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Castor Canadensis Spring 2023, Jedediah Smith Society

Castor Canadensis - Jedediah Smith Society

Newsletter of the Jedediah Smith Society

The Complication Of Cyber Manhunt: How Cyber Manhunt Further Complicated The Ethical Conflict Between Breaching The Confidentiality And Endangering The Society In Face Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Yen-Chang Chen, Yen-Yuan Chen

Journal of Medical Education

While health care and public health workers are working on measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an unprecedentedly large number of people spending much more time indoors, and relying heavily on the Internet as their lifeline. What has been overlooked is the influence of the increasing online activities on public health issues. In this article, we pointed out how a large-scale online activity called cyber manhunt may threaten to offset the efficacy of contact tracing investigation, a public health intervention considered highly effective in limiting further transmission in the early stage of a highly contagious disease outbreak such …

The Anniversary Of The Unea Nexus Resolution, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

On March 2, 2022, the United Nations Environment Assembly (the world’s environment parliament) passed a landmark resolution calling on the United Nations Environment Program to produce a report on the Nexus between animal welfare, the environment, and sustainable development. This Resolution offers enormous potential for a significant reset in how humanity approaches, values, and interacts with our world moving towards a more holistic global approach (including humans, animals, and the environment).

Bird Flu: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza – An Update, Andrew N. Rowan

WellBeing News

In the last few years, a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza (HPAI) virus has caused the deaths of millions of seabirds and waterfowl worldwide, and many more millions of factory-farmed poultry being culled to halt the spread of the virus. WBI wrote about the emergence of this virus and its potential danger to humans in our last WellBeing News. The virus continues to spread and mutate and has caused the deaths of some mammals and a few humans.

The Considerations Of Simulation Fidelity With The Uses Of Virtual Patients, Tsuen-Chiuan Tsai

Journal of Medical Education

To be effective and affordable, medical simulation has to be "authentic" in parts related to learners' clinical tasks rather than to pursue high-fidelity that focuses on replicating a real world. As the advances of AI and multimedia technology, virtual patients have been used in medical education with wide range of technology, from basic digital case presentations to advanced virtual/mixed reality. When considering their advantages and disadvantages in clinical education, the smart choice of a virtual simulation model should focus on creation of "authenticity" rather than "fidelity". As clinical skills are multifaceted, there is no one-size-fits-all virtual simulation model or technology …

Cholesterol In Class C Gpcrs: Role, Relevance, And Localization, Ugochi H. Isu, Shadi A. Badiee, Ehsaneh Khodadadi, Mahmoud Moradi

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), one of the largest superfamilies of cell-surface receptors, are heptahelical integral membrane proteins that play critical roles in virtually every organ system. G-protein-coupled receptors operate in membranes rich in cholesterol, with an imbalance in cholesterol level within the vicinity of GPCR transmembrane domains affecting the structure and/or function of many GPCRs, a phenomenon that has been linked to several diseases. These effects of cholesterol could result in indirect changes by altering the mechanical properties of the lipid environment or direct changes by binding to specific sites on the protein. There are a number of studies and …

Characterization Of Growth Patterns And Carcass Characteristics Of Male And Female Broilers From Four Commercial Strains Fed High Or Low Density Diets, C. J. Maynard, C. W. Maynard, A. R. Jackson, M. T. Kidd, S. J. Rochell, C. M. Owens

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over the last few decades, the poultry industry has seen the emergence of various market segments that are beneficial for rearing various flock sizes. Two concurrent experiments consisting of 1,200 broilers each were conducted to evaluate the effects of broiler size and diet on the performance of four commercially available broiler strains, including 2 standard yielding (SY) and 2 high yielding (HY) strains. Within each experiment (Experiment 1: males, Experiment 2: females), a small bird (38 and 40 d processing) and big bird (47 and 54 d processing) debone market were targeted to give variable carcass …

Differences Between Patients With Diabetes Mellitus And Those Without In Cases Of Necrotizing Fasciitis., Daniel T Degenova, Scott S Hyland, Tucker Peabody, Nolan P Schmitz, Devon Myers, Robert Patterson, Jignesh Patel

Surgery Articles

Purposes This study aims to evaluate further differences between patients with diabetes and those without who have been diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis (NF) to assist clinicians in improving morbidity and mortality. Methods All patients diagnosed with NF of an extremity were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups based on a diagnosis of diabetes. Patient charts were reviewed to obtain multiple variables, which were compared between groups. Results From 2015 to 2021, 115 patients underwent surgical intervention due to concern for NF of an extremity with 92 patients included for data computation. Patients with diabetes had an average Laboratory Risk …

Non-Coding Regions Of Nuclear-Dna-Encoded Mitochondrial Genes And Intergenic Sequences Are Targeted By Autoantibodies In Breast Cancer, Deya Obaidat, Roberta Giordo, Erica L. Kleinbrink, Emilia Banisad, Lawrence I. Grossman, Rooshan Arshad, Azadeh Stark, Marie-Claire Maroun, Leonard Lipovich, Félix Fernandez-Madrid

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Articles

Autoantibodies against mitochondrial-derived antigens play a key role in chronic tissue inflammation in autoimmune disorders and cancers. Here, we identify autoreactive nuclear genomic DNA (nDNA)-encoded mitochondrial gene products (GAPDH, PKM2, GSTP1, SPATA5, MFF, TSPOAP1, PHB2, COA4, and HAGH) recognized by breast cancer (BC) patients' sera as nonself, supporting a direct relationship of mitochondrial autoimmunity to breast carcinogenesis. Autoreactivity of multiple nDNA-encoded mitochondrial gene products was mapped to protein-coding regions, 3' untranslated regions (UTRs), as well as introns. In addition, autoantibodies in BC sera targeted intergenic sequences that may be parts of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes, including LINC02381 and other …

Exposure To Pcb126 During The Nursing Period Reversibly Impacts Early-Life Glucose Tolerance, Brittany Breon Rice, Keegan W. Sammons, Sara Y. Ngo Tenlep, Madeline T. Weltzer, Leryn J. Reynolds, Cetewayo S. Rashid, Hollie I. Swanson, Kevin J. Pearson

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental organic pollutants known to have detrimental health effects. Using a mouse model, we previously demonstrated that PCB126 exposure before and during pregnancy and throughout the perinatal period adversely affected offspring glucose tolerance and/or body composition profiles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance and body composition of offspring born to dams exposed to PCB126 during the nursing period only. Female ICR mice were bred, and half of the dams were exposed to either vehicle (safflower oil) or 1 μmole PCB126 per kg of body weight via oral gavage on postnatal …

Acer 2021-2022 Annual Report, Australian Council For Educational Research (Acer)

ACER Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Microbial Motility At The Bottom Of North America: Digital Holographic Microscopy And Genomic Motility Signatures In Badwater Spring, Death Valley National Park, Carl Snyder, Jakob P. Centlvre, Shrikant Bhute, Jay Nadeau, Multiple Additional Authors

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Motility is widely distributed across the tree of life and can be recognized by microscopy regardless of phylogenetic affiliation, biochemical composition, or mechanism. Microscopy has thus been proposed as a potential tool for detection of biosignatures for extraterrestrial life; however, traditional light microscopy is poorly suited for this purpose, as it requires sample preparation, involves fragile moving parts, and has a limited volume of view. In this study, we deployed a field-portable digital holographic microscope (DHM) to explore microbial motility in Badwater Spring, a saline spring in Death Valley National Park, and complemented DHM imaging with 16S rRNA gene amplicon …

Purinergic Receptors In Lung Disease, Emily Mize

University Honors Theses

Purinergic receptors regulate a wide range of physiological processes including neurotransmission, inflammation, and pulmonary function. This review examines the role of purinergic receptor subtypes in the lung with a focus on their relevance to disease and potential as therapeutic targets in future drug development.

If It Ain't Broke, Don't Fix It: Understanding The Value In Producing Film Adaptations And Movie Franchises, Courtney Mcdonald

University Honors Theses

The business of making movies is not an easy one; in an industry where very few see financial success, risk aversion often takes the wheel. In order to combat the immense amount of uncertainty, existing research has attempted to establish factors of film success, including actor star power and reviews. However, statistical studies evaluating these factors have produced consistently inconclusive results. To approach this idea from another perspective, this paper investigates two specific areas of film—movie adaptations and film franchises—that contain valuable properties not always as explicitly connected to box office results. While many movies are referenced, two film franchises …

Climate Change Proposal: Coupling Equity And Scientific Rigor In Facing Global Warming, Rebecca Mcnicholas

University Honors Theses

Global warming has detrimental effects on the health and population of our planet. For years, scientists have known that in order to preserve the earth for future generations, it is necessary to adopt more sustainable practices that reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and waste. Policy makers across the globe have attempted to address the issue but have received pushback from the general public, industry and politicians on the other side, alike. Controversy surrounding necessary changes encompasses issues from livelihood, to affordability, to health equity, to taxation. This multifaceted problem cannot be solved with a simple solution; rather, it requires consideration …

Mining The Nft Goldrush: A Prospective Guide To Drafting Nft Contracts, Dejuawn "Dj" Griffin

Mercer Law Review

Nonfungible tokens (NFTs) are an emerging digital asset class that present unique and innovative means of commercialization. Artists and creators “minted” and sold NFTs without much notice until they boomed into the public consciousness in March 2021, hitting an inflection point when Christie’s, a world-leading art and luxury online auction business, made history with the monumental sale of artist Beeple’s Everydays: The First 5000 Days for $69.3 million. This monumental sale sparked an NFT craze by celebrities, creators, and athletes exploring ways to commercialize their brand, image, or content. Even former Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey sold his first-ever tweet for …

Prairie Dogs, Gary Witmer, Jon Grant, Kendra Cross

Wildlife Damage Management Technical Series

Prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.) occur throughout the prairie states of middle North America from Mexico northward into Canada. They occupy a variety of habitats from prairies to high mountain valleys and sage brush-dominated deserts. The most common species is the black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus; Figure 1). Prairie dogs are considered a “keystone species.” They provide habitat for many other native, grassland species. Prairie dogs live in colonies or “towns” that can span hundreds to thousands of acres. Depending on the species, their presence is evident by their burrow system. Despite the many ecosystem benefits prairie dogs provide by modifying …

Heat Flux Dynamics And Seasonal Variability In Morro Bay, California, Mikaela Romanini

Master's Theses

There is a growing need to better understand the dynamics of small and medium Mediterranean low-inflow estuaries (LIEs), which is addressed here by characterizing a heat budget and associated heat transfer processes. A one-dimensional deterministic model was developed from the advection-diffusion equation and applied to Morro Bay, CA using 15-minute water property (temperature, salinity, pressure) and meteorological (wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, irradiance) data collected over a two-year period (2020 – 2021). Seasonal variability is observed in meteorological components, water temperature, and salinity. There is strong seasonal variability in head-mouth temperature and salinity differences. Temperature …

A Tribute From The Advisors Of The Denver Law Review In Honor Of The Law Review's One Hundredth Anniversary, Alan K. Chen, Ian Farrell, Nancy Leong, Justin Marceau, Viva R. Moffat, Eli Wald

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

Individual Home-Work Assignments For State Taxes, Hayes R. Holderness

Washington Law Review

The surge in work-from-home arrangements brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic threatens serious disruptions to state tax systems. Billions of dollars are at stake at this pivotal moment as states grapple with where to assign income earned through these remote work arrangements for tax purposes: the worker’s home or the employer’s location? Some states—intent on modernizing their income tax laws—have assigned such income to the employer’s location, but have faced persistent challenges on both constitutional and policy grounds in response.

This Article provides a vigorous defense against such challenges. The Supreme Court has long interpreted the Constitution to be deferential …

Chronic Environmental Circadian Disruption Increases Atherosclerosis And Dyslipidemia In Female, But Not Male, Apolipoproteine-Deficient Mice, Jeffrey M. Chalfant, Deborah A. Howatt, Victoria B. Johnson, Lisa R. Tannock, Alan Daugherty, Julie S. Pendergast

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Shift work chronically disrupts circadian rhythms and increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms linking shift work and cardiovascular disease are largely unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of chronically shifting the light-dark (LD) cycle, which models the disordered exposure to light that may occur during shift work, on atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the progressive accumulation of lipid-filled lesions within the artery wall and is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. We studied ApolipoproteinE-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice that are a well-established model of atherosclerosis. Male and female ApoE−/− mice were housed in control 12L:12D …

Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Leads To Injury And Altered Metabolism In The Lungs, Emily E. Huffman, Brittany E. Dong, Harrison A. Clarke, Lyndsay E. A. Young, Matthew S. Gentry, Derek B. Allison, Ramon C. Sun, Christopher M. Waters, Warren J. Alilain

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

High-cervical spinal cord injury often disrupts respiratory motor pathways and disables breathing in the affected population. Moreover, cervically injured individuals are at risk for developing acute lung injury, which predicts substantial mortality rates. While the correlation between acute lung injury and spinal cord injury has been found in the clinical setting, the field lacks an animal model to interrogate the fundamental biology of this relationship. To begin to address this gap in knowledge, we performed an experimental cervical spinal cord injury (N = 18) alongside sham injury (N = 3) and naïve animals (N = 15) to assess lung injury …

Ferric Chloride-Induced Arterial Thrombosis And Sample Collection For 3d Electron Microscopy Analysis, Smita Joshi, Alexis N. Smith, Kanakanagavalli Shravani Prakhya, Hammodah Rawhi Hammodah Alfar, Joshua Lykins, Ming Zhang, Irina D. Pokrovskaya, Maria A. Aronova, Richard D. Leapman, Brian Storrie, Sidney W. Whiteheart

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Aberrant thrombosis is a common feature of systemic conditions like diabetes and obesity, and chronic inflammatory diseases like atherosclerosis, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Upon vascular injury, usually the coagulation system, platelets, and endothelium act in an orchestrated manner to prevent bleeding by forming a clot at the site of the injury. Abnormalities in this process lead to either excessive bleeding or uncontrolled thrombosis/insufficient antithrombotic activity, which translates into vessel occlusion and its sequelae. The FeCl3-induced carotid injury model is a valuable tool in probing how thrombosis initiates and progresses …

Responses To Sad Emotion In Autistic And Normal Developing Children: Is There A Difference?, Mohamed Basel Almourad, Emad Bataineh, Zelal Wattar

All Works

This paper describes how the gazing pattern differ between the responses of Normal Developing (ND) and Autistic (AP) children to sad emotion. We employed an eye tracking technology to collect and track the participants’ eye movements by showing a dynamic stimulus (video) that showed a gradual transition from pale emotions to melancholy facial expressions in both female and male faces. The location of the child's gaze in the stimulus was the focus of our data analysis. We deduced that there was a distinction between the two groups based on this. ND children predominantly concentrated on the eyes and mouth region …

Precision Nephrology Identified Tumor Necrosis Factor Activation Variability In Minimal Change Disease And Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis., Laura H. Mariani, Sean Eddy, Fadhl M. Alakwaa, Phillip J. Mccown, Jennifer L. Harder, Viji Nair, Felix Eichinger, Sebastian Martini, Adebowale D. Ademola, Vincent Boima, Heather N. Reich, Jamal El Saghir, Bradley Godfrey, Wenjun Ju, Emily C. Tanner, Virginia Vega-Warner, Noel L. Wys, Sharon G. Adler, Gerald B. Appel, Ambarish Athavale, Meredith A. Atkinson, Serena M. Bagnasco, Laura Barisoni, Elizabeth Brown, Daniel C. Cattran, Gaia M. Coppock, Katherine M. Dell, Vimal K. Derebail, Fernando C. Fervenza, Alessia Fornoni, Crystal A. Gadegbeku, Keisha L. Gibson, Laurence A. Greenbaum, Sangeeta R. Hingorani, Michelle A. Hladunewich, Jeffrey B. Hodgin, Marie C. Hogan, Lawrence B. Holzman, J Ashley Jefferson, Frederick J. Kaskel, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Richard A. Lafayette, Kevin V. Lemley, John C. Lieske, Jen-Jar Lin, Rajarasee Menon, Kevin E. Meyers, Patrick H. Nachman, Cynthia C. Nast, Michelle M. O'Shaughnessy, Edgar A. Otto, Kimberly J. Reidy, Kamalanathan K. Sambandam, John R. Sedor, Christine B. Sethna, Pamela Singer, Tarak Srivastava, Cheryl L. Tran, Katherine R. Tuttle, Suzanne M. Vento, Chia-Shi Wang, Akinlolu O. Ojo, Dwomoa Adu, Debbie S. Gipson, Howard Trachtman, Matthias Kretzler

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome relies on clinical presentation and descriptive patterns of injury on kidney biopsies, but not specific to underlying pathobiology. Consequently, there are variable rates of progression and response to therapy within diagnoses. Here, an unbiased transcriptomic-driven approach was used to identify molecular pathways which are shared by subgroups of patients with either minimal change disease (MCD) or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Kidney tissue transcriptomic profile-based clustering identified three patient subgroups with shared molecular signatures across independent, North American, European, and African cohorts. One subgroup had significantly greater disease progression (Hazard Ratio 5.2) which persisted after adjusting …

Updated Clinical Practice Recommendations For Managing Adults With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome., Erik Boot, Sólveig Óskarsdóttir, Joanne C Y Loo, Terrence Blaine Crowley, Ani Orchanian-Cheff, Danielle M. Andrade, Jill M. Arganbright, René M. Castelein, Christine Cserti-Gazdewich, Steven De Reuver, Ania M. Fiksinski, Gunilla Klingberg, Anthony E. Lang, Maria R. Mascarenhas, Edward M. Moss, Beata Anna Nowakowska, Erwin Oechslin, Lisa Palmer, Gabriela M. Repetto, Nikolai Gil D. Reyes, Maude Schneider, Candice Silversides, Kathleen E. Sullivan, Ann Swillen, Therese A M J Van Amelsvoort, Jason P. Van Batavia, Claudia Vingerhoets, Donna M. Mcdonald-Mcginn, Anne S. Bassett

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

This review aimed to update the clinical practice guidelines for managing adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). The 22q11.2 Society recruited expert clinicians worldwide to revise the original clinical practice guidelines for adults in a stepwise process according to best practices: (1) a systematic literature search (1992-2021), (2) study selection and synthesis by clinical experts from 8 countries, covering 24 subspecialties, and (3) formulation of consensus recommendations based on the literature and further shaped by patient advocate survey results. Of 2441 22q11.2DS-relevant publications initially identified, 2344 received full-text review, with 2318 meeting inclusion criteria (clinical care relevance to 22q11.2DS) including …

Effects Of Occupationally Military-Relevant Particle Mixtures (Sio2, Cdo, Cr2O3) On A549 Human Pulmonary Epithelial Cells, Isabella M. Muffoletto

Theses and Dissertations

In the course of maintaining a safe, mission-ready aircraft fleet and operational runways, United States Airmen experience a range of occupational risks. These risks include inhalable hazards generated from oft-used maintenance practices, such as blasting which emits silica from the media abrasives as well as contaminants from the exterior coatings. Additional inhalation hazards range from engine and fuel emissions, chemical agents, radiation, and explosives, to naturally occurring and human-manufactured biopathogens. Of notable concern are emissions in forward-deployment areas, including urban pollution, particulates released from runway construction and maintenance activities, and combustion from burn pits containing hazardous and unknown combinations of …

Atmospheric Polarization And Solar Position As Kalman Updates To A Navigation Solution, Thomas J. Wheeler

Theses and Dissertations

Simulation and physical testing of a sensor that measures relative position of the Sun and polarization of light in the atmosphere as a navigational aid in a Kalman filter.

Environmental Trade-Offs Of Reverse Osmosis Water Purification Units (Rowpus) And Bottled Water, Caleb A. Boone

Theses and Dissertations

The Department of Defense (DoD) conducts many remote missions around the globe. As part of any remote basing strategy, potable water needs to be secured. Currently, there are three primary means of procuring potable water at remote locations: bottled water, on-site purification, or tie-in to existing, local infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to determine the environmental tradeoffs of bottled water and on-site treatment via a Reverse Osmosis Water Purification Unit (ROWPU), which uses multiple levels of filtration to make potable water from freshwater or saline water. A cradle-to- gate assessment was developed for both systems to create a …

Decontamination Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances From Stainless Steel Piping Used In Aqueous Film Forming Foam Fire Suppression Systems, Ryan M. Register

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the removal of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from legacy hangar fire suppression systems which utilized PFAS containing aqueous film forming foam (AFFF). Hundreds of these systems are currently in place throughout the Department of Defense, with planned phase-out occurring by 2024. The estimated cost of replacing these systems is $2.1 billion dollars. To mitigate this cost, a triple-rinse method of decontamination has been proposed. This thesis explores the release of PFAS from AFFF systems during a triple-rinse decontamination, and the continued removal of PFAS after a triple-rinse is complete while simultaneously analyzing methylene blue dye as a potential …