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Illinois State University, One Hundred And Sixty-Fifth Annual Commencement, December 2024, Illinois State University

Commencement Programs

Illinois State University

One Hundred and Sixty-Fifth Annual Commencement

December 2024

The Impact Of Early Axial Interfragmentary Motion On The Fracture Healing Environment: A Scoping Review, Griffin R Rechter, Ryan Tyler Anthony, Justin Rennard, James F Kellam, Stephen J Warner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The initial interfragmentary motion (IFM) at a fracture site determines the mode of fracture healing. Understanding the impact of orthopaedic interventions on the fracture environment is essential to advancing our knowledge of fracture healing. The purpose of this scoping review is to analyze the orthopaedic literature to assess our understanding of the effects of early axial IFM on fracture healing outcomes.

Methods: PubMed, OVID, and Scopus databases were queried to identify all studies from inception until June 2023 assessing axial IFM on fracture healing outcomes in animal and human subjects. We collected information regarding the amount of IFM, osteotomy/fracture …

Endovascular Thrombectomy For Childhood Stroke (Save Childs Pro): An International, Multicentre, Prospective Registry Study, Peter B Sporns, Kartik Bhatia, Todd Abruzzo, Lisa Pabst, Stuart Fraser, Melissa G Chung, Warren Lo, Ahmed Othman, Sebastian Steinmetz, Ulf Jensen-Kondering, Stefan Schob, Daniel P O Kaiser, Wolfgang Marik, Christina Wendl, Ilka Kleffner, Hans Henkes, Hermann Kraehling, Thi Dan Linh Nguyen-Kim, René Chapot, Umut Yilmaz, Furene Wang, Muhammad Ubaid Hafeez, Flavio Requejo, Nicola Limbucci, Birgit Kauffmann, Markus Möhlenbruch, Omid Nikoubashman, Peter D Schellinger, Patricia Musolino, Ali Alawieh, Jenny Wilson, Dominik Grieb, Alexandra S Gersing, Thomas Liebig, Martin Olivieri, Jaroslava Paulasova Schwabova, Ales Tomek, Panagiotis Papanagiotou, Grégoire Boulouis, Olivier Naggara, Christine K Fox, Kirill Orlov, Alexandra Kuznetsova, Carmen Parra-Farinas, Prakash Muthusami, Robert W Regenhardt, Adam A Dmytriw, Tanja Burkard, Mesha Martinez, Daniel Brechbühl, Maja Steinlin, Lisa R Sun, Ameer E Hassan, André Kemmling, Sarah Lee, Heather J Fullerton, Jens Fiehler, Marios-Nikos Psychogios, Moritz Wildgruber

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy is beneficial for treatment of childhood stroke, but the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy has not been compared with best medical treatment. We aimed to prospectively analyse functional outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy versus best medical treatment in children with intracranial arterial occlusion stroke.

Methods: In this prospective registry study, 45 centres in 12 countries across Asia and Australia, Europe, North America, and South America reported functional outcomes for children aged between 28 days and 18 years presenting with arterial ischaemic stroke caused by a large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusion who received either endovascular …

A Multi-Institutional Study Of Magnetic Resonance/Ultrasound Fusion-Guided Nanoparticle-Directed Focal Therapy For Prostate Ablation, Steven E Canfield, Arvin K George, Joshua S Jue, Sara C Lewis, Matthew S Davenport, Varaha S Tammisetti, Mahir Maruf, Leonardo D Borregalaes, Yara Kadria-Vili, Jon A Schwartz, Jennifer West, Naomi J Halas, Ardeshir R Rastinehad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Focal therapy aims to provide a durable oncologic treatment option for men with prostate cancer (PCa), while preserving their quality of life. Most focal therapy modalities rely on the direct tissue effect, resulting in a possible nontargeted approach to ablation. Here, we report the results of the first human feasibility trial utilizing nanoparticle-directed focal photothermal ablation for PCa.

Materials and methods: A prospective, open-label, single-arm, multicenter study of men with localized PCa in Gleason Grade Group 1 to 3 was conducted. Men received a single infusion of gold nanoparticles (AuroShells), followed by magnetic resonance (MR)/ultrasound (US) fusion-guided laser excitation …

Self- And Informant Report In A First-Time Diagnosis Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Adulthood: The Role Of Females, Antonio F Pagán, Amy K Izuno-Garcia, Killian R Hughes, Katherine S Chapman, Katherine A Loveland

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adulthood is a growing area of research and practice as the number of adults seeking a first-time diagnosis has increased. Informants are often utilized to aid in the evaluation of ASD in childhood. Little is known regarding the convergence of self- and informant-report measures of ASD in adults and whether gender differences exist. We explored the convergence of self-report and informant ratings on two commonly used rating scales and a clinician observation measure for the diagnosis of ASD.

Methods: The present study explored the convergence of two commonly used measures (SRS-2 …

A Confounding Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury: Anterior, Central, Or Both?, Mara Martinez-Santori, Anthony Kennedy, Autumn Atkinson, Stuart Fraser, Simra Javaid

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pediatric spinal cord injury (SCI) most commonly affects the cervical region. Central cord syndrome most often occurs in the lower cervical injury due to hyperextension injury, while anterior cord syndrome is primarily due to vascular infarction after hyperextension injury. An unusual case of a pediatric patient who physically presented with central cord syndrome but radiologically had evidence of anterior spinal artery syndrome is described.A two-year-old male presented after a fall from three feet with flaccid upper extremities and dysesthesias but maintained functional strength in bilateral lower extremities. Although his clinical presentation was that of central cord syndrome, he was found …

Nasal Virus Infection Induces Asthma Exacerbation Through B-Cell-Dependent Recruitment Of Inflammatory Monocytes, Kody A Waldstein, Arman Issimov, Maria Ganama, Valerie Jinge, Stephen Tilley, Xiaoyang Hua

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Upper respiratory viral infections (URVIs) are responsible for 80% of asthma exacerbation episodes. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: In this study, we used a mouse model of URVI and examined the impact of URVI on asthma phenotypes and the underlying mechanisms.

Results: Previously, we have reported that nasal-restricted infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) only produces mild sino-nasal inflammation and mucus production, without causing direct lung infection. However, such nasal-restricted infection dramatically enhanced TH2 and TH17 inflammatory responses in the lungs and increased airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice with house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma. Additionally, nasal-restricted …

Expanded-Access Use Of Elamipretide Improves Quality Of Life In Patients With Rare Mitochondrial Disorders Characterized By Ophthalmic Symptoms: A Case Series, Sharique Ansari, Mary Kay Koenig

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This case series presents the use of elamipretide in two patients with different progressive mitochondrial disorders (chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia [CPEO] plus and neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa [NARP] syndrome) characterized by ophthalmic traits. Elamipretide was well tolerated and both patients demonstrated improvement in symptoms while on therapy.

Compensation For Metabolic Dietitians Practicing In The United States: 2023 Genetic Metabolic Dietitians International Professional Status Survey, Krista Viau, Sommer Gaughan, Jessica Kopesky, Beth Ogata, Heather Saavedra, Mary Sowa, Erin Macleod

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Genetic Metabolic Dietitians International (GMDI) conducted a professional status survey of metabolic dietitians working in the United States to describe job satisfaction and establish salary and compensation benchmarks specific to metabolic dietitians.

Methods: The survey was anonymously administered in a web-based format via REDCap between October and November 2023. Registered dietitians working with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) were eligible to participate.

Results: A total of 178 surveys were received and 147 were included in the final analysis. Most respondents were female (96 %), worked in a clinical setting (83 %), and held a graduate degree (75 %), while …

Systolic Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Health, And Neurocognition In Adolescents., Stephen R Hooper, Marc B Lande, Joseph T Flynn, Coral D Hanevold, Kevin E Meyers, Joshua Samuels, Richard C Becker, Stephen R Daniels, Bonita E Falkner, Michael A Ferguson, Julie R Ingelfinger, Lisa J Martin, Mark Mitsnefes, Phillip Khoury, Jangdong Seo, Elaine M Urbina

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: We studied whether increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), as determined by auscultatory SBP, ambulatory SBP, and the number of cardiovascular health risk indicators, are associated with neurocognition in adolescents.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 365 adolescents (mean age, 15.5 years) from 6 academic medical centers in the United States. The sample was 59.5% male, 52.6% White, with 23.9% of the caregivers having less than or equal to a high school degree. Primary exposures included the following: auscultatory SBP, ambulatory SBP, and the number of cardiovascular risk factors. Neurocognitive outcomes comprised nonverbal IQ, attention, and parent ratings of executive functions. …

Type Ii Innate Lymphoid Cell Plasticity Contributes To Impaired Reconstitution After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Sonia J. Laurie, Joseph P. Foster, Danny W. Bruce, Hemamalini Bommiasamy, Oleg V. Kolupaev, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Samantha G. Pattenden, Nelson J. Chao, Stefanie Sarantopoulos, Joel S. Parker, Ian J. Davis, Jonathan S. Serody

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Type II innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) maintain homeostasis and barrier integrity in mucosal tissues. In both mice and humans, ILC2s poorly reconstitute after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Determining the mechanisms involved in their impaired reconstitution could improve transplant outcomes. By integrating single-cell chromatin and transcriptomic analyses of transplanted ILC2s, we identify a previously unreported population of converted ILC1-like cells in the mouse small intestine post-transplant. Exposure of ILC2s to proinflammatory cytokines resulted in a mixed ILC1-ILC2 phenotype but was able to convert only a small population of ILC2s to ILC1s, which were found post-transplant. Whereas ILC2s protected against …

Does The Loss Of Chance Doctrine Have A Chance In International Sport Arbitration?, Dmitry A. Pentsov

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

The Article analyzes whether and, if so, how, the loss of chance doctrine providing the basis for claims against person who deprived victims of a chance of occurrence of a certain result or decreased this chance could be used in international sport arbitration at the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). It provides a comparative analysis of applicability of this doctrine under English law, French law, and the law of the State of New York to sport competitions and outlines potential problems of utilizing this doctrine in the CAS arbitration through domestic law based on choice-of-law rules. The Article argues …

Cultural Memory And The Search For Identity In Victorian Fantasy Fiction, Sadie Boggs

Honors College Theses

Fantasy literature's origins can be traced through myths and folktales, medieval romances, enlightenment fairy tale fantasy, and Romanticism, before finally taking firmer root in the Victorian period and blooming into its own genre in 20th century modern fantasy. Victorian thinkers reacted to the Enlightenment’s realism and technological innovation by “rediscovering” the Middle Ages as a time of beauty, simplicity, and moral virtue. Simultaneously, Psychology developed as a recognized field of study, and theories emerged about the psychological process of memory formation and retrieval, as well as its reliability and relation to identity.

Considering these psychological theories, Victorian fantasy's cultural memory …

Delineating Genetic Influences On Neurodegenerative Disorders And Infectious Diseases Through Advanced Computational Methods, Xiaowei Zhuang

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Genetics plays a critical role in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders and pathogen evolution in infectious diseases. For example, identifying genetic variants associated with a disease phenotype uncovers functional pathways that could lead to potential drug targets and therapeutic interventions. In addition, tracking the genetic evolution of pathogens enables early detection and warning of infectious disease outbreaks. In both applications, given the large amount of genetic data, advanced computational methods, including longitudinal and multivariate models, could significantly boost the statistical power and capture interrelationships among traits, environmental factors and genetic influences. This dissertation focuses on four applications of …

Density-Driven Investigations Of Ruthenium Binary Compounds Rux2 (X = O, S, N), Melanie White

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Exploration and fine-tuning of the energy landscape of materials can be accessed by means of changes in material density, a key principle of high pressure research. Density-driven changes impact variations in oxidation states and coordination numbers for the element constituents of a compound. Pressure-induced modification of intrinsic density can promote the formation of new materials, variations in physical properties, and transformations in crystallographic symmetry. With this as our foundation, we focus on ruthenium binary compounds - altering the anion species to change electronegativity while probing pressure and temperature effects. This led us to the present study of ruthenium oxide RuO2, …

The Bridge Newsletter Winter 2024, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

The Bridge Newsletter

• TED x Missouri S&T: Unveiling Resilience
• ElGawady named interim chair
• Ma named inaugural Kummer Impact Professor
• Sensor patent granted
• Burken awarded ASCE President’s Medal

Enhancing Low-Resource Language Performance In Multilingual Large Language Models, Mingqi Li

All Dissertations

The large language models play an important role in many natural language tasks. However, training these models requires large amounts of data, which is not available for many languages. A noticeable performance gap exists between English and other languages, with low-resource languages showcasing this gap prominently. Therefore, it becomes imperative to improve large language models for low-resource languages. To address these challenges, we developed knowledge distillation and strategic prompt-learning, and attention alignment methods to improve the representation capabilities of large language models for low-resource language, and then enhanced their performance in downstream tasks.

In our first study, we developed a …

Use Of Sea Buckthorn Oil In The Treatment Of Skin Disease: Anti-Inflammatory Benefits, Clinical Applications, And Formulary Challenges, Evadne Rodriguez, Justin Flores, Kathleen Click, Vivian Li, Alexandra Loperfito, Marissa Ruppe, Kelly M. Frasier

Student Publications

Skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, burns, and other barrier insults pose ongoing therapeutic challenges, often requiring treatments that address both inflammation and skin barrier repair. The primary aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential benefits of sea buckthorn oil, derived from Hippophae rhamnoides, as a treatment for various skin diseases, detailing its anti-inflammatory properties, reporting benefits across several skin conditions, and highlighting challenges in formulation as well as preservation of the oil’s nutritional benefits. Drawing from a wide array of existing literature, this review investigates sea buckthorn oil’s rich composition of …

The Association Between Care Integration And Care Quality, Adam Scherling, Anna D Sinaiko, Sara J Singer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: The study aims to analyze the relationship between care integration and care quality, and to examine if the relationship varies by patient risk.

Data sources and study setting: The key independent variables used validated measures derived from a provider survey of functional (i.e., administrative and clinical systems) and social (i.e., patient integration, professional cooperation, professional coordination) integration. Survey responses represented data from a stratified sample of 59 practice sites from 17 health systems. Dependent variables included three quality measures constructed from patient-level Medicare data: colorectal cancer screening among patients at risk, patient-level 30-day readmission, and a practice-level Healthcare Effectiveness …

Identification Of Proteins Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Risk In Diverse Racial And Ethnic Populations, Haoran Xue, Peter Durda, Russell P Tracy, Yongmei Liu, W Craig Johnson, Kent D Taylor, Ani W Manichaikul, Mark O Goodarzi, Robert E Gerszten, Clary B Clish, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Heather Highland, Christopher A Haiman, Christopher R Gignoux, Leslie Lange, David V Conti, Laura M Raffield, Lynne Wilkens, Kari E North, Kristin L Young, Ruth J Loos, Steve Buyske, Tara Matise, Ulrike Peters, Charles Kooperberg, Alexander P Reiner, Bing Yu, Eric Boerwinkle, Quan Sun, Mary R Rooney, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Martha L Daviglus, Qibin Qi, Nicholas Mancuso, Changwei Li, Youping Deng, Alisa Manning, James B Meigs, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, Lang Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aims/hypothesis: Several studies have reported associations between specific proteins and type 2 diabetes risk in European populations. To better understand the role played by proteins in type 2 diabetes aetiology across diverse populations, we conducted a large proteome-wide association study using genetic instruments across four racial and ethnic groups: African; Asian; Hispanic/Latino; and European.

Methods: Genome and plasma proteome data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) study involving 182 African, 69 Asian, 284 Hispanic/Latino and 409 European individuals residing in the USA were used to establish protein prediction models by using potentially associated cis- and trans-SNPs. The models were …

Associations Of Head And Neck Cancers With Herpes Zoster In The Preceding Five Years, Chao Hung Chen, Sudha Xirasagar Mbbs., Ph.D, Shih Han Hung, Herng Ching Lin, Chin Shyan Chen

Publications

This population-based study investigated the risk of having had prior herpes zoster within five years preceding a diagnosis of head and neck cancer. We conducted a case-control study that included 9,191 patients with a diagnosis of head and neck cancer in Taiwan’s Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 and 36,764 matched controls. We assessed the odds of patients with head and neck cancer having had a diagnosis of herpes zoster during the five years preceding head and neck cancer using multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of prior herpes zoster among the total sample was 4.6%, 7.9% and 3.8% among patients …

Evaluation Of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis In Pediatric General Medicine Patients After Transfer From The Intensive Care Unit And At Discharge, Rathi Asaithambi, Surin Lee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to determine continuation rates of stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) upon transfer from a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) to a general medicine unit and upon hospital discharge. The secondary aim was to identify patient characteristics or concomitant medications that were associated with continuation of SUP at transfer from the PICU.

METHODS: This retrospective chart review included patients who were initiated on acid suppression for SUP in the PICU between June 2021 and May 2022 and subsequently transferred to a general medicine unit prior to discharge. Patients were excluded if they were receiving …

10 Practical Priorities To Prevent And Manage Serious Allergic Reactions: Ga2len Anacare And Efa Anaphylaxis Manifesto, Aikaterini Anagnostou, Victoria Cardona, Susanne Halken, Pete Smith, Luciana Kase Tanno, Paul Turner, Margitta Worm, Montserrat Alvaro-Lozano, Stefania Arasi, Anna Asarnoj, Simona Barni, Kirsten Beyer, Lucy A Bilaver, Andrew Bird, Roberta Bonaguro, Helen A Brough, R Sharon Chinthrajah, Emma E Cook, Céline Demoulin, Antoine Deschildre, Timothy E Dribin, Motohiro Ebisawa, Montserrat Fernandez-Rivas, Alessandro Fiocchi, David M Fleischer, Eleanor Garrow, Jennifer Gerdts, Mattia Giovannini, Kirsi M Järvinen, Mary Kelly, Edward F Knol, Gideon Lack, Francesca Lazzarotto, Thuy-My Le, Stephanie Leonard, Jay Lieberman, Michael Makris, Lianne Mandelbaum, Mary Jane Marchisotto, Gustavo Andres Marino, Francesca Mori, Caroline Nilsson, Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn, Mikaela Odemyr, H N G Oude Elberink, Kati Palosuo, Nandinee Patel, Jennifer Pier, Sung Poblete, Rima Rachid, Pablo Rodríguez Del Río, Maria Said, Hugh A Sampson, Angel Sánchez Sanz, Sabine Schnadt, Fallon Schultz, Alice Toniolo, Julia E M Upton, Carina Venter, Brian P Vickery, Berber Vlieg-Boerstra, Julie Wang, Graham Roberts, Torsten Zuberbier, Ga2len Anacare Centres And Efa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This Anaphylaxis Manifesto calls on communities to prioritise 10 practical actions to improve the lives of people at risk of serious allergic reactions. The Global Allergy and Asthma European Network and the European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients' Associations (EFA) compiled patient-centric priorities. We used qualitative consensus methods, research evidence and feedback from over 200 patient groups, stakeholder organisations and healthcare professionals. We encourage healthcare, education and food organisations to collaborate with people at risk of serious allergic reactions to tackle safety, anxiety and financial burdens for individuals and societies. Key priorities for prevention include awareness-raising campaigns for …

Prevalence Of Psychiatric Comorbidities And Treatment Initiation In African American Pediatric Patients With Vitiligo: A Retrospective, Single-Center, Case-Control Study, Promise Ufomadu, Nicole Nyamongo, Grace Lee, Soo Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Vitiligo may impact psychosocial development, especially among African American pediatric patients, given heightened visibility and increasing rates of anxiety and depression in this subpopulation.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate psychiatric comorbidities and treatment initiation in African American pediatric patients.

METHODS: A total of 327 African American pediatric patients with vitiligo were each matched to 3 patients without vitiligo by age, race, and sex in this case-control study. Prevalence of psychiatric conditions and subsequent initiation of pharmacotherapy and/or psychotherapy were analyzed.

RESULTS: Compared to controls, pediatric African American patients with vitiligo were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with depression (

LIMITATIONS: This …

Assessing The Predictive Power Of Nutritional Indices On All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In Hemodialysis Patients: A Longitudinal Study, Wenbo Zhao, Jianqiang Liu, Yanru Chen, Juncheng Xiang, Xin Zhen, Jiawen Li, Yunfang Zhang, Xianrui Dou, Zhaoyong Hu, Jun Zhang, Hui Peng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: The prognostic value of nutritional scoring tools in assessing the relationship between nutritional status and prognosis in hemodialysis patients is unclear. This multicenter retrospective cohort study compared the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Controlling Nutritional Status scores (CONUT), and Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) for predictive accuracy of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, especially the impact of dynamic changes over time on prognosis.

METHODS: Hemodialysis patients from four hospitals were included. Laboratory data and nutrition scores were collected at the initiation of dialysis, and at 6th, 12th, and 18th months after dialysis initiation. A joint model analyzed the relationship …

Behind The Screen: Exploring Parental Roles In K-12 Online Education, Barbara T. Sandberg, Charles R. Graham, Jered Borup, Richard E. West, Rocio Quiroga Velasquez

Faculty Publications

Independent engagement can be challenging for K-12 online students. Parents’ physical presence makes them an important source of engagement support. Previous research on parental support in online courses is limited and focused on asynchronous learning within a single program. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, online enrollments have grown and instructional modalities have evolved. To better understand parental support post-Covid, we interviewed 21 parents across eight online programs with asynchronous, synchronous, and bichronous course offerings. Parents identified their affective, behavioral, cognitive, and other support roles. Implications for parental roles in addressing the academic engagement gap are provided to both researchers and practitioners.

Association Between Microsatellite Instability Status, Clinicopathological Features And Mitochondrial Dna Amplification In Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Xi Chen, Zhongyi Tong

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The relationship between BRAF-V600E mutations, mitochondrial DNA amplification and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between the MSI status and BRAF-V600E gene mutations/clinicopathological features/mitochondrial DNA amplification in CRC. A non-interventional study analysis was performed using the clinicopathological features of 455 patients with CRC. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate four mismatch repair proteins (MutS homolog 2, MutS homolog 6, MutL homolog 1 and postmeiotic segregation increased 2), Ki-67 index, and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. …

Tyk2 Regulates Tau Levels, Phosphorylation And Aggregation In A Tauopathy Mouse Model, Youngdoo Kim, Cristian Lasagna-Reeves, Jun Young Sonn, Dah-Eun Chloe Chung, Bradley Hyman, David M Holtzman, Huda Yahya Zoghbi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Alzheimer's disease is one of at least 26 diseases characterized by tau-positive accumulation in neurons, glia or both. However, it is still unclear what modifications cause soluble tau to transform into insoluble aggregates. We previously performed genetic screens that identified tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) as a candidate regulator of tau levels. Here we verified this finding and found that TYK2 phosphorylates tau at tyrosine 29 (Tyr29) leading to its stabilization and promoting its aggregation in human cells. We discovered that TYK2-mediated Tyr29 phosphorylation interferes with autophagic clearance of tau. We also show that TYK2-mediated phosphorylation of Tyr29 facilitates pathological tau …

Cadasil: A Notch3-Associated Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Hao Deng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), pathologically characterized by a non-atherosclerotic and non-amyloid diffuse angiopathy primarily involving small to medium-sized penetrating arteries and leptomeningeal arteries. In 1996, mutation in the notch receptor 3 gene (NOTCH3) was identified as the cause of CADASIL. However, since that time other genetic CSVDs have been described, including the HtrA serine peptidase 1 gene-associated CSVD and the cathepsin A gene-associated CSVD, that clinically mimic the original phenotype. Though NOTCH3-associated CSVD is now a well-recognized hereditary disorder and the number of …

A Comprehensive Perspective On Intracranial Pressure Monitoring And Individualized Management In Neurocritical Care: Results Of A Survey With Global Experts, Andrés Mariano Rubiano, Davi Solla, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Chiara Robba, Frank Rasulo, Marcel Aries, Peter Smielewski, Geert Meyfroidt, Denise Battaglini, Mohammad I Hirzallah, Robson Amorim, Gisele Sampaio, Fabiano Moulin, Cristian Deana, Edoardo Picetti, Angelos Kolias, Peter Hutchinson, Gregory W Hawryluk, Marek Czosnyka, Ronney B Panerai, Lori A Shutter, Soojin Park, Carla Rynkowski, Jorge Paranhos, Thiago H S Silva, Luiz M S Malbouisson, Wellingson S Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Numerous trials have addressed intracranial pressure (ICP) management in neurocritical care. However, identifying its harmful thresholds and controlling ICP remain challenging in terms of improving outcomes. Evidence suggests that an individualized approach is necessary for establishing tolerance limits for ICP, incorporating factors such as ICP waveform (ICPW) or pulse morphology along with additional data provided by other invasive (e.g., brain oximetry) and noninvasive monitoring (NIM) methods (e.g., transcranial Doppler, optic nerve sheath diameter ultrasound, and pupillometry). This study aims to assess current ICP monitoring practices among experienced clinicians and explore whether guidelines should incorporate ancillary parameters from NIM and …