Digital Commons Network^™

Changes In The Regulation Of The Unfolded Protein Response During Aging In Peromyscus, Elham Soltanmohammadi

Theses and Dissertations

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been linked to various metabolic pathologies, neurodegeneration, and aging. Although various mechanistic aspects of the resulting unfolded protein response (UPR) have been elucidated, its regulation in genetically diverse populations remains elusive. In the present study we evaluated the expression of chaperones BiP/GRP78, GRP94 and calnexin (CANX) in the lungs, liver, and brain of 7 months old and 2–3 years old outbred deer mice P. maniculatus and P. leucopus. Chaperones’ _expression was highly variable between species, tissues and ages suggesting that levels of expression of individual chaperones do not change consistently during aging. Despite this variation, …

Exploring The Student Experience In An Asynchronous Virtual Introductory Biology Course, Eve Abraha, Lauren Crowe

Teaching and Learning Together in Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Integrated Stem Cell Signature And Cytomolecular Risk Determination In Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia., Benjamin J. Huang, Jenny L. Smith, Jason E. Farrar, Yi-Cheng Wang, Masayuki Umeda, Rhonda E. Ries, Amanda R. Leonti, Erin Crowgey, Scott N. Furlan, Katherine Tarlock, Marcos Armendariz, Yanling Liu, Timothy I. Shaw, Lisa Wei, Robert B. Gerbing, Todd M. Cooper, Alan S. Gamis, Richard Aplenc, E Anders Kolb, Jeffrey Rubnitz, Jing Ma, Jeffery M. Klco, Xiaotu Ma, Todd A. Alonzo, Timothy Triche, Soheil Meshinchi

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Relapsed or refractory pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor outcomes and relapse risk prediction approaches have not changed significantly in decades. To build a robust transcriptional risk prediction model for pediatric AML, we perform RNA-sequencing on 1503 primary diagnostic samples. While a 17 gene leukemia stem cell signature (LSC17) is predictive in our aggregated pediatric study population, LSC17 is no longer predictive within established cytogenetic and molecular (cytomolecular) risk groups. Therefore, we identify distinct LSC signatures on the basis of AML cytomolecular subtypes (LSC47) that were more predictive than LSC17. Based on these findings, we build a …

Facilitating Open Science Without Sacrificing Ip Rights, Or Cohen Sasson, Ofer Tur‐Sinai

Articles

No abstract provided.

Gamma Protocadherin Synaptic Localization And Intracellular Trafficking Is Consistent With Distinct Adhesive And Anti-Adhesive Roles In Development, Nicole Lamassa

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Clustered protocadherins (Pcdhs) constitute a family of cell adhesion molecules with approximately 60 Pcdh genes clustered in a 1 MB locus on chromosome 5q31 in humans. The Pcdh gene cluster is subdivided into α, β, and γ subclusters which encode related proteins. Individual neurons activate different subsets of Pcdh-α, Pcdh-β and Pcdh-γ genes by epigenetic mechanisms to generate distinct Pcdh adhesive units expressed by each neuron. This is thought to serve as a “surface barcode” for single-cell identity and synaptic recognition in the nervous system. The actual role for Pcdhs in neural development is still relatively unknown and different roles …

Cassandra Thompson Shows Danger To Frogs From Pesticide, But Points Out A Solution, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Modeling Of Aba-Dependent Expression Of The Arabidopsis Rd29a Gene, Ruth Ndathe, Renee Dale, Naohiro Kato

Faculty Publications

The abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway is the key defense mechanism against drought stress in plants. In the pathway, signal transduction among four core proteins, pyrabactin resistance (PYR), protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), sucrose-non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2), and ABRE binding factor (ABF) leads to altered gene expression kinetics that is driven by an ABA-responsive element (ABRE). A most recent and comprehensive study provided data suggesting that ABA alters the expression kinetics in over 6,500 genes through the ABF-ABRE associations in Arabidopsis. Of these genes, termed ABA gene regulatory network (GRN), over 50% contain a single ABRE within 4 kb of …

Bone Marrow Endothelial Cells Increase Prostate Cancer Cell Apoptosis In 3d Triculture Model Of Reactive Stroma, Lindsey K Sablatura, Tristen V Tellman, Aemin Kim, Mary C Farach-Carson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The bone marrow tumor microenvironment (BMTE) is a complex network of cells, extracellular matrix, and sequestered signaling factors that initially act as a hostile environment for disseminating tumor cells (DTCs) from the cancerous prostate. Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems offer an opportunity to better model these complex interactions in reactive stroma, providing contextual behaviors for cancer cells, stromal cells, and endothelial cells. Using a new system designed for the triculture of osteoblastic prostate cancer (PCa) cells, stromal cells, and microvascular endothelial cells, we uncovered a context-specific pro-apoptotic effect of endothelial cells of the bone marrow different from those derived from the …

Partialing Alters Interpersonal Correlates Of Negative Affective Symptoms And Traits: A Circumplex Illustration, Steven E. Carlson, Timothy W. Smith, Paula G. Williams, Kimberly A. Parkhurst, Ruben Tinajero, Christian Goans, Michiyo Hirai, John M. Ruiz

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

Introduction

Negative affective symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, and anger) are correlated and have parallel associations with outcomes, as do related personality traits (i.e., facets of neuroticism), often prompting statistical control (i.e., partialing) to determine independent effects. However, such adjustments among predictor variables can alter their construct validity. In three studies, the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) and a related analytic approach (i.e., Structural Summary Method) were used to evaluate changes in interpersonal correlates of negative affective characteristics resulting from partialing.

Methods

Samples of undergraduates (Sample 1 n = 3283; Sample 2 = 688) and married couples (n = 300 couples) completed …

Cochlear Ribbon Synapse Maturation Requires Nlgn1 And Nlgn3, Miguel A Ramirez, Yuzuru Ninoyu, Cayla Miller, Leonardo R Andrade, Seby Edassery, Ewa Bomba-Warczak, Briana Ortega, Uri Manor, Mark A Rutherford, Rick A Friedman, Jeffrey N Savas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Hearing depends on precise synaptic transmission between cochlear inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons through afferent ribbon synapses. Neuroligins (Nlgns) facilitate synapse maturation in the brain, but they have gone unstudied in the cochlea. We report

Knowing When To Fold'em: A Monte Carlo Exploration Of Card Shuffling And How Poker Players Can Gain An Advantage, David W. Merz, Peter B. Chi

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

This work demonstrates that the card shuffling procedure commonly performed in casino poker rooms is insufficient for randomizing a deck of cards. We explore this in the context of Texas Hold’em, which has established itself as the most popular form of poker worldwide over the past few decades. We show the degree to which the resulting distribution of the orderings of all 52 cards in the deck after shuffling is not uniform. Rather, any given card may be substantially more (or less) likely to show up as an important card in the subsequent hand. Additionally, we find that the shuffling …

“I’M Not Just Made For Men”: How Online Sex Workers Manage Misogyny, Sarah Dellner

Honors Program Theses and Projects

Online sex work, or erotic labor, refers to sexual services that are provided via the Internet for compensation. Views of sex work range from empowering and agentic for sex workers, rife with violence and victimization. Various frameworks (Jones, 2016 Vance, 1984; Weitzer, 2010) examine the balance between these extremes; but often lacks nuance. I examined female and non-binary online sex workers’ experiences with misogyny and how they cope with it. Zoom interviews were conducted with 15 participants ranging from 18 to 33 years old. Using an intersectional feminist lens and thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2020), two overarching themes were …

Analysis Effect Of Shade Level On The Physiological And Anatomical Characteristics Of Hybrid Phalaenopsis Orchid At The Acclimatization Stage, Ade Arisma Fauziah, Nintya Setiari, Endang Saptiningsih

Jurnal Kultivasi

Production of hybrid Phalaenopsis seedlings is generally applied by in vitro culture techniques. The final stage of in vitro culture is acclimatization. The acclimatization stage is crucial because the plantlets must adapt to the ex-vitro environment. Shade supports plantlet growth during the early stages of acclimatization. This study aims to determine the effect of shade level on the physiological and anatomical characteristics of the Phalaenopsis hybrid orchid at the acclimatization stage. The research used Phalaenopsis plantlet hybrid and shading level. Plantlets were shaded at 40%, 55%, and 70%. Parameters measured included: photosynthetic pigment content, number and area of leaves, number …

A Central Alarm System That Gates Multi-Sensory Innate Threat Cues To The Amygdala, Sukjae J Kang, Shijia Liu, Mao Ye, Dong-Il Kim, Gerald M Pao, Bryan A Copits, Benjamin Z Roberts, Kuo-Fen Lee, Michael R Bruchas, Sung Han

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Perception of threats is essential for survival. Previous findings suggest that parallel pathways independently relay innate threat signals from different sensory modalities to multiple brain areas, such as the midbrain and hypothalamus, for immediate avoidance. Yet little is known about whether and how multi-sensory innate threat cues are integrated and conveyed from each sensory modality to the amygdala, a critical brain area for threat perception and learning. Here, we report that neurons expressing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the parvocellular subparafascicular nucleus in the thalamus and external lateral parabrachial nucleus in the brainstem respond to multi-sensory threat cues from various …

Advancing The Portability, Field Of View, And Spatiotemporal Resolution Of Multi-Parametric Photoacoustic Microscopy, Fenghe Zhong

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Capable of structural, functional, molecular, and metabolic imaging with high spatial resolution in vivo, photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is an emerging tool in biomedical research. Further, recent advances in multi-parametric acquisition and analysis make PAM uniquely capable of simultaneously mapping the total concentration of hemoglobin (CHb), oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (sO2), and blood flow speed. However, there are multiple major limitations, including, the large footprint, low imaging speed, limited imaging contrast, and insufficient axial resolution, which impedance its applications in basic and translational research. In this dissertation, I presented potential solutions to overcome the limitations above.In the first part of this …

Synthesis And Anticancer Evaluation Of Novel Pyrazolo[1,5-A]Pyrimidines: Discovery Of A Novel Lead Compound With Selective Activities Against Vps34 And Jak1-Jh2 Pseudokinase, Reuben Dass

Theses and Dissertations

A library of 25 novel 3,6-disubstituted and 3-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines were synthesized using a microwave chemical reactor in 3 steps with a total reaction time of 1 hour. The products were obtained in good to excellent yields (20-93%, ave. = 62%). The synthesis began with the reaction of aryl acetonitriles with dimethylformamide-dimethylacetal (120C, 20 min), followed by treatment of the resulting 2-arylacrylonitrile with H2NNH2 • HBr (120C, 20 min). The intermediate 4-arylpyrazol-5-amine obtained was finally reacted with either 2-aryl-substituted malondialdehydes or 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (120C, 20 min) to give the final products. The products were either collected directly on a Buchner funnel or …

Longitudinal Expression Profiling Identifies A Poor Risk Subset Of Patients With Abc-Type Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma, F Bewicke-Copley, K Korfi, S Araf, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

Despite the effectiveness of immuno-chemotherapy, 40% of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) experience relapse or refractory disease. Longitudinal studies have previously focused on the mutational landscape of relapse but fell short of providing a consistent relapse-specific genetic signature. In our study, we have focussed attention on the changes in gene expression profile accompanying DLBCL relapse using archival paired diagnostic/relapse specimens from 38 de novo DLBCL patients. Cell of origin remained stable from diagnosis to relapse in 80% of patients, with only a single patient showing COO switching from ABC to GCB. Analysis of the transcriptomic changes that occur …

دور الخصائص النفسية والاجتماعية للبيئة الأسرية في اضطراب فرط النشاط الحركي لدى تلاميذ المدارس الابتدائية, م.د. عدنان علي حمزة

Midad AL-Adab Refereed Quarterly Journal

تشير الدراسات حديثاً وجود مشكلة فرط النشاط الحركي لدى نسبة من الأطفال بأعمار ما قبل المدرسة وأثنائها ، ويؤكد أخصائيو الصحة المدرسية، فضلاً عن عيادات الطب النفسي إلى تسببها بمشكلات نفسية وصحية وتربوية واجتماعية وقانونية، وتقدر نسبة وجودها عالمياً بـ(6-9%)، كما تقدر الخسائر المادية بـ(98) مليون دولار سنويا، وإن نسبة(23%)من هؤلاء الأطفال يذهبون ضحايا أو يتسببون بنسبة مماثلة من الوفيات للآخرين جراء سرعتهم وضعف انتباههم، وفي الوقت الذي تعطي فيه الدراسات البيولوجية نسبة(43%) من السببية للوراثة، فإن الدراسات في ميدان النفس اجتماعي أعطت الدور الأكبر للتنشئة الأسرية، وقد دلَّ المختصون في الشأن النفسي العراقي مؤخراً على وجود مشكلة سلوك فرط …

An Auto-Inhibited State Of Protein Kinase G And Implications For Selective Activation, Rajesh Sharma, Jeong Joo Kim, Liying Qin, Philipp Henning, Madoka Akimoto, Bryan Vanschouwen, Gundeep Kaur, Banumathi Sankaran, Kevin R Mackenzie, Giuseppe Melacini, Darren E Casteel, Friedrich W Herberg, Choel Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs) are key mediators of the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling pathway that regulates biological functions as diverse as smooth muscle contraction, cardiac function, and axon guidance. Understanding how cGMP differentially triggers mammalian PKG isoforms could lead to new therapeutics that inhibit or activate PKGs, complementing drugs that target nitric oxide synthases and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in this signaling axis. Alternate splicing of PRKG1 transcripts confers distinct leucine zippers, linkers, and auto-inhibitory (AI) pseudo-substrate sequences to PKG Iα and Iβ that result in isoform-specific activation properties, but the mechanism of enzyme auto-inhibition and its alleviation …

Glycan Shield Of The Ebolavirus Envelope Glycoprotein Gp, Weiwei Peng, Vamseedhar Rayaprolu, Amar D Parvate, Matti F Pronker, Sean Hui, Diptiben Parekh, Kelly Shaffer, Xiaoying Yu, Erica O Saphire, Joost Snijder

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The envelope glycoprotein GP of the ebolaviruses is essential for host cell entry and the primary target of the host antibody response. GP is heavily glycosylated with up to 17 N-linked sites, numerous O-linked glycans in its disordered mucin-like domain (MLD), and three predicted C-linked mannosylation sites. Glycosylation is important for host cell attachment, GP stability and fusion activity, and shielding from neutralization by serum antibodies. Here, we use glycoproteomics to profile the site-specific glycosylation patterns of ebolavirus GP. We detect up to 16 unique O-linked glycosylation sites in the MLD, and two O-linked sites in the receptor-binding GP1 subunit. …

Synthetic Studies On Oxidative Dearomatization Reactions And Applications In Synthesis Of The Kb343 Core Structure, And Investigation Of Bioactive Thiazolidines, Marian Awadalla

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations - Archive

Natural products have inspired researchers over the years due to their complexity and biological activity. Organic chemists have made great efforts to investigate new unambiguous methodologies toward the synthesis of these complex structures. Moreover, the synergy between total chemical synthesis and medicinal applications to evaluate the biological activity of the isolated compounds significantly raised the desire for discovery of novel synthetic approaches. The research described in this dissertation focuses on oxidative dearomatization reactions as a key reaction to construct natural products. The three specific aims are as follows: Aim 1: investigation of the applications of oxidative dearomatization reactions for different …

Table Of Contents - 2022, Usc Upstate Account

University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal

• The Editorial Board, ii
• Are Times A-Changin’? Exploring Current Perceptions of Individuals Based on Sexual and Relationship Orientations, 1
  Leah Howard and Kenneth Barideaux
• The Social Cognitive Model of Leadership Perceptions: Proposing a Dynamic, Integrated Theory of Leadership Identification and Appraisal, 10 Leah Howard and Justin Travis
• Femininity as Disability in Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar, 18
  Shae Kirkus and Monika Shehi Herr
• The Minor Fall, the Major Lift? College Students Do Not Report Listening to Mood-Congruent Music, 22
  Hannah Leonhardt, James Bunde, and Andrew Beer
• The Boy from 6B: How Only Murders in the Building Created Groundbreaking …

Removing Systemic Barriers To Equity, Diversity, And Inclusion: Report Of The 2019 Plant Science Research Network Workshop “Inclusivity In The Plant Sciences”, Natalie A. Henkhaus, Wolfgang Busch, Angela Chen, Adán Colón-Carmona, Maya Cothran, Nicolas Diaz, José Pablo Dundore-Arias, Michael Gonzales, Denita Hadziabdic, Rebecca A. Hayes, Gustavo C. Macintosh, Ali Na, Blessing Nyamasoka-Magonziwa, Dianne Pater, F. Christopher Peritore-Galve, Tara Phelps-Durr, Kerry Rouhier, Delanie B. Sickler, John H. Starnes, Quentin R. Tyler, Evelyn Valdez-Ward, Miguel E. Vega-Sánchez, Ron R. Walcott, Joy K. Ward, Sarah E. Wyatt, Felipe Zapata, Ash T. Zemenick, David B. Stern

Biology, Agriculture and Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

A future in which scientific discoveries are valued and trusted by the general public cannot be achieved without greater inclusion and participation of diverse communities. To envision a path towards this future, in January 2019 a diverse group of researchers, educators, students, and administrators gathered to hear and share personal perspectives on equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in the plant sciences. From these broad perspectives, the group developed strategies and identified tactics to facilitate and support EDI within and beyond the plant science community. The workshop leveraged scenario planning and the richness of its participants to develop recommendations aimed at …

Preparation, Spectroscopy, Biological Activities And Thermodynamic Studies Of New Complexes Of Some Metal Ions With 2-[5-(2-Hydroxy-Phenyl)- 1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2-Ylimino]-Methyl-Naphthalen-1-Ol], Naser Shaalan

Baghdad Science Journal

This study describes the preparation of new series of tetra-dentate N2O2 dinuclear complexes (Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+) of the Schiff base derived from condensation of 1-Hydroxy-naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde with 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole. The structures of the ligands were identified using IR, UV-Vis , mass, elemental analysis and 1H-NMR techniques. All prepared complexes have been characterized by conductance measurement, magnetic susceptibility, electronic spectra, infrared spectrum, theromgravimatric analysis (TGA) and metal analysis by atomic absorption. From stoichiometry of metal to ligand and all measurements show a octahedral geometry proposed for all complexes of the (Cr3+, Co2+, Cu2+). conductivity measurement shows that of the prepared (Co2+, Cu2+) complexes …

Genomewide Crispr/Cas9 Screen Identifies Network Of Protein Complexes That Regulate Trim24, Lalit Patel

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

TRIM24 is an oncogenic chromatin reader that is frequently overexpressed in human tumors and associated with poor prognosis. However, TRIM24 is rarely mutated, duplicated, or rearranged in cancer. This raises questions about how TRIM24 is regulated and whether changes in its regulation are responsible for its activity in cancer.

To investigate this possibility, I performed a genomewide CRISPR/Cas9 screen library using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) to identify regulators of TRIM24. The screen was enabled by two innovations. I engineered cells with an in-frame knock-in of mClover3 to the endogenous copy of TRIM24 to allow fluorescent monitoring of TRIM24 expression …

Biological Interaction Of Mn-Based Nanomaterials With Capsicum Annuum L. Under Salinity Stress, Yuqing Ye

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The foliar application of nanomaterials as a method to overcome abiotic stress is relatively new compared to their use as fertilizers or pesticides in agricultural practice. It is also vital to understand the interface between leaf and nanomaterials, as nanomaterials might translocate into crop edible tissues, thus, causing potential toxicity in living beings during food consumption. In this dissertation, salt-stressed Capsicum annuum L was exposed to manganese (Mn) -based nanomaterials (Mn2O3 nanoparticles (MnNPs) and graphene quantum dots doped with Mn (GQD-Mn)) at different stages (seed germination and full life cycle). The dissertation focuses on investigating the mechanism of how Mn-based …

Cell Plasticity In Regeneration In The Stomach And Beyond, Mahliyah Adkins-Threats, Jason C Mills

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recent studies using cell lineage-tracing techniques, organoids, and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses have revealed: 1) adult organs use cell plasticity programs to recruit progenitor cells to regenerate tissues after injury, and 2) plasticity is far more common than previously thought, even in homeostasis. Here, we focus on the complex interplay of normal stem cell differentiation and plasticity in homeostasis and after injury, using the gastric epithelium as a touchstone. We also examine common features of regenerative programs and discuss the evolutionarily conserved, stepwise process of paligenosis which reprograms mature cells into progenitors that can repair damaged tissue. Finally, we discuss …

Determination Of The Functional Role Of Rab-Ggt In Physcomitrium Patens., Hyun Jin Jung

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Protein prenylation, a common lipid post-translational modification, is required for growth and development in eukaryotes. Rab geranylgeranylation involves the addition of one or two 20-carbon geranylgeranyl moieties to Rab-GTPase target proteins, which regulate intracellular vesicle trafficking. The reaction is carried out by heterodimeric Rab geranylgeranyltransferase (Rab-GGT), which is composed of two associated α- and β-subunits, with the assistance of an additional protein called Rab escort protein (REP). Loss of function of the Rab-GGT α subunit RGTA1 has not been reported in any plant. While knockout of either of the two β subunits RGTB1 or RGTB2 results in …

Identification Of Genomic, Proteomic, And Metabolomic Signatures Associated With Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome In Broilers, Duaa Almansaf

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The present dissertation contains a collection of studies that examine the genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic association to pulmonary hypertension or ascites phenotype in fast-growing broilers. Pulmonary hypertension is a multifactorial metabolic disease influenced by physiological, environmental, and nutritional factors. It is characterized by a number of structural changes including, thrombosis and adverse pulmonary vascular remodeling. Thus, the atrial pressure is increased, and the right ventricle becomes hypertrophied, resulting in heart failure and the death of the bird. Pulmonary hypertension or ascites is a global problem that has negatively impacted the economy. The increased mortality rate of broilers (25%) is estimated …

Conservation Genetics Of A Declining Bumble Bee In Western North America; The Influence Of Geography, Dispersal Limitation, And Anthopogenic Activity, Ashley T. Rohde

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Conservation biology addresses the problem of species loss by identifying species in need of protection. Conservation biology has subfields to address different aspects of biodiversity loss, including genetics and sociology. I used genetic approaches to assess the conservation status of western bumble bees, a bumble bee species of conservation concern.

The western bumble bee is a bumble bee species that ranges from Alaska to New Mexico and as far east as Wyoming and Colorado. This species is disappearing in some places. It may soon be listed as endangered in the United States and is already listed as endangered in parts …