Digital Commons Network^™

Maternal Dysbiosis Produces Long-Lasting Behavioral Changes In Offspring, Jacob Hudobenko, Claudia M Di Gesù, Patrick R Mooz, Joseph Petrosino, Nagireddy Putluri, Bhanu P Ganesh, Kristen Rebeles, Frank W Blixt, Venugopal R Venna, Louise D Mccullough

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Advanced maternal age (AMA) is defined as a pregnancy in a woman older than 35 years of age. AMA increases the risk for both maternal and neonatal complications, including miscarriage and stillbirth. AMA has also been linked to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring. Recent studies have found that age-associated compositional shifts in the gut microbiota contribute to altered microbial metabolism and enhanced inflammation in the host. We investigated the specific contribution of the maternal microbiome on pregnancy outcomes and offspring behavior by recolonizing young female mice with aged female microbiome prior to pregnancy. We discovered that pre-pregnancy colonization …

Understanding The Need For Gender Inclusiveness: A Case Study In Kolkata, India, Nilasree Dutta

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The research focuses on examining the status of women in the selected Wards of Kolkata, India: Ward 59, 64, 65, 66, and 69. Three indicators are used to evaluate the status of women: education, nutrition, and religion. Data for this study was collected with the help of a Kolkata-based Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) named Ek Tara. A complete questionnaire with open-ended and closed-ended questions was followed to conduct the survey. 353 households were interviewed to obtain the data. Several statistical analyses have been conducted using STATA software to address research hypotheses. To assess the nutritional status of women, hand grip strength …

Faculty Perception Of Lean Thinking In Higher Education, Mikhail Shilov

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There are many challenges that higher education institutions (HEI) are facing that include rising cost of education, reduction in student population, competition from other universities and alternative educational platforms, as well as reduction in public confidence. To stay competitive, HEIs could utilize performance improvement methods that have been proven to be advantageous in manufacturing and other industries, and one of these methodologies is Lean. Application of Lean in higher education is still in the early stages of development, the methods have been mostly used to improve administrative processes, but not as much in the core educational processes, teaching and research. …

Fostering Creativity Through A Signature Creative Writing Pedagogy, Ryan Stone

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study offers a historical and conceptual lens to guide the proposed research. A historical account of creative writing in higher education and its relationship to progressive education and creative education is offered. The conceptual framework involves the development of the creative person through the primary pedagogical method within creative writing: the workshop. The research involves a qualitative phenomenological study. Methods utilized include coded observations and interviews.

Cross-Tissue Coordination Between Slc Nucleoside Transporters Regulates Reproduction In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Youchen Guan, Yong Yu, Shihong M Gao, Lang Ding, Qian Zhao, Meng C Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Metabolism is fundamental to organism physiology and pathology. From the intricate network of metabolic reactions, diverse chemical molecules, collectively termed metabolites, are produced. In multicellular organisms, metabolite communication between different tissues is vital for maintaining homeostasis and adaptation. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating these metabolite communications remain poorly understood. Here, we focus on nucleosides and nucleotides, essential metabolites involved in multiple cellular processes, and report the pivotal role of the SLC29A family of transporters in mediating nucleoside coordination between the soma and the germline. Through genetic analysis, we discovered that two Caenorhabditis elegans homologs of SLC29A transporters, Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter …

Recommendations For Design, Execution, And Reporting Of Studies On Experimental Thoracic Aortopathy In Preclinical Models, Alan Daugherty, Dianna M Milewicz, David A Dichek, Ketan B Ghaghada, Jay D Humphrey, Scott A Lemaire, Yanming Li, Ziad Mallat, Yvan Saeys, Hisashi Sawada, Ying H Shen, Toru Suzuki, Zhen Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There is a recent dramatic increase in research on thoracic aortic diseases that includes aneurysms, dissections, and rupture. Experimental studies predominantly use mice in which aortopathy is induced by chemical interventions, genetic manipulations, or both. Many parameters should be deliberated in experimental design in concert with multiple considerations when providing dimensional data and characterization of aortic tissues. The purpose of this review is to provide recommendations on guidance in (1) the selection of a mouse model and experimental conditions for the study, (2) parameters for standardizing detection and measurements of aortic diseases, (3) meaningful interpretation of characteristics of diseased aortic …

The Development Of A Trauma Interventional Radiology Alert Protocol Reduces Time To Vessel Puncture In Cases Of Active Hemorrhage., Aahad Khan, Akhil Gangisetty, Steve Mitchell, Nick Daughtery, Brent Goslin, William B Devoe, John Bach

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

Introduction Trauma continues to be a major cause of death in the United States, with uncontrolled bleeding contributing to a significant portion of trauma-related fatalities. In recent years, the management of hemorrhagic trauma patients has expanded to include interventional radiology (IR). The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma recommends that Level 1 and 2 trauma centers ensure IR availability within 60 minutes of the decision to proceed with angiography. Delays in IR intervention are associated with poorer outcomes and increased mortality. To address this, our Level 2 trauma center developed and implemented an institutional protocol involving trauma surgeons, interventional …

Research Participant Interest In Learning Results Of Biomarker Tests For Alzheimer Disease, Spondita Goswami, Sarah M Hartz, Amy Oliver, Sacha Jackson, Tomi Ogungbenle, Alissa Evans, Erin Linnenbringer, Krista L Moulder, John C Morris, Jessica Mozersky

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: While available evidence suggests there are not major psychosocial harms of return of research results, there are limited data on uptake of Alzheimer disease (AD) research results or reasons for declining to learn results among participants in AD research studies.

OBJECTIVES: To quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate who declines to learn individual AD biomarker research results and what factors are associated with the decision.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This observational cohort study was conducted between November 1, 2020, and April 15, 2024, among participants aged 65 years or older with unimpaired cognition and available biomarker data (apolipoprotein E genotype and …

Standardized Classification Of Infants With Robin Sequence Using Micronaps: The Impact Of Syndromes And Comorbidities, Cory M. Resnick, Nicole Deptula, David Molter, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: MicroNAPS, a classification for infants with Robin sequence (RS) intended to guide treatment decisions, consists of 5 elements: micrognathia, nutrition, airway, palatal clefting, and syndromes/comorbidities. Scoring of the first 4 elements is well defined, but the assignment of the syndromes/comorbidities score (S score) introduces subjectivity by necessitating judgment regarding the clinical impact of the diagnosis. A database of comorbid diagnoses associated with RS and consensus-based S scores for each is needed for the MicroNAPS system to be reproducible.

METHODS: Diagnoses known to be associated with RS were identified from existing literature, and preliminary severity grades were applied. A series …

Gdf15 Links Adipose Tissue Lipolysis With Anxiety, Logan K Townsend, Léa J Becker, Jordan G Mccall, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Psychological stress changes both behaviour and metabolism to protect organisms. Adrenaline is an important driver of this response. Anxiety correlates with circulating free fatty acid levels and can be alleviated by a peripherally restricted β-blocker, suggesting a peripheral signal linking metabolism with behaviour. Here we show that adrenaline, the β3 agonist CL316,243 and acute restraint stress induce growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) secretion in white adipose tissue of mice. Genetic inhibition of adipose triglyceride lipase or genetic deletion of β-adrenergic receptors blocks β-adrenergic-induced increases in GDF15. Increases in circulating GDF15 require lipolysis-induced free fatty acid stimulation of M2-like macrophages within …

Functions Of Communication During Emergency Care Of Children With Medical Complexity: Caregiver Perspectives, Julia A Ciurria, Jennifer Reyes Lin, Cassandra M Pruitt, Bryan A Sisk

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: We investigated communication experiences of caregivers of children with medical complexity (CMC) during emergency care.

METHODS: Fifteen caregivers of CMC participated in semi-structured interviews regarding communication while seeking care for their child in the emergency department (ED). Thematic analysis was applied using a previously established functional communication model as an a priori framework.

RESULTS: Each of the previously established 8 core functions of communication were identified in this population. "Building relationships" manifested as clinicians soliciting caregiver input and responding to the needs of the caregiver. "Exchanging information" included clearly explaining next steps to caregivers. "Responding to emotions" acknowledged the …

Sensitivity Of Lung Point-Of-Care Ultrasound (Pocus) To Predict Oxygen Requirements In Emerging Viral Infections, Daniel L Theodoro, Di Coneybeare, Penelope Lema, Nicholas Renz, Laura Wallace, Enyo Ablordeppey, Sean Stickles, Alek Rosenthal, Ian Holley, Sirivalli Chamarti, Josie Acuña, James Patterson, Rachel Ancona, Srikar Adhikari

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: The prognostic characteristics of lung point-of-care ultrasound (L-POCUS) to predict respiratory decompensation in patients with emerging infections remains unstudied. Our objective was to examine whether scored lung ultrasounds predict hypoxia among a nonhypoxic, ambulatory population of patients with COVID-19.

METHODS: This was a diagnostic case-control study. Three academic emergency departments across the United States collected a convenience sample of nonhypoxic subjects with COVID-19, scored subjects' hemithorax at 7 locations using lung ultrasound, and followed outcomes for 40 days. We defined cases as hypoxia (≤91% by pulse oxygenation) from 2 hours after index presentation to day 40. Follow-up was by …

Subclinical Atherosclerosis And Cardiovascular Events Among Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Julia A Levy, Adetunji T Toriola, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Prior studies have documented that patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

OBJECTIVES: To examine coronary artery calcium (CAC) as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis and its association with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with CRC across the cancer treatment trajectory.

METHODS: Adults with newly diagnosed CRC were enrolled in the prospective ColoCare study from 2017 to 2024. CAC was measured from routine diagnostic computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography-CT scans at CRC diagnosis until 5 years post-diagnosis. Atherosclerosis was defined as the presence of CAC. We used multivariable-adjusted …

Regulation Of Tfeb In Human Placental Cytotrophoblasts And Syncytiotrophoblasts, A Mathew, J S Trausch-Azar, C Azar, M Schuetz, M R Mahjoub, A L Schwartz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

While cellular proteins exist in a dynamic state maintained by the balance of synthesis and degradation, there is a paucity of information on these processes in placental trophoblasts, including within cytotrophoblasts which differentiate into multi-nucleate syncytiotrophoblasts. TFEB, a transcription factor with a myriad of cellular activities, is one of the most abundant genes expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts compared to cytotrophoblasts. TFEB is localized to the nucleus of human BeWo differentiated syncytiotrophoblasts and to the cytoplasm of the undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts. Within both the cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts, TFEB exists in subcellular compartments as both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms and translocates between cytoplasm and …

Phase 1, First-In-Human, Single-/Multiple-Ascending Dose Study Of Iluzanebart In Healthy Volunteers, Andreas Meier, Spyros Papapetropoulos, Andrew Marsh, Kelly Neelon, David Stiles, Ryan O'Mara, Evan A Thackaberry, Marco Colonna, Raj Rajagovindan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of iluzanebart, a fully human monoclonal antibody TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) agonist, after single- (SAD) and multiple-ascending-dose (MAD) administration.

METHODS: Healthy adult volunteers (N = 136) received intravenous placebo or iluzanebart 1-60 mg/kg (SAD) or 10-60 mg/kg (MAD) followed by serial pharmacokinetics and safety assessments. Safety assessments included adverse events (AEs), vital signs, electrocardiograms, and clinical laboratory evaluations. Pharmacokinetics were assessed through noncompartmental analysis. The study also included open-label cohorts (3, 10, 20, 40, 60 mg/kg SAD; 10, 20, 40 mg/kg MAD) for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection …

Atypical Presentation Of Iars1-Related Disorder: Expanding The Phenotype And Genotype, Parith Wongkittichote, Kira E Jonatzke, Benjamin T Hyde, Lance W Peterson, Mai He, Robert C Mckinstry, Anthony Antonellis, Marwan Shinawi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA, which is required for protein translation. A growing number of cases are associated with ARS deficiencies. Pathogenic variants in

Treatment And Improved Outcomes Of Three Adult Patients With Guanidinoacetate Methyltransferase (Gamt) Deficiency, Angela Lee, Judith Weisenberg, Elizabeth Toolan, Marwan Shinawi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency is a creatine synthesis disorder caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in

Brain Morphometry In Infants Later Diagnosed With Autism Is Related To Later Language Skills, Luke E Moraglia, Kelly N Botteron, Natasha Marrus, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents early in life with distinct social and language differences. This study explores the association between infant brain morphometry and language abilities using an infant-sibling design. Participants included infants who had an older sibling with autism (high likelihood, HL) who were later diagnosed with autism (HL-ASD; n = 31) and two non-autistic control groups: HL-Neg (HL infants not diagnosed with autism; n = 126) and LL-Neg (typically developing infants who did not have an older sibling with autism; n = 77). Using a whole-brain approach, we measured cortical thickness and surface area at 6 and 12 …

Religious Freedom In The Ussr After The Russian Orthodox Church Restoration In September 1943: Us Viewpoint, Eduard Khodun

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

The article deals with the reaction of American society to changes in the religious policy of the Soviet Union during World War II. After the reestablishment of the Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church in September 1943, assessments of the state of religious freedom in the USSR ranged from optimistic, which considered this event as a relaxation of restrictions or even the beginning of a new type of relationship between the regime and religious communities, to deep skepticism, which was determined by the awareness of the true motives and goals of the Soviet leadership. The Kremlin's decision was seen as …

Immigration Law Insights: My Internship At Borjas Law Group Llc, Keila Moncada

Undergraduate Research and Engagement Symposium

During my internship at Borjas Law Group Llc, I had the opportunity to immerse myself in the fascinating field of immigration law. I learned to assist in preparing legal documents, researching cases, and communicating with clients about their immigration situations. Additionally, I worked on developing strategies to help clients obtain their developing practical skills and a deep understanding of immigration laws, as well as the importance of providing support to those seeking a new beginning in the United States.

Opencaps: An Open Source System For Evaluating Context-Based Authentication Protocols, Luke T. Niemeyer

Undergraduate Research and Engagement Symposium

Zero Involvement Authentication (ZIA) is a technique for automatically authenticating computers to networks. Many ZIA research systems lack a realistic evaluation, and ZIA publications often lack comparison to existing work because hardware and software are difficult to replicate. OpenCAPS enables ZIA researchers to compare new implementations to existing work.

Caregivers’ Verbal And Nonverbal Input On Spanish-English Bilingual Children’S Word Learning, Nikki Tsolakidis, Anmol Patel

Undergraduate Research and Engagement Symposium

We examined the relation of caregivers’ verbal and nonverbal input on bilingual children’s word learning. 45 caregiver-child dyads (Female=17) were video-recorded (75-minutes). At child-age 18-months (M=18.68; SD=1.12), caregivers’ non-verbal input was coded as communicative hand/head movements (gestures). Caregivers’ verbal input was words used and verbal responses to children’s gestures. At child-age 24-months (M=36.90; SD=0.66), word learning was calculated as words produced (video-recorded, caregiver report). Analyses showed caregivers’ nonverbal input was related to children’s Spanish words (p < 0.05). On-going analyses examine the relation of caregivers’ verbal input on children’s words.

Four Updates: A Collaborative Project Of Communication Research Trends And Facultad De Ciencias De La Información Universidad Complutense, Madrid, William E. Biernatzki S.J.

Communication Research Trends

This summer the Revista de Ciencias de la Informaci6n published by the Faculty of Information Sciences of Complutense University, in Madrid, is bringing out a special issue consisting of translations of four issues of Communication Research Trends with additional sections, mostly by Spanish or Latin American authors.

Communications, Computers And Networks, Gabriel Rodriguez, Soledad Robina

Communication Research Trends

There was a time when communication from computer to computer via satellite links. was the exclusive domain of the military, of highly specialized scientists, and of 'hackers'. That is no longer true. The serious scholar, even of the humanities, sometimes feels a bit 'out of it' when separated from his or her computer and modem.' Technical assistance is being provided to development workers in remote areas by means of relatively cheap ground stations and low-orbiting (non-geostationary) satellites. 'E-mail', using a bewildering array of special interest computer networks, generates whole new forms of society, united by electronics, rather than geography

Providing Care For The Geriatric Population, Asma Nayyar Md

Marshall Journal of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Webmd: Diagnosing Ascot Hills Park’S Biodiversity Using Environmental Dna (Edna) From Spiderwebs, Sabriya Ann Seid

Undergraduate Library Research Awards

No abstract provided.

"Man-Dig Those Crazy Los Angeles Freeways": The Changing Image Of Southern California Freeways In The Werner Von Boltenstern Postcard Collection, Laura Haushalter

Undergraduate Library Research Awards

No abstract provided.

Applying The Updated Renfrew Error Classification And Osteopathic Principles To Radiology Interpretation: A Case-Based Approach, Michaelyn Cornish, Joel Koshy, Ryan Arias

Research Day

Background: Diagnostic errors in radiology can lead to delayed or incorrect diagnoses. The updated Renfrew error classification system (updated by Kim and Mansfield in 2014) is a commonly cited framework for classifying diagnostic errors in radiology. Osteopathic medicine principles, on the other hand, provide a more general framework that focuses on a whole-person, patient-centered approach to diagnosis and interpretation in medicine. This study examines three documented cases of diagnostic errors in radiology through the lens of both frameworks to propose strategies for error reduction.

Methods: Three radiology cases with documented errors were analyzed and classified according to the …

Utilizing Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score (Mfiss) In Postmortem Head Gunshot Imaging For Surgical Planning And Preventative Treatment Assessment, Kamryn B. Johnston, Richard A. Gonzalez

Research Day

Gunshot injuries to the head represent a major clinical and forensic challenge due to their complexity and multifaceted nature of the trauma. Various pre-operative methods exist to assess extent of craniofacial damage and patient outcomes. One such method is the Maxillofacial Injury Severity Score (MFISS). The MFISS is a trauma scoring system used by craniofacial reconstructive surgeons to categorize the degree of facial trauma based on hard and soft tissue damage. The system is broken down into three hard tissue and one soft tissue classification. All classifications are scored on a 0 to 3 scale ranging from no damage to …

Bilateral Carotid Artery Dissection After A Fall: A Case Of Horner's Syndrome Revealed On Examination, Eli Spevack, Zachary M. Weisner, Lauren Exley

Research Day

Traumatic carotid artery dissections (TCAD) are rare and occasionally present with third-order Horner's syndrome, defined as ipsilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis. We present a case involving a 53-year-old female with no significant past medical history who presented to the emergency department after tripping and falling down a flight of stairs. Over three weeks, the patient had persistent tinnitus, right neck pain and, on the exam, was noted to have right-sided miosis and ptosis. These exam findings led us to obtain a CT angiogram of the head and neck, which revealed a bilateral internal carotid dissection. The patient was taken for …