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Defense Of Indigents In Maine: The Need For Public Defenders, Peter Avery Anderson May 2025

Defense Of Indigents In Maine: The Need For Public Defenders, Peter Avery Anderson

Maine Law Review

During the past ten years the United States Supreme Court has engineered a major reworking of criminal procedure through judicial review. In no area of criminal procedure has the overhaul been so drastic as in the right to court appointed counsel. From a time when court appointment of counsel was virtually nonexistent, the right has been expanded to the extent that counsel is now available in nearly all cases and stages of the proceedings. This rapid growth of the right to counsel has placed an understandable strain on state and federal judicial systems. Various means of coping with the demands …

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Data Science Job Salary Prediction Using Linear Regression, Dipok Deb May 2025

Data Science Job Salary Prediction Using Linear Regression, Dipok Deb

Data Science and Data Mining

In the evolving landscape of data science, accurate salary prediction plays a crucial role in shaping career expectations, informing educational strategies, and guiding organizational hiring decisions. This study investigates the key factors influencing entry-level data science salaries in the United States by applying a multiple linear regression model to a recent dataset spanning from 2020 to 2024. Through data preprocessing, transformation, and diagnostic evaluation, we identify how job roles, experience levels, employment types, work arrangements, residency status, and company size impact compensation. Despite challenges such as outliers, heteroscedasticity, and non-normal residuals, model refinements like the Box-Cox transformation and variable selection …

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Nigeria's Federalism And The Threat Of Secession: The Case Of The Ipob, Emmanuel Oladipo Ojo, Osadola Oluwaseun Samuel May 2025

Nigeria's Federalism And The Threat Of Secession: The Case Of The Ipob, Emmanuel Oladipo Ojo, Osadola Oluwaseun Samuel

Journal of African Policy Studies

Since 2015, there has been renewed agitation for the creation of the Republic of Biafra. This article focuses on one of the two organizations involved in that struggle: The Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB, the second being the Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra, MASSOB). The Federation of Nigeria, inaugurated on 1 October 1954 under the Lyttelton Constitution, which became operational on that date, has been assailed by a plethora of centrifugal pulls and secession threats since 1950. While many of these threats were resolved politically and at round tables, a few had involved armed confrontation …

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Methodological Analysis Of The Guinea Bissau Nationalist Movement 1963-1974: Amilcar Cabral-Marxist Or Pragmatist Revolutionary?, Aliou Ly May 2025

Methodological Analysis Of The Guinea Bissau Nationalist Movement 1963-1974: Amilcar Cabral-Marxist Or Pragmatist Revolutionary?, Aliou Ly

Journal of African Policy Studies

On 24 September 1973, the former Portuguese colony of West Africa, Guinea Bissau, under the leadership of Amilcar Cabral and the PAIGC (African Party for the Independence of Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands), declared its independence after fighting a national liberation war against their Portuguese colonialists. This was the first and the only war for independence in West Africa, with the complete defeat of a European colonial army. During and after the Guinea Bissau Liberation war; 1963-1974, many social scientists, particularly those using the Marxist framework analyzed this African nationalist struggle as a successful Marxist revolution in West Africa. …

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Toward The Wired Society: Prospects, Problems, And Proposals For A National Policy On Cable Technology, Gary H. Gerlach May 2025

Toward The Wired Society: Prospects, Problems, And Proposals For A National Policy On Cable Technology, Gary H. Gerlach

Maine Law Review

The city is already encroaching on the countryside in a modest cultural sense. Today many remote New England villages receive more channels of New York City television, and receive them more clearly, than do most residents of the five boroughs of the great city. This anomaly is because of a relatively new and still evolving technology, popularly called cable television. This article primarily addresses the broad problems now confronting the American people on how to devise wise national policies that will put this technology of the new communications to its best uses for the most people. In short, how is …

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Compensating Victims Of Crime: Individual Responsibility And Governmental Compensation Plans, Maine Law Review May 2025

Compensating Victims Of Crime: Individual Responsibility And Governmental Compensation Plans, Maine Law Review

Maine Law Review

During the last decade, legal scholars, criminologists, and sociologists have extensively discussed proposals for the compensation of injured victims of crime. The scholarly debate will, in all likelihood, soon come to fruition in the form of comprehensive federal legislation designed to provide an orderly and uniform governmental remedy for persons suffering losses as a result of criminally inflicted personal injury. The years following the widespread adoption of compensation programs will be crucial in the development of an effective and therapeutic system of criminal justice. As criminal sanctions are directed more toward reformation than punishment, and as compensation to victims is …

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Reproductive And Sexual Autonomy In Hillary Jordan’S When She Woke, U. H. Ruhina Jesmin May 2025

Reproductive And Sexual Autonomy In Hillary Jordan’S When She Woke, U. H. Ruhina Jesmin

Journal of International Women's Studies

This paper uses the content analysis method and theory of reproductive politics to explore how state-sponsored reproductive policy criminalizes reproductive rights and erodes sexual autonomy in Hillary Jordan’s 2011 dystopian novel When She Woke. The novel depicts a future world in which abortion is criminalized and a genetic technology called “melachroming” is used by the federal government to violate the human rights of the main character, Hannah Payne. The fundamentalist interpretations of religion, coupled with political agenda and public policy, equate abortion with genocide, thus criminalizing the act and punishing women with a genetic alternation of skin color. These …

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How Did Women In India Fare During The Covid-19 Pandemic? A Study Of Work-Life Balance, Bigi Thomas May 2025

How Did Women In India Fare During The Covid-19 Pandemic? A Study Of Work-Life Balance, Bigi Thomas

Journal of International Women's Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted women globally, resulting in numerous work-life balance (WLB) challenges. The intersection of paid employment and familial obligations inside the household has compelled Indian women to assume many tasks. Married women encounter heightened stress due to the specific gender roles that society imposes upon them within a patriarchal sociocultural context; these gender roles were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, hindering Indian women in their management of domestic duties and reconciliation of personal and professional disputes. The pandemic’s fusion of professional and familial domains disrupted Indian women’s transition between home and work environments, leading to indistinct …

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Setting The Record Straight: Recording The Global Contribution To Education Research Of Panamanian Scholar Etilvia Arjona Chang, Nanette Archer Svenson May 2025

Setting The Record Straight: Recording The Global Contribution To Education Research Of Panamanian Scholar Etilvia Arjona Chang, Nanette Archer Svenson

Journal of International Women's Studies

As documented extensively, the academic publications and accomplishments of women scholars—particularly those from developing regions—are underrepresented in global and national literature, databases, and indices. This feminist biographical case study explores and makes visible the life and work of Panamanian Dr. Etilvia Arjona Chang and her global contribution to education research. This article describes her earlier decades devoted to expanding and modernizing the translation and interpretation (T&I) discipline worldwide. It also examines her development of Panama’s first education research programs in later decades of her career and how her previous T&I experience provided the foundation for present-day Panamanian education research. This …

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Women’S Stories Of/In Athens, Greece: Reflections For Future Cities, Christina Marouli May 2025

Women’S Stories Of/In Athens, Greece: Reflections For Future Cities, Christina Marouli

Journal of International Women's Studies

In a continuously urbanizing world, developing cities that support a good and full life for women—an issue with implications for families and communities at large—should be a concern in the planning of human settlements. This is particularly important for the transition to sustainable cities, which is a priority in most contemporary societies. This study focuses on women’s everyday lives in Athens, Greece, particularly the suburb of Nea Smyrni. It builds on the stories of five women shared through in-depth interviews that were conducted between spring 2023 and winter 2024. These stories have been selected because they represent women of diverse …

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Controlling Women’S Sexuality: The Rise Of Emotional Abuse Among Indian Husbands, Puranjay K. Vedi May 2025

Controlling Women’S Sexuality: The Rise Of Emotional Abuse Among Indian Husbands, Puranjay K. Vedi

Journal of International Women's Studies

In ancient Hindu literature, marriage is regarded as the most sacred institution while adultery—known as vyabhichāra (व्यभिचार) in Hindi—is considered one of the gravest sins. Ancient practices still have impact in 21st-century India, where internal household sanctions meant to ensure Indian wives’ chastity continue to be seen as sacred. This study describes six different types of Husband’s Controlling Behavior (HCB) that are used to preserve wives’ chastity. HCB can either take the form of emotional violence (accusing/suspecting a wife of being unfaithful) or physical violence (hitting or beating a wife out of a suspicion she is being unfaithful). This study …

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Sylvia J. Wynter’S Concept Of The Over-Representation Of Man And Its Relevance To Gender And Global Development In The 21st Century, Tina Renier May 2025

Sylvia J. Wynter’S Concept Of The Over-Representation Of Man And Its Relevance To Gender And Global Development In The 21st Century, Tina Renier

Journal of International Women's Studies

This essay critically examines Sylvia J. Wynter’s (2003) concept of the “overrepresentation of Man” (p. 263) and its profound implications for gender and global development in the 21st century. I examine Wynter’s critique of “Man” as the universal subject of knowledge and power through a Caribbean-transnational, decolonial, and intersectional feminist lens. My reflection challenges the historical reduction of the human experience to a singular, patriarchal notion and highlights the voices and contributions of previously excluded marginalized voices and women scholar-activists. In the context of global development, the overrepresentation of Man undergirds the continued dominance of Western, patriarchal ideologies that shape …

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The Representation Of Women Politicians In Pakistani English-Language Newspapers, Awais Rubbani, Sharifah N. H. Alkaff May 2025

The Representation Of Women Politicians In Pakistani English-Language Newspapers, Awais Rubbani, Sharifah N. H. Alkaff

Journal of International Women's Studies

Gender representation, in terms of both narratives and images of women in the public sphere, is an indicator of gender equality in a society. In particular, mass media plays a significant role in shaping the perceptions of the public towards women. Our present study aims to investigate the representation of women politicians in two Pakistani English-language newspapers in 2012, 2017, and 2022: Dawn and The Nation. With the rise of quotas reserved for women in both the National and Provincial Assemblies in Pakistan, our study hopes to analyze how often and in which news genre that women politicians are …

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Bama’S Sangati: A Collective Resistance To Oppression And Attitudinal Ambivalence Towards Dalit Women, Sarani Ghosal Mondal May 2025

Bama’S Sangati: A Collective Resistance To Oppression And Attitudinal Ambivalence Towards Dalit Women, Sarani Ghosal Mondal

Journal of International Women's Studies

Originally published in Tamil in 1994 and translated into English by Lakshmi Holmström in 2005, Bama’s[1] Sangati: Events is a collection of life narratives from Dalit women of the Paraiya community in Tamilnadu, South India. Each narrative depicts an event of exploitation from the perspective of an adolescent girl, Sevathi. Her myriad questions to her grandma uncover Dalit problems in India. These agonized questions relating to injustice, caste-based discrimination, and violence mirror Dalit women’s vulnerability in Indian society. This study analyzes the narratives of strife, anger, and forced negotiation in a caste/class-ridden patriarchal society. Premised on gender-caste-class dynamics, …

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Sociocultural Impediments To The Economic Empowerment Of Women: An Analysis Of The Toy Industry In Etikoppaka, Balireddy M. N. Teja, Moksha Singh May 2025

Sociocultural Impediments To The Economic Empowerment Of Women: An Analysis Of The Toy Industry In Etikoppaka, Balireddy M. N. Teja, Moksha Singh

Journal of International Women's Studies

Research indicates that women’s involvement in income generation does not always result in gender equality or empowerment. With this understanding in mind, this qualitative study delves into the socioeconomic changes created by the highly regarded toy industry in Etikoppaka village in India, which predominantly relies on women’s labor. Exploratory research was designed to gather information from forty primary respondents who are women actively employed in the industry. We applied Hakim’s preference theory and Malhotra’s model of empowerment to construct comparison criteria for theoretical underpinning. The study’s outcomes reveal that a significant number of women in the village are employed in …

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Rewriting Histories: The Experiences Of Pioneering Egyptian Women Architects In The Socio-Political Context Of The Nasser Era, Mai M. Aboul-Dahab, Yasser M. Moustafa, Yasser M. Mansour May 2025

Rewriting Histories: The Experiences Of Pioneering Egyptian Women Architects In The Socio-Political Context Of The Nasser Era, Mai M. Aboul-Dahab, Yasser M. Moustafa, Yasser M. Mansour

Journal of International Women's Studies

The history of modern architecture has particularly emphasized the roles of male architects with little mention of women architects. Since women’s contributions have often been overlooked, feminist scholars worldwide have aimed to showcase women’s history in the architectural profession over the past several years. However, there is still a lack of scholarship on the historical experiences and contributions of women architects in the Middle East, particularly Egypt. This research aims to address this gap in historiography by focusing on the first women architects in Egypt during the Nasser era. As such, the study utilizes archival sources and examines various architecture …

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Change-Makers: Women’S Studies Scholar-Activism Across The Disciplines (10th World Conference On Women’S Studies), Sarani Ghosal Mondal, Naresh Prajapati, Tina Renier May 2025

Change-Makers: Women’S Studies Scholar-Activism Across The Disciplines (10th World Conference On Women’S Studies), Sarani Ghosal Mondal, Naresh Prajapati, Tina Renier

Journal of International Women's Studies

No abstract provided.

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Volume 6 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher May 2025

Volume 6 Complete Issue, James W. Gallagher

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 6 Complete Issue

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The American Southwest', Lewis I. Deitch, David W. Lantis May 2025

The American Southwest', Lewis I. Deitch, David W. Lantis

The Geographical Bulletin

Nearly everyone seems to agree that there is a Southwest. But its location differs considerably according to the authority cited.2 Few would seem to agree that the collegiate athletic conference of that name is in the Southwest at all. " Our" Southwest (see map) is a dry land where there has been a blending of Indian, Hispanic, and Anglo cultures. Hence it extends from the eastern face of the Peninsular Ranges (in southern California) to the Great Plains. It stretches northward from the Mexican border-but how far? In the northeastern quadrant physiography is important-the Southwest abuts against the Southern Rocky …

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2025 Persimmon Creek - Full Journal, Beth Keefauver, Wayne C. Robbins May 2025

2025 Persimmon Creek - Full Journal, Beth Keefauver, Wayne C. Robbins

Persimmon Creek

Persimmon Creek runs through the Susan B. Jacobs Arboretum, an oasis of nature in the center of our dynamic and thriving campus community at the University of South Carolina Upstate. My colleague Wayne Robbins and I were recently tasked with bringing back the student-edited literary journal formerly known as Writer’s Inc. Dr. Marilyn Knight stood at the helm of Writer’s Inc. for nearly twenty years, and when she retired, the journal left with her. We thought it would be an opportune time to pay homage to the legacy of Writer’s Inc. by renaming and reimagining our home department’s literary journal. …

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When The Siren Sounds, Madelynn H. Morgan May 2025

When The Siren Sounds, Madelynn H. Morgan

Persimmon Creek

Growing up being the daughter of a fire fighter was not easy. I had a very absent father growing up, and this was due to his work in the fire service. Through this reflective essay, I discuss what growing up as a first-response family was like, and how it has shaped me into the adult I am becoming.

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The Madonna - Whore Complex, Rhiya S. Ashman May 2025

The Madonna - Whore Complex, Rhiya S. Ashman

Persimmon Creek

In this work, I wanted to explore the literature/media trope of the Madonna/Whore complex, specifically when it comes to Black women in media. The Madonna Whore complexes illustrate how women are often written into one of two extremes - they are either extremely pure, innocent, and childlike (The Madonna), or they are sexual, rebellious, and seductive (The Whore). The piece is full of symbolism, including the materials used to make it. I wanted to illustrate these extreme yet two dimensional ways these women were portrayed by creating them in flat paper, with no faces, to show how they are still …

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Wulver In Appalachia, Wylan Blair May 2025

Wulver In Appalachia, Wylan Blair

Persimmon Creek

A poem about a mysterious figure who comes to the aid of a mountain community.

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Glimpses Of Myself In The Underground, Madelynn H. Morgan May 2025

Glimpses Of Myself In The Underground, Madelynn H. Morgan

Persimmon Creek

Through poetry, a older teenager reflects on a place that has made her who she is. She sees ghosts of her past self in every wall of this place, and it makes her feel oddly sentimental. She realizes how far she has come and how much has changed, and begins to understand how ever fleeting any given moment in time is.

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Dodo, Lyxia C. Vue May 2025

Dodo, Lyxia C. Vue

Persimmon Creek

A short poem about the extinct animal known as the Dodo Bird.

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The Stereo Skips, Maryssa H. Mckinney May 2025

The Stereo Skips, Maryssa H. Mckinney

Persimmon Creek

"The Stereo Skips" is a reflective poem that captures the chaotic and emotional experiences of a child navigating family struggles and religious expectations on a typical Sunday morning growing up in their household. Through the recurring image of a skipping stereo, the poem emphasizes the dissonance between external appearances and internal turmoil, as the child reflects on their relationship with God, the absence of their father, and the contradictions in their family life. The stereo's skips serve as a metaphor for the interruptions and unresolved emotions in the speaker's world.

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Tsenacommacah, Wylan Blair May 2025

Tsenacommacah, Wylan Blair

Persimmon Creek

This poem is about the area that was once called Tsenacommacah, the Powhatan people, and the horrors of the centuries that followed 1607.

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The Reality Of Restorative: The Impact On Discipline Disparities In A Large Urban School District, Eboni Williams, Karen H. Larwin Phd May 2025

The Reality Of Restorative: The Impact On Discipline Disparities In A Large Urban School District, Eboni Williams, Karen H. Larwin Phd

Journal of Organizational & Educational Leadership

Disparities in exclusionary discipline rates persist for African American students, who often receive harsher punishments than their White peers, especially for subjective offenses. Implicit bias contributes to perceptions of African American children as older, less innocent, and more deserving of severe discipline (Gilliam et al., 2016; Lewis & Diamond, 2015; Welsh & Little, 2018). Excessive discipline correlates with negative long-term outcomes, including higher dropout rates and incarceration (Skiba et al., 2014). This study evaluates the impact of restorative justice in reducing these disparities in a large urban district. While general linear modeling indicated significant suspension rate changes for grades 9-12 …

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The Ecology Of Practices: Perspectives Of Female Principals Leading Rural Schools In Zimbabwe, Precious Guramatunhu Mudiwa May 2025

The Ecology Of Practices: Perspectives Of Female Principals Leading Rural Schools In Zimbabwe, Precious Guramatunhu Mudiwa

Journal of Organizational & Educational Leadership

This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of five female principals leading rural schools in Zimbabwe. Using a qualitative approach through face-to-face interviews and employing the ecology of practices framework (Stengers, 2005) to address environmental challenges in rural schools, the findings illustrate the multidimensional challenges faced by female school leaders in rural settings, that include infrastructural deficiencies, chronic academic underperformance, poor teacher working conditions, absenteeism, funding shortages, and gender bias. Despite these difficulties, principals demonstrated resilience through strategic leadership, community collaboration, and faith-based coping mechanisms. These insights contribute to a broader understanding of the intersection of gender and educational …

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Perceptions Of Principal Leadership, Teacher Leadership, Student Discipline, And Teacher Retention Based On Evaas Growth Status And School Performance Grade In Low-Performing Elementary Schools In North Carolina, Shayla Savage, Sijia Zhang May 2025

Perceptions Of Principal Leadership, Teacher Leadership, Student Discipline, And Teacher Retention Based On Evaas Growth Status And School Performance Grade In Low-Performing Elementary Schools In North Carolina, Shayla Savage, Sijia Zhang

Journal of Organizational & Educational Leadership

This quantitative study investigated whether teachers’ perceptions on principal leadership, teacher leadership, student discipline, and teacher retention exhibited significant differences based on two school conditions: school growth status and school performance grade in low-performing elementary schools across North Carolina. The study analyzed responses from 11,018 certified teachers across 293 qualified schools. A 2x2 factorial MANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in teacher leadership and teacher retention related to school performance grade and its interaction with the school growth status. However, no significant differences were found regarding the principal leadership and student discipline domains. Findings highlighted the importance of supporting teacher leadership …

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