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Congenital Rubella Syndrome And Its Postoperative Visual Outcome A Prospective Longitudinal Study In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Smiti Rani Srivastava, Jayeeta Mazumder, Mahesh Chattopadhyay

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Congenital rubella syndrome is a threatening consequence of rubella infection in pregnancy characterized by the triad of cardiac, ocular & hearing defects. The morbidity and financial load associated with congenital rubella syndrome have an adverse effect on the quality of life.

AIMS and OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the postoperative visual outcome of congenital rubella cataract and assessment of the immediate postoperative complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Institution-based longitudinal prospective observational study was carried out among 21 patients aged 1 month to 6 years of both sex groups with congenital rubella cataract. A single surgeon performed phacoaspiration and anterior vitrectomy. Intraocular lens …

Transparency In Peer Review – Is This An Emerging Trend?, Harpreet Kour, Punnya Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Ophthalmomyiasis Externa Caused By, Sangameshwarayya B. Salimath, Shruti M. Agadi, Brijesh A. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

External Ophthalmomyiasis caused by

Oestrus ovis

is the most common cause of human myiasis worldwide. Distinguishing it from other causes is important to prevent sight-threatening complications. Two patients present with pain, redness, and foreign-body sensation in affected eye. Motile larvae were seen on slit-lamp examination later diagnosed as

O. ovis

infestation on microbiological examination. Larvae were removed and patients were started on topical antibiotics, lubricating eye drops, and systemic antihistaminics and followed up for 3 weeks. Improvement was observed within 1 week of treatment. Early diagnosis will help to know the possibility of internal ophthalmomyiasis.

Effects Of Fixed Twin-Block And Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device On Mandibular Third Molar Angulation – A Comparative Study, Pooja Milind Tendulkar, Tejashri Pradhan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Fixed functional appliances such as fixed twin-block (FTB) and forsus fatigue resistant device (FRD) improve Class II skeletal relationships by increasing the length of the mandible, which subsequently leads to an increase in the retromolar space. This would bring about a positional and angular change in the mandibular third molar. These appliances also produce forward movement of the mandibular buccal segments, which has also been cited as an important factor providing space and therefore improving the angulation and eruption potential of the third molars.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate and compare the effects of FTB and forsus FRD treatment on mandibular …

Comparison Of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome And Normal Cases Undergoing Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery In A Tertiary Health-Care Center In Eastern India, Suprava Das, Swati Samant, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Lipika Mehra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome has been known to be a genetically inherited syndrome which generally affects the population above 50 years of age. It further increases the chances of complications during cataract surgery.

AIM:

In our study, we aim to compare the results of manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in PXF eyes and controls and report the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes (up to 6 weeks) in both groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a prospective, observational, nonrandomized study, which was conducted in the ophthalmology department in a tertiary hospital in Eastern India from February 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019. …

Sick Sinus Syndrome And Hyperthyroidism A Rare Phenomenon, Nitesh Kumar, Diwakar Verma, Kapil Gupta, Madhu Kiran, Prakarti Yadav, Shatrughan Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Cardiovascular complications play a very crucial part in hyperthyroidism and increased mortality and morbidity risk. Besides tachyarrhythmia, impaired systolic ventricular dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction may cause thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy in a small percentage of the patients, as another high mortality complication. Bradycardia in hyperthyroidism is a rare phenomenon which is associated with the sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular node dysfunction, and conduction disturbance, or due to the effect of the drugs, i.e. beta-blockers. A 70-year-old female patient was brought to the emergency department with the history of feeling dizziness, lightheadedness, and bradycardia. While waiting in emergency, she had an episode of syncope, …

Photokeratitis Following Exposure To Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps During The Covid Pandemic, Suprava Das, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Deergha Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Twelve patients presented with symptoms of pain, redness, watering, and photophobia following exposure to germicidal ultraviolet (UV) lamp. Anterior segment examination showed varying degrees of ciliary congestion and superficial corneal punctate epithelial erosions in all patients. Diagnosis of post-UV photokeratitis was made. Patients were treated with topical antibiotics and artificial lubricating drops. All patients were symptom free 1 week following presentation. The use of standard protective gear and closely following manufacturer guidelines can prevent such complications.

Value Of Self-Assessment As A Learning Tool In Dental Education And Practice A Descriptive Study, Sunila Bukanakere Sangappa, Radha Madhavi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Self-assessment (SA) skills are integral to lifelong learning process as they are a mode to share educational responsibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the dental undergraduate student's perception, practice of SA, and its impact over their academic and clinical performance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among 444 dental students regarding practice of SA in their academic and clinical practice across all the years for a period of 3 months. Data were collected by a pilot-tested self-administered structured questionnaire adopting convenient sampling and analyzed using SPSS Version 22 Software.

RESULTS:

Mean score …

Mobile Application-Assisted Observation Of Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses In A Tertiary Care Center A Cross-Sectional Study, A Malini, B Bhuvaneshwari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Improper hand hygiene (HH) practices are responsible for nearly 40% of health care-associated infections (HCAIs). Good HH measures are the most cost-effective means of reducing its incidence. Health-care workers (HCWs) play an important role in reducing HCAI by adhering to HH and intensive care unit protocols.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge regarding HH among nurses using a questionnaire and to assess compliance to the WHO's “My five moments of hand hygiene” among nurses using a mobile application (App).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center conducted …

Correlation Between Cigarette Smoking And Raised Intraocular Pressure In Males, Sushmita Mukherji, Soumen Karmakar, Sibaji Dasgupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Smoking is one of the most important risk factors both in systemic as well as ocular diseases. Its role in pathogenesis of ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma has been proposed, but there remains a controversy in the study results. Our aim is to find any association between cigarette smoking and raised intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 60 male subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-one were selected using simple random sampling, had raised IOP, among which 17 were smokers. Two-nine matched subjects had normal IOP, with 11 smokers among …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

Transrectal Ultrasonography And Biopsy Of The Prostate, R. B. Nerli, Manas Sharma, Shridhar C. Ghagane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

When compared to other solid organ malignancies, the diagnosis of prostate cancer is not reliant on imaging findings alone. Men found to have abnormal digital rectal examination findings, raised serum prostate-specific antigen levels, or both are subjected to prostate biopsy to arrive at a diagnosis. Since its introduction in the 1970s, Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) plays a vital role in the diagnostic pathway to guide prostatic biopsy. However, many men are subjected to unnecessary biopsies, leading to a diagnosis of clinically-indolent cancer or occasionally missing a focus of clinically significant disease. Currently, TRUS-guided prostate biopsy performed under local anesthesia is in …

Performing Tracheostomy On Covid-19 Pediatric Patients At Intensive Care Unit Our Experiences, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is posing unprecedented challenges among health-care workers for managing the pediatric tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and posttracheostomy care are considered as high-risk procedures for contamination of health-care workers and other patients of the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the details of pediatric tracheostomy including patients' profile, surgical steps, complications, and precautions by health-care workers at the ICU of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study in which 18 COVID-19 pediatric patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy …

An Intervention-Based Study To Assess The Acceptability And Effectiveness Of A Breast Health Awareness Program Among Rural Women Of Southern Haryana, India, Avinash Surana, Rakesh Tank, D. R. Rajesh, Abhishek Singh, Vikas Gupta, Deepika Agrawal, Virender Kumar Chhoker

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in India and improving breast cancer awareness among women has shown to overcome the barriers related to diagnosis and treatment. Although breast self-examination (BSE) being quite easy and fast procedure, it a matter of debate that in limited-resource settings, it could be implemented or not, and hence, the present study was conducted to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a breast health awareness program among rural women.

Methods:

The present prospective interventional study was conducted for a duration of 12 months among 270 rural women in the age group of 30–59 …

Validity Of The Ind Isodyno Isokinetic Dynamometer Maximum Peak Angular Torque Measure For Right Knee Joint Flexion And Extension Movement, Shubhankar S. Mahapure, Neeraj A. Athavale, Ashok K. Shyam, Parag K. Sancheti, Akshay S. Nirgude, Niranjan R. Bhore

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer is a newly designed dynamometer to measure the isokinetic strength of the knee joint. It is a cost-effective, clinically feasible, and easily available dynamometer which manifests its benefits over the preexisting one.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer with respect to maximum peak angular torque.

Settings and Design:

Criterion-related validity (concurrent validity).

Materials and Methods:

We considered IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer as an index test and TecnoBody IsoMove isokinetic dynamometer as our reference standard. In this study, we assessed the validity of the IND IsoDyno …

Awareness About Donning And Doffing Of Personal Protective Equipment Among Doctors Working In A Fever Clinic Of West Bengal, Ankita Mishra, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Kuntala Ray, Raghunath Misra, Mausumi Basu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Fever clinics were established across the country for screening of patients suggestive of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The doctors posted in these clinics were provided with personal protective equipment (PPE) for their protection. Improper use of these equipment may result in infection.

Objectives:

The objective is to assess the awareness of doctors posted at fever clinic regarding donning and doffing of PPE.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from May to June 2020 on doctors posted at the fever clinic of Sambhunath Pandit Hospital, Kolkata by census method using a predesigned, pretested structured questionnaire (Google form). …

Cross-Sectional Study Of Awareness Toward Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Kumaun Region Of Uttarakhand, Thakkar Hemaben, Sujan Singh, Poonam Kumari, Mohd. Maroof, Maneesh Bhatt

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. Being highly contagious in nature, it has become a major concern for healthcare profession.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study is to assess the medical students' awareness regarding risk perception, disease transmission, and prevention of COVID-19 and to study their source of information and activities affected by lockdown.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted an online, descriptive cross-sectional study in April–May 2020, using WhatsApp Messenger. Medical students of 1

st

-year and 3

rd

-year (posted in community medicine department) …

Prostate-Specific Antigen An Overview And Its Current Status In The Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Siddalingeshwar Neeli, Manas Sharma, Abhijit Musale

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), which has high organ specificity and poor cancer specificity, has been widely utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer; though it is not an ideal tumor marker. Its extensive usage in screening programs has resulted in a large number of unwanted biopsies, over-diagnosis and over-treatment of indolent cancers as well. Hence, various PSA derivatives and PSA-based tests have evolved to improve the accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis. This article provides an overview of PSA and PSA-based biomarkers and their current role in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Onlay Preputial Flap Urethroplasty For Children With Mid- Or Proximal Penile Hypospadias With Chordee, R. B. Nerli, Priyeshkumar Patel, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Sushant Deole, Sreeharsha Nutalapati, Murigendra B. Hiremath, Neeraj S. Dixit

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

We report our results of preputial flap onlay urethroplasty for the one-stage repair of mid- and proximal penile hypospadias with chordee.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed the hospital data base for children undergoing onlay flap urethroplasty and hypospadias repair for mid- or proximal penile hypospadias with chordee.

Results:

During the study period January 2000–December 2017, 21 children underwent onlay preputial flap urethroplasty. The procedure was successful in 15 (71.42%) children with no need to undergo further procedures or operations. There were five urethrocutaneous fistulas and dehiscence of glans in one.

Conclusions:

An onlay urethroplasty using the preputial flap …

Anaemia Among Adolescents A Community-Based Study Using Cluster Sampling In Villages Under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre, Bangalore Urban District, Avita Rose Johnson, Cency Baburajan, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India has the largest adolescent population in the world, the majority of whom reside in rural areas. Anemia is one of the top five causes of morbidity among adolescents.

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescents aged 10–19 years residing in a rural area.

Methods:

Community-based, cross-sectional study in 25 villages and one town under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre (PHC), Bangalore Urban District. Two-staged cluster sampling was done. The interview schedule for sociodemographic details, diet, and physical activity was administered. Nutritional status was estimated by body mass index-for-age. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using …

Evaluation Of Sleep-Disordered Breathing By Level 1 Polysomnography In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Anusha Chittapur Madhusoodan, Gajanan S. Gaude, Bhagyashri Santosh Patil, Jyothi Hattiholi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Sleep Disordered Breathing has become one of the primary causes of mortality in especially obese individuals owing to the modern lifestyle

Material and methods:

60 patients coming to outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital with Epworth sleepiness scale between 8 to 24 representing increasing levels

Results:

There were 60 (34 males and 26 females) subjects with mean age 56.45±12.51years and BMI 28.7±3.1. 16, 9, 22 subjects had mild, moderate

Conclusions:

OSA predominantly affects middle aged men who are overweight with many having high neck circumference. Severe OSA patients had longer.

The Immunity Boosting Circus, Jessica Philip

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak Effective Containment Need And Scope Of Information Network And Risk Communication, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak continues to increase in terms of caseload and geographical distribution and the attributed deaths worldwide. Even though, the public health authorities should aim for the strengthening of all the domains, an extremely crucial element of the response plan has to be designing a risk communication system, which is in place for ensuring that correct information is delivered to the community in real-time. In order to respond to this concern, the World Health Organization has designed an information network for epidemics, which is an innovative tool and plays a defining role in ensuring the provision of …

Ocular Manifestations In Patients With Diabetes With End-Stage Renal Disease, Nagbhushan Chougule, Umesh Harakuni, Rolika Bansal, Lisa Sunny

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

PURPOSE:

Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of kidney failure and end-stage kidney disease. The present study was undertaken to find ocular changes and complications associated with diabetic end-stage kidney disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A 1-year cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of ophthalmology at a tertiary care hospital in South India between January 2008 and December 2008 on 50 patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing renal hemodialysis. Patients were subjected to general physical examination, systemic examination, and ocular examination. Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and detailed examination of anterior and posterior segments were assessed.

RESULTS:

Male (74%) preponderance …

Role Of Sonourethrography In The Evaluation Of Anterior Urethral Stricture A 1-Year Hospital-Based Observational Study, Bibi Ayesha Pathan, S. I. Neeli, D. B. Udoshi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Urethral stricture is a pathology involving the anterior urethra. The parameters to the surgical approach are precise measurement of stricture length and spongiofibrosis. Retrograde urethrography (RGU) is considered as the gold standard investigation. Its limitations are poor definition of stricture length and the detection of spongiofibrosis. Sonourethrography (SUG) detects stricture and accurately measures length and spongiofibrosis.

AIM:

The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of SUG in the evaluation of anterior urethral strictures.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

The study design involves hospital-based 1-year observational study.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

One-year prospective observational study was conducted in the Department …

Jaffe's Kinetic Method Comparison Between Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry Standardized Versus Nonstandardized Method, Girish Konasagara Shanthaveeranna, Anitha Devanath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Serum creatinine is estimated by several methods in different laboratories, having varying degrees of bias and imprecision, leading to different values across the laboratories with the same sample. To reduce the interlaboratory variations in creatinine assay, creatinine standardization program was established by the National Kidney Disease Education Program Laboratory Working Group and recommended that creatinine calibration should be done with material traceable to an Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) reference measurement procedure.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:

To compare the serum creatinine estimated by CRE (calibration nonstandardized IDMS with correction factor) and CRE2 (standardized to IDMS) method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The …

Pharmacist-Led Intervention On Adverse Events Following Immunization At A Tertiary Care Hospital A Randomized Controlled Study, Nagel Baptist Menezes, Shashikala Wali, Madiwalayya Shivakantayya Ganachari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

An adverse event following immunization (AEFI) is defined as “any untoward medical occurrence which follows immunization and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the usage of the vaccine.” Pharmacists who do not administer vaccines also have a role in promoting the importance of immunization in other ways, which include: (1) history and screening of patients, (2) patient counseling, (3) documentation, (4) formulary management, (5) administrative measures, and (6) public education and awareness.

AIMS:

This study aimed to assess AEFI and record and report AEFIs.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Forty-seven individuals were screened and randomized into two groups. …

Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Toward Dengue Fever Among Residents In Raichur, Ashok G. Mahendraker, Amal Balakrishnakurup Kovattu, Shiv Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Dengue, which is caused by any one of the four-related viruses transmitted by mosquitoes, is a leading cause of illness and death in the tropics and subtropics.

OBJECTIVE:

This study was designed with the objective of assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward dengue fever.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The survey questionnaire on the KAP of dengue among the residents of Raichur was completed by 100 respondents.

RESULTS:

The average score percentage of knowledge of respondents (84.4%) regarding dengue falls into good response level under the scoring system (59%–77.35%) and that of practice of respondents (22.5%) falls into poor response …

Evaluation Of Knowledge And Perceptions Among Medical Undergraduate Students Toward Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) In Southern Haryana, India A Cross-Sectional Study, Abhishek Singh, Ram Kumar Panika, Avinash Surana, Vikas Gupta, Pooja Goyal, Mitasha Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The year 2019–2020 has seen a worldwide pandemic resulting from corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can result in illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Hence, this global health crisis of COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to investigate the level of knowledge and perceptions among undergraduate medical students.

METHODS:

This prospective, web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 undergraduate medical students after obtaining informed consent during April 2020 using a 28-items structured questionnaire with close ended responses based on World Health Organization course materials and was distributed using Google forms. All the tests …