email protected]

Abstract

Depression is a common condition diagnosed and managed in primary care.

Follow-up is inconsistent and low in these settings, creating a gap in care that

impacts management, adherence to treatment, and patient outcomes. The …

Best Practice: Peripheral Iv Flushing And Catheter Changes, Adrianna Fransman, Joseph Callahan, Madelyn Liudahl, Anna Dewitt

Celebration of Research

A literature review between August 2023 and November 2023 took a closer look into antibiotic peripheral intravenous line flushing and tubing changes. Ten articles were reviewed: five relating to antibiotic line flushing and five relating to peripheral intravenous catheter changes. This review aimed to determine the best and most effective practices related to PIV antibiotic flushing and peripheral intravenous catheter replacement which in turn decreases the risk of infection, injury, and medication errors, along with increased medication efficacy. The evidence for interventions that promote the most effective outcomes in patients with peripheral intravenous lines is presented.