Digital Commons Network^™

From “Defilement” To “Modernity”: How Japan's Encounter With The West Brought Beef To The Table, Ying Yi Tan

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

The long Tokugawa – Meiji transition (1850s – 1880s) is arguably one of the most profound socio-economic transitions that Japan underwent in its history. This paper uses beef consumption in Japan as a lens to further investigate the players involved in this transition. Historically more eschewed than other types of meat and tightly associated with the notion of the “other,” beef became an embodiment of progress and modernity during the Meiji Period. Through tracing the historical shift in the Japanese perception of beef, this paper argues that the evolution of beef consumption corresponds to the radically shifting attitudes of the …

Poles And Puerto Ricans: Immigration And Assimilation In The Pioneer Valley, Gabriel S. Proia

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

This paper attempts to explain why Polish immigrant farmers who came to the Pioneer Valley around the turn of the century assimilated more fully into the dominant culture and achieved on average greater economic success than Puerto Rican immigrant farmers who engaged in similar work in the same region roughly fifty years later. I begin by reviewing American Studies literature on assimilation dynamics to develop a framework for qualitatively evaluating how both groups changed over time. The evaluation is thereafter based on local newspaper articles and secondary ethnographic and historical literature from throughout the twentieth century, as well as interviews …

The "Burden Of Blame": Coalition-Building In The Transgender Movement From The 1970s Through The 1990s, Julia F. Grafstein

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

Coalition-building within the transgender movement has received scant attention from scholars in transgender history. The vulnerable period after the Stonewall Riots in 1969 was one of extreme growth in the transgender movement, as trans people came together to challenge injustices they experienced, such as employment discrimination, cross-dressing laws, police brutality, and equal access to medical care. This essay documents not only the extent of these injustices, but also the ways in which trans people united to educate and support one another in the face of injustice. Trans activists also sought to educate cisgender people and reform the prejudices of people …

The Impact Of Load Mass And Distribution On Heart Rate, Perceived Exertion, And Accelerometer Measured Physical Activity During Running, Sean Hagstrom, Scott Conger, Jeremy A. Steeves

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(4): 929-940, 2024. Many tactical athletes (military and emergency personnel) have fixed load carriage occupational requirements. Understanding the effects of running with common military “fighting loads” (no load to approximately 18 kg) on heart rate (HR), perceived exertion (RPE), and measuring it with accelerometers has implications for training and ensuring physical readiness of recruits. Eleven (7 male and 4 female) civilians (21.5±2.3 years, 1.83±0.09 m, and 80.7±18.5 kg) completed four, 5-minute running (8.05 kph) conditions: no external load, rifle carriage (3.5 kg), pack carriage (13.6 kg), and rifle/pack carriage (17.1 kg) in random order, while …

Blood Lactate Steady State During Interval Training: New Perspectives On Something Already Known, Juan Carlos Mazza, Raúl Ricardo Festa, Alvaro N. Gurovich, Sebastián Jannas-Vela

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(2): 941-953, 2024. The purpose of this study was to confirm that blood lactate concentrations can be maintained at moderate to high steady state values during an entire interval training (IT) session (repetitions + rest). Forty-eight trained swimmers and track athletes performed four IT protocols consisting of 6-10 bouts between 1 and 3-min at ~5-10 mmol/L blood lactate concentrations with a passive recovery of 60 to 180-sec. Performance times were measured at every bout, while blood lactate concentrations and heart rate during recovery every other bout. One-way ANOVA was performed for comparisons and r-squared for …

Foam Rolling On The Whole Leg And Its Immediate Effects On Postural Control In Collegiate Female Athletes, Andrew Shim, Mackenzie Melton, Vanessa Fiaud, Monica Dial

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 954-964, 2024. The maintenance of body posture relies on mechanoreceptors, suggesting myofascial release could assist postural control. The effects of this have not been well documented, providing room for this investigation. Twenty-one female athletes spent approximately 2.5 minutes foam rolling the calf and thigh muscles on one leg then repeated on opposite leg for a total of 5 minutes. Center of Pressure (CoP) and Limit of Stability (LoS) were assessed using a Bertec posturography plate before (pre-) and after (post-) foam rolling. CoP was measured with eyes open stable surface (EOSS), or eyes closed …

The Loss & Damage Fund: Will It Leave Greenland Behind?, Natalie L. Nowatzke

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) maintains three pillars of international climate governance: (1) mitigation, (2) adaptation, and (3) loss and damage. Loss and damage, the newest pillar, refers to the negative effects of climate change that transpire despite mitigation and adaptation measures. This notion has manifested into the newly operationalized Loss and Damage Fund, which is designed to compensate developing nations for the losses and damages that occur. This Comment identifies a gap in the Loss and Damage Fund, which will leave Greenland left out of receiving compensation, despite being extremely vulnerable to climate change, because …

A Greater Purpose For Icebergs: Iceberg Trade To Combat The Effects Of Climate Change, Lee A. Foden

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

Three-fourths of the planet’s freshwater is stored in glaciers, and as the glaciers melt, humans are forfeiting their greatest freshwater resource. Climbing global temperatures, attributable to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, accelerate glacial melt while intensifying drought and water scarcity. This Comment identifies a way to relocate our greatest freshwater resource before it melts into the salty sea. Further, this Comment discusses how an iceberg trade could ensure the right to water by creating access to freshwater for all. Finally, this Comment introduces the iceberg trade as an equitable remedy to be employed by the Paris Agreement in the …

Projections For Arctic Marine Accessibility: Risk Under Climate Change, Xueke Li, Amanda H. Lynch

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

Few transformations in Earth systems are as dramatic as those currently occurring in the Arctic. We reveal the emergence of a new route regime in response to the evolving context of climate change and human pressures. This paradigm shift presents both opportunities for Arctic exploration and maritime trade, as well as risks for marine ecosystems and coastal communities. It underscores the need for concerted efforts to recalibrate the associated legal framework.

Indigenous Peoples As A Tool For Russia's International Publicity In The Arctic Region, Pavel Sulyandziga, Dmitry Berezhkov

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

The Arctic region is strategically significant with its economic activity, resources, and its Indigenous populations. Russia has recognized the significance of the Indigenous peoples living in the Arctic and has fueled its international publicity by using these peoples as a tool for public relations. The colonizing of these regions and the strategic use of propaganda by the Russian government weaves a complicated tale—one in which the Russian administration voices support for the Indigenous populations while removing protections for these same peoples.

Climate Change In Arctic And Indigenous Peoples: Challenges And Solutions, Vera Solovyeva

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

Climate change poses a serious threat to human well-being, negatively affecting health, traditional environmental management, water supply and food security. Changes in the environment are exacerbating indigenous peoples' problems. This is especially relevant to those who lead traditional lifestyles and whose well-being depends on agricultural and livestock production. This Article addresses the challenges and potential solutions to climate change in the Arctic ecosystem, including the Sub-Arctic regions. Physical changes to the landscape are examined alongside impacts on Indigenous culture and identity. In addition, the article explains the importance of Indigenous knowledge, values, and ethics in developing successful adaptation strategies. In …

Under The Shadow Of Absolute Sovereignty: Exploring Conditional Sovereignty In The Case Of Svalbard Geopolitics, Eda Ayaydin

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

This Article analyzes different sovereignty approaches in the context of Svalbard. Since the signing of the Svalbard Treaty, establishing Norway’s absolute sovereignty over the archipelago, the geopolitics of the region have evolved, particularly given Svalbard’s geographical position in the European Arctic. This Article concludes that Svalbard's sovereignty deviates from the classical concept of absolute sovereignty, instead operating under the framework of conditional sovereignty.

The Public Order Of The Arctic: Problems And Prospects, Charles H. Norchi

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Brief Report: Supporting Families In Intensive Treatment For Pediatric Anxiety And Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders, Jacqueline Sperling

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

Pediatric anxiety rates have doubled during the COVID-19 pandemic (Racine et al., 2021), but access to care has not increased commensurately (Panchel et al., 2021). Intensive group- and family-based outpatient treatment that implements cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP) for pediatric anxiety disorders and OCD is a treatment design that treats more children at one time and may facilitate treatment momentum with its intensive nature so that new patients can be treated sooner. This paper describes CBT-based interventions from an intensive treatment program for pediatric anxiety disorders and/or OCD that involves parents and that can be applied …

Twice-Exceptional Black Girls: A Case Study In Early Childhood, Krystal L. Clemons, Renae D. Mayes

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

Twice-exceptional (2e) refers to children who are gifted or talented in one or more areas and also have a disability or learning difference. Despite the increasing awareness of 2e learners in recent years, many still lack recognition and support, particularly those from marginalized communities. Black girls are among the groups that are least likely to receive accurate identification and appropriate services for their 2e needs. This case study aims to shed light on the experiences of a 2E Black girl in early childhood and offer recommendations for school counselors to better support them.

Authentic Assessment For Children With Language Considerations: Early Identification And Connection To Services, Karen Zyskind, Marisa Macy

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

Early identification of delay or disability is critical in the early years when children are developing. Yet practices for early identification are often rife with challenges for the families of young children. Part C of the Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities Program of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA) was authorized almost 40 years ago, mandating that children with developmental disability or developmental delay be identified and fairly assessed to obtain high quality early intervention services. An overview of the components of Fair Assessment and legal requirements are highlighted in this article. An outline for recommended practices and …

Educator Perspectives On A Kindergarten Entry Assessment: Implementation Experiences, Support, And Data Utilization, T. Scott Holcomb, Zhi Li, Richard Lambert, Angela Ferrara

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

This mixed methods study provides insight into practitioner attitudes and experiences with the North Carolina Kindergarten Entry Assessment (NC KEA) and helps determine what resources are needed to support intended use of the assessment. The survey and follow-up interviews allowed researchers to gather quantitative and qualitative data to gain a more in-depth understanding of each individual’s unique views. While most teachers felt prepared to implement the KEA, the majority did not find assessment data useful. Interviews highlighted the lack of understanding regarding the purpose of the assessment and the frustration that can follow this type of misunderstanding.

Authentic Assessment For Early Childhood Intervention: In-Vivo & Virtual Practices For Interdisciplinary Professionals, Stephen J. Bagnato, Marisa Macy, Carmen Dionne, Nora Smith, Jackie Robinson Brock, Tracy Larson, Maria Londono, Antonio Fevola, Mary Beth Bruder, Jamie Cranmer

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

Abstract

The pandemic has exposed the many glaring difficulties inherent in implementing effective assessment and intervention for young children with neurodevelopmental delays and disabilities in our respective countries, but, especially in the US. The urgency for innovative models of assessment linked to interdisciplinary services and supports in both remote and in-vivo settings became prominent. Yet, the commitment to developmentally-appropriate practice (DAP), assessment linked to intervention, is the hallmark of ECI, whether virtual or in-vivo.

However, interdisciplinary professionals have rallied during these challenging times by displaying creativity, compassion, and superb clinical judgment in providing responsive services via both virtual and in-vivo …

Link Virtual Forum On Authentic Assessment For Early Childhood Intervention: Interdisciplinary & International Consensus, Stefano J. Bagnato, Marisa Macy, Nora Smith, Carmen Dionne, Mary Beth Bruder, Maria Londono, Jackie Robinson Brock, Antonio Fevola, Tracy Larson

Perspectives on Early Childhood Psychology and Education

The LINK Virtual Forum on Authentic Assessment for Early Childhood Intervention: Interdisciplinary & International Consensus was orchestrated through a series of virtual focus-groups during the pandemic in 2021-2022. This new strategy for conducting a more robust national/international consumer social validity study gathered practice-based evidence from the field using national and international expert panel focus groups and an expert panel forum to survey Authentic Assessment experts and users. Uniquely, these deliberations relied upon the Nominal Group Technique (NGT) among participants to reach consensus decisions and Qualtrics survey results. The decision-making process addressed types of assessment measures that address early childhood …

Kairotic Entanglement: Kairos, Artificial Intelligence, Persuasion, And The Search For Meaning – A Literature Review, Jonathan Moore

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper advances to understand kairos in the contemporary context and its relation to emerging persuasive technologies. The ubiquitous and omnipresent nature of digital technologies prompts a deeper understanding of the possible implications of these technologies and the meaning which emerges from human- computer interactions. A substantial literature review was conducted on kairos, captology, and related subterms to understand and interpret the proximal relationships of these concepts. Additionally, a discussion is offered, and a direction for future works is presented. This paper moves to suggest that kairos plays a substantive role in persuasive technologies and human computer interactions by presenting …

Music’S Influence On Focus And Concentration: A Puzzle-Solving Task Study, Daniyal Kheradmand, Alison Sloat

Spectra Undergraduate Research Journal

This research investigates the effect of preferred music on enhancing focus and concentration during puzzle-solving tasks. Conducted with a diverse group of 50 participants at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, the study examined the influence of individual musical preferences on cognitive performance. Participants were tasked with solving puzzles under two conditions: listening to their favorite music and in silence. The findings reveal that 68% of the participants demonstrated improved performance in puzzle-solving when listening to music they preferred. This suggests a significant positive correlation between preferred music and enhanced cognitive task performance. The study contributes to the understanding of …

Critical Scoping Review Of Critical Consciousness As A Framework For Precollege Engineering Education, Devon Riter, James Holly Jr.

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Engineering’s promise to build a better world has been realized differently across the United States, often with lines of social identity determining who becomes an engineer, who benefits from engineering innovations, and who suffers devastating consequences. Many educational scholars have argued that engineering inequities are in part due to deep inequities in precollege engineering education, including the failure to enact pedagogies in which engineering educational spaces can help students recognize oppression and act toward liberation. In this critical scoping review we searched five databases to identify 72 relevant peer-reviewed articles for review. Our findings indicate that research on critical consciousness …

No. 23: Enforcement And Exclusion: Covid-19 Policies, Urban Migrants, And Food Insecurity In Pandemic South Africa, Jonathan Crush, Sean Sithole

Migration and Food Security (MiFOOD) Network

On March 5th, 2020, South Africa recorded its first official case of COVID-19 when a South African tourist returning from a holiday in northern Italy tested positive. The number of excess deaths is now over 300,000. The policy response to the pandemic is widely regarded as amongst the most draconian in Africa. In 2020, the government imposed a stay-at-home lockdown for 100 days, which was strictly enforced by armed police and the army. Breach of lockdown was a criminal offence and arrests were widespread. By April 2021, over 400,000 had been apprehended, more than in any other country globally. In …

A Systematic Approach For Evaluating And Selecting Healthcare Waste Treatment Devices Using Owcm-Codas And Triangular Neutrosophic Sets, Asmaa Elsayed, Bilal Arain

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Healthcare is a fundamental aspect of human life, impacting individuals, communities, and societies. Investing in healthcare infrastructure, services, and education is essential for fostering a healthy, thriving population. Healthcare waste management is a critical aspect of public health, and it requires a concerted effort from healthcare facilities, governments, and communities to ensure that waste is managed in a way that minimizes risks to human health and the environment. This paper proposes a hybrid methodology combining the Opinion Weight Criteria Method (OWCM) and the Combinative Distance-Based Assessment (CODAS) within the framework of Triangular Neutrosophic Sets (TNS) to evaluate and select the …

Unpaid Care Work Among Utah Women: A 2024 Update, Kristy Hodsen, Madison Harmer, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

Unpaid work, including childcare, eldercare, housework, and other tasks, is vitally important to the foundations of strong families, communities, and nations; in fact, such domestic work has been called “the work that makes all other work possible.”¹ According to Oxfam, the monetary value of women’s unpaid work is estimated to be $10.8 trillion each year,² and women worldwide spend a significantly larger portion of time than men performing this critical work.³ This happens for many reasons, including personal values and choices, cultural and social norms, unconscious biases, and specific economic and employment considerations. Researchers and thought leaders …

Relations Among Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Features In Childhood And Adolescence, Resilience, And Borderline Personality Disorder Features In Adulthood, Jessica Kastin

ETD Collection

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are two disorders that share a number of overlapping diagnostic features, such as impulsivity and difficulty with emotion regulation ability. Studies suggest that individuals who meet criteria for an ADHD diagnosis in childhood may have an increased vulnerability for experiencing features of BPD in adulthood. Based on this premise, this study aimed to investigate if resilience, a factor found to improve psychological outcomes, impacts the relationship between ADHD features in childhood and BPD features in adulthood. It was hypothesized that individuals who report high levels of resilience would experience less …

Parental Perspective Of Adhd Symptomatology In The First Year Of Life, Katrina Julia Kirchgaesser

ETD Collection

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children is primarily characterized by developmentally inappropriate levels of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interfere with their functioning (Zero to Three, 2016). It is believed that 2% to 18% of children between six and seventeen years of age have ADHD, making it one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders afflicting children (Sharma & Couture, 2014). While an abundance of research exists regarding early precursors of ADHD in younger children (i.e., infants or toddlers), such as motor and speech delays (Dyck & Piek, 2014), there is a lack of exploration regarding traits of inattention in the first …

A Novel Use Of Social Network Analysis And Routinely Collected Data To Uncover Care Coordination Processes For Patients With Heart Failure, Sijia Wei

Dissertations

Effective patient care transitions require consideration of the patient's social and clinical contexts, yet how these factors relate to the processes in care coordination remains poorly described. This dissertation aimed to describe provider networks and clinical care and social contexts involved during longitudinal care transitions across settings. The overall purpose of this dissertation is to uncover the longitudinal patterns of utilization and relational processes needed for effective care coordination in transitional care, so we can redesign interventions that focus on informational and relationship networks to improve interaction patterns and system performance for people living with heart failure (HF) as they …

Unveiling The Path To Lgbtq+ Inclusive And Culturally Competent Healthcare: A Multi-Dimensional Examination Of Trainings, Policies, And Perspectives, Hyunmin Yu

Dissertations

LGBTQ+ individuals encounter enduring discrimination and adverse healthcare encounters within the healthcare system, with profound implications for their health and wellbeing. Policymakers have advocated for the adoption of LGBTQ+ inclusive and culturally competent healthcare, including training for health professionals, to promote health equity among LGBTQ+ populations. However, implementation of these policies within healthcare systems varies, posing structural and individual-level barriers. In this dissertation, I employ an ecological model of LGBTQ+ health disparities and a conceptual model of determinants of health disparities in vulnerable populations within the healthcare system to examine the impact of structural inequities on the implementation of LGBTQ+ …

A/B Testing Of User Enrollment Forms To Enhance Diversity In The Biomedical Workforce Via The National Research Mentoring Network: User-Centered Design Case Study, Toufeeq Ahmed Syed, Erika L Thompson, Jason Johnson, Zainab Latif, Nan Kennedy, Damaris Javier, Katie Stinson, Jamboor K Vishwanatha

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The National Research Mentoring Network (NRMN) is a National Institutes of Health-funded program for diversifying the science, technology, engineering, math, and medicine research workforce through the provision of mentoring, networking, and professional development resources. The NRMN provides mentoring resources to members through its online platform-MyNRMN.

OBJECTIVE: MyNRMN helps members build a network of mentors. Our goal was to expand enrollment and mentoring connections, especially among those who have been historically underrepresented in biomedical training and the biomedical workforce.

METHODS: To improve the ease of enrollment, we implemented the split testing of iterations of our user interface for platform registration. …