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Spartan Daily, February 4, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2026

Volume 166, Issue 6

Control-By-Interconnection Beyond Casimirs And Connections To Ida-Pbc, Joel Ferguson, Pablo Borja

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Control by Interconnection (CbI) and Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-Based Control (IDA-PBC) are two nonlinear design methodologies that exploit passivity to construct stabilising controllers. While CbI is known to be a subset of IDA-PBC, the converse link has remained open. This paper revisits CbI by utilising dynamic invariants beyond Casimirs and a more general control structure. Using this more general structure we show a one-to-one correspondence between IDA-PBC and CbI controllers for the class of mechanical systems without friction.

Protocol For Personalised Prediction Of Persistent Postsurgical Pain, Katherine J Holzer, Harutyun Alaverdyan, Ziqi Xu, Madelyn R Frumkin, Karen A Frey, Stephen H Gregory, Thomas L Rodebaugh, Chenyang Lu, Christopher R King, Denise Head, Thomas Kannampallil, Simon Haroutounian

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP) affects up to 15% of patients after major surgery, impairing physical function, quality of life and increasing risk for long-term opioid use. Current PPSP prediction models rely on static or retrospective data and fail to incorporate dynamic perioperative factors. The Personalised Prediction of Persistent Postsurgical Pain (P5) study aims to develop individualised, multimodal prediction models by integrating preoperative behavioural, psychophysical and neurocognitive assessments and high-frequency symptom monitoring.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: P5 is a prospective, single-centre cohort study enrolling 2500 adults aged 18-75 undergoing major surgery at a tertiary academic hospital. Participants complete baseline surveys, cognitive …

Achieving Dynamic Urpf With Route Scale Optimizations, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and methods are disclosed for achieving dynamic Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (uRPF) with route scale optimizations in an IP routing device, in which ingress traffic is sampled and analyzed to detect conditions indicative of source address spoofing or related attacks, and upon detecting such a condition, a control plane automatically enables uRPF at a selected scope including globally, per virtual routing and forwarding instance (VRF), and/or per interface, and subsequently disables uRPF once the attack condition subsides for at least a configured inactivity interval. Because enabling uRPF can reduce the maximum number of routes installable in a hardware forwarding …

Large Language Model (Llm) – Agent System For Register Transfer Level (Rtl) Transformation, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

The technology described in this paper relates to transformation of functional register-transfer level (RTL) hardware designs for implementation by electronic design automation (EDA) physical synthesis tools. An intelligent, autonomous, and self-correcting RTL transformation system that is based on large language models (LLMs) is proposed. The system includes an LLM agent that is based on one or more LLM models, and a robust closed-loop transformation validation agent that is integrated with the LLM agent. A continuous feedback loop is used to allow the agent for RTL transformation validation to provide feedback to the LLM agent as error messages. The LLM interprets …

Divorce Of International Mixed Marriage And Marriage Held Abroad And Indonesian Private International Law, Tiurma M. Pitta Allagan

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The unstoppable tide of globalism not only brings an increasing commercial interconnectivity between nations, but also bonds of matrimony, and in turn, the chance of divorce. Indonesian courts entertaining international divorce cases is certainly not a rarity, neither divorce of the international mixed marriage nor the marriage that was held abroad. With two recent divorce cases having a foreign element, Indonesian courts declared having no jurisdiction under grounds of “litis pendentie” and forum non-convenience, including one by the Indonesian Supreme Court. In three other cases, the courts, after addressing the preliminary question of marriage, applied the “lex fori”, or Indonesian …

Investment Arbitration: On The Availability Of The State Counterclaim, Syamsul Maarif, Latif Mustofa, Alfi Husni

Indonesian Journal of International Law

This paper explores the availability and significance of state counterclaims in international investment arbitration, a mechanism typically perceived as favoring investors. While investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) provides foreign investors with powerful legal recourse, it has led to concerns over the asymmetry in investor-state relations, often perceived as skewed against host states. By allowing states to file counterclaims, a more balanced and sustainable arbitration framework can be achieved, discouraging baseless claims and promoting fairness. The analysis draws on arbitration rules of major tribunals, including the ICSID and UNCITRAL frameworks, and reviews notable cases such as Metal-Tech v. Uzbekistan, Al-Warraq v. Indonesia, …

The Structural Obligations Approach To Human Rights, David Birchall

Indonesian Journal of International Law

This paper starts from the observations that access to socio-economic rights is retrogressing in many wealthy states and that human rights argumentation is failing to address the causes of this retrogression. The paper locates a core reason for this failure in an imbalance between narrow but forceful claim rights and inclusive but imprecise structural approaches. It builds a form of rights practice that merges the strength of each approach. It is predicated on five key principles: structural obligations should identify discrete rights-based problems that engender specific obligations upon feasibly obligated duty-bearers to make practicable changes to conduct to realise rights …

Time And Water, Sheila Nayar

Journal of Religion & Film

This is a film review of Time and Water (2026), directed by Sara Dosa.

The Poor People's Campaign, Peter S. Beagle

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Lessons In Persuasion, Kathleen Veslany

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

That Sweet Anarchy We Call Youth, Chuck Kinder

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

We Fish, Omari C. Daniel, Jack L. Daniel

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Soul In A Bottle, Madison Smartt Bell

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Nyssa Sylvatica, Norman Farrell, Jr.

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Misgivings, C.K. Williams

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Soul In A Bottle, Madison Smartt Bell

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Nyssa Sylvatica, Norman Farrell, Jr.

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Misgivings, C.K. Williams

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Thoughtprints, James Glanz

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Scrambled Eggs, Marilyn A. Gelman

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Not In Love With Aami, David Goldblatt

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Gray Area: Thinking With A Damaged Brain, Floyd Skloot

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

About The Author: Carolyn Nesbitt

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

About The Author: Floyd Skloot

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

In Search Of Alice Walker, Or, Alice Doesn’T Live Here Anymore, Valerie Boyd

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Recollecting, Debra Anne Davis

Creative Nonfiction Magazine

No abstract provided.

Ai-Generated Musical Educational Videos: A Creative Learning Strategy For Any Discipline, Gulfem I. Yucelen

Teaching Repository of AI-Infused Learning

In this activity, students transform course concepts into original songs by writing lyrics, refining them with AI, and generating music and video content. Generative AI tools support the creative process, while students provide oversight to ensure accuracy and clarity. The final product is a musical educational video that deepens understanding and can also be shared with peers or younger learners.

Robust 10 Gbps Fso Communication And Up To 70db/Km High-Fidelity Psk Modulation Under Diverse Atmospheric Turbulence, Raghad Zuhair Yousif, Soran Salah Fareeq Aldawoodi, Sirwan Kareem Jalal, Sevan H. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work introduces a free-space optical (FSO) communication system engineered to operate effectively under diverse atmospheric conditions, specifically addressing attenuation levels of 20, 30, 40, and 70 dB/km at a stable data rate of 10 Gbps. The proposed architecture utilizes advanced Phase Shift Keying (PSK) modulation, combined with a 60 dBm continuous-wave laser, a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), and optical amplifiers with 20 dB gain, to ensure signals can be transmitted through challenging atmospheric channels. The model performs quite well, even in diverse conditions, and remains effective when the signal is 70 dB/Km weaker. It has a Q-factor of approximately 10.069 …

Adaptive Wheelchair Control Using Fuzzy Logic And Eye Gaze Metrics, Hanan J. Abdulkareem, Sadik K. Gharghan, Saad Mutashar

Engineering and Technology Journal

Intelligent wheelchair systems are crucial for enabling hands-free mobility in individuals with severe physical impairments. This paper presents a novel eye-movement-based wheelchair control system that integrates camera-based gaze detection with fuzzy logic decision-making. By analyzing the Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR), along with horizontal and vertical gaze ratios, the system interprets real-time eye movements into five navigational commands: “Move Forward,” “Move Backward,” “Move Left,” “Move Right,” and “Stop.” A time threshold mechanism (2–5 seconds) ensures intentionality by filtering out involuntary gaze fluctuations. The novelty of this work lies in its hybrid use of real-time video processing and fuzzy logic reasoning to …