Digital Commons Network^™

Not Eu Enough: The Eu's Proposed Multilateral Investment Court As An Infeasible Replacement For The Intra-Eu Isds Mechanism After The Achmea Decision, Rohit Rakhit

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

In the landmark case Slovak Republic v. Achmea BV, the European Union Court of Justice (CJEU) invalidated Article 8 of the 1992 Dutch-Slovak bilateral investment treaty (BIT), holding that it conflicted with EU law. Article 8 included a provision which mandated that any party initiating an investor-state dispute governed under the Dutch-Slovak BIT bring the dispute in front of an arbitration tribunal. Since this form of investor-state dispute resolution was customary in the EU, states and investors became concerned about what the future of investment arbitration would look like in the EU. As a solution, the EU proposed the implementation …

The Effects Of Facial Trauma, Zixin Zhu

Mentorship Program 2025-2026

No abstract provided.

The State Of Interprofessional Practice Between Behavior Analysts And Speech-Language Pathologists, Sara Snyder, Heartley Huber, Danika Pfeiffer, Dannette Murray

Speech-Language Pathology Faculty Publications

Interprofessional practice (IPP) is necessary to ensure assessment and interventions are designed and implemented both efficiently and effectively. We sought to investigate how Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs) and Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) engage in IPP. Both professionals may provide evaluations and interventions related to communication in schools and community-based healthcare systems. We disseminated a survey to BCBAs and SLPs to elicit information about their collaboration with each other. Topics included: (a) frequency of collaboration and communication with the other professional; (b) confidence engaging in IPP; (c) interprofessional training experiences; (d) barriers and facilitators to collaboration with the other profession; and …

Aura: An Ai-Powered Multimodal Prototype For Adaptive Apraxia Of Speech Therapy And Communication Support, Omotayo Omoyemi, Rachel K. Johnson

Speech-Language Pathology Faculty Publications

Apraxia of Speech (AOS) is a motor speech disorder that significantly limits communication and requires intensive, long-term therapy. Access to consistent treatment is often constrained by shortages of speech-language pathologists, high costs, and limited opportunities for continuous monitoring outside clinical settings. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) provide new opportunities to support scalable and personalized speech therapy.

This paper presents AURA (Adaptive Understanding and Relearning Assistant for Apraxia), a multimodal AI framework designed to support speech therapy, progress monitoring, and communication for individuals with AOS. The system integrates speech analysis, machine learning–based error detection, reinforcement learning for adaptive therapy, and …

Can Feedback Framing Improve Creative Problem-Solving? Examining The Effects Of Valence And Format, Ellie H. Tran

Psychology Theses

This study examined the role of feedback valence (positive vs. negative) and format (question vs. statement) in influencing creative performance. Grounded in self-determination theory, the study also tested whether feedback acceptance mediated the effects of feedback characteristics on creative outcomes. Psychology undergraduate students (N = 308) completed a creative task in which they generated and developed ideas for community-based projects addressing psychological issues. Participants were randomly assigned to receive positive or negative feedback presented either as a statement or a question, or to a no-feedback control condition. Creative performance was evaluated across three dimensions: originality, quality, and elegance. Results showed …

Standard Confusion: The Case For Adopting Motivating Factor Causation For Fmla Retaliation Claims, Alyssa Shaw

Minnesota Law Review Headnotes, Vols. 107 onward (2022-present)

Statutory anti-retaliation protections are often the only enforcement mechanism placed in federal minimum labor standard statutes, and the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) is no exception. An integral part of proving retaliation claims is showing there was a causal connection between the adverse action and the use of protected leave. Unfortunately for plaintiffs, the federal circuit courts apply different causation burdens to these claims. Some adopt motivating factor causation and others adopt but-for causation.

This Essay examines this circuit split and argues for the adoption of motivating factor causation for FMLA retaliation claims stemming from the use of protected leave. …

Founding Freedoms On Trial: Speech, Sedition, And Executive Authority, Adam Koch

Minnesota Law Review Headnotes, Vols. 107 onward (2022-present)

Part I will review the political and legislative standards of early America. This background provides the understanding of the conditions that led to the passing of the Alien and Sedition Acts. Part II will assess the constitutionality of the Acts, particularly the Sedition Act. This part will focus on the contemporary legal and political arguments from both sides of the dispute. Finally, Part III will review the legal positions of each of the Supreme Court Justices at the time of the presidency of John Adams. Here, the paper will draw from contemporary accounts to determine that the Court overwhelmingly supported …

Annual Report Of The Officers Of The Town Of Holderness, New Hampshire Year Ending December 31, 2025, Holderness Town Representatives

Holderness, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report Of The Town Of Roxbury, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2025, Roxbury Town Representatives

Roxbury, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Reports 2025 Town Of Middleton, New Hampshire For The Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2025, Middleton Town Representatives

Middleton, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Reports Of Town Officers And Committees For The Town Of Springfield, New Hampshire Including Vital Statistics For The Year 2025, Springfield Town Representatives

Springfield, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report For The Town Of Bedford, New Hampshire For The Year Two Thousand Twenty Five, Bedford Town Representatives

Bedford, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

One Hundred Forty-Ninth Annual Report, Town Of Easton, New Hampshire, Year Ending December 31, 2025. Town Of Easton Sesquicentennial, 150 Years: 1876-2026, Easton Town Representatives

Easton, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

2025 Annual Report Town Of Lisbon, New Hampshire Year Ending December 31, 2025, Lisbon Town Representatives

Lisbon, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Antrim, New Hampshire 2025 Annual Report, Antrim Town Representatives

Antrim, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Grantham, Nh 2025 Annual Town Report, Grantham Town Representatives

Grantham, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Reports Of Westmoreland, New Hampshire Town Officers For The Year Ending December 31, 2025 And School District Officers For The Year Ending June 30, 2025, Westmoreland Town Representatives

Westmoreland, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Epsom, New Hampshire 2025 Annual Report, Epsom Town Representatives

Epsom, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Danbury, New Hampshire 2025 Annual Town Report, Danbury Town Representatives

Danbury, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of New London, New Hampshire Annual Report For The Year Ending 2025, New London Town Representatives

New London, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Dummer, Nh Annual Report Of The Town Officers For The Year Ended December 31, 2025, Dummer Town Representatives

Dummer, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Reports Of The Selectmen, Treasurer, School Board And All Other Officers And Committees For The Town Of Chichester, New Hampshire, Chichester Town Representatives

Chichester, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report Of The Town Officers Of Jefferson, Nh For The Year Ending December 31, 2025, Jefferson Town Representatives

Jefferson, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report Town Of Salisbury, New Hampshire 2025, Salisbury Town Representatives

Salisbury, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Report Of The Town Officers Of The Town Of Stratford, New Hampshire For The Year Ending December 31, 2025, Stratford Town Representatives

Stratford, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Annual Reports Of The Selectboard And Other Town Officers, Charlestown, N.H., For The Year Ending December 31, 2025, Charlestown Town Representatives

Charlestown, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Haverhill, New Hampshire Annual Report 2025, Haverhill Town Representatives

Haverhill, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Town Of Sugar Hill, New Hampshire 64th Annual Report Year Ending December 31, 2025, Sugar Hill Town Representatives

Sugar Hill, NH Annual Reports

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire.

Florida's Maritime Edge: Built Through Leadership, Ready For What's Next, Tad Schnaufer Ii

GNSI Conference Reports

This report analyzes evolving threats, funding challenges, and strategic priorities for protecting Florida's critical maritime infrastructure in an era of nation-state adversaries, adversarial Al, and complex hybrid threats.

Setting The Recycling Narrative: A Thematic Analysis Of Recycling Webpages In The United States, Haley Nolde

Dissertations and Theses

Recycling is widely promoted in the United States as a central strategy for waste diversion and sustainable materials management, yet recycling outcomes remain inconsistent and public understanding is often fragmented. While substantial research examines recycling behavior, infrastructure, material science, and markets, less attention has been paid to how recycling itself is framed and communicated to the public. This thesis addresses that gap by examining narratives produced by recycling thought leader organizations (TLOs) in the United States. Using thematic analysis, this study analyzes publicly available recycling webpages from 99 TLOs, including state government agencies, state-level non-governmental organizations (NGOs), national and regional …