Digital Commons Network^™

Effectiveness Is Not A Criterion Here: The Curriculum Marketplace And The Students It Leaves Behind, Serena E. Roche

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

No abstract provided.

The Russians Are Coming, Or Maybe The Soviets Are Already Here, Kevin Finnerty

Yalobusha Review

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Cooled Turbine Efficiency For Off-Design Performance Models, Alberto Garcia

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Gas turbine performance modeling is essential for predicting engine behavior across design and off-design conditions. Yet the treatment of cooling or service flows remains inconsistent, as these streams interact with the main flow in complex ways and their contribution to turbine work depends on how they are represented in performance models. The challenge is especially present in “black-box” approaches, where only inlet and outlet conditions are known and engineers must decide whether to introduce cooling flows upstream (if performing useful work) or downstream (if not). This thesis examines how different definitions of isentropic power and cooling-flow treatment affect the apparent …

Light & Faith: October 2025, Taylor University

Light & Faith

No abstract provided.

Abolitionism And The Struggle Against Slavery In Livingston County, Justin Behrend Ph.D.

History

This article examines the abolitionist movement in Livingston County, New York, through the records of the Livingston County Anti-Slavery Society. It shows how this region in Western New York transformed from one where slavery was tolerated to one where people fought against slavery during the Civil War. Activists between 1837 and 1839 organized meetings to spread abolitionism and to push the United States to abolish slavery.

Editing And Proofreading Tips, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Common Grammatical Errors And Conventions In Academic Writing, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Peer Review Workshop, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Quick Guide To Using Commas, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Quick Guide To Writing Professional Emails, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Scholarly Writing Conventions, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Sentence Structure, Dawn Atkinson

Writing

No abstract provided.

Menopause Factors And Alterations In Gut Microbiota And Insulin Homeostasis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of The Microbiome And Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (Miles), Vincent J Maffei, Alain G Bertoni, Alexis C Wood, Jerome I Rotter, Osa Crago, Yii-Der I Chen, Joseph F Petrosino, Kristi L Hoffman, Mark O Goodarzi, Elizabeth T Jensen

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Aim: To assess the risk for impaired insulin homeostasis as a function of menopause-related factors and gut microbiota dysbiosis in non-diabetic, post-menopausal women.

Materials and methods: Baseline data (n = 175 women) from the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES) were used, including insulin and dysglycaemia indices calculated from a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test, untargeted peripheral metabolomics, targeted peripheral short chain fatty-acid levels and faecal bacterial microbiota surveyed by whole-metagenomic sequencing.

Results: After adjustment for covariates, menopause age < 50 years and use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were associated with lower Matsuda et al. insulin sensitivity index levels (β = -0.232, confidence interval (CI) = [-0.450, -0.014] and β = -0.275, CI = [-0.444, -0.107], respectively) but not pre-menopausal gynaecologic surgery. Pre-menopausal gynaecologic surgery was significantly associated with faecal microbiota beta diversity driven by a relative increase in diabetogenic Ruminococcus gnavus and Clostridium species and a decrease in protective Alistipes species and Akkermansia muciniphila relative abundances. A reduction in two glycerophospholipids in the plasmalogen class significantly statistically mediated an inverse association between gynaecologic surgery before menopause and insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions: Menopause age and history of HRT are more strongly associated with insulin resistance than gynaecologic surgery before menopause. However, …

Are Your Secrets Safe?: Imposing A Fiduciary Duty On Healthcare Ai Developers Dealing With Sensitive Health Information, Lauren Quinn

Fordham Law Review

In 1996, Congress passed the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) to establish standards for transmitting health information. For decades, the HIPAA Privacy Rule has operated as the primary regulation protecting health information in the United States. However, in the decades since HIPAA was enacted, new technologies have demonstrated the shortcomings of the Privacy Rule. In particular, the development of healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) has created new privacy concerns and exacerbated existing ones. This Note examines the current healthcare privacy framework in the United States and considers how healthcare AI complicates it. This Note also explores how AI developers …

Look Before You Decide: Prompting Active Deduction Of Mllms For Assumptive Reasoning, Yian Li, Wentao Tian, Yang Jiao, Jingjing Chen, Tianwen Qian, Bin Zhu, Na Zhao, Yu‑Gang Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved significant success across multiple disciplines due to their exceptional instruction-following capabilities and extensive world knowledge. However, whether these MLLMs possess human-like compositional reasoning abilities remains an open problem. To unveil their reasoning behaviors, we first curate a Multimodal Assumptive Reasoning Benchmark (MARS-Bench) in this paper. Interestingly, we find that most prevalent MLLMs can be easily fooled by the introduction of a presupposition into the question, whereas such presuppositions appear naive to human reasoning. Besides, we also propose a simple yet effective method, Active Deduction (AD), a novel reinforcement learning paradigm to encourage …

Exploring Object Status Recognition For Recipe Progress Tracking In Non-Visual Cooking, Franklin Mingzhe Li, Kaitlyn Ng, Bin Zhu, Patrick Carrington

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Cooking plays a vital role in everyday independence and well-being, yet remains challenging for people with vision impairments due to limited support for tracking progress and receiving contextual feedback. Object status — the condition or transformation of ingredients and tools — offers a promising but underexplored foundation for context-aware cooking support. In this paper, we present OSCAR (Object Status Context Awareness for Recipes), a technical pipeline that explores the use of object status recognition to enable recipe progress tracking in non-visual cooking. OSCAR integrates recipe parsing, object status extraction, visual alignment with cooking steps, and time-causal modeling to support real-time …

Viewsrd: 3d Visual Grounding Via Structured Multi-View Decomposition, Ronggang Huang, Haoxin Yang, Yan Cai, Xuemiao Xu, Huaidong Zhang, Shengfeng He

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

3Dvisual grounding aims to identify and localize objects in a 3Dspacebasedontextualdescriptions. However, existing methods struggle with disentangling targets from anchors in complex multi-anchor queries and resolving inconsisten cies in spatial descriptions caused by perspective variations. To tackle these challenges, we propose ViewSRD, a frame work that formulates 3D visual grounding as a structured multi-view decomposition process. First, the Simple Rela tion Decoupling (SRD) module restructures complex multi anchor queries into a set of targeted single-anchor state ments, generating a structured set of perspective-aware de scriptions that clarify positional relationships. These de composed representations serve as the foundation for the Multi-view …

Mitigating Cross-Modal Representation Bias For Multicultural Image-To-Recipe Retrieval, Qing Wang, Chong-Wah Ngo, Yu Cao, Ee-Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Existing approaches for image-to-recipe retrieval have the implicit assumption that a food image can fully capture the details textually documented in its recipe. However, a food image only reflects the visual outcome of a cooked dish and not the underlying cooking process. Consequently, learning cross-modal representations to bridge the modality gap between images and recipes tends to ignore subtle, recipe-specific details that are not visually apparent but are crucial for recipe retrieval. Specifically, the representations are biased to capture the dominant visual elements, resulting in difficulty in ranking similar recipes with subtle differences in use of ingredients and cooking methods. …

Emoshortcuts: Emotionally Expressive Body Augmentation For Social Mixed Reality Avatars, Hyuna Seo, Youngki Lee, Rajesh Krishna Balan, Thivya Kandappu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present EmoShortcuts1, a novel social Mixed Reality (MR) framework that enhances emotional expression by dynamically augmenting avatar body gestures to reflect users’ emotional states. While social MR enables immersive remote interactions through avatars, conveying emotions remains challenging due to limitations in head-mounted display (HMD) tracking (e.g., missing lower-body movements, such as stomping or defensive postures), and users’ tendency to deprioritize nonverbal expressions during multitasking. EmoShortcuts addresses these challenges by introducing an augmentation framework that generates expressive body gestures even when users’ physical movements are restricted. We conducted a formative study with 12 participants to identify key challenges in emotional …

Language-Driven 3d Human Pose Estimation In Multi-Person Scenarios: A New Dataset And Approach, Tingrui Shen, Bangzhen Liu, Zhirun Fan, Shiting Zhang, Weifeng Pan, Sun Fan, Dan Cao, Shengfeng He

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In an NBA game scenario, consider the challenge of locating and analyzing the 3D poses of players performing a user-specified action, such as attempting a shot. Traditional 3D human pose estimation (3DHPE) methods often fall short in such complex, multi-person scenes due to their lack of semantic integration and reliance on isolated pose data. To address these limitations, we introduce Language-Driven 3D Human Pose Estimation (L3DHPE), a novel approach that extends 3DHPE to general multi-person contexts by incorporating detailed language descriptions. We present Panoptic-L3D, the first dataset designed for L3DHPE, featuring 3,838 linguistic annotations for 1,476 individuals across 588 videos, …

Website Owner Identification Through Multi-Level Contrastive Representation Learning, Cheng Tu, Yunshan Ma, Yang Li, Min Zhang, Miao Hu, Fan Shi, Xiang Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Website owner identification aims to recognize the organization or individual who owns a given website that is served on the web. It is a crucial step for cyberspace surveying and mapping, playing a significant role in cyberspace administration and governance. Existing widely employed solutions for website owner identification mainly fall into two paradigms: (1) querying the public information databases such as WHOIS, which store the Internet resource’s registered users or assignees; and (2) directly extracting the organization or individual name of the website owner from the webpage using the technique of named entity recognition. However, the former is less reliable …

Unsupervised Visual Chain-Of-Thought Reasoning Via Preference Optimization, Kesen Zhao, Beier Zhu, Qianru Sun, Hanwang Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning greatly improves the interpretability and problem-solving abilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, existing ap proaches focus on text CoT, limiting their ability to lever age visual cues. Visual CoT remains underexplored, and the only work [35] is based on supervised fine-tuning that relies on extensive labeled bounding-box data and is hard to generalize to unseen cases. In this paper, we introduce Unsupervised Visual CoT (UV-CoT), a novel framework for image-level CoT reasoning via preference optimization. UV-CoTperforms preference comparisons between model generated bounding boxes (one is preferred and the other is dis-preferred), eliminating the need for …

Morphology-Aware Hrv Estimation From Wrist Ppg In Sedentary Scenarios, Changshuo Hu, Hung Manh Pham, Dong Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is widely used in wearable devices for non-invasive heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring. While most prior work focuses on mitigating motion artifacts, recent studies highlight that even subtle contact pressure variations can distort waveform morphology and lead to inaccurate HRV estimates. In this work, we propose a morphology-aware deep learning framework that conditions HRV estimation on beat-level waveform types. Our model jointly encodes the raw PPG waveform and a sequence of pressure-induced morphology labels using parallel encoders, integrates them via cross-attention, and predicts normal-to-normal (NN) intervals and beat count to support downstream HRV computation. Evaluated on the public …

Does Increasing Canopy Liana Density Decrease The Tropical Forest Carbon Sink?, Stefan A. Schnitzer, David M. Defilippis

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The ongoing decline in the American tropical forest carbon sink has serious ramifications for atmospheric carbon levels and global climate change. Increasing liana abundance may explain the decaying carbon sink because lianas reduce canopy tree growth and survival, which limits forest carbon storage. However, canopy lianas, not solely understory lianas, would have to be increasing for this hypothesis to be credible because canopy lianas compete especially intensely with canopy trees. We examined the change in canopy lianas over 10 years on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama to test two main hypotheses. (1) Canopy lianas are increasing on BCI. (2) Increasing …

Analyzing Sea Level Rise Scenarios Impact On The Mobility, Infrastructures, Environment Of Abu Dhabi And Defining Solutions By Creating A Digital Twin Using Gis And Game Engine, Justine Sylviane Lucie Sarrau

Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the potential impact of future sea level rise (SLR) scenarios on the city of Abu Dhabi. With climate change, many coastal towns are at risk of experiencing this type of natural hazard. Currently, no precise scenario simulations have been developed, mainly due to the use of low spatial resolution elevation data. Additionally, the difficulty in understanding the real impacts persists when analyses rely solely on traditional cartography and GIS methods. This dissertation aims to advance the field by offering a new approach, which involves creating a comprehensive dynamic 3D simulation with dynamic flowing water. This model, defined …

Parent Perspectives On Contemporary Adolescent Concerns, Allyson Worthy

Theses and Dissertations

Adolescence is a critical developmental period that marks the transition between childhood and adulthood. Psychopathology is known to emerge during this time, in which many internalizing and externalizing disorders have their onset. The assessment of adolescent psychopathology involves use of questionnaire measures to obtain perspectives from the adolescent themselves, their parents, and their teachers. Parents have been found to be especially important informants of adolescent functioning. With new challenges that arise for present-day adolescents (e.g., social media use), parents can provide insight into the different areas that need to be evaluated when assessing domains of contemporary adolescents’ development and psychopathology. …

The Science Of Sound: Studying The Cognitive, Emotional, And Physiological Effects Of Frequency, Genre, And Music, Jett Yarborough

Senior Honors Theses

Music influences emotion, physiology, and cognition, yet little is known about how the frequency it is tuned to affects these influences. Prior research has shown that music tuned to 432 Hz can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and improve sleep. My colleagues and I conducted two studies to investigate this. Our research found that music tuned to 432 Hz promotes a significant increase in memory retention and induces a state of focus and relaxation. These results suggest that shifting from the standard tuning frequency of 440 Hz to 432 Hz could have a profoundly positive impact on our daily lives. …

Integrating Ai And Generative Ai Across The Curriculum: A Look At Three Subject Areas, Angie Su, Victoria Brenes, Stephanie L. Nelson

FDLA Journal

This paper explores how artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI (GenAI) models, such as ChatGPT and other GenAI tools, can effectively integrate into mathematics, computer science, and English classrooms. Students must understand foundational AI concepts and how these technologies function to facilitate meaningful engagement with AI and GenAI. This paper provides practical strategies for math educators to introduce AI algorithms that connect with students' existing knowledge and real-life experiences. Furthermore, it examines how GenAI can enhance learning, supporting students at each stage of coding, reading, and writing. The ethical considerations of GenAI usage, including potential overuse by students, are discussed. …

The Question Not Presented: Government And Social Media Corruption After Murthy V. Missouri, Christopher Lin

Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)

No abstract provided.

The Camouflaged Canary In The Coalmine: The Seeming Erosion Of Judicial Deference To The Department Of Defense, Russell Spivak, Adam Aliano

Penn State Law Review (2003 - Present)

No abstract provided.