Digital Commons Network^™

Efficacy Of Platelet Rich Plasma Versus Placebo For Improvement In Olfactory Function In Adults With Olfactory Dysfunction: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ali B Jafar, Ghabrielle Almeida, Fatima Al Mousawi, Eric Delgado Rendon, Amber U Luong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Olfactory dysfunction significantly impairs quality of life. Conventional treatments such as corticosteroids and olfactory training offer limited and inconsistent efficacy. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a biologically active agent, has shown potential regenerative effects in olfactory neuroepithelium. This study systematically evaluates the efficacy of PRP compared to placebo in improving olfactory function.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD 420251045079). The databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Central, and Web of Science. Seven studies (four RCTs, three non-RCTs) involving 789 patients were included. Subjective and objective outcomes were extracted and …

Developing Consensus For A More Provider-Friendly Next-Generation Sequencing Molecular Biomarker Report: A Joint Consensus Recommendation Of The Association For Molecular Pathology And College Of American Pathologists, Jane Gibson, Hanadi El Achi, Dana Altenburger, Noah Brown, Amy S Clark, Joshua Coleman, Rajyasree Emmadi, Amber M Fussell, Meera Hameed, Danielle Jordan, Jennifer Laudadio, Anthony Provenzano, Robyn L Temple-Smolkin, Christopher G Suciu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite the increasing availability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel analysis for cancers, published reports suggest underutilization of testing, citing the shortage of credentialed professionals available to assist with the interpretation of test results among the key barriers. Obtaining a multidisciplinary consensus regarding a shared best practice NGS molecular biomarker reporting section template may facilitate introduction and/or increased testing for institutions that adopt similar report structures by improving report effectiveness and efficiency for both health care providers and laboratory professionals, leading to improved patient care. To address this challenge, the Association for Molecular Pathology convened a multidisciplinary collaborative expert working …

Early Identification For Spasticity Patient Referral Needs: An Inter-Rater Reliability Study Of The Post-Stroke Spasticity Referral Tool, Jorg Wissel, Atul Patel, Ganesh Bavikatte, Xiao Li, Sophie L Musson, Elizabeth Torres, Nabilah Alibhai, Tiziana Musacchio, Gerard E Francisco

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The post-stroke spasticity (PSS) Referral Tool was developed to assist health care professionals in the early identification of patient referral needs. An inter-rater reliability (IRR) study using videos of patients with different stages of or without predictors of PSS was performed to validate its utility in clinical practice.

Research design and methods: This prospective study had 3 parts: patient video production (Part A); expert panel classification of patient videos into PSS Referral Tool categories (Part B; Urgent Referral [UR; red], Routine Referral [RR; yellow], Periodic Monitoring [PM; green]), and an IRR analysis from global clinician raters (Part C). IRR …

Real-World Disease Burden And Health Care Resource Utilization For Patients With Barth Syndrome, Lindsay Marjoram, Yonglin Huang, Mary Kay Koenig, Bruce H Cohen, Eric Anderson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Barth syndrome (BTHS) is an ultra-rare, X-linked genetic disorder for which there is limited economic data. Because compiling such data that target rare indications is difficult, we assessed real-world data to increase understanding of the cost of BTHS based on disease burden and health care resource utilization (HCRU).

Methods: A search of the published medical literature identified individual case studies and registry data used to assess the burden of disease and potential costs associated with BTHS, including the potential ability of developing treatments to positively impact those costs. In addition, a claims database analysis was conducted to assess HCRU …

Trends In Preservation Rhinoplasty Publications: A Bibliometric Analysis Of Presented Data Originality, Rakan Saadoun, W Katherine Kao, Tang Ho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Recent literature on dorsal preservation rhinoplasty (DPR) has seen a resurgence. This study performs a bibliometric analysis of publications and co-authorships within this research area, considering factors such as gender, country of origin, international collaboration, and the originality of the presented data.

Methods: The PubMed-indexed literature on DPR from 2018 to 2024 was extracted and reviewed, limited to English publications. Descriptive statistics were performed regarding the contributors by gender, country, publishing journal, authorship rank, and department of affiliation. Association tests were used to determine the association between the originality of the data presented and the affiliation's country and department. …

Whipple Disease Initial Presentation As Supraclavicular Lymphadenopathy In A Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Diagnostic Challenge, Sara E Amin, Swati Gite, Audrey Wanger, Violeta Chavez, Jacob Armstrong, Beenu Thakral, Patricia Navarro, Jennifer Makhoul, Amer Wahed, Navneet Narula, Karan Saluja

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Whipple disease is a rare systemic disease caused by Tropheryma whipplei. It can present with a wide range of nonspecific symptoms that might overlap with underlying medical conditions, posing a diagnostic challenge. We present a 61-year-old man with a past medical history of rheumatoid arthritis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, who presented with persistent leukocytosis and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy. A positron emission tomography scan revealed hypermetabolic activity in the supraclavicular, abdominal, and pelvic lymph nodes along with a myocardial hypermetabolic lesion, concerning a lymphoproliferative disorder versus sarcoidosis. A supraclavicular lymph node excisional biopsy revealed complete architectural effacement by a diffuse foamy …

Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy For Central Sleep Apnea In Patients With Heart Failure: A Multisite, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial (Loft-Hf), Susan Redline, Dongdong Li, Shahrokh Javaheri, Sanjay R Patel, Sairam Parthasarathy, James C Fang, Lee K Brown, Mark Dunlap, M Safwan Badr, Neomi Shah, Luqi Chi, Ruckshanda Majid, Mihaela Teodorescu, Garrick Stewart, Eileen Hsich, Tamar Polonsky, Justin Vader, Maryl R Johnson, Dennis Auckley, Henry Klar Yaggi, Andrew Kao, Ali Azarbarzin, Raichel Alex, Michael Rueschman, Lisa Wolfe, Daniel J Gottlieb, Scott A Sands, Phyllis C Zee, Reena Mehra, Babak Mokhlesi, Rami Khayat, Eldrin F Lewis, William T Abraham, Rui Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Rationale: There are insufficient data to inform the management of central sleep apnea (CSA) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Nocturnal oxygen therapy (NOT) has been postulated to benefit CSA patients with HFrEF but has not been rigorously studied. Objectives: To compare NOT with sham NOT (control) in heart failure (HF) patients receiving guideline-based HF therapy on the composite outcome of first occurrence of either mortality due to any cause, a lifesaving cardiovascular intervention, or an unplanned hospitalization for worsening HF, together with other secondary outcomes.

Methods: A multisite, double-blind, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted …

Combining Pirfenidone With Mycophenolate Mofetil For Systemic Sclerosis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease (Scleroderma Lung Study Iii): An Investigator-Initiated, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial, Dinesh Khanna, Cathie Spino, Donald P Tashkin, Elana J Bernstein, Jonathan Goldin, Eric C Kleerup, Airi Harui, Grace Ibrahim, Grace Hyun J Kim, Suiyuan Huang, Richard Mclain, Yi-Hsuan Tu, Vivek Nagaraja, Richard M Silver, Virginia D Steen, S Samuel Weigt, Joyce S Lee, Aryeh Fischer, Mary Beth Scholand, Jessica K Gordon, Paul F Dellaripa, Ivan O Rosas, Gary M Hunninghake, Marcin A Trojanowski, Robert W Simms, Jane E Dematte, Vivien M Hsu, Robyn T Domsic, Ganesh Raghu, Maureen D Mayes, Ryan D Boente, Michael D Roth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) can stabilize or improve lung function in systemic sclerosis-related interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). We hypothesized that combining MMF with pirfenidone (PFD) would produce a significantly more rapid and/or greater improvement in lung function.

Methods: A randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo (PLA)-controlled phase 2 trial was conducted in SSc-ILD in which patients received PFD or PLA (801 mg three times daily) along with MMF (1,500 mg twice daily) for 18 months. The primary outcome was change in percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC-%). Linear mixed-effects models assessed treatment differences in a modified intention-to-treat population.

Results: Only fifty-one of …

Revisiting Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Pharmacology: Additive Potential Of Stimulators And Activators, Alexandra Petraina, Mahmoud H Elbatreek, Christopher T Neullens, Theodora Saridaki, Vu Thao-Vi Dao, Rebecca D Szepanowski, Emil Martin, Wolfgang Sippl, Ana I Casas, Harald H H W Schmidt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key gasotransmitter that binds to soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), thereby stimulating cGMP production. Under disease conditions, reactive oxygen species disrupt this signaling by either: (1) scavenging NO, or (2) promoting heme-free, NO-insensitive apo-sGC due to impaired heme incorporation or oxidative damage. To counteract these conditions, two pharmacological approaches have emerged: sGC stimulators, which allosterically enhance sGC sensitivity to low NO levels; and sGC activators, which directly activate apo-sGC (heme-free sGC) by binding to its empty heme pocket, inducing a conformation that mimics NO-bound sGC. Thus, sGC stimulators are thought to target only sGC. Instead, we …

Alk5 Inhibitor Impact On Bleomycin-Induced Systemic Sclerosis Mouse Model Via Multifunctional Optical Coherence Tomography, Pavel V Nikitin, Harshdeep S Chawla, Jessica Gutierrez, Geethangili Madamanchi, Manmohan Singh, Salavat R Aglyamov, Minghua Wu, Jerry Alonso, Matthew Fronheiser, Juliana Coculo, Shuyan Du, Shervin Assassi, Kirill V Larin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis, vascular dysfunction, and immune dysregulation, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Noninvasive imaging techniques are critical for monitoring disease progression and evaluating therapeutic interventions. This study investigates the technical feasibility of multifunctional optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based methods for longitudinal assessment of skin thickness, stiffness, and microvasculature in a murine SSc model as a translational, noninvasive, and quantitative method to study disease progression and treatment response. Our findings demonstrate significant structural, biomechanical, and vascular changes in the skin's stiffness, indicative of fibrosis, a hallmark of SSc. The application of SB …

20251201: Black United Students Funeral Itineraries, 1970, Intercultural Affairs

Guides to University Archives

These items include materials donated by Craig T. Greenlee from the Black United Students organization and consists of funeral itineraries for the associated Marshall University football players killed in the plane crash.

Fam13a Polymorphism Is Associated With A Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease, Elana J Bernstein, Francesco Boin, Brett Elicker, Yiming Luo, Yawen Ren, Meng Zhang, John Varga, Shervin Assassi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: The MUC5B promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs35705950 has been associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and RA-related interstitial lung disease (ILD), but not with SSc-ILD. We hypothesized that the MUC5B promoter polymorphism or other IPF susceptibility loci are associated with an increased risk for the uncommon SSc-usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) endophenotype, rather than SSc-ILD in general.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of SSc-ILD patients from four US Scleroderma Programs to investigate the frequency of MUC5B rs35705950 and 12 additional IPF susceptibility loci. SSc-ILD patients were stratified by high resolution chest CT (HRCT) imaging findings into UIP and …

Utilizing Functional Neuroimaging To Study Early Language Development, Halie A Olson, Trevor K M Day, Kelly J Hiersche, Brittany L Manning, Holly Bradley, Soujin Choi, Gavkhar Abdurokhmonova, Sarah A Mccormick, Amy L Conrad, Dustin Scheinost, Kelly A Vaughn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Language develops rapidly over the infant and toddler period and has been a key area of research within the field of developmental cognitive neuroscience. Understanding the neural basis of early language development may help us predict delays or disorders, recommend early interventions, and provide a deeper mechanistic understanding of how the brain supports language learning. While the ontogeny of many cognitive functions can be studied in animal models, language development can only be studied in human children. Thus, functional neuroimaging is critical for uncovering the neural basis of language in early development. The purpose of this review is to take …

Social Media Listening Study To Understand The Journey And Unmet Needs Of Patients Living With Post-Stroke Spasticity, Stefano Carda, Jörg Wissel, Damon Hoad, Gerard E Francisco, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Daniela Gallardo, Matteo Vacchelli, Jorge Jacinto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Stroke survivors may develop spasticity (post-stroke spasticity [PSS]) that can challenge activity and participation. Recognising the needs and expectations of people with PSS is crucial for enhancing care. This study is the first to employ social media listening to explore the experiences, unmet needs, and quality of life (QoL) of people with PSS.

Materials and methods: A subset of 417 patient-centric PSS-related posts published on major social media platforms was identified for analysis from 31 600 retrieved.

Results: Posts mainly discussed patient journey (centred around treatment options and management techniques), the impact of PSS on QoL, and patient interactions …

Navigating Health Literacy: Comparison Of Assessment Tools In A Surgical Safety-Net Population, Mokunfayo O Fajemisin, Stephanie Martinez Ugarte, Gabrielle E Hatton, Jackson G Burns, Lillian S Kao, Krislynn M Mueck

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Health literacy as measured by three validated assessment tools.

Refractory Hypoxemia In An Asymptomatic 6-Year-Old: It Is Not Always The Heart, Aymen Mirza, Bibek Bista, Vidhya Annavajjhala, Chinyere O'Connor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

50+Years Of Restaurant Tipping Research Part Ii: An Analysis Of Research Subthemes And Suggestions For Future Research, Nick E. Johnston, Cortney L. Norris, H. G. Parsa

General Human Environmental Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Tipping reflects a complex interplay of cultural norms, economic incentives, and operational challenges, especially within the U.S. foodservice industry. Building on the systematic literature review and themes presented in Part I, this study examines the subthemes identified across 319 peer-reviewed articles published between 1974 and 2024. Findings reveal saturation points, underexplored topics and intersections, as well as debates surrounding regulations and policies of tipping practices and alternative compensation models. This review integrates a fragmented body of research, provides an overview of key findings, highlights critical gaps, and offers a roadmap for future scholarship and practical reforms in service compensation systems.

Accepting Film: A Study On Tradition, Values Change And Continuity In Tebuireng Pesantren, Jombang, Nurman Hakim

Antropologi Indonesia

The pesantren tradition contains values that become a guide for life and become a source for the actions of santri and kiai. The values in the pesantren tradition in the form of akhlak (morals), ibadah (worship) and barokah (blessings) become an anchor for kiai and santri in responding to films that are considered products of modernity emerging from the west. In the past the act of watching and making films was rejected and considered contrary to the pesantren tradition, but slowly now films are used by pesantren to preserve the tradition itself. This article explores how values in the …

Nurses’ And Midwives’ Job Satisfaction And Retention During Covid-19: A Scoping Review, Laura Hynes, Sadie Geraghty, Sheena Mcchlery, Aisling Smyth, Reeti Brar, Karen Clark-Burg

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic focused attention on the previously well-documented world-wide shortage of nurses and midwives. The pandemic accentuated this crisis, which resulted in nurses and midwives questioning their roles and their careers. The impact of the pandemic on job satisfaction and the intention of nurses and midwives to stay has not been adequately explored. Aim: The aim of this scoping review was to identify and map the literature that describes the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influenced nurses’ and midwives’ job satisfaction and intent to stay or leave their employment or profession during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This scoping …

Feasibility Of A Co-Designed And Personalised Intervention To Improve Vegetable Intake In Rural-Dwelling Young Adults, Katherine Mary Livingstone, Jonathan C. Rawstorn, Stephanie R. Partridge, Yuxin Zhang, Eric O, Stephanie L. Godrich, Sarah A. Mcnaughton, Gilly A. Hendrie, Kathleen M. Dullaghan, Gavin Abbott, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Ralph Maddison, Scott Barnett, John C. Mathers, Laura Alston

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: This study determined the feasibility, acceptability, engagement and efficacy of a co-designed and personalised digital intervention to increase vegetable intake (Veg4Me) in young (18-to-35 years) rural-dwelling Australian adults. Methods: Participants living in rural Australia were recruited via local government networks and social media and randomised to receive 12-weeks’ access to personalised (intervention) or non-personalised (control) versions of the free Veg4Me web application. The intervention included: (1) personalised recipes, (2) geo-located food environment map, (3) healthy eating resources, (4) goal-setting portal, and (5) personalised e-newsletters. The primary outcome was feasibility (recruitment, participation, and retention rate). Secondary outcomes were user engagement, …

Co-Design Of A Personalised Physical Activity Intervention For Stroke Survivors, Natalie A. Fini, Emily R. Ramage, Julie R. Bernhardt, Erin M. Bicknell, Chris C.M. Tzefronis, Paul M. Fink, Erin Godecke, Jill L. Francis, Rebecca Wood, Nicole Li, Brandon Lin, Coralie English, Catherine M. Said

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction/ aims: Incorporating the perspectives of knowledge-users such as stroke survivors into intervention development processes can enhance their relevance and feasibility. The aims of this study were: i) to use co-design to determine “active ingredients” and develop a personalised physical activity intervention for stroke survivors, and ii) to evaluate the co-design process. Methods: A four-stage integrated knowledge translation approach (involving planning and workshops) was applied to co-design a post-stroke physical activity intervention. Knowledge-user participants (stroke survivors (n = 10), carers (n = 3) and clinicians (n = 12)) were recruited. Knowledge-user participants (n = 25) and the research team (n …

Exploring Fathers’ Child And Family Support During Aboriginal Mothers’ Incarceration, Bon Miu, Paul Leslie Simpson, Tony Butler, Mandy Wilson, Destiny Kynuna, Robert Shaw, Jocelyn Jones

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aboriginal women are one of the fastest-growing subgroups among the Australian incarcerated population. Their incarceration affects increasing numbers of children, families, and communities. Few studies have examined the role of fathers when mothers are incarcerated. Using 49 in-depth interviews with Aboriginal mothers in Western Australian prisons, we explore the types of child and family support fathers provide based on the incarcerated mother’s perspective. Four themes were identified: (1) diverse support and involvement by fathers; (2) absence of father’s support due to death or incarceration; (3) parental cooperation and communication; and (4) supports and challenges to maintaining family networks. Overall, fathers …

What Is Known About Asthma Care And Management For Children And Young People Under 18 Years Of Age In New Zealand. A Scoping Review, J. Blamires, M. Foster, B. Kanengoni-Nyatara

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic health condition affecting children in Aotearoa New Zealand, with Māori and Pacific children disproportionately burdened by high morbidity and inequitable care. Despite clinical guidelines and growing research, inconsistencies in diagnosis, treatment adherence, and education persist. This scoping review identifies and maps literature on care models, service delivery, education and support strategies, and experiences of children, young people, and their family/whānau in asthma care and management for those under 18 in Aotearoa New Zealand. Methods: This scoping review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping …

Development And Validation Of An Interpretable Risk Prediction Model For The Early Classification Of Thalassemia, Jin Xin Lai, Jia Wei Tang, Shan Shan Gong, Ming Xiong Qin, Yu Lu Zhang, Quan Fa Liang, Li Yan Li, Zhen Cai, Liang Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder. Current diagnostic methods mainly rely on sophisticated equipment and specifically trained technicians. This study aims to identify and genotype thalassemia by applying machine learning (ML) algorithms to routine blood parameters. This study recruited a derivation cohort of 31,311 individuals from four independent hospitals and developed eight machine learning (ML) models for the purpose. The performance of these models was compared using a set of evaluation metrics. An additional cohort of 2000 patients was recruited for external validation to assess the generalization of the models. The results demonstrated that the categorical boosting (CatBoost) model exhibited …

Cognitive Frailty And Cardiometabolic Risk In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: Evidence From The Uk And China, Haiyang Yan, Jingjing Lang, Chengfeng Li, Samaneh Eftekhariranjbar, Guoyan Jiang, Jing Lei, Lixin Sun, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo, Zhongyang Guan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Cognitive frailty, a novel construct integrating cognitive and physical deficits, is increasingly recognized in aging research. Aims: This study aimed to examine the associations between cognitive frailty and cardiometabolic risk in two nationally representative cohorts from China and the United Kingdom. Methods: We analyzed data from 7,628 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and 4,703 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), all aged ≥ 50 years. Frailty was assessed using the frailty index (FI) in the main analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for incident cardiometabolic …

The Token-Effort Effect: Trivial Redemption Effort Increases Price Promotions Effectiveness, Kuangjie Zhang, Thomas Allard, Nidhi Agrawal, Rajesh Bagchi

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This research documents how introducing redemption tasks requiring a token (i.e., trivial) amount of effort—for instance, by asking the consumer to enter a promo code or solve a CAPTCHA to receive a discount—increases price promotion effectiveness compared with equivalent straight discounts (i.e., applied automatically). Eight studies (including two field experiments) and three additional Web Appendix studies provide robust evidence for the beneficial effect of token-effort requirements on redemption rates. This effect occurs because the easy-to-attain redemption task induces a high perceived return on effort. Thus, this effect only occurs when the redemption task requires token-type effort but not when it …

National Halo And Culture Mixing: U.S. Consumer Acceptance Of Korean Cultivated Meat Made With Seaweed Components, Mark Chong, Angela K. Y. Leung, Tricia Marjorie Fernandez

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate U.S. consumers’ perception and acceptance of a “culturally mixed” product – i.e., cultivated meat (beef) made with Korean seaweed components – a product that involves the blending of a foreign cultural element (Korean seaweed) with a local cultural element (cultivated beef) to create a mixed cultural representation. Subsequently, it aimed to assess if the product’s country of origin (i.e., South Korea) would influence consumer perception and acceptance. Online in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 U.S. consumers recruited through two market research companies. The interview transcripts were analyzed by two trained coders …

One Size Does Not Fit All: Contract Design In Fintech Lending, Jianfeng Hu, Changcheng Song, Gloria Yang Yu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Many fintech lenders rely on standardized contract terms to support scale and operational speed. This paper examines whether modest tailoring of loan contracts can improve credit market outcomes. We conduct a randomized field experiment with a large fintech lender that varies loan due dates relative to borrowers' salary paydays. Synchronizing repayment schedules with income cycles reduces delinquency by 29.1% in the experiment and 15.7% in the administrative data. Effects concentrate among liquidity-constrained borrowers: young, low-income, and low-creditlimit individuals. Tailored repayment timing generates substantial economic benefits: borrowers save on overdue penalties, lenders accelerate cash flows, and improved repayment increases future credit …

A Transaction Cost Perspective On Option Anomalies, James O'Donovan, Gloria Yang Yu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We examine the impact of transaction costs on the profitability of long-short portfolios of delta-hedged option returns. Of the 24 portfolio sort variables studied, 17 generate positive and significant gross returns, but none remain profitable after accounting for trading costs. We propose a cost-mitigation approach that restores profitability to 7 key portfolios. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the choice of delta-hedging frequency has a first-order impact on transaction costs. Our findings underscore the central role of implementation costs in shaping the investment opportunity set in equity–option markets, highlighting the need to account for transaction costs when evaluating option-based strategies.

What Must I Do? Servant-Leadership And Choice, Jiying Song

International Journal of Servant-Leadership

Drawing on archival research at Yale Divinity Library, this article examines four original manuscripts by Robert K. Greenleaf that explore themes of identity, responsibility, and personal growth within servant-leadership. Greenleaf emphasizes the primacy of individual character over systems, the paradoxical nature of leadership, and the enduring significance of choice. His reflections on entheos—an inner sense of oneness and rightness—frame leadership as a moral and spiritual journey. By situating these insights within contemporary servant-leadership theory, the article highlights their relevance for business education and leadership practice, inviting readers to engage with Greenleaf’s central question: “What must I do?”