Digital Commons Network^™

Paradigm Shifts In Research Assessment For Scientific Publishing: Emerging Models In A Pluriverse Perspectivs, Lorela Mehmeti, Elena Maria Formia, Eleonora Lupo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In the realm of design, research publication undergoes a transformative shift in evaluation and emerging forms that prompt investigation into the distortive impact of the current assessment framework on publication diversity. The complexity of assessing research quality within institutional frameworks and career metrics hinders innovation, and globally, debates on impact factors drive a shift to qualitative, responsible evaluation. The article explores how collaborative methodologies enable new assessment practices for design communities in the Global South, challenging Western-centric peer-review norms to adopt a more pluriversal perspective. It includes an introduction problematising the status of publication assessment in the general scientific domain. …

Guiding Design Students To Sound-Driven Design From The Base Camp Of Semiotics, Rosana Sanz-Segura, Eduardo Manchado-Pérez

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The lack of knowledge in the field of sound-driven design lags our educational efforts to teach BSc students about the role of sound in current design process methodologies. Teaching programs rarely include subjects dedicated to creating a coherent experience using data-to-sound strategies, sound informativeness, or the interactions that users have with product sounds. Understanding sound at the same level as other sensory cues prepares students to enrich the usability, attractiveness, and communicative qualities of products, services, and systems. This contribution aims to provide an integrative and multidisciplinary perspective of sound-driven design through the adaptation and application of the ‘Design Framework …

A Tangible Toolkit To Uncover Clinician's Ethical Values About Ai Clinical Decision Support Systems, Ilse Faber, Loes Van Renswouw, Sara Colombo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Machine Learning (ML) has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by enhancing risk prediction and reducing clinical workloads. However, as it impacts risk assessment, integration of ML into clinical practice presents several ethical challenges. This study focuses on enabling clinicians to express their ethical values about ML-powered clinical decision support systems, to facilitate their consideration during the design phase. Grounded in human-centered AI and value-sensitive design, we introduce a tangible toolkit that assists clinicians in visualizing interaction stages with an AI decision support system in their daily practice, and in articulating ethical values and concerns emerging in each step. Preliminary tests …

An Eye-Tracking Experimental Study On The Influence Of Background Visual Effects On Consumer Purchase Behavior In Live Streaming Sales, Ruo-Qiao Zhao, Tseng-Ping Chiu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Live streaming sales have emerged as a prominent trend in global retail, following the COVID-19 pandemic.This study aims to investigate the influence of different forms of background in live streaming sales on consumer purchase behavior through eye-tracking experiments. The study involved 25 participants (15 males). Four distinct background conditions were implemented. The obtained results were analyzed and discussed based on the affordance theory and context effect theory.The findings revealed that under the original background condition, participants tended to primarily focus their attention on the product. In the absence of a background, participants exhibited the longest gaze duration on the product …

Towards Active Aging: Investigating Innovations Within Intelligent Communities, Gabriela Branco, Manuela Quaresma

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Intelligent communities can nurture environments conducive to fostering positive and meaningful relationships among the elderly. This systematic literature review examines the role of these communities in the aging population’s social relations. Through the review of studies and interventions via the Scopus database, we investigate how some innovative approaches are positively impacting the quality of life for the elderly. We identified examples of initiatives, technological solutions, and a social project successfully implemented in communities to strengthen older adult support networks. The contributions of this article lie in providing a comprehensive view of how smart technologies are shaping support for the senior …

Design In Dialogue: Ai As An Aid Of Imagination For Future Scenarios, Viktor Malakuczi, Mariia Ershova, Andrea Gentile, Camilla Gironi, Miriam Saviano, Lorenzo Imbesi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Generative AI tools foreshadow fundamental changes in the dynamics of creative work. Albeit controlling the output is still challenging, the rapid conceptual development and visualization can be particularly helpful in the exploratory phase, facilitating approaches such as design fiction. The contribution aims at providing an overview of how AI can fit in various steps, demonstrating in particular how the AI-enabled visualization from text and sketches allows imagining and iterating quickly on future scenarios. Starting from a benchmarking of over sixty AI tools according to the Design Thinking process, the efficacy of a human-AI collaboration has been experimented through workshops with …

Design And Latin America: Exploring Materiality And Imaginary In Design Education, Pamela Marques, Manuela Andrade Abdala

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper recounts the delivering of the course Design and Latin America: delinking and decolonizing, at University of Brasília. Such experience is in tune with the recent emergence of academic research on the imperativeness of addressing coloniality, and the need to sulear design practice in Latin America. Starting from a brief introduction to Latin American history and social thought, and from an understanding of design as the production of life, discussions were held on the potential of unconventional creativity for nurturing critical consciousness in the field, while acknowledging concrete and subjective power relations. For the development of virtual practical activities, …

Intergenerational Creative Spaces, Co-Living, Community: Design For Longevity, Diana Susan Nicholas, Tasha Singh, Tanaya Deshpande, Alisha Prabhakar, Rachel Wenrick, Ayana Allen-Handy

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Assisting our communities with design for longevity through creating opportunities to age in place requires multiple resources. Aging and longevity are essential emerging factors for many urban neighborhoods. In partnership with the Drexel University Writers Room and Second Story Collective, the Drexel Design Research for Health Lab is creating an innovative concept space and tool for inter-generational creativity through storytelling and artmaking. The interdisciplinary members of the project are developing a series of evidence-based urban spaces around Aging-in-Place. The group has received funding to conduct an age-friendly observational study of the central location for community writing activities. The current goal …

Designing New Phygital Service Experiences For Hospitality, Päivi Hanni-Vaara, Minni Haanpää, Satu Miettinen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This qualitative case study explores the blending of physical and digital as phygital experience at the Rovaniemi Local Heritage Museum in the very specific context of periferal Arctic Lapland. The case study builds on participatory design and provides findings and discussions on how to utilize mobile head-mounted eye tracking sensor technology and empathy map as methods in researching phygital customer experiences during the tourism customer journeys in peripheral, remotely situated micro and small-scale organisations. The findings provide tourism, service and experience design researchers, developers, and service providers with relevant information about the future challenge of phygital touchpoint design. The case …

A Study Of Student’S Learning Experience Impacted By Using Aigc Tools In Design Subjects In China, Yating Li, Henry Ma, Deyang Zhao

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents a qualitative study that investigates the impact of using AI-generated content (AIGC) tools on the learning experiences of design students in China. Nine bachelor students who were encouraged to use AIGC tools in their design projects participated in the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and observation and analyzed by thematic analysis. The findings highlight the impact of AIGC tools on the efficiency and effectiveness of the students’ design process and their acquisition of domain and transferable knowledge. The result shows the impacts of AIGC are perceived as either conveniences or problems. Students' attitudes …

Leveraging Llms For Reflection ��: Approaches To Mitigate Assumptions Within The Design Process, Niklas Muhs, Aeneas Stankowski

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In an increasingly complex landscape, designers grapple with unprecedented uncertainty, often exacerbated by inherent biases and implicit assumptions. Utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs), our formative study introduces "Anticipate," a tool designed to interrogate these hidden presumptions and mitigate uncertainty. A subsequent study demonstrates that LLMs can critically challenge design ideas, elucidate underlying thought patterns, and expose biases, thereby preempting undesirable outcomes. Importantly, we employ specific input framing techniques to minimize the risk of LLM-induced biases and hallucinations in decision-making. Collectively, these methodologies aim to attenuate both designer and algorithmic biases, thereby mitigating the perpetuation of adverse societal trends.

Landscape Of Agency Of Objects In Public Space: A Collective Expression, Cigdem Kaya

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In this research human relationships with objects were traced through 25 participant documentations in 7 different cities. 25 different participant documentation portray the variety of the experiences emerging around objects in public space. The textual part of participants’ documentation was analyzed with thematic analysis. With thematic analysis, new themes were identified. This new themes illustrate a landscape of the agency of objects in public space. I asked participants to report a personal account of an everyday object in public space with text and photography. The collected material consisting of texts and photographs were analysed with thematic analysis inspired by grounded …

Mapping The Evolution Of Design Research: A Data-Driven Analysis Of Interdisciplinary Trends And Intellectual Landscape, Andrea Vian, Gianluca Carella, Daniele Pretolesi, Annalisa Barla, Francesco Zurlo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Due to its interdisciplinary nature, research in design, more so than other disciplines, has to develop self-awareness to adapt to the inherent complexity of the contemporary world. This requires the use of big data as comprehensive self-descriptors, along with tools borrowed from the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to generate knowledge that researchers in this field can integrate with their own expertise to guide their research activities. We consider a large-scale set of about 170000 design-related scientific publications and leverage natural language processing, machine learning, and data visualization to explore and capture the evolution of the design community. We identify …

The Heritage Language And Graphic Landscape Of London's Chinatown, Robert George Harland, Angelina Hang Pan, Alison Barnes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The preservation of minority heritage through language is widely recognised as an important means for safeguarding ethnic identity within multicultural settings. This paper investigates the visibility of "heritage language" through the lens of graphic heritage within the distinctive ethnic enclave of London's Chinatown. Located in the City of Westminster, Chinese identity is officially designated on street nameplates that demarcate geographic boundaries as well as depict a shift in the cultural influence of this migrant community. In this study, the visual analysis of 209 retail signs displays 313 instances of language. The research findings indicate the extent of retention of heritage …

Prospective Design: A Structuralist Design Aesthetic Founded On Relational Qualities, Fernanda Botter, Frederick M. C. Van Amstel, Marco André Mazzarotto Filho, Cayley Guimarães

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Prospective design is a research program founded on critical dialogues between Global South and Global North philosophies of design. Prospective design expands the current work on designing sociotechnical transitions by including the contradiction between “forces of nature” and “human forces” as a structural feature of Western society, which generates patriarchal and feminist worldviews, colonies and metropolises, and capitalist and socialist economic systems. In prospective design, contradictions are sensed, expressed, and worked out through a structuralist design aesthetic founded on the concept of existential structures, i.e. an accumulated set of relationships needed to reproduce human life. Instead of changing them directly, …

Knotting Data As A Feminist Approach To Data Materialization, Vasiliki Tsaknaki, Lara Reime, Marisa Cohn, Tania Pérez-Bustos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Several researchers have been studying how working with materials such as yarn can shift how we think and theorize relations to the body and others, by bringing together feminist values at the intersection of data, technology, and hands-on making. Extending such prior work, our research, anchored in craft-based knowledge production, aims to contribute with explorations on knotting as a feminist approach to data materialization. We present a year-long process consisting of 4 workshops we conducted with participants, in which we used differ-ent forms of knotting to materialize data about bodies being part of our academic institution and the Covid-19 pandemic. …

Exploring App-Based Affective Interactions For People With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lena Kühn, Laurens Boer, Jonas Fritsch

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The mental and emotional burden of living with a chronic disease, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), calls for a better understanding of how we can support people in coping through affectively designed healthcare technologies. This paper presents findings from an ongoing research project concerned with redesigning an existing self-tracking app towards better supporting affective dimensions of living with RA. On the basis of an exploratory, intervention-based design study, we present three overall affective needs feeding into three design opportunities for cultivating affective and emotional dimensions in the redesign of the app; 1) creating a digital room for emotional response, 2) …

Story Seeds: Creating Interactive Narratives For Visitors Of Outdoor Heritage Sites, Saad Ahmed Maqbool, Debbie Maxwell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The lack of interpretation when considering the outdoor cultural heritage sites has the potential to limit the engagement and educational potential of these sites, as well as presenting a missed opportunity for visitor engagement. We pre-sent an approach that explores the development of interactive stories specific to users that documents their journey through a physical site via a tangible artefact – The Abbot’s Book. We describe the Research through Design process, which in-cluded interviews with Museum and Heritage experts, and the creation of two design prototypes that acted as probes to explore the potential to provoke emo-tional, empathetic relationships with …

Webbing Clothes Moths From Pest To Opportunity: A Reflective Case Study In Interdisciplinary Design-Biology Collaborations, Chiara Tommencioni Pisapia, Bethan Highley, Miriam Ribul, Sharon Baurley, Neil C Bruce

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Abstract: This manuscript presents the first set of insights from the reflection on a case study which involved early-stage design-biology interactions in a collaboration between two PhD candidates - a designer and a biochemist - investigating the potential of the Webbing Clothes Moth enzymes to support novel approaches for the deconstruction of wool in the context of bio-based processing for the circular economy. From the interview and reflective practice on the collaboration a novel concept emerged, common sedimented ways of knowing, which we define as shared approaches that have been acquired independently through previous experiences during the lifetime of an …

Re-Imagining And Reaffirming Design Pedagogy In Response To Generative Ai Tools, Roger Whitham, Naomi Jacobs, Paul Coulton, Glynn Stockton, Joseph Lindley

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper considers how we can adapt HE design pedagogies in response to the emergence of generative AI (GenAI) tools. We focus on the authors’ own HE institution and describe our work through the first half of 2023 to understand the impact of these tools on how our students approach their work, and to adapt our design pedagogies in response. This paper includes accounts of student attitudes to these tools, and the outcomes of our own experimentation with contemporary GenAI tools (ChatGPT4, MidJourney5). We identify 12 challenges for design pedagogy that span assessment, student learning and teaching deliver which our …

Power Signifiers: The Subtle Forms Of Power In Design Practice With Marginalized Craft Communities, Seher Tabasum Mirza

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses how craft practice may offer empowerment strategies for critically reflective spaces, that allow for social transformation, using the case of traditional textile communities of women in rural Pakistan where development opportunities are limited. It uses the reflective practice of its design researcher, to explore established power relations, and search for new dialogues that build meaningful relationships for creating new forms of power in interrelated social, development and design contexts. This practice-based discussion contends with the embedded layers of power arising from social constructs and those extending beyond. A combined methodology, ‘Power Signifiers’ is presented as a critically …

Visioning And Managing Change: Analyzing Strategic Designers' Approaches In Salient Podcast Episodes, Ruchita Arvind Mandhre, G. Mauricio Mejía, Wenqi Zheng, Kendon Jung, Xueting Wu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Strategic design considers strategy as the core deliverable of practice, where designers are intentional about creating change. However, there is limited research that reveals change as a deliverable in these projects. The purpose of this study is to understand how experienced practitioners do strategic design and to identify their approaches for behavioral, organizational, and social change intentionally. With many experienced strategic designers invited to podcast shows, we analyzed the content of salient podcast episodes. This qualitative study uncovers themes, methods and approaches that expert strategic designers use to implement intentional change. We found that strategic designers embed themselves in particular …

Beyond Human-Centered Empathy: Tools And Techniques To Engage Curiosity, Cassini Nazir

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Empathy has long held a central role in design. However, when exploring more-than-human design, empathy has definite limits. We feel empathy primarily toward humans. Our empathy may also extend to certain animals and few, if any, objects. This paper will explore the limits of empathy and argue that cultivating curiosity is a necessary first step in a more-than-human design approach. It introduces techniques to develop curiosity and offers ways to make our curiosity more durable. It will then trace the linguistic roots of care, an etymological ancestor to curiosity, and argue that care is also necessary. Because care is fostered …

Advancing Maternal Health: Development And Implementation Of A Cognitive Computing Model To Predict Unplanned Obstetric Readmissions Within A Multi-Campus Academic Healthcare System, Glenn Robert Doty

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This study aims to develop and validate an OB-readmission cognitive computing model for identifying women at elevated risk of unplanned readmissions after childbirth. The model intends to assist healthcare providers in identifying vulnerable patients and implementing targeted interventions and strategies to reduce readmission rates, improve patient outcomes, and optimize resource utilization.

A comprehensive analysis of relevant literature identified key predictors associated with postpartum readmissions, including maternal age, race and ethnicity, medical comorbidities, obstetric diagnoses and complications, treatment and diagnostic modalities, socioeconomic status, and previous hospitalizations. These factors were incorporated into the proposed OB predictive model, which was based on the …

A Comparison Of Icare And Goldmann Applanation Tonometry Measurements During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study, Shreya Swaminathan, Amber M. Kisielewski, M. Hossein Nowroozzadeh, Shahin Hallaj, Daniel Lee, Natasha N. Kolomeyer, Jonathan S. Myers, Reza Razeghinejad

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE: To evaluate factors associated with differences in intraocular pressure (IOP) readings between iCare and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in established glaucoma patients.

METHODS: This retrospective comparative study included clinical data of 350 eyes from 350 established glaucoma patients who had iCare and GAT IOP measured by an ophthalmic technician and a glaucoma specialist, respectively. The main outcome measure was the difference in IOP measurements of the right eyes with iCare and GAT.

RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between GAT and iCare was 0.90. The mean IOP difference between tonometers was - 0.18 ± 2.89 mmHg. Bland-Altman plots indicated …

A Study On The Relationship Between Ai Anxiety And Ai Behavioral Intention Of Secondary School Students Learning English As A Foreign Language, Fangchen Wen, Yushun Li, Ying Zhou, Xin An, Qinghua Zou

Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange (JETDE)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides new tools and approaches for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning, yet it also brings new risks and challenges, such as AI anxiety. With the gradual adoption of AI in EFL learning, AI anxiety has brought about a variety of issues. In order to help educators understand students’ concerns and promote the use of AI for secondary school students’ EFL learning, this study took the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and relevant aspects of AI anxiety as the theoretical foundation. Subsequently, this study analyzed the situation of AI anxiety among secondary …

Ani175.1 Activities Doc Example 1, Sae University College

Exemplars

ANI175.1 student exemplar of completed Activities docuentation.

Gad213 Designing Game Systems, Sae University College

Exemplars

Exemplar of GAD213.1: game design activities and design documentation for a combat system.

Genocide Memorialization Through Law In Bosnia And Herzegovina: Reconciling The Irreconcilable?, Carna Pistan

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

This article focuses on the law banning genocide denial and other war crimes and the glorification of convicted war criminals imposed in Bosnia and Herzegovina by the former High Representative Valentin Inzko in mid-2021 to facilitate the country’s reconciliation process. It first positions the genocide denial ban into the vast category of memory laws by examining its content and scope, as well as the reactions and consequences it has provoked up to now. The article maintains that an internationally imposed memory law cannot create reconciliation in a deeply divided society. It shows, on the contrary, that the imposed legislation has …

In Their Own Words: Lgbtqia Plus Stigma In Secondary School, Erin Stevenson, Greg Sandman

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

LGBTQIA+ youth often face stigma from society as they develop their personal identities. In the United States, legislation has recently been focusing on reducing protections in schools for queer youth and limiting access to resources like gender affirming healthcare. Youth have increasingly been targeted for identifying as queer and have experienced verbal and physical violence for expressing their gender identities. Research links stigmatization with increased mental health and substance use problems. However, there is limited information on how stigma experienced during adolescence may continue to impact young adults over time. Using a qualitative retrospective framework, LGBTQIA+-identified undergraduates (N = 8) …