Digital Commons Network^™

A Proposed Wot System For Diagnosing The Infection Of Coronavirus (Covid-19), Dalal Thair, Akbas Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Coronavirus is one of the viruses that have broadly affected humans and the health system in general. The problem is that there is no treatment for the virus yet, and the virus spreads very quickly through coughing or touching. Therefore, patients infected with this virus must be isolated in their homes or designated care places. Therefore, the research aims to find appropriate methods to diagnose people with the virus remotely to avoid "mixing and trying to determine the virus's focus spread by presenting a new framework for e-health to identify Coronavirus patients. Since the web of things (WoT) is helpful …

Improving Machine Learning Performance By Eliminating The Influence Of Unclean Data, Murtadha Ressan, Rehab Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Regardless of the data source and type (text, digital, photo group, etc.), they are usually unclean data. The term (unclean) means that data contains some bugs and paradoxes that can strongly impact machine learning processes. The nature of the input data of the dataset is the most important reason for the success of the learning algorithm. More than one factor influences machine learning results in a specific task. The characteristics and the nature of the data are the main reasons for the algorithm's success. This paper generally examines data processing entered into an algorithm to learn machines. The paper explains …

Textual Dataset Classification Using Supervised Machine Learning Techniques, Hanan Jaleel, Jane Stephan, Sinan Naji

Engineering and Technology Journal

Text classification has been a significant domain of study and research because of the increased volume of text datasets and documents available in digital format. Text classification is one of the major approaches used to arrange digital information via automatically allocating text dataset records or documents into predetermined classes depending on their contents. This paper proposes a technique that implements supervised machine learning algorithms such as KNN, Decision tree, Random Forest, Bernoulli Naive Bayes, and Multinomial Naive Bayes classifiers to classify a dataset into distinct classes. The proposed technique combines the above-mentioned machine learning classifiers with the TF-IDF feature extraction …

Proposal Framework To Light Weight Cryptography Primitives, Mustafa Abd Zaid, Soukaena Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Due to manufacturing cost and portability limitations, the computing power, storage capacity, and energy of the Internet of Things (IoT) hardware are still slowly developing. From above, the proposed security system based on encryption must consider the resources, time, memory used, and the lifespan of related sensors. In addition, some applications need simple encryption, especially after the emergence of IoT and the Web of Things (WoT). Providing solutions suitable for resource-constrained devices can be achieved by using lightweight cryptography. In this paper, building a framework that includes proposals for producing lightweight security algorithms for cryptography primitives was highly recommended. For …

Investigation Of Carboxymethyl Cellulose And Barite Additives On The Corrosion Characteristics Of Water-Based Drilling Mud, Rana Azeez, Najem Alrubaiey, Mohamed Gazi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Drilling fluids can be considered complex liquids containing several desired materials. These materials (small additives) are specialty products that serve a specific need, such as controlling the rheological properties of the drilling fluid and reducing corrosion for operational drilling of both oil and gas wells. Additives used to resist corrosion are called corrosion inhibitors. Previous research has shown that polymers such as Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) have high characteristics of corrosion inhabitation in an aggressive environment.  In this study, the effect of adding two samples of additives, CMC and Barite, on the corrosion of carbon steel in Iraqi bentonite water base …

Performance Comparison Of Serial And Parallel Hybrid Fiber Amplifier Under Optimum Pump Conditions, Aseel Khudhaier, Abdulla Abass, Mudhafer Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, two different configurations of hybrid fiber optic amplifiers are investigated and simulated via OptiSystem 7.0 software, namely, serial and parallel hybrid fiber optical amplifiers (S– and P–HFOAs). The investigation involves performance comparison for the S– and P–HFOA under optimum pump conditions to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration. The simulation results show that the serial configuration has a high average gain level of 19.2 dB, an appropriate noise figure about 4.3 dB, but low saturation power, and limited gain bandwidth of approximately 40 nm, which is considered a primary issue in S–HOFA design, in addition …

Physical Properties Of Pure Gold Nanoparticles And Gold Doped Zno Nanoparticles Using Laser Ablation In Liquid For Sensor Applications, Nabaa Hassan, Makram Fakhri, Evan Salim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, the effect of using laser ablation of pure gold targets to obtain gold Nano rods and for pure zinc targets to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles was studied separately in ethanol using an Nd:YAG laser tattoo removal (nanosecond pulses) and then mixing the resulting mixtures to obtain gold dopant with zinc oxide. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), (XRD) X-Ray Diffraction and the optical properties were used to characterize the pure gold Nano rods, ZnO nanoparticles, and Au doped ZnO nanoparticles. Based on XRD and TEM, the results revealed the properties of the produced gold Nano roads. The obtained results …

Numerical Simulation Of The Self-Imaging At Different Cascaded Optical Fiber Specifications, Shahad Younus, Anwaar A Al-Dergazly, Abdulla Abass

Engineering and Technology Journal

Cascaded optical fiber single mode-no core-single mode fiber (SNS) attracted attention for being the base of various photonic devices. These devices are used in optical communication, fiber sensors, and fiber laser technology. The effect of variable NCF specifications, length, diameter, external refractive index (ERI), propagating wavelength on the self-imaging position, and the multimode interference (MMI) is studied. The study aims to simulate and analyze cascaded optical fiber by using the finite element beam envelope method (BEM). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that studied the self-imaging in cascaded optical fiber longitudinally by using BEM. The …

A Comprehensive Comparison For Different Hybrid Based Localization Algorithms For Indoor Communications, Riam Zaal, Eyad Abbas, Mahmood Mosleh

Engineering and Technology Journal

The era of the wireless communication-based indoor environment has resulted in several challenges represented by signal reflection, diffraction, and attenuation. Thereby, it affects several wireless-based applications such as positioning, localization, monitoring different objects. With such challenges, estimation error would be increased significantly, and the accuracy will be reduced. To handle such challenges, several new approaches were proposed by many researchers. The most interesting approach for the localization purpose was the hybrid localization approach. A combination of several parameters would be utilized to propose methods that take advantage of these parameters. In this work, a comprehensive analysis was carried out for …

A Comparative Study Of Perturb And Observe (P&O) And Incremental Conductance (Inc) Pv Mppt Techniques At Different Radiation And Temperature Conditions, Marwan Ahmad, Ali Numan, Dhari Mahmood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The biggest challenge in the solar system is to extract the maximum output powerfrom photovoltaic (PV) panels under different solar radiation and temperatureconditions. This paper presents a comparative study between perturb and observe(P & O) and incremental conduction (INC) algorithms. These are the most popularalgorithms for tracking solar PV panels and extracting the maximum power point(MPP) under different climate conditions. The studied PV system and the MPPTtechniques have been investigated by simulation using MATLAB/Simulink. Thesimulation includes a boost converter, which increases the PV panel voltage bycontrolling the duty cycle. The obtained results show that the P & O performanceclose to …

Optimizing The Performance Of Wireless Sensor Network Based On Software Defined Network And Gaussian Filter, Jumana Khearallah, Khalida Rijab

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents software defining network SDN control in wireless sensor networks (WSN) to estimate packet flow, which relies on a Gaussian filter to filter the transmitted signal. The practical aim of this method is to predict the next step of packet flow earlier, which helps reduce congestion if it occurs. The proposed model (SDN-WSN with Gaussian filter) is applied to enhance signal transmission, reduce data error, reduce congestion network and reduce data overflow data. The methodology of the proposed work can be explained as follows: first: distributing nodes randomly; second: Applying the K-mean cluster to choose to select the …

Effect Of Fiber-Telescope Coupling Losses On Wideband Wavelength Division Multiplexing In Free Space Optical Communications, Abdulrahman. Almukhtar, Abdulla Abass, Mudhafer. Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

The effect of telescope losses (TL) on wideband wavelength division multiplexing (Wideband-WDM) based on free-space optical communication (FSOC) is investigated via OptiSystem software. In this work, both single and dual channel FSOC systems are investigated under different communication weathers: clear, haze, rain, and fog with attenuation losses of 0.2 dB/km, 2.3 dB/km, 4.3 dB/km, and 8.0 dB/km, respectively. The TL measures the coupling efficiency between the fiber and telescope in the transceiver assembly; therefore, is considered an important design parameter for the FSOC and hybrid optical communication system. According to the results, the maximum TL is 23 dB and 29 …

A Combining Two Ksvm Classifiers Based On True Pixel Values And Discrete Wavelet Transform For Mri-Based Brain Tumor Detection And Classification, Ali Mohammed, Mohammed Noaman, Hassan Azzawi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The studies on brain tumor detection and classification are continuing to improvethe specialists’ ability in diagnosis. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one ofthe most common techniques used to evaluate brain tumors diagnosis. However,brain tumors diagnosis is a difficult process due to congenital malformations andpossible errors in diagnosing benign from malignant tumors. Therefore, thisresearch aims to propose an integrated algorithm to classify brain tumors followingtwo stages using the Kernel Support Vector Machine (KSVM) classifier. Firststage classifies the tumors as normal and abnormal, and the second classifiesabnormal tumors as benign and malignant. The first KSVM employs extractionfeatures by considering the pixel values …

Design Of A Sliding Mode Controller For A Prosthetic Human Hand’S Finger, Hussein Majeed, Saleem Kadhim, Alaa Jaber

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research paper, the modeling and control of a tendon-driven, instead of joint motors, the prosthetic finger that mimics the actual human index finger were deliberated. Firstly, the dynamic model of the prosthetic finger is developed based on a 3-degree of freedom (DOF) articulated robot structure and utilizing the Lagrange equation. Then, the classical sliding mode control (CSMC) strategy was implemented to control the finger motion. To overcome the cons of CSMC, such as the chattering problem, an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) was developed.  MATLAB Simuphalange was used to perform the simulation after the necessary equations were derived. …

Modeling And Simulation Of Telescopic Hydraulic For Elevating Purposes, Istabraq Abed Al-Hady, Farag Mohammed, Jamal Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The hydraulic cylinder is widely used in industry as the load lifting structures. A telescopic hydraulic cylinder is a special design of a cylinder with a series of gradually smaller diameter tubes overlapping each other. Three-stage telescopic cylinder performance analysis is performed with the help of the Finite Element Method. Also, MATLAB Simulink is used to create a complete design of the dynamic model of the telescopic cylinder. The analysis results of characteristic curves for telescopic cylinder position, velocity, and acceleration show the simulation model's accuracy and plausibility. This package will provide a basic reference for analyzing and designing the …

Heat Transfer In Electronic Systems Printed Circuit Board: A Review, Mustafa Kadum, Ahmed Imran, Sattar Aljabair

Engineering and Technology Journal

Thermal regulation has now become a staple in the design of electronic devices. As a result of technological advances in the electronic industry, component miniaturization and thermal system management are becoming more and more important. Due to the high demand for device performance and the need for better thermal management, this paper present a detailed theoretical review of heat transfer by conventional methods in electronic devices and equipment such as air cooling, water cooling, etc. to provide an ideal framework for a practical application in electronic cooling. With reference to the possibility of investing unconventional ways to reduce the energy …

Design And Implementation Of Remote Real-Time Monitor System For Prosthetic Limbs, Hussein Mansoure, Hadeel Abdullah

Engineering and Technology Journal

Persons with Lower-limb amputations experience movement restrictions resulting in worsening their life quality. Wearable sensors are often utilized to evaluate spatial and temporal qualities and kinetic parameters that provide the mechanism to create interactive monitoring of the amputee prosthesis system. Gait events and detection of the gait phase of amputee movement are essential to control the prosthetic devices of lower limbs.  This paper presents real-time monitoring to individuals with lower limb amputation by using a medical wireless sensor. However,  the proposed system used four medical sensor nodes (such as gait, temperature, the pressure of blood, blood oxygenation (SpO2) )for transmitted …

Design And Implementation Of An Electromechanical Brake System, Haider Faisal, Farag Mohammed, Jamal Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Nowadays, hydraulic brakes are already being replaced by electromechanical brakes (EMB) to improve quick-response brakes, efficient fuel consumption, environmentally sound, simple maintenance, and enhanced safety design. It is suggested that the electromechanical brake will be one of the most important brake systems in the future. This study focuses on designing and implementing an electromechanical brake based on a brushless DC (BLDC) motor and position controller to generate and control the required braking force at a variable friction coefficient between disc and pad. A feedback controller equipped with a measuring sensor is usually utilized to control this type of brake. Thus, …

Thermal Performance Of An Evacuated-Tube Solar Collector Using Nanofluids And An Electrical Curtain Controlled By An Artificial Intelligence Technique, Hussam Rashid, Khalid Sultan, Hosham Anead

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper studies the improvement of an evacuated tube solar collectors(ETSCs) performance in two way. The first is by adding a finned electronic curtain in front of the solar collector. While the second is by using a nanofluid instead of pure water. The purpose of the curtain is to increase the amount of solar radiation reflected toward the collector. The curtain is distinguished by its self-ability to track the sun's rays automatically. The electronic curtain is also closed to shade the tubes depending on the movement of the electronic curtain's fins and the nanofluid's temperatures. MATLAB algorithm has been used …

Building Competence And Confidence Through Experiential Learning: A Case Study Of The Bengal Triathlon, Caroline E. Faure Edd; Atc

The COSMA Journal

This descriptive case study examines the perceived effectiveness of the Bengal Triathlon, an experiential learning (EL) activity integrated into a sport management course at Idaho State University. Drawing on student reflections over three years, the study highlights how this experience enhanced students’ confidence and skills in planning and managing sport events, particularly in high-pressure areas such as risk management, event logistics, and customer service. Despite participation being a course requirement, a noticeable shift in student attitudes was observed. Students moved from seeing the event as a mandatory task to taking full ownership, driven by increased motivation and enjoyment. This case …

Hsb Model Comprising Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy, And Blood Sugar Control Behaviors To Empower Older Patients With Type 2 Diabetes In Phetchaburi Province, Thailand, Phasit Sirited, Pattama Suphunnakul

Journal of Health Research

Background: This research aimed to develop an empowerment model (HSB model) to effectively control blood sugar levels and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among older patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in Phetchaburi Province, Thailand.

Methods: The study utilized a mixed-methods approach comprising two phases. Phase 1 involved quantitative research on 300 participants using questionnaires to investigate the causal factors related to blood sugar control behavior (α = 0.85). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Phase 2 used qualitative research methods, specifically focus group discussions and brainstorming with relevant parties, to develop the HSB empowerment model …

Building Capacity, Changing Teaching Practices: Insights From A Professional Development Program For Educators In A Low-Income Country, Caroline Havery, Mary Kililo, Julie Dopsie, Mary Roroi, Di Brown, Ali Moloney, Lisa Townsend, Amanda Neill, Michele Rumsey, Chris Rossiter, Thelma Ali

Pacific Journal of Health

Background

Building capacity of health professional educators in low- and middle-income countries can improve population health outcomes through upskilling the health workforce. However, education programs must respond to local contexts and challenges including participants’ needs and expectations, language difficulties, and resource limitations. This paper evaluates a program for nursing and community health worker educators in Papua New Guinea.

Methods

This qualitative descriptive study was designed and implemented using a collaborative partnership approach. It comprised six focus groups with 26 educators who were program participants. Thematic analysis examined participants’ perceptions of the program and their implementation of change projects.

Results

Four …

A Control Strategy To Keep Contactor Closed During Mcu Reset Period, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

In HV battery systems, contactors are controlled by a Microcontroller Unit (MCU) via a driver Integrated Circuit (DRV3946). A common issue arises when the MCU has a reset: the control signals from the MCU typically float or default to a state that disables the driver, causing contactor open unintentionally, which may have an impact on passenger driving experience. The proposed strategy is a hardware control that utilizes an independent signal from a Power management IC (PMIC) combined with a specific pull-up/pull-down circuit topology. This ensures the contactor driver remains closed during an MCU reset, while still allowing for a safety …

Gci #121 V5.0: Closed‑Loop Regenerative Revascularization System Integrating Acoustic Vortex Dynamics, Real‑Time Imr Feedback, And Mitochondrial Payload Synchronization, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes GCI #121 v5.0, a multi‑modal engineering system for intravascular obstruction removal and regenerative payload delivery. The system integrates several previously unreleased GCI inventions into a unified closed‑loop architecture called Closed‑Loop Regenerative Revascularization (CLRR). The design combines: (1) Acoustic vortex thrombolysis using a laminar‑helical manifold (GCI #118) and a multi‑element ultrasound array (GCI #75) to generate controlled vortex flow and acoustic energy without mechanical rotation; (2) Real‑time microvascular sensing using a fiber‑optic IMR feedback loop (GCI #14) enhanced by a quantum‑tunneling bio‑impedance switch (GCI #122) to maintain sensing accuracy during debris load; and (3) Synchronized biological …

20th Annual Research In The Capitol [Program], March 9, 2026, University Of Northern Iowa. University Honors Program. Iowa State University. Honors Program. University Of Iowa. Honors Program.

Research in the Capitol Programs

Program of research presentations given at the Capitol by students from the University of Northern Iowa, Iowa State University, and the University of Iowa.

2026 March 9 - Staff Senate Agenda And Minutes, Staff Senate, East Tennessee State University

Staff Senate Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

Perceived Black Maternal Narcissism And Their Daughters’ Delinquency: Chronicles From A Daughter’S Interpretation, Nzinga Cates

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This qualitative study examined the intricate dynamics between perceived Black narcissistic mothers and their daughters, particularly regarding potential delinquent behaviors exhibited by the daughters. By utilizing in-depth interviews with seven participants, I sought to uncover the psychological and relational factors contributing to these behaviors’ development. Thematic analysis indicated that daughters of narcissistic mothers often endure emotional neglect, manipulation, and lack of healthy role modeling. This can result in feelings of inadequacy and rebellion. Themes of identity confusion, low self-esteem, and desire for autonomy surfaced as significant contributors to the daughters’ engagement in delinquent activities. The study underscored the importance of …

Moderating Effects Of Leadership Style And Organizational Culture On Information Technology Involvement, Erick Dyson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This quantitative correlational study investigated the relationships among leadership styles, organizational culture, information technology involvement (INV), IT adoption intention (ITA), and knowledge-sharing intention (KSI) among managerial staff in educational institutions in the northeastern United States. Grounded in the technology acceptance model (TAM) and knowledge management theory, the study utilized survey responses from 141 participants in supervisory roles. Regression analyses revealed that INV significantly predicted ITA (F = 31.725, p < .001), accounting for 17.7% of the variance. However, ITA demonstrated a statistically significant but inverse relationship with KSI (F = 7.995, p < .001), indicating that greater ITA was associated with lower KSI. Hierarchical regression showed that the inclusion of leadership styles and organizational cultures improved model fit, with the final model explaining 53.3% of the variance in KSI. Charismatic, transformational, and transactional leadership styles moderated the ITA and KSI relationship, while servant and transactional leadership directly predicted KSI. Among cultural types, hierarchy and market cultures moderated the ITA and KSI relationship, while adhocracy, hierarchy, and market cultures directly predicted KSI. Seventeen significant two-factor interactions were identified, highlighting the complex interplay of leadership and culture. Reliability analyses confirmed acceptable internal consistency (α = .71 -.85), and regression diagnostics indicted no assumption violations. These findings challenge traditional TAM assumptions and emphasize the need for context-aware strategies integrating leadership and culture to enhance knowledge sharing in digitally transforming institutions.

Strategies For Bridging The Broadband Gap For An Inclusive Digital Economy, Hassana Asuku

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Broadband access remains a critical driver of digital participation and economic inclusion; however, many rural communities continue to lack adequate connectivity and remain excluded from the digital economy. Although Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policymakers, regulators, and operators prioritize expanding broadband infrastructure, limited research exists on the strategies these stakeholders use to successfully bridge rural broadband gaps. Drawing on Jan van Dijk’s resources and appropriation theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry was to explore the strategies employed by ICT policymakers, regulators, and operators to bridge the broadband gap in rural areas. Eight telecommunications industry players who had successfully …

Human Resource Management Practices’ Impact On Employee Retention, Regina Gregory

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some human resource managers (HRMs) in small- to medium-sized manufacturing industries lack effective strategies to retain employees. Organizational leaders are concerned that the lack of effective strategies to retain employees negatively affects organizational sustainability and profitability. Grounded in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry project was to explore effective strategies that seven HRMs in small- to medium-sized manufacturing industries used to retain employees for more than 5 years. The participants were seven leaders from various HRM roles within the manufacturing industry who have implemented effective employee retention strategies. Data were collected using semistructured interviews …