Digital Commons Network^™

The Global Burden Of Fragility Fractures – What Are The Differences, And Where Are The Gaps, Paul J. Mitchell, Ding-Cheng (Derrick) Chan, Joon-Kiong Lee, Irewin Tabu, Bernardino B. Alpuerto

Medical Papers and Journal Articles

The current burden of fragility fractures is enormous, and it is set to increase rapidly in the coming decades as humankind enters a new demographic era. The purpose of this review is to consider, in different settings:

• The human and economic toll of fragility fractures.

• Risk factors for fragility fractures.

• Current acute management of fragility fractures.

• Current care gaps in both secondary and primary fracture prevention.

A summary of global, regional, and national initiatives to improve the quality of care is provided, in addition to proposals for the research agenda. Systematic approaches to improve the acute …

An Analysis Of The Special Focus Facility Program And Nursing Home Quality, Annie S. Rhodes

Theses and Dissertations

The Special Focus Facility Program is an intensive program meant to rapidly support 88 of the lowest quality nursing homes in the United States, as determined by the Five-Star Quality Ranking system. There are also 435 facility candidates which are similarly low performing but not enrolled in the program. Academic literature has largely ignored this program, and the existing grey literature is more than a decade old and does not include COVID-19 data. Applying a political economy of aging framework and using a case matching methodology, Special Focus Facilities (SFF), Special Focus Facility Candidate (SFFc) nursing homes, and 5-star nursing …

Ultrasonographic/Regional Muscle Measurements For Diagnosing Sarcopenia In Older Adults With And Without Dementia, Zekeri̇ya Ülger, Gözde Şengül Ayçi̇çek, Özgür Kara, Murat Kara

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Sarcopenia and dementia are growing concerns among older adults that muscle and brain atrophy may cooccur. We aimed to compare the age-related loss of muscle mass by using ultrasound (US), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults with and without dementia. Materials and methods: A total of 221 older adults aged ≥65 years were included in the study. The diagnosis of sarcopenia was established if low muscle mass according to either SMI or sonographic gastrocnemius (GC) muscle thickness was combined with low grip strength. The diagnosis of dementia was based on the National …

Frailty In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Reliability And Validity Of The Turkish Version Of The Gérontopôle Frailty Screening Tool, Serdar Ceylan, Merve Güner Oytun, Arzu Okyar Baş, Meltem Koca, Burcu Balam Doğu, Meltem Gülhan Hali̇l, Mustafa Cankurtaran, Cafer Balci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Recognizing frailty had a great importance in countries with an increasing geriatric population. The study aims to evaluate the reliability and validation of the Gérontopôle frailty screening tool (GFST), which was developed to screen frailty in the community-dwelling older adults, for the Turkish population. Materials and methods: In this crosssectional study, participants who applied to the geriatrics outpatient clinic of a university hospital were included. Comprehensive geriatric assessments of all patients were performed. The validity of the GFST was tested by its concordance with the FRAIL scale. Test-retest and interrater reliability analyses were made. Results: Ninety-six patients were included …

The Effect Of Frailty On The Development Of Acute Kidney Injury In Critically-Ill Geriatric Patients With Covid-19, Murat Küçük, Bi̇şar Ergün, Mehmet Nuri̇ Yakar, Özer Ural Çakici, Erdem Yaka, Bi̇lgi̇n Cömert, Ali̇ Necati̇ Gökmen, Begüm Ergan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Acute kidney injury is strongly associated with mortality in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, age-related risk factors for acute kidney injury are not clear yet. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of clinical factors on acute kidney injury development in an elderly COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods: Critically ill patients (?65years) with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit were included in the study. Primary outcome of the study was the rate of acute kidney injury, and secondary outcome was to define the effect of frailty and other risk factors on …

What Is The Protective Effect Of Preischemic Kisspeptin-10 Administration Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Of Striatum On Mice?, Hati̇ce Akkaya, Engi̇n Sümer, Seli̇m Kutlu, Hati̇ce Solak, Bayram Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Kisspeptin is a neuropeptide with a primary role on the onset of puberty and has beneficial effects on ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of kisspeptin administration on striatal I/R injury in mice. Material and methods: Forty adult C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: Sham, Kisspeptin, I/R, and I/R + Kisspeptin groups. The groups were administered with either physiological saline (Sham and I/R groups) or kisspeptin (Kisspeptin and I/R + Kisspeptin groups) intraperitoneally 40 min before the operation. A microdialysis probe was placed in the right striatum according to stereotaxic …

Validity And Reliability Of Fried Frailty Phenotype In Turkish Population, Hacer Doğan Varan, Olgun Deni̇z, Süheyla Çöteli̇, Rana Tuna Doğrul, Muhammet Cemal Kizilarslanoğlu, Berna Göker

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Frailty is an important, multidimensional geriatric syndrome defined as increased vulnerability to stressors. Fried frailty phenotype (FFP) is one of the most widely used models to define physical frailty. The aim of this study is to investigate the crosscultural validity and reliability of Fried frailty phenotype (FFP) in older Turkish population. Materials and methods: A total of 450 patients, aged 59 years and over, were included. FFP translated into Turkish was used. Hand grip strength cut-off values that best predict low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) for Turkish men and women were calculated. A modified version of FFP was …

The Validity And Reliability Study Of The Turkish Version Of Engagement In Healthy Ageing, Ramazan Kiraç, Seda Uyar, Mehmet Aki̇f Eri̇şen, Nur Feyzal Kesen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Health Equity/Health Disparity

Virginia Journal of Public Health

Addressing the Digital Health Divide in the Rural U.S.: Healthcare Providers' Perspectives on Telemedicine in Public Libraries

Pamela B. DeGuzman, Jennifer L. Garth, & Kamya Sanjay

Causes of Minority Health Disparities

Calvin Jones

Examining the [Social] Determinants of Health among Immigrant and Refugee Families: Lessons Learned from the Field

Abubakarr Jalloh

Racial Disparities in Routine Health Checkup and Adherence to Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines among women in the United States

Amarachukwu F. Orji, &Takashi Yamashita

Traumatized Triad Of Complementopathy, Endotheliopathy, And Coagulopathy – Impact On Clinical Outcomes In Severe Polytrauma Patients, Zhangsheng Yang, Tuan D Le, Milomir O Simovic, Bin Liu, Tamara L Fraker, Tomas S Cancio, Andrew P Cap, Charles E Wade, Jurandir J Dallelucca, Yansong Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy following a traumatic injury are key pathophysiological mechanisms potentially associated with multiple-organ failure (MOF) and mortality. However, the heterogeneity in the responses of complementopathy, endotheliopathy, and coagulopathy to trauma, the nature and extent of their interplay, and their relationship to clinical outcomes remain unclear. Fifty-four poly-trauma patients were enrolled and divided into three subgroups based on their ISS. Biomarkers in blood plasma reflecting complement activation, endothelial damage, and coagulopathy were measured starting from admission to the emergency department and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 120 hours after admission. Comparative analyses showed that severely injured patients …

For Whom The Bell Tolls: Psychopathological And Neurobiological Correlates Of The Dna Methylation Index Of Time-To-Death, Sage E. Hawn, Xiang Zhao, Danielle R. Sullivan, Mark Logue, Dana Fein-Schaffer, William Milberg, Regina Mcglinchey, Mark W. Miller, Erika J. Wolf

Psychology Faculty Publications

Psychopathology is a risk factor for accelerated biological aging and early mortality. We examined associations between broad underlying dimensions of psychopathology (reflecting internalizing and externalizing psychiatric symptoms), PTSD, and age-adjusted GrimAge (“GrimAge residuals”), a DNA methylation biomarker of mortality risk relative to age. We also examined neurobiological correlates of GrimAge residuals, including neurocognitive functioning, blood-based biomarkers (of inflammation, neuropathology, metabolic disease), and cortical thickness. Data from two independent trauma-exposed military cohorts (n = 647 [62.9% male, M_age = 52], n = 434 [90% male, M_age = 32]) were evaluated using linear regression models to test associations between …

Life Stories Of Older Chinese Immigrant Women In The U.S., Lijun Li

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study is an effort to turn to older Chinese immigrant women aged 60 and above, one of the most marginalized groups in American society, to recognize their humanity and rediscover the unseen and unheard. It asks what we can learn from their life stories, particularly from the ways in which each experience(d) being a woman in different societal systems. Using in-depth life story interviews supplemented with secondary sources of information, this study crafts four women’s stories that are first read and interpreted individually to capture the whole person in context, and then are looked at thematically. Nine themes are …

Recycled Human Hair-Derived Activated Carbon For Energy-Related Applications, Oğuzhan Kotan, Hati̇ce Bayrakçeken

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Activated carbon, having high surface area and porosity, is a carbonaceous material that comes from organic main sources. In this work, activated carbon materials were produced from human hair that belongs to people who can be classified into two age groups (0-18 or 18-40 years). Activated carbons were characterized by nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental analysis techniques. Capacitances of the synthesized materials were determined by using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Characterization results showed that the structural properties of activated carbon materials and capacitance values are changed …

A Bubble Of Protection: Examining Dispositional Optimism As A Psychological Buffer Of The Deleterious Association Between Negative Work-Family Spillover And Psychological Health, Sean T. H. Lee, Bryan K. C. Choy, Jose C. Yong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Demands and stressors from work increasingly encroach upon people’s family lives in modern settings, resulting in poorer familial relationships and impaired psychological health. The current study proposed and examined dispositional optimism as a potential psychological buffer of the deleterious impact of negative work-to-family spillover (WFS) on psychological health. Based on a sample of employed midlife adults in the United States (N = 1,252) drawn from a large and nationally representative dataset, MIDUS 3, we found that dispositional optimism significantly moderated the relationship between negative WFS and subjective well-being, even after controlling for a variety of potential confounds. However, this moderation …

Understanding A Low Vitamin D State In The Context Of Covid-19, James Bernard Walsh, Daniel Mccartney, Eamon Laird, Kevin Mccarroll, Declan G. Byrne, Martin Healy, Paul O'Shea, Rose Anne Kenny, John L. Faul

Articles

While a low vitamin D state has been associated with an increased risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2 in addition to an increased severity of COVID-19 disease, a causal role is not yet established. Here, we review the evidence relating to i) vitamin D and its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease ii) the vitamin D status in the Irish adult population iii) the use of supplemental vitamin D to treat a deficient status and iv) the application of the Bradford-Hill causation criteria. We conclude that reverse causality probably makes a minimal contribution to the presence of low vitamin D …

Weakly Activated Core Neuroinflammation Pathways Were Identified As A Central Signaling Mechanism Contributing To The Chronic Neurodegeneration In Alzheimer's Disease, Fuhai Li, Abdallah M Eteleeb, William Buchser, Christopher Sohn, Guoqiao Wang, Chengjie Xiong, Philip R Payne, Eric Mcdade, Celeste M Karch, Oscar Harari, Carlos Cruchaga

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Neuroinflammation signaling has been identified as an important hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in addition to amyloid β plaques (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). However, the molecular mechanisms and biological processes of neuroinflammation remain unclear and have not well delineated using transcriptomics data available. Our objectives are to uncover the core neuroinflammation signaling pathways in AD using integrative network analysis on the transcriptomics data.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From a novel perspective, i.e., investigating weakly activated molecular signals (rather than the strongly activated molecular signals), we developed integrative and systems biology network analysis to uncover potential core neuroinflammation signaling targets …

Undergraduate Catalog, Georgia Southern University

Undergraduate & Graduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Development And Implementation Of An Electronic Clinical Dementia Rating And Financial Capacity Instrument-Short Form, Taylor Howell, John C Morris, Krista L Moulder, Connie Mayo, Maria Carroll, Yan Li, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Introduction: To address the need for remote assessments of cognitive decline and dementia, we developed and administered electronic versions of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®) and the Financial Capacity Instrument-Short Form (FCI-SF) (F-CAP

Methods: The CDR and FCI-SF were adapted for remote, unsupervised, online use based on item response analysis of the standard instruments. Participants completed the eCDR and eFCI first in clinic, and then at home within 2 weeks.

Results: Of the 243 enrolled participants, 179 (73%) cognitively unimpaired (CU), 50 (21%) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, and 14 (6%) with an unknown diagnosis, 84% and 85% …

Associations Of Polymorphisms In The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator-1 Alpha Gene With Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease: An Individual-Level Meta-Analysis, Tessa Schillemans, Sharon Cresci, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Religion And Meaning: Its Moderating Effects On Stressful Life Events And Mental Health, Kalie B. Chambless

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The present study was designed to examine the relationship among religion, mental health, stressful life events, and people’s sense of meaning and purpose in life using data from the 2017 Baylor Religion Survey (BRS), a publicly available dataset. This survey obtained data from a nationwide study of 1,501 United States adults, 1,402 of whom are included in the current analyses. The first three hypotheses of this study were that (1) religion is positively associated with meaning to an individual’s life, that (2) meaning is positively associated with mental health, and that (3) stress is negatively associated with mental health. Finally, …

Perspectives On Wider Integration Of The Health-Assistive Smart Home, Gordana Dermody, Jenna Mikus, Davina Porock, Dov Sugarman, Naeem K. Janjua, Christopher How, Roschelle Fritz

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Most older adults desire to be as independent as possible and remain living in their ancestral home as they age. Aging-in-place maximizes the independence of older adults, enhancing their wellbeing and quality of life while decreasing the financial burden of residential care costs. However, due to chronic disease, multimorbidity, and age-related changes, appropriate conditions are required to make aging-in-place possible. Remote monitoring with smart home technologies could provide the infrastructure that enables older adults to remain living independently in their own homes safely. The health-assistive smart home shows great promise, but there are challenges to integrating smart homes on a …

Exploring Issues Of Resilience And Technology Use For Older People - A Scoping Review Protocol, Timothy J. Smith, Khui Hung Lee, Kan Yu, Leisa Armstrong, David M. Cook

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this scoping review is to understand the extent of issues of resilience implied by the interactions of older people with financial, social, and health related technologies. Older people aged 60+, technology use or non-use, and issues of resilience studied over the last four years (2019-2022) demarcate the scope of this review. Key exclusion criteria are older adults living in long-term care facilities, nursing homes, care homes and hospital in-patients. It also excludes studies on the perspectives of older peoples’ clinicians. The review will be carried out according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review methodology. The …

The Nursing Care Of People With Class Iii Obesity In An Acute Care Setting: A Scoping Review, Bev Ewens, Vivien Kemp, Mandy (Amanda) Towell-Barnard, Lisa Whitehead

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background

Patients with Class III obesity pose unique challenges to health care staff and organisations. Care requirements of this population are unique and require specialised equipment and knowledge to meet these needs, maintain the quality of care, as well as the safety of patients and staff.

Aim

To synthesise the evidence on the nursing care of Class III obese patients in acute care settings.

Methods

A scoping review informed by JBI. CINAHL Plus, Medline, Scopus, Proquest Central, Web of Science and Embase were searched for primary research articles about the nursing management of people classified as Class III obese in …

The Impact Of Skeletal Muscle Disuse On Distinct Echo Intensity Bands: A Retrospective Analysis, Zachary S. Logeson, Rob J. Maclennan, Gerard Kyle B. Abad, Johnathon M. Methven, Molly R. Gradl, Matheus D. Pinto, Ronei S. Pinto, Matt S. Stock

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Echo intensity (EI) is a novel tool for assessing muscle quality. EI has traditionally been reported as the mean of the pixel histogram, with 0 and 255 arbitrary units (A.U.) representing excellent and poor muscle quality, respectively. Recent work conducted in youth and younger and older adults suggested that analyzing specific EI bands, rather than the mean, may provide unique insights into the effectiveness of exercise and rehabilitation interventions. As our previous work showed deterioration of muscle quality after knee joint immobilization, we sought to investigate whether the increase in EI following disuse was limited to specific EI bands. Thirteen …

Investing In Late-Life Brain Capital, Walter D Dawson, Eric J Lenze, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Within many societies and cultures around the world, older adults are too often undervalued and underappreciated. This exacerbates many key challenges that older adults may face. It also undermines the many positive aspects of late life that are of tremendous value at both an individual and societal level. We propose a new approach to elevate health and well-being in late life by optimizing late-life Brain Capital. This form of capital prioritizes brain skills and brain health in a brain economy, which the challenges and opportunities of the 21st-century demands. This approach incorporates investing in late-life Brain Capital, developing initiatives focused …

Elderly Educated Blacks And The Influence Of Exercise Identity, Self-Determination, And Social Determinants Of Health On Physical Activity, George Leonard Shaw Jr., Miles Anthony Irving

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

ABSTRACT:

Background: This study examined the influence of socio-economic status (SES), exercise self-definition, and self-determination variables on physical activity participation among African American retirees.

Methods: Both African American men and women, of at least 60 years of age, were surveyed. All participants lived independently. The data collected included demographic, Godin Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (LTPA), Exercise Self-Definition Questionnaire (ESD), Behavioral Regulations Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2), and Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction in Exercise Scale (BPNES). The findings and analysis were conducted using data from149 participants.

Results: Only gender was a statistically significant predictor of physical activity participation in the study. Based on …

Child Mental Health Outcomes And Household Composition, Clarion Jamil Harris

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

In recent years, the number of children diagnosed with mental health issues has grown. The American Academy of Pediatrics recently declared a national emergency in child and adolescent health. Much research has been done to explain this mental health crisis in American youth. This study examines the relationship between household composition and mental illnesses in children. For this study, data from the National Survey of Children’s Health are used. The variables of anxiety, depression, and behavioral problems are used as the dependent variables from this dataset. The independent variable is represented by family structure, and five control variables will be …

Alzheimer's Disease Research Progress In Australia: The Alzheimer's Association International Conference Satellite Symposium In Sydney, Claire E. Sexton, Kaarin J. Anstey, Filippo Baldacci, C. J. Barnum, Anna M. Barron, Kaj Blennow, Henry Brodaty, Samantha Burnham, Fanny M. Elahi, Jürgen Götz, Yun-Hee Jeon, Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui, Susan M. Landau, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Simon M. Laws, Darren M. Lipnicki, Hanzhang Lu, Colin L. Masters, Wendy Moyle, Akinori Nakamura, Giulio Maria Pasinetti, Naren Rao, Christopher Rowe, Perminder S. Sachdev, Peter R. Schofield, Einar M. Sigurdsson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The Alzheimer's Association International Conference held its sixth Satellite Symposium in Sydney, Australia in 2019, highlighting the leadership of Australian researchers in advancing the understanding of and treatment developments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. This leadership includes the Australian Imaging, Biomarker, and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL), which has fueled the identification and development of many biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Two multimodal lifestyle intervention studies have been launched in Australia; and Australian researchers have played leadership roles in other global studies in diverse populations. Australian researchers have also played an instrumental role in efforts to understand mechanisms …

Charitable Organizations In Singapore: From Clan Based To State Facilitated Endeavors, Hang Wu Tang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Singapore, with a five million population, has a vibrant charitable sector with over 2000 registered charities attracting approximately USD$2.18 billion in annual donations. How did Singapore’s charitable sector achieve its current level when it has been, in the past, segregated along mainly religious, race and clan-based communities? This paper explores this question by piecing together the current ecosystem, regulatory and tax infrastructure which facilitates the charitable sector in Singapore. Central to the development of the charitable sector has been the Singapore government’s role of being a gatekeeper, regulator and enabler of charities. In analysing the government’s role in the charitable …

Evaluating The Impact Of Video Based Instruction And Immediate Feedback On The Performance Of Three Gross Motor Skills For Participants With Down Syndrome, Alyssa Gadberry

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of video based instruction combined with immediate visual feedback on the performance of three different gross motor skills for children with Down Syndrome (DS). The participants in this study are two children with DS. They were selected for this study based upon these qualifying factors: enrolled in a moderate/severe special day class, enrolled in a title one school, have Down syndrome and displayed deficits in gross motor abilities based upon the administration of the Total Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) assessment. The research design is a multiple baseline design where three …