Digital Commons Network^™

Netgen: Network Traffic Generator, Arya Pefourque, Cole Fettkether, Johnathon Maschler

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

This project will investigate the development of a transformer-based machine learning model (NetGen), with the purpose of generating realistic and usable synthetic network traffic from natural language inputs. Network research and testing in the cybersecurity field depend on publicly available packet data (PCAP). Many of these datasets are either outdated or fail to represent more modern traffic patterns. We attempt to address this issue by preprocessing available network data into structured and tokenized sequences, suitable for training a transformer model. The transformer architecture allows us to translate user-provided descriptions—“simulate a TCP handshake from IP A to IP B”—into structurally accurate …

Strange Bedfellows: Guardians For Fetuses And Future Generations, Celia Parry

Pace Environmental Law Review

In the 1970s, savvy anti-abortion lawyers began employing “fetal guardians” as a procedural mechanism to restrict abortion access. In Juliana v. United States, arguably the most important climate lawsuit from the past ten years, a “guardian for future generations” acted as a plaintiff. These forms of legal guardianship resemble each other because they both rely on property law precedent, invoke creative interpretations of guardianship, and represent future interests. This connection also presents a predicament for climate litigators and anti-abortion litigators, who don’t typically share the same agenda. To date, this intersection between fetal and future generation guardianship has not received …

Application Of Neutrosophic Statistics And The Communicative Pedagogical Model To Optimize Pronunciation Teaching In A1 Students Of Technical Careers In Higher Education, Rosa Hernández-Magallanes, Carmen Letamendi-Lazo, Josué Bonilla-Tenesaca

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study presents findings aimed at improving English pronunciation instruction for A1-level students enrolled in technical programs at a public institution in Guayaquil, Ecuador. The research integrates neutrosophic statistics with the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach to address ambiguity and complexity in educational contexts. Key factors such as teaching methodology effectiveness, instructors' content knowledge, CEFR implementation, course-objective alignment, module relevance, and departmental management were assessed. The neutrosophic framework enabled the identification of strengths, weaknesses, and areas of indeterminacy requiring contextual intervention. Based on the findings, the study proposes pedagogical alternatives through an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) model aligned with …

Deciphering Purchase Decisions In Neuromarketing: A Systematic Review Of The Last Decade Using Neutrosophic Z Numbers, Eluard Alexander Mendoza Zenozain

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The contribution of this article is to a basic neuromarketing question: awareness of how / why we buy in an overstimulating external environment. More specifically, the question is how ambiguous perceptions and unclear responses influence buying behavior; something the traditional systems sought have not extensively explored. The contribution is made through a decade's systematic review of the literature and subsequent application of neutrosophic Z numbers to quasi-experimental findings. The literature es compiled through the neutrosophic Z system of assessment to reveal trends and tendencies reflecting certain and uncertain findings of consumer response to marketing persuasion. This matters because relative to …

Geothermal Energy And The Possibility Of Narrative Unity In Environmental And Energy Law, Jarrod Ingles

Pace Environmental Law Review

As the United States seeks to address concerns about climate change and energy affordability through the deployment of renewable energy and natural gas, the tensions between energy law and environmental law have come into sharper relief. These two related fields are converging as never before because solutions to rising energy costs and the “wicked problem” of climate change often pit the impulses of energy and environmental agencies against one another. Applying a narrative theory approach, I contend that energy law and environmental law will continue to be in tension because they are grounded in different narratives, which in turn communicate …

Comprehensive Insights Into The Cholesterol-Mediated Modulation Of Membrane Function Through Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Ehsaneh Khodadadi, Ehsan Khodadadi, Parth Chaturvedi, Mahmoud Moradi

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Cholesterol plays an essential role in biological membranes and is crucial for maintaining their stability and functionality. In addition to biological membranes, cholesterol is also used in various synthetic lipid-based structures such as liposomes, proteoliposomes, and nanodiscs. Cholesterol regulates membrane properties by influencing the density of lipids, phase separation into liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) areas, and stability of protein-membrane interactions. For planar bilayers, cholesterol thickens the membrane, decreases permeability, and brings lipids into well-ordered domains, thereby increasing membrane rigidity by condensing lipid packing, while maintaining lateral lipid mobility in disordered regions to preserve overall membrane fluidity. It modulates membrane …

Multi-Neutrosophic Ayni Method Based On Ancestral Logic And N-Alectic Reasoning For Ethical Ai And Sustainability, Maikel Y. Leyva Vázquez, Noel Batista Hernandez, Edwin Alberto Callejas, Florentin Smarandache

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This article presents the Multi-Neutrosophic Ayni Method, a novel framework that integrates Latin American Indigenous philosophies with neutrosophic logic to guide ethical and sustainable AI development. Grounded in ancestral principles such as Ayni, Buen Vivir, In Lak’ech, ch’ixi, and nepantla, this approach models plural, ambiguous, and context-dependent ethical judgments through Multi-Neutrosophic Sets (MNS). A key contribution is the introduction of the Euclidean Multi-Neutrosophic Consensus Measure, which quantifies the degree of alignment among diverse stakeholders' evaluations without erasing epistemic differences. This measure enables the detection of convergence thresholds in intercultural deliberation, offering a rigorous yet flexible tool for decision-making. The method …

Evaluating English Oral Production In University Students Through Google Meet Using Neutrosophic Z-Numbers, Arihaschna Joyce Berrospi Zapata, Justo Pérez Soncco, Rosita Elvira Alcantara Poma, Lourdes Graciela Lurquin Valdivieso, José Regulo Ramírez Del Águila, Dante Manuel Macazana Fernández

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

The present study investigates a central problem in the field of virtual education: how it influences the use of Google Meet in the Oral Production Competition of University Students at a public university in Lima. The research issue focuses on determining whether this platform, widely integrated into current educational environments, effectively contributes to the development of oral communicative skills in a foreign language. In a context where digital technologies are essential for teaching, understanding their real impact is essential to optimize learning processes in non-face-to-face modalities. Therefore, this investigation adopts an innovative approach based on neutral Z numbers, which allows …

Quality Management In The Faculty Of Business Sciences At The José Faustino Sánchez Carrión National University: A Study Based On The Neutrosophic Linguistic 2-Tuple Model, Carlos Máximo Gonzales-Añorga, Julia Cecilia Yon-Delgado, Medalit Nieves Salcedo-Rodríguez, Mónica Rosario Yon-Delgado, Tito Edinson Quispe-Campos, Daniel Alberto Oswaldo Valenzuela-Narváez, Timoteo Solano-Armas, Viviana Inés Vellón Flores

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This research study is the product of a comprehensive, profound, and objective diagnosis of the academic and administrative situation of the Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Tourism of the José Faustino Sánchez Car-rión National University in Peru, which has allowed us to examine its management, the degree of efficiency, quality of training of academic schools and the factors that influence the quality of management. Quality in high-er education is an important aspect to measure to guarantee the best results for our graduates in their profession-al lives within society. This paper aims to measure the quality of education in the aforementioned …

Current Situation Of The Use Of Neutrosophy To Improve Medical Decision Making And Preventive Healthcare In Ecuador, Franklin Parrales-Bravo, Lorenzo Cevallos-Torres, Leonel Vasquez-Cevallos, Zulemma Bazurto-Blacio, Diana Minda-Gilces, Víctor Gómez-Rodríguez, Rosangela Caicedo-Quiroz, Pedro García-Arias

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This study systematically examines the applications of neutrosophic logic in Ecuadorian medicine, focusing on its role in improving medical decision making and preventive healthcare. By conducting a structured literature review selected articles, the research highlights how neutrosophic methods—such as Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets (SVNS) and Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps (NCMs)—address uncertainty, indeterminacy, and contradictions inherent in clinical and public health data. Key contributions include improved diagnostic accuracy in maternal health, risk assessment for chronic diseases, and ethical decision making in telemedicine, demonstrating neutrosophic logic’s superiority over traditional binary approaches. The findings advocate for a broader implementation of neutrosophic frameworks in Ecuador’s healthcare …

Educational Dialogues And Shuar Cultural Identity: An Approach From The Neutrosophic N- Alectics., María Claudina Gómez Ayora, María Belén Centeno Defas, Isaac Roger Martínez

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

This dissertation aims to assess the significance of dialogues in educational interventions that facilitate the con-struction and reinforcement of the cultural identity of Shuar students in rural multigrade classrooms from a Neutrosophic N-Alectic Assessment based on the Theory of Neutrosophy that seeks to approximate truth, deni-al, and indeterminacy within pedagogical realities. Therefore, it involves an interpretative qualitative study comprised of semi-structured, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, participant observation in class-rooms, and neutrosophic discursive analysis of dialogue occurring in bilingual learning environments. Results show that dialogue surrounding ancestral stories, purposeful interaction with the Shuar language, and subse-quent community involvement facilitate …

Neutrosophic Sets And Systems, {Número Especial: Inteligencia Artificial, Neutrosofía Y Cosmovisiones Latinoamericanas: Hacia Un Futuro Sostenible (Taller – 18 Al 21 De Marzo De 2025, Universidad Tecnológica De El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador)}, Vol. 84, 2025, Florentin Smarandache, Maikel Leyva-Vázquez, Mohamed Abdel‑Basset

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

Preface

A Versatile Platform For Designing And Fabricating Multi-Material Perfusable 3d Microvasculatures, Nathaniel Harris, Charles Miller, Min Zou

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Perfusable microvasculature is critical for advancing in vitro tissue models, particularly for neural applications where limited diffusion impairs organoid growth and fails to replicate neurovascular function. This study presents a versatile fabrication platform that integrates mesh-driven design, two-photon lithography (TPL), and modular interfacing to create multi-material, perfusable 3D microvasculatures. Various 2D and 3D capillary paths were test-printed using both polygonal and lattice support strategies. A double-layered capillary scaffold based on the Hilbert curve was used for comparative materials testing. Methods for printing rigid (OrmoComp), moderately stiff hydrogel (polyethylene glycol diacrylate, PEGDA 700), and soft elastomeric (photocurable polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) materials were …

A Proposal To Explore Geometry With Geogebra: Graphical Exploration And Formal Demonstration Of The Collinearity Of The Barycenters Of A Polygon, Saulo Mosquera Lopez, Marlio Paredes, Walter Castro

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

This paper illustrates an example of a mathematical activity that teachers and students can replicate to create an experience that resembles professional mathematical activity. We extend the property “Consider a triangle ABC, any straight line and let A’, B’, C’ be the reflections of the points A, B, C on the straight line then the barycenters of the triangles ABC, A’BC, AB’C and ABC’ are collinear and the line of collinearity is perpendicular to the straight line” for any quadrilateral. It is proved that there are four additional triangles, for a total of eight, whose barycenters are collinear and that …

Simple And Complex Phonic Tics In Tourette Syndrome, José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo, Joseph Jankovic

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Tourette syndrome (TS) is the most common cause of tics. Tics are classified as motor and phonic tics. The latter (previously also referred to as “vocal tics”) are manifested by simple sounds (simple phonic tics) or complex, often semantically meaningful utterances (complex phonic tics). Methods: We compared the clinical and demographic features of consecutive patients with TS who exhibited simple and complex phonic tics. Results: There were 149 patients, 117 (78.5%) of whom were males; the mean age at evaluation was 19.61 ± 12.97 years. In total, 35 (23.5%) of these manifested complex phonic tics, and 26 (17.4%) had verbalizations. …

Temporal Modeling And Forecasting Of Blood Glucose Dynamics In Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus, Mj Ruff

University Honors Theses

People living with Diabetes Mellitus face significant health risks, including an increased likelihood of heart disease, stroke, and fluctuations in blood glucose levels. The unpredictable nature of glucose levels can lead to dangerous conditions such as ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia. This study employs advanced time series analysis tools to forecast the glucose levels for an individual diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Bilbo's Boethian Heroism, Wendy Marie Hoofnagle

Journal of Tolkien Research

Tolkien’s Boethian heritage has been amply explored, particularly for The Lord of the Rings and The Silmarillion, but little scholarly attention has been paid to his development of Boethian ideals in The Hobbit, especially in regard to Bilbo’s heroic arc and the importance of luck on his journey. I argue that Tolkien develops Bilbo’s heroic identity and his famous “luck” as the actions of Fortune on behalf of Fate and divine Providence, interpreting the influential theology from Boethius’s The Consolation of Philosophy as a new kind of heroism that fulfills the teachings of Lady Philosophy.

Pepperbox - June 6, 2025, Student Newspaper Of Arcata High School

The Pepperbox

Volume 97, Number 7

Synergizing Stem And Ela: Exploring How Small-Group Interactions Shape Design Decisions In An Engineering Design-Based Unit, Deana Lucas, Emily Haluschak, Christine H. Mcdonnell, Selcen Guzey, Greg J. Strimel, Morgan Hynes, Tamara J. Moore

School of Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

While small group learning through engineering design activities has been shown to enhance student achievement, motivation, and problem-solving skills, much of the existing research in this area focuses on undergraduate engineering education. Therefore, this study examines how small-group interactions influence design decisions within a sixth-grade engineering design-based English Language Arts unit for multilingual learners. Multilingual Learners make up 21% of the U.S. school-aged population and benefit from early STEM opportunities that shape future educational and career trajectories. Grounded in constructivist learning theories, the research explores collaborative learning in the engineering design process, using a comparative case study design. Specifically, this …

Charting Your Own Course: Diverse Paths To Occupational Health Psychology, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

This piece describes my pathway, via stressful work experiences, into occupational health psychology (OHP). Those work experiences combined with my later training in epidemiology at Columbia led me to the study of work, stress, and health. I briefly describe key research experiences with Joe Mazzola of Meredith College (the role of qualitative research in theory development and hypothesis generation) and Renzo Bianchi of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (research on burnout–depression overlap and the creation of scales to assess occupational depression, occupational anxiety, and pandemic-related anxiety). The piece concludes with ideas for newcomers to OHP for getting the …

Re Embracing A Lost Identity: Second Generation Russian American Experience Growing Up In A Cultural Conflict., Joanna Elise Destout

2025 Symposium

This paper explores the complex experiences of second-generation Russian-American immigrants through the personal narrative of Anastasia, a young woman whose journey highlights the psychological and cultural tensions of growing up between two worlds. By delving into her story, the research illustrates how the aftermath of the Soviet Union’s collapse and the challenges of American assimilation contribute to mental health struggles and identity fragmentation. The study incorporates both personal interviews and a review of literature on post-Soviet nostalgia, Americanization, and cultural stigmas surrounding mental illness among Russian immigrants. Anastasia’s upbringing was shaped by the conflicting values of her parents’ Soviet past …

Real Property: Legal Estoppel And Sovereignty Lands – Rough Waters Ahead, William B. Mcqueen

Florida Law Review

No abstract provided.

Notes On The Biology And Damage Of Two Acrobasis Species (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) On Black Walnut In Michigan, Peter J. Martinat, William E. Wallner

The Great Lakes Entomologist

Acrobasis juglundis (Le Baron), and A. demotella Grote cause extensive damage to black walnut foliage and branchlets, and are potential threats to commercial production of walnut trees in Michigan. Both species are univoltine in Michigan and overwinter in hibernacula. lnstars 1-111 are morphologically indistinguishable between species and have similar feeding habits. In the spring, A. demotella was active about two weeks earlier, caused more damage. and was more abundant than A. juglandis. Five parasitoids were reared from A. juglandis including Trathala plesia (Cushman), a new record. No parasitoids were reared from A. denzotella.

A List Of The Prey Species Of Podisus Maculiventris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), J. E. Mcpherson

The Great Lakes Entomologist

A referenced list of the prey species of Podislrs maculicentris is presented.

The Significance Of Labels: From Shy And Lazy To Autistic And Adhd, Katrine K. Bechsgaard

Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture

This article examines the ways in which language and conceptions of neurodivergent conditions, autism and ADHD, are connected in a Danish context. As in other Western countries, there are significant increases in diagnoses, and particularly women are being diagnosed in adulthood. The article focuses on how these conditions are perceived and talked about, utilizing concepts such as othering, labeling, and performativity. The analysis suggests that when individuals feel othered and stigmatized by diagnostic labels, it has less to do with the labels themselves and more to do with the connotations and pathologization connected with the labels. Furthermore, the analysis shows …

My Mind In Middlemarch, Margaret A. Fisher

Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture

“My Mind in Middlemarch” is a creative-critical essay and personal narrative of self-diagnosis. It was modeled in length and (somewhat) in style on Rebecca Mead’s essay, “Middlemarch and Me,” which appeared in The New Yorker in 2011 and was later expanded into her book, My Life in Middlemarch (2014). This personal essay narrates my journey to self-diagnosis and the initial discovery of my autism— a realization sparked by the resonance I found between my life and that of Dorothea Brooke, the central heroine of George Eliot’s classic British novel.

Identity Ramifications, Tina E. Wilson

Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture

No abstract provided.

Bat Occurrence And Microclimatic Conditions Of The Sima Del Órgano Cave, Mexico, Luis A. Hernández, Jaime E. Gómez, Cyntia Reyes

International Journal of Speleology

Caves represent an important type of shelter for many species of bats, particularly in karstic regions. In Mexico, about 60 bat species regularly use caves as roosts. The microclimate of a cave is a key component of the overall cave ecosystem. So, an adequate microclimate can minimize the energetic costs of bats associated with thermoregulation, gestation, embryonic development, parental care, lactation and social interaction. Cave environments are among the least known and most threatened on the planet, which is why we aimed to determine the monthly occurrence of bat species in the Sima del Órgano Cave, estimate the population size …

Litter-Acy, Justin Chung, Aster Li, Andrew Nguyen

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

This project for Santa Clara University School of Engineering’s annual Senior Design, Litter-acy, addresses the critical societal issue of improper waste management and the lack of public knowledge regarding proper sorting techniques. These contribute significantly to environmental pollution and deterioration. Through recognizing how traditional educational methods often fail to engage younger audiences and combat the ”adolescent dip” in sustainability interest, Litter-acy proposes an innovative solution: an iOS mobile application that gamifies waste management education.

The app features multiple interactive mini-games focused on sustainable waste sorting, including Connections, Catcher, and Trivia, designed to make learning engaging and accessible. It incorporates key …

Beyond Campus, Sophia Miranda, Jenna Chinn, Dev Gupta

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

College is often regarded as a formative period for building lasting friendships, but many students - particularly new, transfer, or socially reserved individuals - struggle to form connections. Beyond Campus is a social networking platform designed specifically for college students to foster meaningful friendships through interest-based matchmaking. The platform leverages a custom algorithm to suggest compatible peers, supports the formation and discovery of community groups, and o↵ers secure, user-friendly messaging. Unlike existing social apps like Bumble BFF, ZeeMee, and GroupMe, which lack a dedicated focus on the college experience, Beyond Campus targets university communities directly. By providing a modern, inclusive, …