Digital Commons Network^™

Safety Outcomes Of Antiplatelet Therapy During Endovascular Treatment Of Tandem Lesions In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients, Mudassir Farooqui, Afshin A Divani, Milagros Galecio-Castillo, Ameer E Hassan, Mouhammad A Jumaa, Marc Ribo, Michael Abraham, Nils Petersen, Johanna Fifi, Waldo R Guerrero, Amer M Malik, James E Siegler, Thanh N Nguyen, Sunil A Sheth, Albert J Yoo, Guillermo Linares, Nazli Janjua, Darko Quispe-Orozco, Asad Ikram, Wondewossen G Tekle, Syed F Zaidi, Cynthia B Zevallos, Federica Rizzo, Tiffany Barkley, Reade De Leacy, Jane Khalife, Mohamad Abdalkader, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Jazba Soomro, Weston Gordon, Aaron Rodriguez-Calienes, Juan Vivanco-Suarez, Charoskhon Turabova, Maxim Mokin, Dileep R Yavagal, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Risk of hemorrhage remains with antiplatelet medications required with carotid stenting during endovascular therapy (EVT) for tandem lesion (TLs). We evaluated the safety of antiplatelet regimens in EVT of TLs. This multicenter study included anterior circulation TL patients from 2015 to 2020, stratified by periprocedural EVT antiplatelet strategy: (1) no antiplatelets, (2) single oral, (3) dual oral, and (4) intravenous IV (in combination with single or dual oral). Primary outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Secondary outcomes were any hemorrhage, favorable functional status (mRS 0-2) at 90 days, successful reperfusion (mTICI score ≥ 2b), in-stent thrombosis, and mortality at 90 …

Prediction Of Hepatitis C Virus Perinatal Transmission In Pregnant Individuals With Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Grecio J Sandoval, George R Saade, Brenna L Hughes, Rebecca G Clifton, Uma M Reddy, Anna Bartholomew, Ashley Salazar, Edward K Chien, Alan T N Tita, John M Thorp, Torri D Metz, Ronald J Wapner, Vishakha Sabharwal, Hyagriv N Simhan, Geeta K Swamy, Kent D Heyborne, Baha M Sibai, William A Grobman, Yasser Y El-Sayed, Brian M Casey, Samuel Parry, George A Macones, Mona Prasad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Our objective was to develop a prediction model for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection perinatal transmission to improve triage for neonatal follow-up. This was a secondary analysis of HCV antibody-positive participants who were enrolled in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network multicenter observational study of HCV infection in pregnancy. Among 432 participants, the perinatal transmission rate was 6.0% (95% CI, 4.0-8.7%). The prediction model was developed and included two factors: maternal HCV RNA titer greater than 10 6 international units/mL and having had any antepartum bleeding. Using this model, the …

Pulmonary Disease Caused By Mycobacterium Marseillense In Colombia, Darío Sebastián López-Delgado, Gabriel Alonso Rodríguez-Caicedo, Diego Fernando Taramuel-Gómez, Peter Houck, Martha Isabel Murcia-Aranguren, Roberto C Arduino, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Whole-Body Hypothermia For Neonatal Encephalopathy In Preterm Infants 33 To 35 Weeks' Gestation: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Roger G Faix, Abbot R Laptook, Seetha Shankaran, Barry Eggleston, Dhuly Chowdhury, Roy J Heyne, Abhik Das, Claudia Pedroza, Jon E Tyson, Courtney Wusthoff, Sonia L Bonifacio, Pablo J Sánchez, Bradley A Yoder, Matthew M Laughon, Diana M Vasil, Krisa P Van Meurs, Margaret M Crawford, Rosemary D Higgins, Brenda B Poindexter, Tarah T Colaizy, Shannon E G Hamrick, Lina F Chalak, Robin K Ohls, Michele E Hartley-Mcandrew, Kevin Dysart, Carl T D'Angio, Ronnie Guillet, Stephen D Kicklighter, Waldemar A Carlo, Gregory M Sokol, Sara B Demauro, Anna Maria Hibbs, C Michael Cotten, Stephanie L Merhar, Roopali V Bapat, Heidi M Harmon, Elizabeth Sewell, Sarah Winter, Girija Natarajan, Ricardo Mosquera, Susan R Hintz, Nathalie L Maitre, Kristen L Benninger, Myriam Peralta-Carcelen, Abbey C Hines, Andrea F Duncan, Deanne E Wilson-Costello, Andrea Trembath, William F Malcolm, Michele C Walsh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Hypothermia begun less than 6 hours after birth reduces death or disability in infants with encephalopathy due to hypoxia-ischemia at 36 or more weeks' gestation. Trials of hypothermia for infants younger than 36 weeks' gestation are lacking.

Objective: To assess the probability that hypothermia at less than 6 hours after birth decreases death or disability in infants 33 to 35 weeks' gestation with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Design, setting, and participants: This randomized clinical trial was conducted between July 2015 and December 2022 for infants 33 to 35 weeks' gestation with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy at less …

Changes In Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management And Outcomes In Infants Born At 26-28 Weeks' Gestation, Dinushan C Kaluarachchi, Matthew A Rysavy, Barbara T Do, Valerie Y Chock, Matthew M Laughon, Carl H Backes, Tarah T Colaizy, Edward F Bell, Patrick J Mcnamara

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To investigate the association between the secular decrease in treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and trends in neonatal mortality and morbidity in infants born at 26 0/7-28 6/7 weeks' gestation.

Study design: A retrospective cohort study including infants born between 2012 and 2021 in continually participating hospitals in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. The primary composite outcome was defined as surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, grade 2-3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe intraventricular hemorrhage, or death. Relationships of temporal trends in PDA treatment with the primary composite outcome and its components were analyzed using …

Nichd Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Score In Term Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Clinical Trial, Seetha Shankaran, Abbot R Laptook, Carolina Guimaraes, Johnathan Murnick, Scott A Mcdonald, Abhik Das, Carolyn M Petrie Huitema, Athina Pappas, Rosemary D Higgins, Susan R Hintz, Kristin M Zaterka-Baxter, Krisa P Van Meurs, Gregory M Sokol, Lina F Chalak, Tarah T Colaizy, Uday Devaskar, Jon E Tyson, Anne Marie Reynolds, Sara B Demauro, Pablo J Sánchez, Matthew M Laughon, Waldemar A Carlo, Kristi Watterberg, Karen M Puopolo, Anna Maria Hibbs, Shannon E G Hamrick, C Michael Cotten, John Barks, Brenda B Poindexter, William E Truog, Carl T D'Angio

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: The neonatal brain injury score on magnetic resonance imaging following moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy developed by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network has been revised to separate watershed and basal ganglia or thalamic injury and their associated outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the association of the injury score with outcomes of death or moderate or severe disability among all infants, and with neurodevelopment among survivors in a trial of deeper and longer cooling.

Design, setting, and participants: In this secondary analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial, brain imaging was obtained from infants …

A Survey On Unauthorized Uav Threats To Smart Farming, Peng Chen, Shihao Yan, Helge Janicke, Arash Mahboubi, Hang Thanh Bui, Hamed Aboutorab, Michael Bewong, Rafiqul Islam

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in smart farming has revolutionized agricultural practices by enhancing monitoring, automation, and decision-making to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability. However, the widespread use of these technologies has also introduced new security challenges, particularly the risk of interference from unauthorized UAVs. This survey provides an analysis of the threats posed by unauthorized UAVs to smart farms, highlighting potential vulnerabilities such as data interception, communication jamming, and physical damage. This paper first explores recent advancements in IoT and UAV technologies, which are integral to the functioning of smart farms. Then, …

Codesigning Training For Health Providers To Improve Detection And Response To Elder Abuse, Bianca Brijnath, Marina G. Cavuoto, Peter Feldman, Briony Dow, Josefine Antoniades, Joan Ostaszkiewicz, Sigrid Nakrem, Catriona Stevens, Patricia Reyes, Gianna Renshaw, Micah D.J. Peters, Andrew Gilbert, Elizabeth Manias, Duncan Mortimer, Joanne Enticott, Claudia Cooper, Cheryl Durston, Brenda Appleton, Meghan O'Brien, Marion Eckert, Simona Markusevska

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Objectives: Screening for elder abuse can improve detection, but many health providers lack the necessary skills and confidence. To address this, training for health providers on elder abuse screening was codesigned as part of a trial aimed at improving elder abuse detection and response. Research Design and Methods: Between March and April 2023, 7 health providers and 10 older people and family carers participated in 2 national Australian online codesign workshops. Using the World Café method, discussions focused on what knowledge and skills health providers needed for screening; clinical and social issues affecting screening and referral; and support …

Haemato-Urological Profile And Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection In Ghanaian Steady-State Sickle Cell Disease Patients: A Case-Control Study, Stephen Twumasi, Richard Owusu Ansah, Samuel Essien-Baidoo, Laud Anthony W. Basing, Alexander Yaw Debrah, Enoch Odame Anto, Allwell Adofo Ayirebi, Rebecca Asiamah-Broni, Waldemer Attivor, Eric Twum Ameyaw, Gabriel Addai Manu, Edward Afriyie, Thomas Kwabena Gyampomah, Joseph Nkrumah Opoku, Prince Kwadwo Amoafo, Samuel Kelvin Owusu, Vincent Akwai, Matthew Talmang, Amos Mensah, Isaac Kusi-Amponsah, Angela Opoku, Lilian Antwi Boateng

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Aims: Due to the reduction in immunity caused by auto-splenectomy and the consequent opsonic antibody shortage, patients with SCD are more susceptible to encapsulated organism infections, especially asymptomatic urinary tract infection (ASM-UTI). This study investigated the prevalence of ASM-UTI and compared urine and hematology parameters among SCD patients in Ghana to their healthy counterparts. Methods: In this study, 104 SCD participants (cases) and 80 non-SCD (HbAA) controls were recruited. Participants' information was thoroughly documented using a well-structured questionnaire and patient case records. To achieve the study's aims, a mid-stream urine in a cleaned dry aseptic urine capped container …

I Really Try To Model Good Practices: Reflecting On Journal Article Publication From Mid-Career, Margaret K. Merga, Shannon Mason, Julia Morris

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Publishing research in scholarly journals takes up much time and energy for many academics, and the early career phase may be particularly challenging, as researchers navigate the processes and politics of academic publishing for the first time. We previously explored these challenges as early-career researchers in a collaborative autoethnographic study in 2018. Now, 6 years later, we have once again reflected on our shared and divergent experiences, this time from our positions as mid-career researchers, socialised into the world of scholarly publishing and with longer histories of success and failure in scholarly publication. Our critical discussions revealed a continued commitment …

Early Childhood Educator Preparation, Exposure, And Perspectives Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Preschool Hispanic Populations, Karla C. Vidaurri, Ruth Crutchfield, Jessica R. Stewart

Communication Sciences & Disorders Faculty Publications

Purpose: With an increase in prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the Hispanic population, there is a crucial demand for early identification and servicing of individuals with ASD. Early childhood educators are one profession in the position to identify and provide services to individuals with ASD at an early age. The aim of this study was to explore early educators’ preparation, exposure, and perspectives of ASD specific to preschool Hispanic populations.

Method: A survey methodology was implemented to explore early childhood educators’ preparation, exposure, and perspectives of ASD. The anonymous survey consisted of 23 questions and statements that explored …

A Practical Guide To Uav-Based Weed Identification In Soybean: Comparing Rgb And Multispectral Sensor Performance, Kelvin Betitame, Cannayen Igathinathane, Kirk Howatt, Joseph Mettler, Cengiz Koparan, Xin Sun

Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Precision agriculture relies heavily on accurate, efficient, and economical methods to distinguish between crops and weeds of various types. The advancement of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies provides practical approaches for generating land-cover maps that are essential for monitoring and managing crop fields affected by various weeds. Although the overall cost of scouting crop fields with UAVs may be low and practical, it varies depending on the sensors used; and the existing studies have mainly focused on weed detection methods but not compared the sensors' performance. Therefore, to address this knowledge gap, this research aims to compare a UAV-mounted visual …

Covid-19 And Investors' Trading Behavior: Evidence From The New Zealand Equity Market, Finn West Wilkinson, Marinela Adriana Finta, Olena Onishchenko

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This paper examines the trading behavior of retail and institutional investors during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. Using transaction-level data, it compares how retail and institutional investors trade over the government announcements, lockdown, and reopening periods. Retail and institutional investors' trading intensifies around government announcements, which facilitates attenuating illiquidity during the lockdown. Nevertheless, while retail trading is substantially more prominent during the lockdown than over the control and reopening periods, institutional investors do not trade significantly more per se or on announcements during the lockdown but trade less during the reopening. Their trading also relates to contemporaneous returns, and …

Digitizing Pre-1978 Dissertations At Binghamton University Libraries, Erin Rushton, Caitlin Holton, Jamey Mcdermott

Library Scholarship

In 2023, Binghamton University Libraries initiated a project to digitize its pre-1978 dissertations and make them available in its institutional repository. This Communication on Practice provides an overview of the key decisions made before embarking on the project, the workflow, and the challenges encountered. We drew upon the experiences and lessons learned from other institutions to guide our process, and hope this paper will serve as a resource for those considering similar projects at their institutions.

Design And Characterization Of Radiation-Hardened Gaas Hbt-Based Optical Transceivers, Collin Burt

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Optical transceivers are desirable for their galvanic isolation and natural immunity to electromagnetic interference compared with direct electrical connections. This is true in normal operating environments as well as radiation environments. This work realizes and characterizes GaAs HBT-based optical transceivers across temperature and a range of radiation environments including high dose rate, total ionizing dose, neutron, and heavy ion. The transceiver designs are discussed and specific environmental design considerations are highlighted. Final results for each environment are provided and compared with existing transceivers.

Experimental Investigation Of External Flow Condensation Heat Transfer In Horizontal Tube-In-Tube Configuration, Jiayuan Li, Jayachandran K. Narayanan, Chirag R. Kharangate

Faculty Scholarship

Flow condensation is an important process used to achieve heat rejection across thermal power and energy systems. Studies on tube condensation have concentrated on the condensing fluid flowing in the inner tube. However, common heat exchanger configurations like the shell-and-tube types see the condensing fluid on the outer surface of the tubes. To address this gap, in this study, we investigate the local and channel-averaged heat transfer characteristics of flow condensation happening on the exterior of a horizontal tube in the tube-in-tube configuration. An external flow condensation module is developed and tested to obtain heat transfer and flow visualization data, …

Redefining Cancer Photodynamic Therapy With Gold Nanoparticles, Zoey A. Lockwood, Michael R. Jirousek, James P. Basilion, Clemens Burda

Faculty Scholarship

Despite advancements made in treatment options, cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained attention as a minimally invasive and highly selective treatment option for cancer. However, challenges due to the hydrophobicity of photosensitizers and their poor tumor selectivity have limited their use in cancer therapy. Recent developments in nanotechnology, particularly the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), help overcome these challenges. AuNPs provide a stable and biocompatible platform to deliver photosensitizers, improving their solubility, stability, and ability to target tumors while reducing side effects. Functionalized AuNPs take advantage of mechanisms like …

Development Of A Self-Management Tool For Individuals With Seizure Clusters: Trial Design And Methodological Report, Molly Mcvoy, Eytan Hirsch, Luisa Londono, Kari Colón-Zimmermann, Jin Seok Cho, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Background: Despite advances in anti-seizure medications (ASMs) for people with epilepsy (PWE), adverse outcomes, negative health events (NHEs), and breakthrough seizures remain common. Rescue medication (RM) can better manage repetitive seizures, but barriers to RM use persist. Self-management for PWE and a history of NHEs (SMART) is an evidence-based epilepsy self-management program aimed at reducing barriers and maximizing facilitators to self-care in high-risk PWE. Methods: This 2-phase, ongoing clinical trial adapts SMART to integrate RM support for PWE with repetitive seizures. Phase 1, now completed, used input from an advisory board (AB) of PWE, caregivers, and clinicians to adapt the …

Media Quiteracy: Why Digital Disconnection Belongs In The Media Literacy Curriculum, Katie Day Good

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

In this essay, we introduce media quiteracy, which we use to conceptualize and describe the valuable learning that can happen through the refusal to take up new media or the act of pausing or ceasing its use. We see media quiteracy as an active and generative approach to learning and argue for its inclusion in the media literacy curriculum. We trace the history of critical engagement with technologies within education and then articulate what media quiteracy can look like in practice. We surface and discuss three potential obstacles to teaching media quiteracy, which include the ways in which it problematizes …

Analyzing Social Media Trends In Cosmeceuticals: Insights From Google Trends And Tiktok Analytics, E. Correia, Jenna Mandel, Stephanie R. Jackson Cullison

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Social media usage has surged, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. Dermatology invokes intense interest on social media, and cosmeceuticals are among the most trending topics, offering a unique space for dermatologists to share their expertise. By using tools like Google Trends and TikTok viewership, we aim to capture cosmeceutical trends to guide dermatologists' educational efforts.

METHODS: A Google Trends search from January 2004 to December 2023 was performed on retinol, bakuchiol, salicylic acid, glycolic acid, azelaic acid, hydroquinone, niacinamide, vitamin C serum, and hyaluronic acid. Trend lines were created for each term, and yearly percent differences in relative search …

Resilience: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study Examining The Lived Experiences Of Resilience In Charter Schoolteachers, Shayla M. Johnson

Education Doctoral

Concerns about teacher attrition, retention, stress, and burnout are persistent and troublesome in educational settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of charter schoolteachers’ resilience and its association with longevity in teaching. This study found that teachers attribute their resilience to personal and professional relationships and supportive leadership, all grounded in their personal core values and commitment to student success. Adjusting teaching methods, utilizing self-care practices, and advocating for needed resources help charter schoolteachers adapt to challenges and maintain a sense of control and self-efficacy. A new model, resilience-informed support and empowerment twice in teaching …

Right-Sizing The Smart City In Southeast Asia, Prerona Das, Orlando Woods, Lily Kong

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

The idea of right-sizing, or the process of adjusting the size of a city to maximise the efficient use of resources, has traditionally been used in strategic management and the resizing of shrinking cities to promote efficient urban development. Concurrently, in contemporary discourse, the sizing of smart cities has emerged as a critical topic, as size impacts the implementation of smart initiatives. Smaller cities offer the advantage of serving as cost- effective testing grounds for innovative solutions; however, they also need to be sizeable enough to attract private investments and build a robust smart city ecosystem. In this paper we …

Integrating Cultural Competence And Humility Into Occupational Therapy Doctoral Student Education, Jade Nguyen

Capstone Projects

Background: As minority populations in the United States continue to rise, occupational therapy (OT) personnel must be equipped with the necessary skills to provide culturally responsive care to clients from diverse backgrounds. However, OT programs nationwide are lagging behind in delivering adequate cultural training to their students.

Purpose: The project aimed to develop an instructional module for promoting cultural competence and humility among OT students.

Method: The DCE involved three months of in-depth research and collaboration with diverse cultural advisors, including African American, Asian American, Hispanic and/or Latino American, and Muslim representatives, to develop a teaching module. The instructional module …

Enhancing Confidence And Co-Regulation: The Integration Of A Virtual Support Program For Caregivers Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Braeleigh Mccoy

Capstone Projects

Caregivers can play a role in cultivating and developing emotional regulation skills through co-regulation. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can experience higher levels of emotional difficulties than typically developing children. These emotional difficulties can significantly impact a child’s quality of life (QOL) and the well-being of their families. Caregiver’s response to these emotional difficulties can guide them back to a regulated state and increase participation in functional activities. Occupational Therapy (OT) works at providing techniques, educational material, resources, and collaboration with caregivers to promote emotional literacy and connection. Previous research has highlighted the importance of co-regulation between caregivers and …

Improving Timely Administration Of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Within A Medical Surgical Unit, Valerie Escamilla

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolisms are a highly preventable condition. Despite the availability of multiple evidence-based guidelines, there continues to be suboptimal use of timely venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. The purpose of this doctoral nursing quality improvement project was to determine if the implementation of an Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Hospital-Associated Venous Thromboembolism Prevention Guideline would impact the rate of timely administration of venous thromboembolism prophylaxis as compared to current practice in hospitalized adult patients admitted to a medical-surgical unit over 4 weeks. The organization measures the rate of timely administration of prophylaxis by monitoring the VTE-1 metric. All medical-surgical units …

Impact Of A Transplant Nurse Navigator In The Dialysis Setting, Judith D. Pozzerle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Patients with kidney disease have better patient outcomes and quality of life with a kidney transplant. However, the transplant process is complicated with inherent inequalities and biases and patients frequently fail to initiate a referral for transplant evaluation. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid have now placed financial incentives to improve the number of patients transplanted. The only way to increase the number of patients transplanted is to start with a referral for evaluation. Studies have been done highlighting the barriers, but there is a lack of studies implementing strategies to improve these numbers. Utilizing Kotter’s change theory and describing …

Dps: Design Pattern Summarisation Using Code Features, Najam Nazar, Sameer Sikka, Christoph Treude

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Automatic summarisation has been used efficiently in recent years to condense texts, conversations, audio, code, and various other artefacts. A range of methods, from simple template-based summaries to complex machine learning techniques -- and more recently, large language models -- have been employed to generate these summaries. Summarising software design patterns is important because it helps developers quickly understand and reuse complex design concepts, thereby improving software maintainability and development efficiency. However, the generation of summaries for software design patterns has not yet been explored.Our approach utilises code features and JavaParser to parse the code and create a JSON representation. …

Enhancing Llm-Based Coding Tools Through Native Integration Of Ide-Derived Static Context, Yichen Li, Yun Peng, Yintong Huo, R. Michael Lyu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in code completion, as evidenced by their essential roles in developing code assistant services such as Copilot. Being trained on in-file contexts, current LLMs are quite effective in completing code for single source files. However, it is challenging for them to conduct repository-level code completion for large software projects that require cross-file information. Existing research on LLM-based repository-level code completion identifies and integrates cross-file contexts, but it suffers from low accuracy and limited context length of LLMs. In this paper, we argue that Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) can provide direct, accurate and …

Semantic Loss-Guided Data-Efficient Supervised Fine-Tuning For Safe Responses In Llms, Yuxiao Lu, Pradeep Varakantham, Pradeep Varakantham

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Large Language Models (LLMs) generating unsafe responses to toxic prompts is a significant issue in their applications. While various efforts aim to address this safety concern, previous approaches often demand substantial human data collection or rely on the less dependable option of using another LLM to generate corrective data. In this paper, we aim to take this problem and overcome limitations of requiring significant high-quality human data. Our method requires only a small set of unsafe responses to toxic prompts, easily obtained from the unsafe LLM itself. By employing a semantic cost combined with a negative Earth Mover Distance (EMD) …

2025 April, Morehead State University. Office Of Communications & Marketing.

Morehead State Press Release Archive, 1961 to the Present

Press releases for April of 2025.