Digital Commons Network^™

Fraud Detection Using Data Analytics, Ayesha Karmustaji

Theses

At present, the biggest concern of every organization is to detect and control financial fraud. Tax frauds cause the loss of billions of dollars every year. As a result, data mining techniques are used to combat the growing problem of tax fraud. Tax evasions cause a reduction in revenue collection. It also has a bleak impact on government policies and budget. The goal of this study is to describe the use of data analytics tools to process and analyze tax data related to value-added tax evasions. This study is a conceptual perspective that provides a theoretical and methodological basis for …

The First Sign: Detecting Future Financial Fraud From The Ipo Prospectus, Lisa Spadaccini Anderson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In this study, I examine whether it is possible to predict future financial statement fraud using disclosure content prior to the fraud. Specifically, I employ a machine learning algorithm to construct a unique measure based on the lexical cues embedded within a firm’s first public disclosure, the Management’s Discussion and Analysis section of the S-1 filing, during the Initial Public Offering process. I use this measure to predict whether a firm that is not already committing fraud will commit fraud within five years of the Initial Public Offering (IPO) that results in an Accounting or Enforcement Release (AAER). I find …

Article Iii Standing, The Sword And The Shield: Resolving A Circuit Split In Favor Of Data Breach Plaintiffs, R. Andrew Grindstaff

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

The recent proliferation of data breaches is one such event requiring a rethreading of standing doctrine. The Courts of Appeal are currently split on whether to allow or deny standing for data breach plaintiffs—those persons seeking recourse from the entities that fell victim to the breach and therein lost plaintiffs’ data to an unknown third party. Standing requires plaintiffs to show some injury, and how courts approach the concept of injury in these data breach cases determines whether plaintiffs will survive the standing analysis. Despite the disparate treatment of litigants across the circuits, the Supreme Court has repeatedly punted when …

Fraud Against Financial Institutions: Judging Materiality Post-Escobar, Matthew A. Edwards

William & Mary Business Law Review

In Neder v. United States, 527 U.S. 1 (1999), the Supreme Court held that proof of materiality is required for convictions under the federal mail, wire and bank fraud statutes. During the past 20 years, the federal courts have endeavored to apply the complex common law concept of materiality to the federal criminal law context. The Supreme Court’s recent decision in Universal Health Services, Inc. v. United States ex rel. Escobar, 136 S. Ct. 1989 (2016), a civil case involving the False Claims Act, provided the federal appellate courts with an ideal opportunity to reconsider materiality standards in federal fraud …

Innovative Processes In The Microfinance System, N.I. Sultanova

Economics and Innovative Technologies

This article examines the role of innovation in microfinance institutions, in particular the role of digital systems in banking and non-bank microfinance institutions in Uzbekistan. It also analyzes the "digital banks" established in the country, their legal framework, the possibility of using innovations in the activities of microfinance institutions in the country, including digital systems.

Improving Board Decisions: The Promise Of Diversity, Cindy A. Schipani

Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality

No abstract provided.

Correlational Study Of Embezzlement And Economic Conditions In New England, Patricia Conn Ryan

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This research study was conducted to contribute to the body of knowledge related to embezzlement, a classification of occupational fraud. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE, 2020), it is estimated that losses from occupational fraud represent 5% of revenue each year and that 86% of occupational fraud included asset misappropriation or embezzlement. The purpose of this quantitative research study was to investigate the relationship between economic indicators and incidents of embezzlement. The study population included all incidents of embezzlement reported in New England between 2004 and 2018. Archival data were collected from various governmental sources for both …

The Commodification Of Personal Data And The Road To Consumer Autonomy Through The Ccpa, Blaire Rose

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The internet has transformed into a museum of personal information collected through the digital footprint we leave behind after each act performed on the web. Businesses have monetized this collection of personal data in various ways. For instance, many companies analyze this information through predicting analytics and data profiling to identify consumer interests that they can exploit as a means to generate revenue. Though user data promotes many benefits for businesses and consumers alike, the recent data breaches of massive companies, coupled with hazy privacy disclosures that beget consent disputes, have left both users and businesses perturbed and exposed to …

Mother Nature Needs Her Sox: Reviewing The Impetus And Goals Of The Increased Financial Regulations Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act And How They Parallel The Needs Of Today's Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Meyer

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

As climate change and natural disasters appear to be increasingly prevalent across the United States, the question of how to respond to these threats looms large. Arguably, the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) represents the tip of that responding spear. The agency, literally dedicated to protecting the environment, is positioned to drive industry environmental standards, set sustainable metrics, and even determine thresholds for habitable life.

Looks can be deceiving, though. This Note examines the current state of the EPA, and the minimal effect it currently has on penalizing and deterring industry environmental degradation. It specifically focuses on a number of high-profile …

Reimagining The Classroom Experience

Business Exchange

This article discusses innovative approaches to teaching business subjects, including using the principles of improvisational comedy to teach business leadership, using a game to help students learn to uncover financial fraud, and working in technology-enhanced classrooms.

A Dual System Of Justice: Financial Institutions And White-Collar Criminal Enforcement, Sebastian Bellm

Notre Dame Law Review

Proposing more severe punishment for white-collar criminals is not a new concept. While many argue for the increased prison time of white-collar offenders, others provide “a counter-perspective on the use of prison sentences.” Other areas of academic publication support the convergence of sentencing guidelines for white-collar and drug-related criminals, particularly in light of utilitarian and retributivist principles. Rather than simply recommending that white-collar criminals should be punished more, this Note proposes two distinct structural solutions that reevaluate the current policies directing the punishment of white-collar criminal conduct. Specifically, this Note argues that the Department of Justice (DOJ) should reconsider the …

Anomalous Event Sequence Detection, Boxiang Dong, Zhengzhang Chen, Lu An Tang, Haifeng Chen, Hui Wang, Kai Zhang, Ying Lin, Zhichun Li

Department of Computer Science Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Anomaly detection has been widely applied in modern data-driven security applications to detect abnormal events/entities that deviate from the majority. However, less work has been done in terms of detecting suspicious event sequences/paths, which are better discriminators than single events/entities for distinguishing normal and abnormal behaviors in complex systems such as cyber-physical systems. A key and challenging step in this endeavor is how to discover those abnormal event sequences from millions of system event records in an efficient and accurate way. To address this issue, we propose NINA, a network diffusion based algorithm for identifying anomalous event sequences. Experimental results …

From The Frontlines Of The Modern Movement To End Forced Arbitration And Restore Jury Rights, F. Paul Bland, Myriam Gilles, Tanuja Gupta

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.

Forensic Accounting At Bgsu: A Proposal, Allison Mishka

Honors Projects

Forensic accounting is a field utilizing accounting and investigative knowledge to detect and examine financial fraud. There is growing demand for professionals in the field. Currently Bowling Green State University (BGSU) does not offer a forensic accounting course. To determine if introducing a forensic accounting to BGSU is appropriate at this time, I have researched other accounting programs and forensic accounting courses. I have also conducted surveys of Schmidthorst College of Business students and faculty as well as forensic accounting professionals to determine if implementing a forensic accounting course would be beneficial to the university and to students. Based on …

Audit Quality Research: A Bibliometric Analysis, Muhamad Taqi, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Bandi Bandi, Payamta Payamta, Aam Slamet Rusydiana

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study aims to determine the development and research trend maps with the theme Audit Quality published by well-known journals. The data used in this study were 499 indexed research publications with the theme Audit Quality in the period 1981 to 2020. The map of research development in Audit Quality was obtained through the export process, which would be processed and analyzed using the R Biblioshiny application program. This study shows that the number of publications about the development of Audit Quality research has increased significantly. The research results show that the journal that publishes the most and has the …

George F. Drew, Florida's Redemption Governor, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Post-Scandal Organizational (Dis)Order: A Grounded-Theory Approach Shifting From Murphy’S Law To Safer Regulatory Environments, Jesus R. Jimenez-Andrade, Timothy J. Fogarty, Richard J. Boland

Accounting Faculty Publications (Archived)

The literature shows that, in the wake of negative media exposition, organizations’ self-regulation tends to be strengthened. We investigate such motivation from the perspective of the psychosocial consequences in executives’ and organizational self-confidence. A grounded-theory approach supports findings from 27 different events described by top-level executives from major publicly traded organizations. Their testimonies document that scandalous episodes, when they occur, leave a trauma footprint within the organizational and individual consciousness because of the perceived post-event humiliation, remorse, guilt, and fear. The paradigm of reliance and trust in the designed structures is severely altered. In turn, a climate of excessive self-regulation …

It’S Time To Put Character Back Into The Character-Evidence Rule, Steven Goode

Marquette Law Review

Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b), which governs the admissibility of other-acts evidence, is a mess, and recently-promulgated amendments will not fix it. The amendments fail to address the two major problems underlying Rule 404(b). First, the rule is based on a categorical judgment about the relative probative value and unfair prejudice of other-acts evidence when offered as character evidence; that is, to prove the defendant acted in accordance with his or her character. In numerous cases, however, other-acts evidence is highly probative and the rule’s categorical judgment is decidedly wrong. Not surprisingly, courts often admit such evidence, typically by erroneously …

Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Governance, And Banking Performance In The Cemac Region, Divine Fondem

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This researcher examined the effect of corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on banking performance in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) region. The data was obtained from the Worldwide Governance and the World Bank sovereign database from 2003 to 2018. This study employs the z-score to proxy the CSR factors such as labor force participation rate, population density, and renewable energy. The results reveal that the fixed effects model is superior to the pooled ordinary least square (OLS) and the random-effects model. The findings show that CSR has a significantly positive relationship, while CG has …

The Lawyer: Spring 2021, Seattle University School Of Law

Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Impostor Scams, David Adam Friedman

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Impostor scams have recently become the most common type of consumer scam in America, surpassing identity theft. It has never been easier and more profitable to be an impostor scammer. Though the core of these scams dates back centuries, these fraudsters consistently find novel ways to manipulate human motives and emotions. Nonetheless, the public should not give up hope. Policymakers and private actors can slow down this scourge if they focus on the key chokepoints that impostor scammers rely upon to achieve their ends. This Article provides a roadmap for a solution to impostor scams, offering specific suggestions for mitigating …

Analysis Of Chinese Real Estate Follow-Up Investment Operation Effect And Mechanism, Yinyu He

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Follow-up investment system has become a fundamental system for the development of most real estate development enterprises. In the upward cycle of real estate, follow-up investment based incentive mechanism is of great importance for performance growth of real estate development enterprise. However, real estate development enterprises lack a relatively mature model to effectively build a follow-up investment system. While building a follow-up investment system, most real estate development enterprises find a benchmark object and copy it mechanically.

The author explored the basic implementation status of follow-up investment system of Chinese real estate enterprises through 310 questionnaires survey, interview and literature …

The Agent’S Problem, Asaf Eckstein, Gideon Parchomovsky

Duke Law Journal

The agency problem, the idea that corporate directors and officers are motivated to prioritize their self-interest over the interest of their corporation, has had a long-lasting impact on corporate-law theory and practice. In recent years, however, as federal agencies have stepped up enforcement efforts against corporations, a new problem has surfaced: what we call the “reverse agency problem.” The surge in criminal investigations against corporations, combined with the rising popularity of settlement mechanisms, including pretrial diversion agreements and corporate plea agreements, has led corporations to sacrifice directors and officers in order to reach settlements with law enforcement authorities as expeditiously …

Deep-Learning-Based Multivariate Pattern Analysis (Dmvpa): A Tutorial And A Toolbox, Karl M. Kuntzelman, Jacob M. Williams, Phui Cheng Lim, Ashtok Samal, Prahalada K. Rao, Matthew R. Johnson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

In recent years, multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has been hugely beneficial for cognitive neuroscience by making new experiment designs possible and by increasing the inferential power of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and other neuroimaging methodologies. In a similar time frame, “deep learning” (a term for the use of artificial neural networks with convolutional, recurrent, or similarly sophisticated architectures) has produced a parallel revolution in the field of machine learning and has been employed across a wide variety of applications. Traditional MVPA also uses a form of machine learning, but most commonly with much simpler techniques based on …

Proposed Interpretations And Definition: Responding To Noncompliance With Laws And Regulations, February 25, 2021, Comments Are Requested By June 30, 2021; Exposure Draft (American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants), 2021, February 25, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Professional Ethics Executive Committee

Exposure Drafts, Comment Letters, and Statements of Position

No abstract provided.

Yerbol Alshinbayev V. Attorney General United States

2021 Decisions

Agency

The District Of Columbia Circuit Finds Article Iii Standing Based On The Risk Of Future Identity Theft In In Re U.S. Office Of Personnel Management Data Security Breach Litigation, Briana L. Borgolini

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Risky Business: A New(Ish) Approach To Corporate Criminal Liability, Anish Patel

Seton Hall Law Review

No abstract provided.

Mitigating Financial Fraud Risk With Data Analytics, Clarence Goh, Gary Pan

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

The risks associated with financial fraud that modern CFOs face today is particularly high. The same report examined Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases (AAERs) issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in the US from 2014 to 2019 and found that while the SEC frequently charged the person directly responsible for perpetuating the financial fraud, the CFO was among the most commonly charged employees. Data analytics techniques can play an important role in mitigating the risk of financial fraud for CFOs.

Can President Trump Be Impeached As Mr. Trump? Exploring The Temporal Dimension Of Impeachments, Harold J. Krent

Chicago-Kent Law Review

No abstract provided.