Digital Commons Network^™

Hybrid Model For Phishing Website Detection Using Transfer Learning, Atul Dubal, Mansi Subhedar, Santosh Dhamala, Manasi Patil

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The rapid digitization of human activities has intensified reliance on internet-based platforms, creating fertile ground for cybercriminal exploits such as phishing. Despite advancements in detection mechanisms, phishing attacks continue to evolve, leveraging sophisticated visual mimicry to deceive users. This paper proposes a robust vision-based phishing detection system using ensemble deep learning to analyse webpage screenshots. The framework integrates transfer learning with pre-trained VGG16 and DenseNet121 models, extracting complementary low-level texture features (edges, gradients) and high-level hierarchical patterns (logos, layouts). These features are fused through a custom classifier with dropout regularization to mitigate overfitting. A balanced dataset of 3,000 webpage screenshots …

Beyond The Binary: Navigating Ai’S Role In Palliative Ethics-A Review, Reebu Sara Varghese, Tijo Cherian

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Palliative care is being influenced by artificial intelligence, especially when it comes to data-related aspects. In this context, care can be enhanced in terms of the quality of its results and the level of its efficiency, particularly with the help of technological tools such as artificial intelligence, which is capable of managing different types of information in the field of health care. Such characteristics have the potential to improve the quality of patient care while at the same time reducing the workload of healthcare professionals in palliative care. However, there are considerable ethical issues that need to be addressed with …

Design Of An Economic Order Quantity–Based Dashboard For Vaccine Packaging Inventory Management, Hadi Susanto, Susmitha Canny, Alexandra Elizabeth Callistha, Shakira Dwi Purwandari, Naila Davina Aurelia

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

Background: Timely availability of vaccine packaging is critical to pharmaceutical supply chain reliability, as packaging materials play a key role in maintaining cold chain integrity during distribution. Inadequate availability of packaging materials can disrupt vaccine delivery even when finished vaccines are ready for shipment. The case company faces frequent delivery delays, insufficient safety stock, and irregular replenishment of vaccine packaging materials, which have jeopardized the organization’s target of achieving a 90% on-time delivery rate.

Objective: To design and evaluate an Economic Order Quantity (EOQ)–based inventory dashboard for vaccine packaging that standardizes ordering decisions and strengthens stock visibility in pharmaceutical distribution …

Assessing The Influence Of Land Use Land Cover Alterations On Climate Variability In Thimphu & Chhukha, Sonam Zangpo, Karma Choki, Tashi Tobgay, Phurpa Rinchen, Tandin Tshewang

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

This study examines the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and land cover (LULC) changes and their influence on local climate variability in Bhutan using an integrated geospatial and machine learning framework. LULC changes during the period 2004 to 2022 were analyzed to understand their relationship with localized climate responses. Despite increasing urbanization pressures, comprehensive assessments linking LULC dynamics with climate variability in Bhutan remain limited. Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques and Random Forest classification were used to map LULC changes, while non-parametric trend analyses (Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator) were applied to evaluate trends in key meteorological variables, including …

Understanding Waste Management Knowledge And Habits Of Senior High School Students In Lianga, Surigao Del Sur, Philippines, Arnele Mie A. Fanuga, Romy M. Avila, Reyl Justine J. Ballena

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

The effective implementation of Solid Waste Management (SWM) in educational institutions is challenged by increasing student populations, limited infrastructure, and inconsistent policy enforcement. This study assessed the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of senior high school students regarding SWM in three secondary schools in Lianga, Surigao del Sur, Philippines. Data were collected using a descriptive-correlational design from 150 students selected through quota sampling. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed significant associations between knowledge and attitude, and between attitude and practice. Knowledge scores were positively correlated across the three secondary schools. Students demonstrated a high level of awareness of the environmental and health …

ℵ-Ipomdp: Mitigating Deception In A Cognitive Hierarchy With Off-Policy Counterfactual Anomaly Detection, Nitay Alon, Joseph M. Barnby, Stefan Sarkadi, Lion Schulz, Jeffrey S. Rosenschein, Peter Dayan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Social agents with finitely nested opponent models are vulnerable to manipulation by agents with deeper recursive capabilities. This imbalance, rooted in logic and the theory of recursive modelling frameworks, cannot be solved directly. We propose a computational framework called ℵ-IPOMDP, which augments the Bayesian inference of model-based RL agents with an anomaly detection algorithm and an out-of-belief policy. Our mechanism allows agents to realize that they are being deceived, even if they cannot understand how, and to deter opponents via a credible threat. We test this framework in both a mixed-motive and a zero-sum game. Our results demonstrate the ℵ-mechanism’s …

Music As A Distraction During Reading: Music Listening Habits Of University Students, Lindsey Cooke, Craig Speelman, Ross Hollett

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Recent research indicates high proportions of individuals report they have music playing while they read. This behaviour has implications for effective comprehension, as some scholars suggest the presence of music depletes cognitive resources, resulting in a greater chance of becoming distracted. By contrast, some have claimed that listening to music can improve cognitive performance by increasing physiological arousal and improving mood. This study captured self-reported behaviours of university students regarding whether they chose to listen to music while reading for study purposes. Reasons for listening varied, with reports of increased motivation, enhanced focus, or masking external noise. The most listened …

Thorium Lung Burdens Of Norm Workers Revisited, Gregory S. Hewson, Martin I. Ralph, Marcus Cattani

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Historical thorium bioassay data collected from Australian mine workers in the 1990s, including in vivo lung counting and thoron-in-breath (TIB) measurements, were re-evaluated using current dosimetric and biokinetic models. Revised daily thorium intakes from bioassay were compared with previous estimates to assess changes in the dose profile and potential implications for contemporary operations. Reanalysis revealed lower estimates of annual dose, including the number of workers assessed as exceeding 20 mSv. However, it was found that intakes derived from industry personal air sampling (PAS) underestimated intake by up to three-fold. This study determined that sensitive bioassay techniques, such as TIB using …

“What Am I Reading This Draft For?” Using Reading Filters To Enhance Your Peer Feedback, Kaitlin Clinnin, Mellisa Huffman, Benjamin Keating

English Faculty Research

Reading is a key part of the peer feedback process, and yet how to read peer drafts often receives less attention than other stages of this process.1 As a result, students may ask, “What am I reading this draft for?” Within this question are student concerns about the rhetorical and pedagogical purposes of reading peer drafts as well as the students’ own credibility and ability to read peer work compared to other presumably more “expert” sources of feedback. The chapter helps students grasp the social and rhetorical purposes of reading for peer workshops. It then presents a set of reading …

Theoretical Analysis Of Filtering And Smoothing Techniques In Stochastic Time Series, Kaosarat Bola Azeez

Theses and Dissertations

Polynomial-preserving linear filters are fundamental tools for smoothing and trend extraction in noisy time series, particularly when the objective is to reduce short-run variation without distorting underlying low-degree structure. This thesis develops a general framework for such filters based on local polynomial approximation and least-squares estimation. In particular, we establish that the resulting estimators can be represented as symmetric linear filters whose weights satisfy moment conditions that ensure exact polynomial reproduction up to a specified degree. Building on this framework, we derive explicit coefficient vectors for several classical smoothing filters, including the Savitzky-Golay filters SG(5,2) and SG(7,3), as well as …

Investigating Phosphorus Load Trends And Driving Factors In Illinois Watersheds Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Hannah Lartey

Theses and Dissertations

Phosphorus (P) pollution in Illinois watersheds has become a significant water quality concern. Recent studies have shown increasing concentrations in streams and rivers, leading to eutrophication, which damages aquatic ecosystems and threatens human health. This study examines temporal trends in total phosphorus loads across 79 monitoring stations in Illinois from 1979 to 2020 and identifies the main environmental factors that influence P load variability. Trend analyses were conducted using the nonparametric Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope methods. GIS-based climate, hydrology, and soil property datasets were assembled for each monitoring station. These datasets were used to build machine learning models using the …

Interaction Of The Gram-Positive Human Pathogen Staphylococcus Aureus With Host Lipids, Sharanya Paul

Theses and Dissertations

Staphylococcus aureus is a prominent pathogen that is known to incorporate straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids (SCUFAs) into its lipids in addition to the normally biosynthesized branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) and straight-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Furthermore, it has recently been shown that the incorporation of oleic acid into S. aureus lipids significantly enhanced the growth of the organism at low temperatures due to the greater fluidity imparted to the membrane. Together with others in the Wilkinson and Dahl laboratory, I have shown that low-temperature growth is enhanced by various SCUFAs, including the human antimicrobial fatty acids sapienic acid, linoleic acid, and …

Bridging The Gap Between Instruction To Application: Piloting Of Trauma-Informed Care Intervention For Pre-Service Teachers, Meredith Spraggon

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined pre-service teachers’ (PSTs) knowledge, attitudes, and application of trauma-informed care (TIC) practices following a targeted training intervention designed by the researcher. The intervention included an introduction to trauma, it’s impacts on young people, key principles of TIC, recognizing the signs of trauma within the classroom and creating a trauma-informed classroom, culturally responsive TIC practices, as well as resilience factors. Participants included N = 48 undergraduate PSTs enrolled in a teacher preparation program at a large Midwestern university. Participants’ age ranged from 18 to 26 years old (M = 19.73, SD = 1.41). Slightly more than half of …

Customers' Perceptions Of Customer Service After The Covid-19 Pandemic, Marissa Young

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines how customers perceive customer service after the COVID-19 pandemic, using qualitative data from an open-ended survey to evaluate how expectations, experiences, and the meaning of service have shifted. The findings demonstrate that consumers view customer service as a holistic process influenced by interpersonal communication, operational efficiency, product availability, and pricing transparency. Participants emphasized both positive and negative encounters, stating that the COVID pandemic fostered lowered expectations due to staffing shortages and work stress, while also remaining observant of service inconsistencies. These results relate to theories of service quality, emotional labor, and organization-public relationships by illustrating how crisis …

The Effect Of Sex On The Signal Transmission Of Duetting Bay Wrens, Rachel C. Schinzler

Theses and Dissertations

During communication, senders send signals for their benefit to elicit a behavioral response from a receiver. Acoustic signals are efficient for long-distance signaling; however, they are influenced by environmental features, such as foliage density, humidity, temperature, and time of day. Individuals can overcome these challenges by using signals with a trajectory of peak frequency, frequencies, volumes, and timing best suited to signal transmission in their environment. Signal transmission has been studied at the species level; however, not much is known about sex differences within the same species. Duetting species provide a useful system for examining sex-specific challenges in transmission, as …

Promoting Emotion Regulation: A Group Based Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Their Caregivers, Emily Jasinski

Theses and Dissertations

Emotion regulation skills lay the foundation for effective social interactions and future success. Children on the autism spectrum experience greater difficulties regulating their emotions than their neurotypical peers, leading to difficulties in social and academic settings. Therefore, it is essential to directly teach these children emotion regulation strategies. Additionally, autistic children often have difficulties generalizing what they have learned from one setting to another, and as such it has been helpful to involve caregivers in their treatment. Currently, the scant research that exists primarily describes emotion regulation interventions implemented in individual settings, which are both time intensive and expensive. One …

How And Why Preservice Mathematics Teachers’ Respond To Students’ Statistical Thinking, Radhika Pathak Kharel

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers have found that how preservice teachers (PSTs) respond to students' thinking is crucial to their students' learning and to PSTs' own teaching effectiveness. Although there are some research studies on how teachers respond, there is relatively scarce research on why PSTs respond to students’ thinking the way they do. Such understanding is crucial for designing mathematics methods courses and other professional development opportunities that enable PSTs to create more thoughtful and effective teaching plans. I examined how and why PSTs respond in-the-moment to students’ statistical thinking. The study involved 16 PSTs who enrolled in a middle school mathematics methods …

Interactive Effects Of Bti Larviciding And Predation On Culex Pipiens And Its Ephemeral Pond Communities, Jaclyn S. Everly

Theses and Dissertations

Populations of adult vector mosquitoes can be controlled by reducing larval mosquito abundances in aquatic habitats. This can be achieved via predation by introduced or naturally-occurring enemies (i.e., biocontrol or conservation control) or by applying pesticides to larval mosquito habitats (i.e., larviciding). The larvicide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) is commonly applied to ephemeral ponds to control populations of Culex pipiens mosquitoes that vector West Nile virus. However, there is concern that Bti may directly or indirectly harm non-target organisms such as dragonfly and damselfly naiads, which provide a natural source of mosquito biocontrol. Bti or predators may also induce positive …

An Evolution Of Drag In Theatre: A Historical Reflection, Krista Peters

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis will serve as an overarching analysis and historical discussion on the art of drag within the traditional theatrical space. By employing queer theory, I will analyze how the use of drag has evolved throughout the history of Broadway and the United States and how it is responding to the contemporary social attitude. Drawing from the arguments of Butler, Lorde, Rich, Foucault, and others, this thesis uses historical survey to examine the direct representation of drag in theatrical spaces in conjunction with each representation’s sociopolitical and cultural environments. Sociopolitical contemporary contexts of each representation influence not only the form …

Tensions And Possibilities: A Study Of International Graduate Students' Encounters With Critical Pedagogy In The United States, Munchuree Kaosayapandhu

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the question, “How do international graduate students experience and negotiate their encounters with critical pedagogy across time and educational contexts?” The research was motivated by the researcher’s own experience in encountering critical pedagogy and prior studies focusing on critical pedagogy from the teacher perspective. This left a gap in understanding the student experience. The research used the phenomenology paradigm. The participants included six international graduate students in education studies programs. Using the phenomenological interview approach, each participant was asked over a series of three interviews about past experiences of education, their initial encounters with critical pedagogy and …

The Outcome Of Primary Anastomosis Without Diversion Versus With Diversion In Colorectal Cancer Surgeries, Ahmed Sameh, Shams Nazem, Ahmed A Monem, Amr F Elalfy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is the most feared complication after colorectal surgery. It is a very morbid consequence that is associated with higher morbidity, longer hospital stay, higher medical expenses, or even worse functional outcomes. The role of diverting ileostomy (DI) in reducing the incidence of anastomotic leakage is still debatable. Methods: Our study included 95 patients with left sided colon cancer and rectal cancer, 49 patients in the non-ileostomy group and 46 patients in the ileostomy group after resection anastomosis of the primary tumor. The analysis included the following variables: patient-related variables (age, sex, comorbid conditions, ASA score, smoking …

The Relationship Between Acne Vulgaris And Insulin Resistance, Nora Moawad Erian, Nora Mohamed Darwish, Eman Saber Elhennawy, Fatma Faisal El Dakrory

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Some have hypothesized that resistance to insulin, a condition in which cells become less responsive to insulin, contributes to the development and worsening of acne vulgaris. The study's primary objective was to identify any associations among resistance to insulin and acne vulgaris severity. Methods Forty patients (range: 18–40 years old) with acne vulgaris and forty healthy controls (range: 18–40 years old, sex: X), were included in this case control study. Height as well as weight were the anthropometric metrics. To determine how bad acne is, doctors utilize the Global Acne Grading System. Laboratory testing for insulin resistance was conducted …

Effect Of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation On Serum Sclerostin Levels In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Mohamed A. Hassany, Mariam A. Fawy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Vitamin D deficiency and altered bone metabolism are common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sclerostin, a key inhibitor of bone formation, has been implicated in CKD–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), but the impact of high-dose vitamin D supplementation on circulating sclerostin is unclear. This work examined the effect of intramuscular cholecalciferol on serum sclerostin and bone-related markers in CKD patients. Methods This randomized controlled trial involved 128 adult CKD patients (stages 3–5), 18–70 years, both sexes, with vitamin D deficiency. Adults were equally randomized into two groups: the intervention group received intramuscular cholecalciferol (300,000 IU at baseline …

Chronic Stress And Toxoplasma Gondii Infection: Investigating The Two-Hit Hypothesis On Behavior And Cognition In Chronic Toxoplasmosis Mice Model, Nora Labeeb El-Tantawy

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Toxoplasmagondii infects about one third of people around the world and is associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. But not everyone who has it ends up with behavioral symptoms, which is kind of interesting. The study aimed to investigate the two-hit hypothesis, basically testing if chronic stress makes the effects of the infection worse in mice, on behavior and cognition. Methods: Sixty Swiss Webster mice were included in the study divided into four groups (15 for each). Group 1 control, group 2 stressed animals exposed to the chronic unpredictable stress protocol, Group 3 infected with T. gondii, and group 4 received …

Fractional Ablative Co2 Laser Versus Screw Threads In Post-Traumatic Atrophic Linear Scars, Eman Emad Elfeel, Marwa Zohdy Ali, Shereen Ezzalregal Alashry, Sherihan Hassan Allam

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Scar is the result of the natural healing and reparative process, which are frequently accompanied by a few aesthetic, functional, and social impairments and may negatively affect quality of life. Fractional CO2 laser improves both the pigmentary and textural changes by removing thin layers of skin with minimal thermal damage. Thread lifting technology is a non-surgical facial rejuvenation technology that can minimize postoperative recovery period and scar from the incision Aim To compare the efficacy of fractional ablative CO2 laser therapy versus screw threads in post-traumatic atrophic linear scars. Methods This prospective randomized clinical study included 2 groups; group …

Impact Of Social Media On Acne Treatment Practices In Egypt, Hadeer Fathy, Moheiddin Fakhry Alghobary, Nada Mohmed Elhadidy, Sara Hamdy Fouad

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Acne is one of the most prevalent global diseases, affecting up to 85% of adolescents and young adults and contributing to significant psychological burden. Despite available treatments, many patients rely on social media for guidance, where misinformation and unauthorized drug promotion can negatively influence Acne Vulgaris management.

Aim: The aim of this research is to determine the influence of social media information on the selected treatment method of Egyptian patients with Acne Vulgaris

Patients and methods: This is cross‑sectional study targets Acne Vulgaris patients aged ≥15 with current or past AV who use social media. Data was collected through …

Impact Of Body Mass Index On Clinical Outcomes In Metastatic Breast Cancer Running Title: Impact Of Bmi On Mbc Outcome, Alaa Abdelrahman Sonbol, Maha Elzaafarany, Ahmed Albehairy, Sherif Refaat

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Body mass index (BMI) has been suggested as an important patient-related factor influencing treatment outcomes in breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association between BMI categories and clinical outcomes among patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 400 patients with MBC. Clinical outcomes assessed included response to first-line treatment, treatment-related toxicity, and status at last follow-up and BMI was calculated using the Quetelet index .

Results: Patients were characterized by a high prevalence of obesity and predominantly good performance status. Disease progression following first-line treatment was the most common …

Role Of Foxl2 Immunohistochemical Marker In Diagnosis Of Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors, Correlation With Histopathologic Features And Inhibin Expression, Eman Magdi Hikal, Sylvia Albair Ashamallah, Nadia Abd El-Moniem Nada, Dina Abdallah Ibrahim

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors (SCST) are a broad category of rare neoplasms that exhibit diagnostic challenges. Alpha-inhibin has been traditionally used as immunohistochemical marker (IHC) for SCST, but restrictions as lack of specificity and variability of cytoplasmic staining evolved.  Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) is one of the earliest markers of ovarian differentiation and is essential for the normal development of granulosa cells and has been identified to be a sensitive and specific marker of Sex Cord-Stromal differentiation.

Aim: Assess FOXL2-IHC expression in different types of SCSTs and correlate its expression with histopathological features and Inhibin-IHC.

Methods: …

Computed Tomographic Assessment Of Morphological Parameters Of The Normal Vermiform Appendix In Adults: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study, Asmaa Mohamed Mansour Mahmoud, Magdy El-Sayed Mohamed Steen, Ahmed Mohamed Tawfik

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: The vermiform appendix is a hollow tubular structure arising from the cecum, typically located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the visualization rate of CT scan in the detection of normal appendix, along with its characteristics (length, diameter, and site). Methods: For this prospective cross-sectional investigation, 56 individuals were included who were scheduled to have abdominal CT. The helical scanner was used to acquire CT images with 5 millimeters of collimation and reconstruction for each 2.5 millimeters. The CT films were reviewed by an experienced radiologist, who was unaware of the …

Adnexal Magnetic Resonance (Adnex –Mr) Scoring System; A New Standardized Method For Characterization Of Adnexal Masses Inside Mansoura University Hospitals, Nora Diaa Ali Okab, Basma Elged, Sherif Abdel Fatah Moustafa, Sieza Samir, Yasser.M. Mesbah

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background Gynecologic masses are the most common subject of gynecologic imaging. The usefulness of MRI is high in the characterization of adnexal masses. The ADNEX MR classification framework was launched to stratify sonographically identified adnexal masses in to five groups based on their probability of malignancy: grade 1 (no lesion), grade 2 (benign), grade 3 (probably benign), grade 4 (indeterminate), and grade 5 (probably malignant). Aim to determine the accuracy of the ADNEX MR scoring system in classification of adnexal masses at Mansoura University Hospitals (MUH). Methods A total of 48 female patients with 52 adnexal masses on ultrasound were …