Digital Commons Network^™

Study Of Tetracycline Detection In Milk By Pre-Incubation Mediated Signal Enhanced Colloidal Gold Method, Chen Ju-Yi, Wu Yu-Han, Yao Li, Xu Zhou, Wu Qian, Chen Wei

Food and Machinery

Based on the traditional colloidal strip, the pre-incubation reaction model was adopted, which was performed in the homogeneous aqueous solution between the colloid gold labeled antibody and analyte. This pre-incubation reaction was used to improve the efficiency of the immunoreaction. The pre-incubation solution was added to the colloidal gold strip for detection. Taking advantage of the pre-incubation model, the pre-incubated products were added to the colloidal gold strip for detection and the sensitivity for tetracycline was improved by 5 folds, as low as 1 μg/L. Changing the reaction model of the traditional colloidal gold strip from the direction adding sample …

Determination Of Vancomycin Antibiotics Residues In Animal Derived Food By Solid Phase Extraction And High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Jin Lin, Xiao-Long Fan, Feng Jiang, Qing-Zhi Peng, Tao-Hong Zhou

Food and Machinery

A accurate and quantitative method was developed for the determination of vancomycin antibiotics residues in animal food by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The samples were extracted by formic acid acetonitrile solution, degreased by acetonitrile-saturated n-hexane, purified by cation solid-phase extraction column, detected in the multi reaction monitoring (MRM) positive ion mode, and quantified by internal standard method using didechloro vancomycin as internal standard. The results showed that the target of vancomycin and norvancomycin had a good linear relationship in the range of 20~200 μg/L, and the correlation coefficient (R²) could reach more than 0.997. The …

Optimization Of Degumming Process And The Analysis Of Physicochemical Indexs Of Flaxseed Oil, Yun-Yun Chen, Jin-Ying Wang, Xing-Rui Wang, Yu-Ze Han

Food and Machinery

In order to improve the quality of flax oil, the conventional hydration method was used to optimize the degumming process conditions and analyze the main physicochemical indexes. Taking the degumming rate as an indicator, the effects of temperature, time, water addition and phosphoric acid addition on the degumming effect of flax seed oil were studied respectively. Optimizing the degumming conditions of flax seed oil based on single factor and Box-Behnken center combination experimental design principle. The results showed that the best process conditions for degumming by conventional hydration method of flax seed oil: the temperature of 63.7 ℃, the time …

Risk Assessment And Regulation Of Bacteriophage As A New Food Antimicrobial Agent, Lin Wei, Juan-Juan Sun

Food and Machinery

Based on the theory of modern risk regulation and the existing research results at home and abroad, this paper discusses the bacteriophage as a kind of food antimicrobial agent from the perspective of risk assessment and risk regulation. In previous studies on risk assessment, no obvious adverse effects and side effects of phages on the environment, animals and human body were found. As an antibacterial agent, bacteriophage has shown good antibacterial effects in fruits and vegetables, meat, dairy products and seafood, with a very broad application prospect. However, while complying with the application research trend of bacteriophage food antimicrobial agents, …

Screening And Identification Of Two Strains Of Β-Glucosidase Producing Symbiotic Fungi In Martianus Dermestoides And The Mechanism Of Combined Transformation Of Ginsenoside, Liu Fang, Yan-Cheng Wang, Wen-Xiu Ji, Wei-Wei Dong

Food and Machinery

Two strains of fungi producing β-glucosidase were screened and identified from Martianus dermestoides. The conversion of rare ginsenosides and fermentation quality were improved by combined fermentation of the two strains. The dynamic fermentation process was studied, and the mechanism of ginsenoside transformation was clarified. Screening was performed by MRS (aesculin, ferric citrate) medium. Two fungi producing β-glucosidase were identified by 18S rRNA gene amplification. The strains were fermented with total ginsenoside, the fermentation products were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Two fungi producing β-glucosidase were identified as genus Chaetomium and Aspergillus respectively. The fermentation products of WY1 reacted with total …

An Uhplc-Ms/Ms Method For Rapid Analysis Of Tea For The Potential Presence Of Illegally Added Flavorings, Zhi-Sen Liang, Yu-Zhen Chen, Lang-Jun Zhou

Food and Machinery

A qualitative and quantitative method for simultaneous detection of 7 potential presence of illegally-added flavorings, including trans-anethole, coumarin, estragole, lawsone, methyleugenol, pulegone and trans-cinnamaldehyde in tea samples. Tea samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water served as a mixed solvent, subjected to whirlpool oscillation and then diluted properly. After that, anhydrous sodium sulfate, primary secondary amine (PSA) and octadecylsiyl silica gel (C₁₈) were added to the solvent for purification. The centrifugation, the supernatant was filtered over a membrane and separated on a Kinetex C₁₈ column. These 7 target compounds were determined by UHPLC-MS/MS in MRM mode, and quantified utilizing …

Effect Of Refrigerated Storage On Nutritional Composition And Volatile Substances Of Yak Yogurt, Sheng-Sheng Li, Shu-Jie Liu

Food and Machinery

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional composition and volatile substances changes of yak yogurt under refrigeration storage. The nutritional composition and volatile substance were measured by amino acid analysis, fatty acid methyl ester method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that yak yogurt had no significant difference on the contents of protein, fat, lactose and water content (P＞0.05) under refrigeration storage. The total amino acid and flavour amino acid of yak yogurt significant increased after 7 d refrigeration storage (P＜0.05), and the increased rate were 12.96% and 8.51%, respectively; the amino acids score of yak …

Effect Of Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion In Vitro On The Antioxidant Activity Of Oyster Oligopeptides, Yong Ma, Li-Hui Gao, Xiao-Wen Feng, Rui-Zeng Gu, Tao Han, Wen-Ying Liu

Food and Machinery

Oyster oligopeptides were prepared by enzymolysis from shelled oyster meat. The molecular weight distribution, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, hydroxyl free radical (·OH) scavenging capacity, ABTS free radical scavenging capacity and oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) of oyster oligopeptides were compared before and after digestion in vitro. The changes of antioxidant activity of the oligopeptides after digestion in simulated stomach and intestine were explored. The experimental results showed that the relative molecular weight of oyster oligopeptides was mainly under 1 000 Da, and the average molecular weight of pepsin and trypsin decreased by no more than 8.2%; after pepsin and trypsin …

Research Progress On The Extraction Of Natural Astaxanthin From Haematococcus Pluvialis, Yan Li, Jing Gao

Food and Machinery

Natural astaxanthin has stronger stability, biological activity and safety than chemically synthesized astaxanthin. Haematococcus pluvia-lis is the most important biological source of natural astaxanthin and more attentions have been paid to the extraction of astaxanthin from H. pluvialis. This work focuses on the development methods of cell-wall disruption of H. pluvialis and the extraction of astaxanthin, which can provides a theoretical basis for the efficient extraction and comprehensive utilization of natural astaxanthin from H. pluvialis.

H2s, Sg-1002, Protects Against Myocardial Oxidative Damage And Hypertrophy In Vitro Via Induction Of Cystathionine Β-Synthase And Antioxidant Proteins, Rahib K. Islam, Erinn Donnelly, Erminia Donnarumma, Fokhrul Hossain, Jason D. Gardner, Kazi N. Islam

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is critical for cardiovascular homeostasis. Therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing H2S levels have proven cardioprotective in models of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of a novel H2S prodrug, SG-1002, on stress induced hypertrophic signaling in murine HL-1 cardiac muscle cells. Treatment of HL-1 cells with SG-1002 under serum starvation without or with H2O2 increased the levels of H2S, H2S producing enzyme, and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), as well as antioxidant protein levels, such as super oxide dismutase1 (SOD1) and catalase, and additionally decreased oxidative …

Effects Of Storage Conditions On Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Almond Protein Isolates, Wang Wei-Qing, Li Xiu-Ting, Zhou Bin, Li Shu-Gang

Food and Machinery

Taking the almond protein isolate (API) as the research object, explored the effect of different storage conditions (temperature, packaging method and time) on the physical and chemical properties and digestion properties of API. The results showed that the free sulfhydryl group of API gradually decreased and the disulfide bond and carbonyl value gradually increased with the storage time prolonged. After 9 months of storage, the molecular weight of API increased, mainly concentrated in 50~70 kDa; as the oxidation degree deepened, the function characteristics of API decreased (solubility and foaming characteristics); at 35 ℃ and non-vacuum packaging conditions, after 9 months …

Analysis And Comporison Of Nutritional Component In The Muscle Of Zhedong Geese And Landes Geese, Hua Yang, Su-Ling Sun, Wei-Hu Chen, Li-Zhi Lu, Yu Zhang, Jun-Hong Wang, Zuo-Yi Zhu, Xue Li, Wei Wang

Food and Machinery

To study the difference of nutritional value of Zhedong geese and Landes geese, the contents of nutritional component in chest and leg muscle of Zhedong geese and Landes geese were determined. The results showed that crude fat content of Zhedong geese was higher than that of Landes geese. However, crude protein and crude ash contents were almost same in Zhedong geese and Landes geese. Both Zhedong geese andLandes geese had a wide variety of amino acids, and their essential amino acids (EAA) compositions and structures fit in FAO/WHO recommended pattern for amino acids. The first limited amino acid in Zhedong …

Mitigation Of Salmonella On Food Contact Surfaces By Using Organic Acid Mixtures Containing 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio) Butanoic Acid (Hmtba), Aiswariya Deliephan, Janak Dhakal, Bhadriraju Subramanyam, Charles G. Aldrich

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Contaminated surfaces can transmit pathogens to food in industrial and domestic food-handling environments. Exposure to pathogens on food contact surfaces may take place via the cross-contamination of pathogens during postprocessing activities. Formaldehyde-based commercial sanitizers in recent years are less commonly being used within food manufacturing facilities due to consumer perception and labeling concerns. There is interest in investigating clean-label, food-safe components for use on food contact surfaces to mitigate contamination from pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of two types of organic acid mixtures containing 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBa), Activate DA™ and Activate US WD-MAX™, …

Mitigation Of Salmonella On Food Contact Surfaces By Using Organic Acid Mixtures Containing 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio) Butanoic Acid (Hmtba), Aiswariya Deliephan, Janak Dhakal, Bhadriraju Subramanyam, Charles G. Aldrich

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Contaminated surfaces can transmit pathogens to food in industrial and domestic food-handling environments. Exposure to pathogens on food contact surfaces may take place via the cross-contamination of pathogens during postprocessing activities. Formaldehyde-based commercial sanitizers in recent years are less commonly being used within food manufacturing facilities due to consumer perception and labeling concerns. There is interest in investigating clean-label, food-safe components for use on food contact surfaces to mitigate contamination from pathogenic bacteria, including Salmonella. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of two types of organic acid mixtures containing 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio) butanoic acid (HMTBa), Activate DA™ and Activate US WDMAX …

A Single 10-Minute Vape Exposure Alters Ventilation In Adult Rats, Mila Fisher, Jennifer A. Stokes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

E-cigarettes, also known as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), are an alternative to the traditional cigarette. ENDS function using a heating device (e.g. “vape pen”, such as JUUL) to heat liquids containing nicotine and other chemicals. Recent research in humans and animal models suggests that acute exposure (5 to 60 minutes) to e-cigarette vapor increases airway resistance and proinflammatory cytokine presence in lung tissue. These acute effects may lead to long term functional changes in the lung and tissue changes at the respiratory membrane. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an acute 10-minute …

Preliminary Findings: Relationship Between Igg-Based Food Elimination And Whole-Body Inflammation, Benjamin C. Garza, Terah Ege, Fabio Cattolico, Brittanie L. Lockard

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High levels of whole-body inflammation are associated with increased risk of poor health outcomes and chronic disease. Inflammatory symptoms (e.g., digestive, psychological, and whole-body irritation) are commonly addressed via food elimination diets, yet individual differences may exist for persons with unique immunoglobulin-G (IgG) mediated food sensitivities. Few studies have examined IgG food sensitivities using an understood biomarker of inflammation, high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP). Identification of IgG mediated food sensitivities may be a feasible means for targeted-food elimination seeking to address inflammatory symptoms. PURPOSE: To assess measurable changes in primary outcomes, hsCRP and inflammatory symptomology, within subjects following an IgG …

Effects Of 14 Day E-Cigarette Exposure On Ventilation And Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Adolescent Rats, Alicia M. Peters, Mila Fisher, Jennifer A. Stokes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Electronic nicotine delivery systems or e-cigarettes are devices used to deliver vaporized liquids often containing nicotine and other chemicals. These devices were originally created as a way to assist with smoking cessation in adults; however, use of these devices is increasing in adolescent and young adult populations. Recent research suggests that exposure to the chemicals in e-cigarette vapor may cause harm to adolescent lung tissue and promote a proinflammatory immune response in the lungs. These molecular changes may lead to functional changes in terms of lung volumes or gas exchange at the respiratory membrane. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study …

Recent Developments In Methods To Characterise The Chemical And Biological Parameters Of Grass Silage, R. S. Park, R. E. Agnew, M. G. Porter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Key points

1. Chemical analysis of forages is expensive, time consuming, environmentally unfriendly and relates poorly to the feed value for production purposes.
2. In vivo characterisation of animal feed is not a feasible option in terms of cost and analysis time.
3. NIRS is a rapid, non destructive, environmentally friendly, multi-analytical technique which can estimate the nutritive value of the feed.
4. NIRS predictive equations developed on a master instrument can be transferred to local and international sites.
5. Future assessment of forages necessitates rapid, stable, instrumentation for ‘in field’ studies.

The Effect Of Chop Length And Additive On Silage Intake And Milk Production In Cows, V. Toivonen, T. Heikkilä

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Effects of reduced silage chop length on silage intake and milk production by dairy cows have been variable. Chopping of grass at harvest generally improves silage fermentation quality and consequently intake. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of chopping flail harvested silage ensiled with acid or biological additive prior to feeding on intake, milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows.

Evaluation Of Narrow-Row Forage Maize In Field-Scale Studies, W. J. Cox, J. H. Cherney, D. J. R. Cherney

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Some dairy producers in the north-eastern USA adopted narrow row (0.38 m) maize forage production in the mid-1990s because of its 5% dry matter (DM) yield advantage (Cox et al., 1998). These dairy producers, however, continued to plant forage maize at high plant densities (125,000 plants/ha) under high N fertility (225 kg N/ha), despite research that indicated that forage maize had optimum DM yields and forage quality when planted at the recommended 100,000 plants/ha under 175 kg/ha of N fertility (Cox & Cherney, 2001). We evaluated forage maize at 0.38 and 0.76 m (conventional) row spacing under recommended vs. …

The Feeding Value Of Conserved Whole-Crop Wheat And Forage Maize Relative To Grass Silage And Ad-Libitum Concentrates For Beef Cattle, K. Walsh, P. O'Kiely, F. O'Mara

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grass is the predominant forage ensiled in Ireland. However, the relatively modest yields achieved in a single harvest allied to variability in digestibility and ensilability (and thus in intake and animal performance response) and the likelihood of effluent production create disadvantages for grass silage compared to the potential of some alternative forage crops. Thus, alternative forages are worthy of consideration on many farms. The objectives of this study were to quantify the relative intake, digestibility and performance of beef cattle offered grass silage, forage maize silage and whole-crop wheat (fermented or urea-treated), rank these relative to cattle offered an ad …

Effects Of Two Different Chopping Lengths Of Maize Silage On Silage Quality And Dairy Performance, K. Mahlkow, J. Thaysen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Maize silage harvested at dough stage contains less fibre structure than grass silage. Due to higher proportions of maize silage in dairy rations and due to the fact that with longer chopping length of maize silage the contribution of fibre structure increases. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of two chopping lengths in the silage on animal performance with respect to feed intake, milk yields and ingredients as well as physiological effects of digestion.

Effect Of Additives At Harvest On The Digestibility In Lambs Of Whole Crop Barley Or Wheat Silage, S. Muhonen, I. Olsson, P. Lingvall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

There are very few published articles about how silage additives affect digestibility of whole crop silage. In this experiment, male lambs were given whole crop barley or wheat silage harvested at dough stage with a number of different acid-based and bacterial additives.

Use Of Silage Additives In Ensiling Of Whole-Crop Barley And Wheat - A Comparison Of Round Big Bales And Precision Chopped Silages, M. Knický, P. Lingvall

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An increasing use of whole-crop cereals, as supplementary feed, has increased interest in development of efficient ways of preserving these forages to achieve a high hygienic quality. It is known that ensiling of whole-cereals often results in silages with high concentrations of butyric acid (Weissbach & Haacker, 1988). Furthermore, problems with poor aerobic stability still persist despite the use of lactic acid bacteria (Filya et al., 2000). Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of different types of additive mixtures on the fermentation process and aerobic stability of precision chopped and baled silages.

The Beacon, February 17, 2023, Beacon Staff

The Beacon, 2022-2023

Kugler honors father through collection of comics; NW Resident Assistants carry out Christian calling; Music industry stars shine at Grammys; Anticipated sequel grants audiences' wishes; Production illuminates historical women; Festival celebrates diversity of students' cultures; Extraterrestrial Culture Day landed on Feb.14; Preserving history through artistic comics; Christian Formation conversations over dinner; RAs appreciate relationships; You should leave the country during college; The perks of being a single Raider; NW Raider Esports gaining players and plans; Softball leaders pulling team to the front; Men's tennis swinging onto cold February courts; Transformational time at men's retreat; A battle of bands brings together …

New Nsaid Conjugates As Potent And Selective Cox-2 Inhibitors: Synthesis, Molecular Modeling And Biological Investigation, Riham M. Bokhtia, Siva S. Panda, Adel S. Girgis, Nermin Samir

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

The Bison, February 17, 2023

The Bison Newspapers

No abstract provided.

The Blueprint: #Backtoblack

Bailey School of Music Concert Programs

The Black Musicians Coalition is pleased to present The Blueprint: #BacktoBlack, an interdisciplinary Black History production about reclaiming the history, the culture, and the mediums that were already ours to begin with.

Board Of Trustees Agenda, Feb. 17 2023, Indiana State University Board Of Trustees

Board of Trustees

No abstract provided.

Conditioned Place Avoidance Is Associated With A Distinct Hippocampal Phenotype, Partly Preserved Pattern Separation, And Reduced Reactive Oxygen Species Production After Stress, D. Parker Kelley, Lucas Albrechet-Souza, Shealan Cruise, Rajani Maiya, Aspasia Destouni, Siva S.V.P. Sakamuri, Alexander Duplooy, Meghan Hibicke, Charles Nichols, Prasad V.G. Katakam, Nicholas W. Gilpin, Joseph Francis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Stress is associated with contextual memory deficits, which may mediate avoidance of trauma-associated contexts in posttraumatic stress disorder. These deficits may emerge from impaired pattern separation, the independent representation of similar experiences by the dentate gyrus-Cornu Ammonis 3 (DG-CA3) circuit of the dorsal hippocampus, which allows for appropriate behavioral responses to specific environmental stimuli. Neurogenesis in the DG is controlled by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and may contribute to pattern separation. In Experiment 1, we performed RNA sequencing of the dorsal hippocampus 16 days after stress in rats that either develop conditioned place avoidance to a predator urine-associated …