Digital Commons Network^™

Respect The Hustle: Necessity Entrepreneurship, Returning Citizens, And Social Enterprise Strategies, Priya Baskaran

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

This Article addresses a pervasive and growing problem for returning citizens – high rates of economic insecurity – and as a novel solution, proposes the creation of Economic Justice Incubators a new municipally led social enterprise strategy.

Mass incarceration is a national problem and requires comprehensive criminal justice reform. In contrast, the process of reentry is locally focused thanks to a complex web of collateral consequences. An estimated 641,000 people return home from prison each year, many to a limited number of economically distressed communities. Once released, their mobility is limited by the terms of their parole and the collateral …

How Informative Are Fraud And Non-Fraud Firms' Earnings?, Kwadwo Nyarko Asare

Accounting Department Faculty Journal Articles

This study evaluates how informative the earnings of fraud firms are compared to peer non-fraud firms by assessing informativeness in the context of persistence, analysts’ forecast errors, and stock returns. There are differences in how informative the earnings of fraud firms are to analysts’ forecasts and returns in the pre-fraud period, but not in the fraud period. In the post- fraud period, there is no difference in how informative fraud firms’ earnings are to analysts’ earnings forecasts. Furthermore, fraud firm’s earnings are not differentially associated with excess returns post-fraud. When earnings are decomposed into accruals and cash flows, fraud firms’ …

Self-Interest Rightly Understood: The Case Against Attorneys Receiving The Sec Whistleblower Bounty, Chelsea A. Bollman

Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy

No abstract provided.

Strategies For Preventing Financial Fraud In Church Organizations In Ghana, Albert Rockson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Financial fraud in church organizations is increasing rapidly, which can affect the reputation, donation appeal, future funding, and ability of church organizations to meet their planned organizational goals. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies for preventing financial fraud in church organizations. The conceptual framework for the study was Cressey’s fraud triangle theory. Twenty participants who utilize strategies for preventing financial fraud in their organizations were purposively selected from 5 church organizations in Ghana. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analysis of organizational financial policy documents. Interview data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed with Saldaña’s …

What Is ‘Dark Money’? 5 Questions Answered, Richard Briffault

Faculty Scholarship

With the 2020 campaign season upon us, “dark money” is again in the news.

Maine’s Republican Sen. Susan Collins has decried what she contends is a “dark money” campaign against her. Montana’s Gov. Steve Bullock has made opposition to dark money a centerpiece of his Democratic presidential campaign.

But what exactly is “dark money,” and why is it considered a problem?

As a law professor who studies campaign finance, I’d like to answer those questions and explain how improved disclosure laws could shed some light on dark money.

Digital Realty Trust V. Somers: Whistleblowers And Corporate Retaliation, Susan B. Heyman

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

การพัฒนาต้นแบบที่เหมาะสมในการส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินของนิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิต : การประยุกต์ใช้โมสต์และสมาร์ท, ธีรยุทธ พิริยะอารยะกูล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) พัฒนาและตรวจสอบความสอดคล้องของโมเดลเชิงสาเหตุของความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินของนิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตกับข้อมูลเชิงประจักษ์ 2) วิเคราะห์ความต้องการจำเป็นในการส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินของนิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิต 3) พัฒนาต้นแบบที่เหมาะสมในการส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินของนิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตโดยประยุกต์ใช้ MOST และ SMART และ 4) ศึกษาผลการใช้ต้นแบบที่เหมาะสมในการส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินของนิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตโดยใช้การสำรวจ วิธีดำเนินการวิจัยแบ่งเป็น 4 ระยะ การวิจัยระยะที่ 1 และระยะที่ 2 ใช้การวิจัยเชิงสำรวจในการวิเคราะห์ความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินของนิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตและความต้องการจำเป็น ตัวอย่างวิจัย ประกอบด้วย นิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตจำนวน 1,494 คน จากสถาบันอุดมศึกษารัฐ สถาบันอุดมศึกษาเอกชน และสถานศึกษานอกสังกัดสำนักงานคณะกรรมการการอุดมศึกษา เครื่องมือวิจัย ประกอบด้วย แบบวัดความรู้ทางการเงินมีความตรงเชิงเนื้อหา (IOC) มีค่าอยู่ระหว่าง .428 ถึง 1.000 มีค่าความเที่ยง (KR20) เท่ากับ .783 มีค่าความยากอยู่ระหว่าง .533 ถึง .783 มีค่าอำนาจจำแนกอยู่ระหว่าง .278 ถึง .764 แบบวัดเจตคติทางการเงินและพฤติกรรมทางการเงินมีความตรงเชิงเนื้อหา (IOC) มีค่าอยู่ระหว่าง .714 ถึง 1.000 และมีความเที่ยงแบบความสอดคล้องภายในได้ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์แอลฟาของครอนบาคอยู่ระหว่าง .692 ถึง .951 การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลใช้สถิติเชิงบรรยาย ค่าดัชนี PNI แบบปรับปรุง และการวิเคราะห์ตัวแปรพหุนาม การวิจัยระยะที่ 3 เป็นการประยุกต์ใช้ MOST แบ่งออกเป็น 2 ขั้นตอน คือ ขั้นตอนแรก เป็นการวิเคราะห์การศึกษาความรอบรู้ด้านการเงินจากเอกสาร สกัดและพัฒนาองค์ประกอบของต้นแบบที่เหมาะสม ขั้นตอนที่สอง เป็นการคัดเลือกสื่อการเรียนการสอนและคุณลักษณะของเนื้อหาการเรียนการสอนตามคุณลักษณะของต้นแบบที่เหมาะสม มาตรวจสอบการตอบสนองต่อต้นแบบที่เหมาะสมด้วยการสัมภาษณ์ผู้ให้ข้อมูลจำนวน 10 คน ในการวิจัยระยะนี้ใช้การวิเคราะห์เนื้อหาและการประมาณค่าขนาดอิทธิพล การวิจัยระยะที่ 4 เป็นการประยุกต์ใช้ SMART ด้วยการสำรวจ (experimental survey) ในการวิเคราะห์การใช้ต้นแบบที่เหมาะสม ตัวอย่างวิจัย ประกอบด้วย นิสิตนักศึกษาระดับปริญญาบัณฑิตจำนวน 232 คน จากสถาบันอุดมศึกษารัฐ สถาบันอุดมศึกษาเอกชน และสถานศึกษานอกสังกัดฯ เครื่องมือวิจัย ประกอบด้วย แบบสอบถามคุณลักษณะของต้นแบบที่เหมาะสม …

Managing Cyber Risks & Business Exposure In The Surface Transportation Ecosystem, Jacques R. Francoeur

Mineta Transportation Institute

This report focuses on Surface Transportation (ST), both fixed and route-based, and the growing threats to their information technology (IT) infrastructures. As an industry, ST seeks to optimize the movement of people and goods, while ensuring safety and resiliency and minimizing environmental impact. Cyber threats are a powerful medium for those with the political, social, and economic motivations and wherewithal to disrupt and destroy existing ST systems. The ultimate objective is to develop a new paradigm to define, describe, design, and deploy the most effective protection, at the lowest cost, in the shortest time within the limits of available resources. …

Modelling Anti-Phishing Authentication Ceremonies, Edina Hatunic-Webster

Doctoral

No abstract provided.

Not Clawing The Hand That Feeds You: The Case Of Co-Opted Boards And Clawbacks, Sterling Huang, Chee Yeow Lim, Jeffrey Ng

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine how board co-option, defined as the fraction of the board comprising directors appointed after the CEO assumed office, is related to clawback adoption. We find that co-opted boards have a lower probability of adopting clawback provisions. Further, the negative association between board co-option and clawback adoption is more pronounced when at least one co-opted member is on the compensation committee and when there is a higher likelihood that a clawback provision will be triggered. Finally, we find that board co-option is an important mechanism through which longer-tenured CEOs reduce the likelihood of clawback adoption.

Does Insider Trading Pay? An Analysis Of Trading And Tipping Activities In Insider Trading Litigation, Aneta Spaic, Claire Nolasco, Lily Chi-Fang Tsai, Michael S. Vaughn

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications (Archived)

Purpose

This paper analyzes trading and tipping activities in insider trading litigation decided by federal courts from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014.

Design/methodology/approach

Legal documents from the US Securities and Exchange Commission, LexisNexis and Westlaw databases were coded to determine profile, patterns of trading and settlement outcomes.

Findings

Results of statistical analysis indicate that a defendant in both civil and criminal cases is more likely to trade on the information when he/she receives a direct, financial benefit from breaching his/her duty of confidentiality. The defendant tipper is also more likely to pass on the information to a close …

Tinder Lies, Irina D. Manta

Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship

The rise of Internet dating—in recent years especially through the use of mobile-based apps such as Tinder or Bumble—forces us to reexamine an old problem in the law: how to handle sexual fraud. Many people with romantic aspirations today meet individuals with whom they do not share friends or acquaintances, which allows predators to spin tales as to their true identities and engage in sexual relations through the use of deceit on a greater scale than was previously practicable. Indeed, according to some studies, about eighty percent of individuals lie on at least some part of their online dating profiles, …

An Empiric Path Towards Fraud Detection And Protection For Nfc-Enabled Mobile Payment System, Pinki Prakash Vishwakarma, Amiya Kumar Tripathy, Srikanth Vemuru

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The synthesis of NFC technology accompanying mobile payment is a state-of-the-art resolution for payment users. In view of rapid development in electronic payment system there is rise in fraudulent activity in banking transactions associated with credit cards and card-not-present transaction. M-Commerce aid the consumers and helps to bestow real-time information in payment system. Due to the familiarization of m-commerce there is cogent increase in the number of fraudulent activities, emerging in billions of dollar loss every year worldwide. To absolute the security breaches, payment transactions could be confined by considering various parameters like user and device authentication, consumer behavior pattern, …

Regulating Offshore Finance, William J. Moon

Vanderbilt Law Review

From the Panama Papers to the Paradise Papers, massive document leaks in recent years have exposed trillions of dollars hidden in small offshore jurisdictions. Attracting foreign capital with low tax rates and environments of secrecy, a growing number of offshore jurisdictions have emerged as major financial havens hosting thousands of hedge funds, trusts, banks, and insurance companies. While the prevailing account has examined offshore financial havens as "tax havens" that facilitate the evasion or avoidance of domestic tax, this Article uncovers how offshore jurisdictions enable business entities to opt out of otherwise mandatory domestic regulatory laws. Specifically, recent U.S. Supreme …

Consumer Protection After A Global Financial Crisis, Melissa B. Jacoby

Faculty Publications

Like other major events, the Global Financial Crisis generated a large and diffuse body of academic analysis. As part of a broader call for operationalizing the study of crises as policy shocks and resulting responses, which inevitably derail from elegant theories, we examine how regulatory protagonists approached consumer protection after the GFC, guided by six elements that should be considered in any policy shock context. After reviewing the introduction and philosophy of the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection, created as part of the Dodd–Frank Act of 2010, we consider four examples of how consumer protection unfolded in the crises’ aftermath …

Legally Cognizable Manipulation, Ido Kilovaty

Articles, Chapters in Books and Other Contributions to Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Liablity For Legalization Of Incomes Obtained From The Proceeds Of The Offences In International Law Acts And Legislation Of Foreign Countries, F.M. Fazilov

Review of law sciences

This article the author analyzes the issues of responsibility for the legalization of income derived from criminal activity in international legal acts and legislation of foreign countries. The legalization of proceeds derived from criminal activities is a criminal socially dangerous act representing imparting a lawful type to the origin of money or other property by transferring or exchanging it, non-disclosure or concealment of the true nature, source, location, method disposition, movement, rights with respect to money or other property or its accessories if money or other assets derived from criminal activity.

Predicting Accounting Misstatements Within Industries And Accounts, Emily Cokeley

Dissertations - ALL

This study examines variables that may be useful in predicting accounting misstatements. Using a database of Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Release information and building on recent models and methodology, I separate the observations by industry to determine the firm and financial statement variables that are most useful in predicting the firms within specific industries that may have accounting misstatements. I also extend the previous models to determine the significant variables in predicting not only which firms may have misstatements, but also the account(s) in which a misstatement is likely to have occurred. These models use information that is readily available …

Application Of Machine Learning Techniques In Credit Card Fraud Detection, Ronish Shakya

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Credit card fraud is an ever-growing problem in today’s financial market. There has been a rapid increase in the rate of fraudulent activities in recent years causing a substantial financial loss to many organizations, companies, and government agencies. The numbers are expected to increase in the future, because of which, many researchers in this field have focused on detecting fraudulent behaviors early using advanced machine learning techniques. However, the credit card fraud detection is not a straightforward task mainly because of two reasons: (i) the fraudulent behaviors usually differ for each attempt and (ii) the dataset is highly imbalanced, i.e., …

Age-Tastic! An Evaluation Of An Evidence-Based Intervention For Older Adults, Manoj Pardasani, Jackie Berman, Mebane Powell

Publications and Research

Background: Raising awareness of holistic health and safety among older adults is critical to enhancing their wellbeing in many cases, improving health outcomes and motivating positive behavioral changes. Age-Tastic! is a comprehensive health and safety promotion intervention that uses the concept of a competitive board game to entice older adults to participate and stay engaged.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Age-Tastic! on the level of awareness, health literacy, self-efficacy and positive behavioral change among the participants.

Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted with 98 older adults assigned to an experimental and control …

A Farewell To Falsity Shifting Standards In Medicare Fraud Enforcement, Isaac D. Buck

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Multi-Dimensional Nature Of The Phenomenon Of Fraud In Sales Organizations. Undiscovered Land Of Research Opportunity, Krzysztof Cybulski

Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

Ethics as well as moral values are a powerful force which can regulate the behavior of salespeople, both inside and outside of an organization. While reasonably specific and easy to understand, ethics do not exhaust the list of determining factors which determine a person’s propensity for fraud. There is a range of fraudulent activities which take place in companies which are not perceived as immoral or at least ethically doubtful. Authors of this text argue that fraud of organizational resources by salespeople is one of the most unrecognized and one of the most devastating phenomena in the modern sales force …

Cryptocurrency Fraud: A Look Into The Frontier Of Fraud, Stafford C. Baum

Honors College Theses

This research project was conducted to look into what sort of frauds can be committed to steal unsuspecting investors’ cryptocurrencies. The inspiration for this research came in the form of the fact that millions of dollars are lost to cryptocurrency fraud each day, and many of these frauds are successful due to the public’s naivete towards the dangers of investing in cryptocurrencies. After researching many different cryptocurrency fraud cases, the frauds could be categorized into four major categories. These categories include Ponzi schemes, fake initial coin offering schemes, pump and dump schemes as well as cryptocurrency theft.

Saving Disgorgement From Itself: Sec Enforcement After Kokesh V. Sec, Patrick L. Butler

Duke Law Journal

Disgorgement is under threat. In Kokesh v. SEC , the Supreme Court held that disgorgement—a routine remedy that allows the SEC to recoup ill-gotten gains from financial wrongdoers—is subject to a 5-year statute of limitations because it functions as a “penalty.” This ruling threatens to upend the traditional conception of disgorgement as an ancillary remedy granted by the court’s equity power, because there are no penalties at equity. With the possibility that Kokesh’s penalty reasoning could be adopted beyond the statute of limitations context, the future of disgorgement in federal court is in doubt.

This Note proposes a way forward …

Discovery And The Social Benefits Of Private Litigation, Paul Stancil

Vanderbilt Law Review

In the era just before the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure went into effect in 1938, federal civil litigation was a different animal.' Although Congress had created several private statutory causes of action before the 1930s,2 the federal civil docket prior to enactment of the Rules consisted primarily of diversity jurisdiction common law cases, labor injunctions and receiverships, and miscellaneous cases brought by the United States, including Prohibition-era "liquor cases" as well as internal revenue and food and drug enforcement. 3 Occasional exceptions notwithstanding, pre-New Deal federal courts hearing private claims functioned primarily as forums for the resolution of discrete, …

Week Of October 29, 2018 - November 2, 2018, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Today at Cardozo 2018

Events occurring this week have been sponsored by:

• Asian Pacific American Law Students Association (APALSA)
• Black Law Students Association (BLSA)
• Cardozo Art Law Society
• Cardozo FAME Center
• Cardozo Fashion Law Society
• Cardozo For Immigrants' Rights and Equality (FIRE)
• Cardozo Law Institute in Holocaust and Human Rights (CLIHHR)
• Cardozo Minority Law Student Association (MLSA)
• Cardozo South Asian Law Students Association (SALSA)
• Cardozo Women's Law Initiative (WLI)
• Chabad at Cardozo
• Heyman Center on Corporate Law and Governance
• Indie Film Clinic
• Intellectual Property Law Society (IPLS)
• Jewish Law Students Association (JLSA)
• Latin American Law Student Association (LALSA)
• New York Democratic Lawyers Council

Regulation A+: New And Improved After The Jobs Act Or A Failed Revival?, Neal Newman

Faculty Scholarship

This piece is a follow-up to a previous article that I wrote on Regulation A. In April of 2012, then President Barack Obama signed into law the Jumpstart our Business Start Ups (JOBS) Act. Under the JOBS Act’s Title IV, Congress made revisions to a private offering exemption referred to as Regulation A with the intention of reviving an exempt offering option that was close to dormant. The primary Regulation A criticism being that issuers were required to do too much in terms of providing business and financial disclosure where the most the issuer could raise though a Regulation A …

Towards A Development Of Predictive Models For Healthcare Hipaa Security Rule Violation Fines, Jim Furstenberg, Yair Levy

KSU Proceedings on Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act’s (HIPAA) Security Rule (SR) mandate provides a national standard for the protection of electronic protected health information (ePHI). The SR’s standards provide healthcare covered entities (CEs’) flexibility in how to meet the standards because the SR regulators realized that all health care organizations are not the same. However, the SR requires CEs’ to implement reasonable and appropriate safeguards, as well as security controls that protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) of their ePHI data. However, compliance with the HIPAA SR mandates are confusing, complicated, and can be costly to CEs’. Flexibility in …

A Decision Model For Data Mining Techniques, Maoloud Dabab, Mike Freiling, Nayem Rahman, Daniel Sagalowicz

Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Data mining is the process of extracting useful information from very large data sources. Data mining techniques have proven to be very useful in many domains. However, there is no single algorithm or technique that works best across all types of datasets and problems, and it remains "an art" to decide what data mining technique to use for a specific situation. This paper surveys several data mining techniques that can be applied to different business problems, and presents a decision model in the form of a series of 15-20 questions that help identify the best approach or approaches to a …

Community Bank Leaders' Perception On Maintaining Values In Decision Making, Jennifer H. Matheny

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This qualitative study explored community bank leaders’ perception of conflicts between their personal values and core corporate values when negotiating critical decisions. At this stage in the research, the negotiating of decisions were generally defined as resolving conflicts between personal and organizational values. Results provide an understanding of how values-based leadership affects executive level decisions in community banks. A purposeful sample of community bank leaders participated in qualitative interviews. These leaders were selected based on their responsibility to make decisions that influenced their corporate culture and/or had a significant impact on their company. Based on the study, there was a …