Digital Commons Network^™

Using A Translanguaging Framework To Examine Language Production In A Trilingual Person With Aphasia, Mira Goral, Katarina Antolovic, Zahra Hejazi, Franziska M. Schulz

Publications and Research

When language abilities in aphasia are assessed in clinical and research settings, the standard practice is to examine each language of a multilingual person separately. But many multilingual individuals, with and without aphasia, mix their languages regularly when they communicate with other speakers who share their languages. We applied a novel approach to scoring language production of a multilingual person with aphasia. Our aim was to discover whether the assessment outcome would differ meaningfully when we count accurate responses in only the target language of the assessment session versus when we apply a translanguaging framework, that is, count all accurate …

Forensic Archaeology Protocols For Wildfires And Fire Related Scenes, Erik Schulz

Nebraska Anthropologist

Forensic Archaeology Protocols for Wildfires and Fire-Related Scenes

Forensic archaeology is a relatively new area of study and focuses on the medical legal aspects of archaeology. This paper will focus on how forensic archaeology should be used for wildfire and other fire-related fatalities or investigations, what happens to bone when exposed to heat, what protocols should be in place and how an excavation should look, and finally the challenges of fire-related investigations. This report will focus on the larger scale of the investigation and will be using several sources from different wildfire and fire fatality reports.

Annual Report Of The Office Of Allied Health [Oah] 2024, Office Of Allied Health

The Aga Khan University Reports Archives

Annual report summarizing the achievements and initiatives of the Office of Allied Health (OAH) at Aga Khan University. Highlights include the development of a faculty criteria framework, standardization of traineeship programs across 12 departments, expansion of research initiatives, enhancement of virtual learning environments, and launch of the Allied Health Alumni Network. The report reflects OAH’s commitment to advancing Allied Health education, practice, and research through innovation, collaboration, and community engagement.

Trauma-Informed Care: Victim's Advocacy At The Individual Level, Jody Kunk-Czaplicki

Mather Center Research Briefs

This brief reviews core elements of trauma-informed care, and how these are applied when supporting individual survivors through advocacy.

Artificial Intelligence (Ai) In Patent Practice: No Patent Attorneys Were Harmed In The Making Of This Ai Revolution (Book), Roberto Rosas, Juan Vasquez, Dianisa Erica Sosa, Francisco Javier Hernandez-Rodriguez, Daniel Kovach

Faculty Articles

This book provides a comprehensive examination of the rapidly evolving role of artificial intelligence (AI) in the patent law profession. Rather than a traditional legal text, this work offers an in-depth exploration of the profound impacts AI will have on patent attorneys' workflows and practices.

The central inquiry posies whether AI will ultimately replace patent attorneys or serve as a powerful complementary technology. This study contends that AI is poised to become an indispensable tool that augments and enhances the patent attorney's capabilities rather than renders them obsolete. Through detailed analysis of a patent attorney's typical workweek utilizing AI assistance, …

Youth Literacy And Social Practices In A Gaming Club, Abdul R. Siddiqui

Theses and Dissertations

One of the growing phenomena of our digital age is the proliferation of digital fan spaces (Gee, 2018). Dedicated to a specific fandom or activity, these spaces have allowed participants to play competitively, share videos with each other, create fanfiction, provide feedback to one another and engage in a host of literacies around something they share an affinity for (Black, 2009; Gee, 2017a). Through advances in technology, access to multiple tools and highly specialized knowledge of specific subjects, youth can now create communities in online spaces where they can engage in complex activities with their friends and fellow gamers without …

Effects Of Low-Cost, Low-Tech Tools For Riparian Restoration On Prairie Streams In Western South Dakota, James Andrew Joseph Bolyard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite making up less than two percent of the overall landscape in the arid and semi-arid western US, riparian areas are a crucial resource for agriculture, livestock, and wildlife. However, many have impaired function and reduced riparian cover. Low-Cost, Low-Tech Tools (LCLTT) are a subset of Process-Based Restoration (PBR) used for riparian restoration that were chosen for their cost-effectiveness and minimal technical requirements. LCLTT has been tested in mountainous areas of the western US but only recently implemented in the Northern Great Plains (NGP). Given their novelty as an approach toward restoration for the region, professional restoration and landowner communities …

Predicting An Optimal Medication/Prescription Regimen For Patient Discordant Chronic Comorbidities Using Multi-Output Models, Ichchha Pradeep Sharma, Tam Nguyen, Shruti Ajay Singh, Tom Ongwere

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on addressing the complex healthcare needs of patients struggling with discordant chronic comorbidities (DCCs). Managing these patients within the current healthcare system often proves to be a challenging process, characterized by evolving treatment needs necessitating multiple medical appointments and coordination among different clinical specialists. This makes it difficult for both patients and healthcare providers to set and prioritize medications and understand potential drug interactions. The primary motivation of this research is the need to reduce medication conflict and optimize medication regimens for individuals with DCCs. To achieve this, we allowed patients to specify their health conditions and …

The Relationship Of Macronutrient Intake With Growth In Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Jessica L. Freeling

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Child growth, a sensitive metric of overall health, results from the intricate interplay of nature and nurture. While the importance of nutrition in child growth is well established, growth trajectories exhibit substantial individual variability, influenced by sex and age, and often characterized by nonlinear patterns. Inadequate nutrition or disease can hinder growth, with potential for recovery upon proper nutrition or acute disease resolution. However, chronic disease or persistent malnutrition may lead to permanent growth perturbation. Notably, before the advent of insulin, chronic stunting and wasting were hallmarks of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), though the specific impacts under modern standard …

Effect Of Adjunctive Incorporation Of Nanoparticles Of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate And Chlorhexidine On Properties Of An Etch-And-Rinse Bonding Agent, Hussein Elshikha, Elsayed Gad, Noha Sheta

Mansoura Journal of Dentistry

Objective: To assess the effect of the addition of nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) and chlorhexidine (CHX) on the properties of an etch-and-rinse adhesive regarding the bond strength to caries-affected dentine (CAD) and the NACP remineralization efficacy.

Materials and Methods: Dentine surfaces from 80 human molars were subjected to pH cycling and then divided into 4 groups (n=20): adhesive without additives (control group), 5% wt/wt NACP added to the adhesive (NACP group), 0.1% CHX added to the adhesive (CHX group), and addition of 5%wt/wt NACP and 0.1% CHX to the adhesive (NACP+CHX group). After acid etching, the adhesive for …

War Crimes As Vocabulary Shaping The Visible, Rebecca Mignot-Mahdavi

Saint Louis University Law Journal

The traditional exclusion of sexual violence and rape from the ambit of international humanitarian law stems from the long-established masculinist perception of war and the exacerbated invisibility of women and girls in that context. International criminal law tried to recognize this traditionally invisible suffering and pain in armed conflicts by characterizing rape and sexual violence as war crimes. This contribution explores the effect of the recognition of rape and sexual violence as war crimes on conflicts and societies as a case study to explore the use of war crimes and international criminal law—rather than International Humanitarian Law (“IHL”) norms—as a …

Masthead

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Refugee Identities At The Mercy Of Legal Determination, Rosário Frada

Saint Louis University Law Journal

The Refugee Status Determination process bears immediate repercussions not only on the formulation of refugee narrative identities, but on how asylum-seekers construct their very sense of self alongside their relationship to their past and future. Yet, International Refugee Law provides no guidance over status determination procedures, establishing a legal void that confers disproportionate power to State discretion. In an epoch characterized by exclusionary non-entrée regimes propelled by a post-9/11 securitization logic, the myopic fixation on border control has generated a dehumanizing surveillance machinery that transformed the asylum system into a threatening opponent of refugee protection, eliminating individual subjectivity and undermining …

Table Of Contents

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Doing Less—Reflections On Cognitive Load And Hard Choices In Teaching First-Year Legal Writing, Ellie Margolis

Saint Louis University Law Journal

The evolving landscape of legal research and writing (LRW) education requires LRW professors to balance a multitude of expectations and demands in the process of teaching foundational skills and ensuring that students are “practice-ready.” This essay argues that attempting to cover too wide an array of skills and competencies often leads to ineffective learning outcomes and suggests that a “less is more” approach may be more beneficial. It explores the challenges faced by LRW professors in teaching a comprehensive set of skills while ensuring students can transfer their learning to new contexts. Drawing on research and personal teaching experiences, the …

The Adaptable Legal Writer, Katrina Lee

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Today, more than ever, lawyers must constantly adapt—quickly and with deliberateness. This Article shines a light on the need to teach law students adaptability in law practice, and the central role of the legal writing professor in that endeavor. Part II explores the need for adaptability in a lawyer’s career. Part III provides an overview of three adaptability approaches from the legal writing pedagogy literature: information literacy, genre discovery, and the contextual case method. Part IV closes with a reflection on key features of adaptability pedagogy in legal writing—curiosity, inquisitiveness, and ethicality—and its general application in legal education. At heart …

Flattening The Learning Curve For International J.D. Students, Sylvia Lett

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Non-U.S. lawyers entering U.S. law schools in accelerated J.D. degree programs (known as the “AJD” – Advanced Juris Doctor Program at Arizona Law) face particular challenges adapting to 1L legal research, analysis, and communication classes. First, English is not the typical lingua franca for AJD students, many of whom come from civil law countries and are faced with the challenge of learning legal writing methods for an American common-law legal system. Second, AJD students earn a U.S. J.D. degree in only two years because these accelerated programs give one year of “credit” for their non-U.S. law degrees. As a consequence, …

And The Results Are In … Reviewing The Results Of The First Year Larc Research Exam Wherein Some Of The Questions Were Redesigned To Meet The Expectations Of The Next Gen Bar Exam Format, Christine E. Rollins

Saint Louis University Law Journal

In 2010, the faculty of St. Louis University School of Law implemented a research exam to test student competencies after their first year of law school. Since its creation, the exam has helped students feel more secure starting their first legal internships, allowed faculty to identify areas of decreased competency, and helped faculty find “better” ways to teach legal research and writing material. In anticipation of the implementation of the NextGen Bar exam in July 2026, the faculty determined that it was necessary to make some changes to the research exam in order to both gather data on students’ responses …

Distraction Or Necessity: A Post-Pandemic Examination Of Digital Devices In The Law School Classroom, Marcia Goldsmith, Karen Sanner

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Digital devices are a constant presence in the law school classroom; however, faculty members and students report mixed feelings about the role of digital devices in the classroom learning experience. While data suggests that use of digital devices has a deleterious effect on acquiring and retaining information, digital device usage is sometimes helpful and often necessary to facilitate learning in the modern law school classroom.

This article draws upon ideas from Professor James M. Lang in his book Distracted: Why Students Can’t Focus and What You Can Do About (Hatchette Book Group Inc. 1st ed. 2020), identifies the reasons that …

Teamwork Makes A Dream Work: Collaboration In The Legal Writing, Brenda D. Gibson

Saint Louis University Law Journal

This essay provides insights into the benefits (and some of the challenges) encountered when two relatively seasoned legal writing professors decided to collaborate in their first-year legal writing courses. The essay, in self-deprecating candor, describes how my colleague and I leveraged our individual strengths to improve our legal writing students’ learning experience. Along the way, a friendship, born of deep respect, was formed.

Collaboration defined simply is no more than “a process of working with others to accomplish something.”[1] To that end, collaborative teaching, i.e., team teaching is typically two or more faculty members working together to develop instructional …

“With Great Power Comes Great Responsibility”: Improving Your Feedback And Hallmarks Of Effective Feedback, Randall P. Ryder

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Effective feedback can change a law student’s trajectory in law school and beyond. The feedback-centric nature of experiential learning courses allows law students to both develop their skills and personal lawyering style. However, many experiential instructors are from a different generation, with different expectations and communication styles than today’s law students. This article highlights hallmarks of effective feedback for the modern law school classroom. As the field of law continues to evolve, law schools will need to as well.

This article discusses four key hallmarks: (1) provide feedback in multiple formats,(2) help each student develop their personal style, (3) explain …

Masthead

Saint Louis University Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Artificial Intelligence And The Practice Of Law: A Chat With Chatgpt, Grant M. Gamm

Saint Louis University Law Journal

In late 2022, OpenAI introduced ChatGPT to the world. At the time of writing this article, ChatGPT and other generative AI models were no longer used only to generate silly responses but were being considered for substantive work in our daily lives. Specifically, this article highlights how ChatGPT and other learned language models can have a strong impact on the practice of law. Within this article, the uses of these forms of AI are explained on multiple levels: the individual attorney, the law firm, and the non-attorney. Along with its diverse applications, this article delves into potential ethical dilemmas and …

Prioritizing Student Well-Being: Name And Pronoun Policies In K-12 Schools, Manni Jandernoa

Saint Louis University Law Journal

While federal protections against discrimination for LGBTQ students have increased in the past few years, at the same time state legislatures have proposed hundreds of anti-LGBTQ bills targeting transgender youth. With more students identifying as transgender or nonbinary, there is a need for clear policies on the usage of chosen names and pronouns in K-12 public schools. Schools need to be prepared to handle transgender and nonbinary students before a need arises. This article discusses the potential conflicts between the individual interests involved when name and pronoun policies are applied in K-12 public schools.

When drafting and enforcing name and …

Better Together: Building Community In The Lrw Classroom, Olympia Duhart

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Better Together: Building Community in the LRW Classroom emphasizes the importance of building a strong community within the Legal Research and Writing (“LRW”) classroom. A robust LRW community helps mitigate the stress associated with the course and equips students to manage the rigorous demands of law school. Given the challenges facing today’s law students and the unique challenges that characterize LRW, developing community in the LRW classroom should be a primary focus of effective law school training. This Article highlights the work of Thomas Hawk and Paul Lyons, who have studied the concept of “pedagogical caring” in higher education. The …

Accommodating Trans Rights, Susan V. Hazeldean

Saint Louis University Law Journal

In the last few years, state legislatures have advanced a record number of bills aimed at restricting the rights of transgender and gender non-conforming people. In the 2023 legislative session alone, 510 bills were introduced across the nation that would ban gender-affirming healthcare, weaken protection from discrimination in employment, public accommodations, and hospitals, censor drag shows, limit access to books about LGBTQ people, and exclude trans people from bathrooms and locker rooms, among other things. To many, these proposed bills are efforts to exclude transgender people from public life and effectively legislate them out of existence. Such attacks are likely …

Debunking The Narrowness Narrative In Lgbtq Religious Exemption Claims, Kyle C. Velte

Saint Louis University Law Journal

In three recent cases—Masterpiece Cakeshop, Ltd. v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, Fulton v. City of Philadelphia, and 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis—the U.S. Supreme Court held in favor of a conservative Christian claimant who sought a religious exemption, reasoning that the First Amendment’s Free Exercise or Free Speech clause exempted the claimant from complying with a validly enacted antidiscrimination provision barring discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity.

Many legal scholars and commentators have decried these decisions as radically altering First Amendment law at the expense of LGBTQ civil rights. In contrast, many national LGBTQ …

The Return Of Boy Scouts Of America V. Dale, Elizabeth Sepper

Saint Louis University Law Journal

In 2000, the Supreme Court’s decision in Boy Scouts of America v. Dale seemed to upend the law of freedom of association. Fears surfaced that the right of expressive association would be “an easy trump of any antidiscrimination law”—and perhaps other regulations of conduct. Organizations from schools to employers, social service providers to unions, could mount constitutional claims against the inclusion of individuals unwanted because of their sex, sexuality, race, disability, or beyond.

Instead, lower courts read Dale narrowly. Expressive associational rights would, it seemed, be bound by the facts of the case. Freedom of association would not override equality …

Bridges You Cannot Burn: Antifragile Dispute Resolution For Children With Disabilities, Michelle Brady

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Families of children with disabilities need an indestructible bridge to their support network. In this article, I use Nassim Taleb’s concept of antifragility to describe ways to resolve conflict that simultaneously strengthen the relationship of the parties. Last year, the Supreme Court decided Perez v. Sturgis Public Schools, in which a public school assigned an unqualified interpreter to Miguel Perez, who is deaf; inflated his grades to inclusion on the honor roll; and refused him graduation. His parents sought relief under two federal disability laws, and the Court unanimously held that the family could recover under both laws, granting …

Transnationalization Of Legal Education: A Confluence Of Multiple Factors Review Of “The Globalization Of Legal Education: A Critical Perspective” By Bryant Garth And Gregory Shaffer, Md. Rizwanul Islam

Saint Louis University Law Journal

Legal education across many parts of the world is increasingly transnationalized. Transnationalized legal education is a metamorphosis propelled by a combination of factors, some endogenous to the law school and legal community, some exogenous to them. This review essay finds that globalization and reform of legal education are often part of a broader change within a state. Any reform of legal education is often chaotic, as it deals with human actors, not with value-free formulas. The engineers of reform of legal education have not been a single or cohesive force, but more often groups of reformers have coalesced with others …