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Polycentric Islamic Finance: Authority, Law, And Structured Differentiation In A Global System, Muhammad Saarim Ghazi

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Economics and Administration

Islamic finance has long been guided by an aspiration toward harmonization, with standardization and regulatory alignment viewed as pathways to coherence across jurisdictions and institutions. However, persistent variation in governance structures, interpretive approaches, and financial practices suggests that convergence has not been fully realized. This paper reconceptualizes variation not as a residual outcome of incomplete harmonization, but as a structurally generated feature of the system.
Drawing on a conceptual framework of polycentric authority, the study argues that Islamic finance operates through multiple, overlapping centers of decision-making, including transnational standard-setting bodies, national regulators, institutional Shari'ah boards, and market actors. Within this …

Literature Review Of Zero-Leverage Firms: A Text-Mining Approach, Md. Abul Kalam Azad, Paolo Saona, Laura Muro, Mehedi Hasan Ifti, Chowdhury Noushin Novera

Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Economics and Administration

Purpose: While zero-leverage firms have been studied individually, comprehensive literature reviews exploring their research streams and future directions remain scarce. This study addresses this gap by conducting the first review of the zero-leverage puzzle utilizing a hybrid bibliometric and text-mining approach. This methodological framework systematically categorizes established research streams and identifies future research directions on this topic.
Methodology: The study employs a hybrid approach, combining bibliometric analysis with text mining to efficiently analyze unstructured textual data. A full-text analysis of 56 publications from the Web of Science (WoS) database is conducted using R programming and VOSviewer software. Additionally, the data …

How Psychological Capital Promotes Student Flourishing: Mediating Effects Of Career Adaptability And Study Engagement, Sana Nisar, Adnan Adil, Sultan Shujja, Samina Rashid

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

In today’s rapidly evolving academic and occupational landscape, understanding the psychological resources that support student well-being is critical. This study investigates the predictive role of academic psychological capital (PsyCap) in fostering flourishing among Pakistani university undergraduates, specifically identifying the mediating mechanisms of career adaptability and study engagement. Grounded in career construction theory and the JD-R model, the research contributes to theory by positioning PsyCap as a key personal resource that facilitates adaptive capacity and meaningful engagement. Data from 350 undergraduates in public-sector universities were analyzed using path analysis. Results revealed that PsyCap significantly predicted flourishing (β = .35, p …

452 City Island Llc V. Avila

All Decisions

In this nonpayment proceeding, Respondent moved to dismiss on the ground that the building was occupied in violation of the Multiple Dwelling Law because an illegal basement apartment had been created without a permit, and two DOB violations issued in 2009 remained open. The court granted the motion, holding that where a building has been altered so that the I-card is no longer accurate, MDL § 302's rent-collection bar is automatically triggered and the landlord's discontinuation of the illegal occupancy is insufficient to cure the violation.

The Self-Identified Strategies Of Asynchronous Writing Tutors, Eric C. Camarillo

The Writing Center Journal

This study explores the self-identified strategies of asynchronous writing tutors, focusing on how they provide feedback in an online environment. The research addresses the underexplored area of asynchronous writing tutoring, which is often marginalized due to its perceived lack of interpersonal interaction. Through semi-structured interviews and screen recordings of seven writing tutors from three different institutions, the study identifies key strategies employed by tutors. These strategies include managing workloads, relying on intuition, building rapport with students, and seeking support from other tutors. The findings highlight the complexity and labor-intensive nature of asynchronous tutoring, emphasizing the need for thoughtful evaluation and …

“Like Learning To Play Chess”: Relationality And The Development Of Interpersonal Communication Skills In Writing Center Consultants, Kara Poe Alexander

The Writing Center Journal

This study explores how writing center consultants develop interpersonal communication (IPC) skills through relational interactions during peer tutoring sessions. Grounded in the theoretical framework of relationality, which views learning as emerging through relationships, I analyze interviews with undergraduate and graduate consultants at a private R1 university. The findings demonstrate that one-on- one conferences foster a broad spectrum of IPC skills, including adaptability, listening, intercultural communication, asking questions, building rapport, giving constructive criticism, setting boundaries, empathizing, and patience. The development of these knowledge and skills is cultivated through collaborative, meaning-making interactions with writers. As such, writing centers emerge as dynamic, relationship-driven …

Where Do Ai Coding Agents Fail? An Empirical Study Of Failed Agentic Pull Requests In Github, Ramtin Ehsani, Sakshi Pathak, Shriya Rawal, Abdullah Al Mujahid, Mia Mohammad Imran, Preetha Chatterjee

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

AI coding agents are now submitting pull requests (PRs) to software projects, acting not just as assistants but as autonomous contributors. As these agentic contributions are rapidly increasing across real repositories, little is known about how they behave in practice and why many of them fail to be merged. In this paper, we conduct a large-scale study of 33k agent-authored PRs made by five coding agents across GitHub. (RQ1) We first quantitatively characterize merged and not-merged PRs along four broad dimensions: 1) merge outcomes across task types, 2) code changes, 3) CI build results, and 4) review dynamics. We observe …

Sar Moving Target Detection With Colorized Subaperture Imagery Via Graph Partitioning, Grant Mason

Theses

One of the first steps within an automatic target recognition (ATR) system is to locate and then discriminate the desired moving target from from stationary clutter of the image. Due to the image formation processing, the detection of slow moving targets is a challenging problem with single phase center radar systems. If the Doppler shift due to target’s radial velocity is insufficient to displace it from the endo-clutter region then the signature must compete with generally brighter background rather than the power to noise floor in the exo-clutter region. Many commercial satellite vendors now provide long-dwell mode collections to create …

Fort Hays State University Tiger Weekly, July 31, 2026, University Relations

Tiger Weekly Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Water Dogs-Master Gardener Driven Landscape Water And Soil Conservation Program, Sarah J Browning, Kelly Feehan, Nicole Stoner, Roch Gaussion, Elizabeth Exstrom, John Fech, David Lott

Journal of Extension

``Set it and forget it'' is a common practice with automatic irrigation systems and can lead to excessive irrigation, unhealthy root systems, and water waste. The Water Dogs program in Nebraska focuses on educating Extension Master Gardener volunteers (EMGVs). The goal was to increase their understanding of turfgrass water needs, efficient irrigation methods, and soil health management practices, and to promote greater engagement of EMGVs with homeowner audiences to share and demonstrate the knowledge gained and practices learned through ``Neighbor-to-Neighbor'' workshops. The overall goal is to conserve water and improve soil and plant health.

Before The Gravestones: Uncovering The Past Of The Jonesville Historic African American Cemetery, Najiyah Williams

Proceedings of the annual meeting of the Southern Anthropological Society

This research investigates the Jonesville Cemetery, a historic African American cemetery located on the Dobbins Air Reserve Base in Marietta, Georgia. Once a cemetery to a thriving freedman town, the Jonesville Cemetery was neglected for decades. Even though the cemetery is currently being maintained through joint volunteer effort between military personnel and community members, the cemetery still sits in the middle of the woods with a plethora of marked and unmarked graves. This mixture of marked and unmarked graves is also coupled with an inconsistency in the documentation of burials through death certificates. Due to years of community members coming …

Powered Parachute Vehicle For Crew Transportation On Mars, Louis J. Spier

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

To support possible future human presence on Mars where bases are likely to be spread apart, aerial vehicles could be used to transport crew and cargo between them. Designing and operating such a vehicle is very challenging because of the low atmospheric density on Mars compared to Earth, the logistics involved with transporting it to Mars, and the infrastructure necessary to operate it. This study discusses the problems involved with designing, building, and operating fixed-wing and powered parachute aircraft on Mars and presents a concept involving a powered parachute vehicle utilizing an inflatable parachute wing that can be packed together …

35th Annual Symposium: Human Rights And Cross-Border Data Flows, Connor Glendinning, Patricia Carreiro, Mark Clark, Lyrissa Barnett Lidsky

Florida Journal of International Law

The Florida Journal of International Law’s annual symposium. The two esteemed guest speakers (Patricia Carreiro & Mason Clark) today will talk about cybersecurity, privacy, and a hint of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the global stage. This event is going to proceed in three parts––each guest speaker is in turn going to give sort of a mini-lecture on a topic of specialty before we proceed into a panel conversation that is going to be moderated by Professor Lidsky.

Capacity-Based Lacp Signaling For Proportional Traffic Distribution In Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods optimize link aggregation hashing in a Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation (MC-LAG) topology in which a Customer Equipment (CE) device is dual-homed to a plurality of Provider Edge (PE) devices. Each PE device determines a capacity value representing its effective forwarding capacity, based on dynamic health metrics including core-facing Network-to-Network Interface (NNI) bandwidth, and encodes the capacity value in an optional Type-Length-Value (TLV) object carried in Link Aggregation Control Protocol Data Units (LACPDUs). The CE device parses the capacity value for each member link and programs an egress hashing engine to perform weighted load balancing, distributing flows across the …

Technical Disclosure: A Framework For Multiphase Magnetohydrodynamic And Torsional Soliton Shielding Architecture, Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

Current spacecraft shielding paradigms rely heavily on passive mass blocking, which imposes severe mass penalties and introduces dangerous secondary nucleon scattering. This paper formalizes a systematic, geometric approach to active spacecraft defense by treating the spacecraft hull, internal fluid layers, and the surrounding vacuum as a single, continuous-density oscillator matrix.

The framework is bifurcated based on operational requirements into a Segmented Air-Gap Cascading Shield with active degaussing coils for crewed configurations (Module 1A) and a lightweight Solid-State Hardening Enclosure for automated uncrewed platforms (Module 1B). Middle-layer active mitigation utilizes high-frequency Circularly Polarized Microwaves (CPM) matched to a high-performance Rogers RT/duroid® …

Detection-Conditional Multi-Agent Adversary Emulation With Autonomous Evasion-Variant Technique Substitution, Amit Singh

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein is an automated adversary-emulation (red-team) system that executes techniques mapped to the MITRE Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge (ATT&CK) framework through a live execution engine and adapts in real time based on whether each technique is detected by the target's defenses. The system combines three elements: a standardized agent context protocol used as an orchestration bus that exposes shared execution state and callable tools to role-specialized reasoning agents; real-time ingestion of endpoint detection and response (EDR), security information and event management (SIEM), and intrusion detection system (IDS) signals as structured inputs to agent reasoning; and detection-conditional, autonomous …

Tactical Cortisol-Defense Confectionery (Tcdc), Natalie M. Durdle Miss

Defensive Publications Series

This document details the formulation and technical defense of the Tactical Cortisol-Defense Confectionery (TCDC). The TCDC is a low-glycemic, heat-stable, high-protein functional gummy designed specifically to deliver critical electrolytes, adaptogenic stress-mitigation compounds, and structural bone and tissue nutrients directly to service members in the field without relying on a cold chain.

Ai-Driven Regulatory Compliance Engine With Adaptive Learning And Context-Aware Risk Prediction, Shivam Sharma

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a system for automating regulatory compliance in cross-border transactions. The system receives transaction data associated with a cross-border transaction, where the transaction data including sender information, receiver information, an amount, and currency information. The system collects contextual data based on the transaction data, the contextual data including at least one of geopolitical events or market trends. The system analyzes the transaction data and the contextual data using a context-aware risk prediction module to generate a risk score. The system parses regulatory documents using natural language processing (NLP) to identify compliance rules. The system evaluates the …

Cng-Loop: Cognitive-Neutral Grounding System (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-29 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The CNG-Loop is a physical, buildable Ultra-Low Noise Power Distribution and EMI Shielding System. It provides a "neutral ground" for sensitive multi-physics sensors by eliminating electrical noise, electromagnetic interference (EMI), and ground loops that cause data drift and instability.

In engineering terms, "Cognitive-Neutral Grounding" is implemented as Active Power Line Conditioning (APLC) combined with Ultra-Low Noise Linear Regulation and Faraday Cage Shielding. This ensures that the MMRA-2.0 and FDMS-1.0 sensors measure only real environmental signals, not electrical artifacts.

This document provides the exact specifications, Bill of Materials (BOM), schematics, and firmware logic to construct a prototype that achieves <1µV RMS noise and >80dB EMI …

Ures-2.0: Universal Resonance Envelope System (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-29 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The URES-2.0 is a physical, buildable Active Environmental Stability Platform. It creates a "stability envelope" by actively monitoring and counteracting external disturbances (vibration, thermal drift, acoustic noise, and EM interference) in real-time.

In engineering terms, the "Universal Resonance Envelope" is implemented as a Multi-Axis Active Vibration Isolation System combined with a Thermo-Acoustic Shielding Chamber. It uses sensors to detect incoming disturbances and actuators (voice coils, Peltier elements, speakers) to generate equal-and-opposite counter-forces, creating a "quiet zone" where sensitive instruments (like the MMRA-2.0 or FDMS-1.0) can operate with maximum precision.

This document provides the exact specifications, Bill of Materials (BOM), schematics, …

Vabr-2.0: Variable-Adaptive Bio-Resonance Engine (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-29 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The VABR-2.0 is a physical, buildable Multi-Modal Biopotential Acquisition and Adaptive Feedback System. It stabilizes biological signal acquisition by actively suppressing noise, drift, and interference while ensuring strict adherence to biomedical safety standards (IEC 60601-1).

In engineering terms, "Variable-Adaptive Bio-Resonance" is implemented as a High-Impedance Analog Front End (AFE) with Active Common-Mode Rejection and FPGA-based Adaptive Filtering. It captures weak biosignals (EEG, ECG, EMG, EOG) with high fidelity, processes them in real-time to remove artifacts (motion, muscle noise, power line hum), and provides safe, isolated feedback (visual, auditory, or haptic) for neurofeedback or physiological monitoring research.

This document provides the …

Sentinel-Av-2.0: Aerial-Vibration Stabilization Engine (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-29 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The Sentinel-AV-2.0 is a physical, buildable Active Aerial Vibration Isolation and Sensor Stabilization Platform. It suppresses high-frequency drone/aircraft vibration and low-frequency flight drift to ensure that onboard sensors (MMRA-2.0, FDMS-1.0, ONRS-2.0) maintain "clarity" and stability during flight.

In engineering terms, "Aerial-Vibration Stabilization" is implemented as a Two-Stage Hybrid System:

1. Passive Isolation: A tuned Wire-Rope Isolator or Negative-Stiffness Mount that mechanically decouples the sensor payload from the airframe, filtering high-frequency motor/propeller noise (>20Hz).

2. Active Stabilization: A 3-Axis Brushless Gimbal controlled by an FPGA-based Sensor Fusion Engine (IMU + Gyro) that actively counteracts low-frequency drift and aircraft attitude changes, keeping the …

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Arg-Cm-2.0: Cognitive-Mapping Reinforcement Engine (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-29 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The ARG-CM-2.0 is a physical, buildable Real-Time Multi-Sensor Spatial Mapping and Localization Core. It generates stable, drift-free 3D maps of environments by fusing data from LiDAR, visual cameras, IMUs, and ultrasonic sensors using Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithms accelerated on an FPGA.

In engineering terms, "Cognitive-Mapping Reinforcement" is implemented as a Tightly-Coupled Sensor Fusion Engine. It correlates geometric data (LiDAR/Depth) with semantic data (Visual) and inertial motion (IMU) to create a unified "cognitive map" that remains stable even when individual sensors fail (e.g., visual dropout in low light, LiDAR glare in smoke). This ensures "mapping drift" is suppressed to …

Crfg-1r-2.0: Cross-Resonance Fusion Grid (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-29 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The CRFG-1R-2.0 is a physical, buildable High-Performance Multi-Modal Sensor Fusion Core. It acts as the central "brain" of the ecosystem, ingesting synchronized data streams from all other engines (MMRA, FDMS, ONRS, VABR, etc.) and fusing them into a unified, time-aligned state estimate using FPGA-accelerated Kalman Filtering and Deep Sensor Fusion algorithms.

In engineering terms, "Cross-Resonance Fusion" is implemented as a Deterministic Data Fusion Engine. It solves the "fusion drift" problem (where unaligned sensors produce contradictory data) by enforcing microsecond-level hardware synchronization and covariance intersection to weigh conflicting sensor inputs based on real-time confidence metrics. This ensures that the output "clarity" …

Fdms-1.0: Field-Dynamic Mapping System (Physical Prototype Edition) Date: 2026-07-28 Status: Open-Hardware • Builder-Grade • Test-Bench Ready, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

The FDMS-1.0 is a physical, buildable multi-sensor fusion and environmental mapping node. It synchronizes data from acoustic, thermal, optical, electromagnetic (EM), and fluidic sensors to create a high-resolution, time-aligned map of environmental conditions.

This system does not manipulate "fields" in a metaphysical sense; rather, it measures, correlates, and visualizes measurable physical phenomena (temperature gradients, sound pressure, light intensity, air flow, and EM noise) to support research in dementia care, environmental stability and early wildfire detection.

This document provides the exact specifications, Bill of Materials (BOM), schematics, and FPGA/ARM firmware logic required to construct a functioning prototype. It replaces conceptual terms …

Service-Scoped Route Target Constraint For Multi-Service Bgp Vpn Networks, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A mechanism is disclosed for qualifying Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Route Target Constraint (RTC) membership advertisements with the virtual private network (VPN) service type or types to which the membership applies. An optional non-transitive BGP path attribute, referred to as the RT Service Scope attribute, carries a 32-bit field in which each bit position represents one VPN service type such as Layer 3 VPN (L3VPN), Ethernet VPN (EVPN), virtual private LAN service auto-discovery (VPLS-AD), multicast VPN (MVPN), or VPN flow specification. A route reflector (RR) or provider edge (PE) router that receives the attribute filters VPN route distribution toward that …

Benefits And Risks Of Consuming Cannabis Sativa L. In Food, Ewa Matyjaszczyk, Maria Śmiechowska

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Cannabis sativa L. or hemp is a cosmopolitan, multi-purpose plant and area of its cultivation has been growing in recent years. Its public perception is influenced by potential to produce narcotic substances. However, hemp seed can be a valuable source of nutrients for humans and may be of particular interest in more sustainable food consumption patterns, including vegetarian and flexitarian diets.

The paper presents benefits and risks of hemp seeds in case of their consumption in food. Low cannabinoids varieties are considered only. The biological activity of cannabinoids and related effects are considered out of scope of the study.

Nutritional …

The Effects Of Jasmine And Champaca Aromatherapy Combined With Acupressure On Sleep Quality In Older Adults With Non-Communicable Diseases: A Quasi-Experimental Study In Rural Northern Thailand, Sriwan Chutithamniti, Katekaew Seangpraw, Prapaporn Tulwattanakul, Manuchet Manotham, Parichat Ong-Artborirak, Nestor Asiamah, Wannita Sakulwattana, Surangkana Chairinkam, Phatcharee Pimalram, Wichida Larsomsri

Journal of Health Research

Background: Poor sleep is common among older adults and negatively affects physical and mental health. This study evaluated the effects of jasmine and champaca essential oil aromatherapy combined with acupressure on sleep quality and cardiovascular parameters among older adults.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in rural Phayao, Thailand. Older adults aged ≥60 years with non-communicable diseases and poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI] > 5) were assigned to either an intervention group (n = 54), receiving aromatherapy and acupressure for 6 weeks, or a control group (n = 54), receiving usual care. Sleep quality, blood pressure (BP), and …

Hiring Out-Of-Field Teachers In Urban Title I Schools In Georgia, Lakeshia Pruitt Dixon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Urban Title I schools commonly experience teacher shortages, prompting principals to hire teachers to teach content areas for which they are not certified. The problem addressed in this study was that 8% of the teachers within a large urban school district in Georgia were teaching out-of-field. Guided by Elmore’s conceptual framework of knowledge, skills, and dispositions, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the factors contributing to principals’ decisions to recommend hiring out-of-field teachers in urban Title I schools in Georgia and to examine the support available for those teachers to meet certification requirements. Semistructured interviews were …

Public Responses About Air Quality In The World’S Ten Most Populous Countries, Noah Lim, Alessandro Del Ponte, Lina Ang, Wei Jie Seow

Political Science Faculty Articles and Research

Understanding how people view and react to outdoor air quality is crucial to effectively managing and responding to air pollution, which is a major threat to global public health. Using a quota sample of 10,618 respondents from 1,372 localities across the world’s ten most populous countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Indonesia, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, and the United States), we assessed the association between exposure to fine particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and people’s knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, practices, and concern about air quality. Overall, we find an inverse association between air pollution exposure and knowledge about air …