Digital Commons Network^™

Naive T Cells Inhibit The Outgrowth Of Intractable Antigen-Activated Memory T Cells: Implications For T-Cell Immunotherapy, Sandhya Sharma, Mae Woods, Naren U Mehta, Tim Sauer, Kathan S Parikh, Michael Schmuck-Henneresse, Huimin Zhang, Birju Mehta, Malcolm K Brenner, Helen E Heslop, Cliona M Rooney

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The wider application of T cells targeting viral tumor-antigens via their native receptors is hampered by the failure to expand potent tumor-specific T cells from patients. Here, we examine reasons for and solutions to this failure, taking as our model the preparation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific T cells (EBVSTs) for the treatment of EBV-positive lymphoma. EBVSTs could not be manufactured from almost one-third of patients, either because they failed to expand, or they expanded, but lacked EBV specificity. We identified an underlying cause of this problem and established a clinically feasible approach to overcome it.

METHODS: CD45RO+CD45RA- memory compartment …

Contribution Of Adaptive Immunity To Human Copd And Experimental Models Of Emphysema, Farrah Kheradmand, Yun Zhang, David B Corry

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the undisputed role of innate immune cells in this condition have dominated the field in the basic research arena for many years. Recently, however, compelling data suggesting that adaptive immune cells may also contribute to the progressive nature of lung destruction associated with COPD in smokers have gained considerable attention. The histopathological changes in the lungs of smokers can be limited to the large or small airways, but alveolar loss leading to emphysema, which occurs in some individuals, remains its most significant and irreversible outcome. Critically, however, the question of why …

Cigarette Smoke Condensate Induces Centrosome Clustering In Normal Lung Epithelial Cells, Jose Thaiparambil, Chandra S Amara, Subrata Sen, Nagireddy Putluri, Randa El-Zein

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Unlike normal cells, cancer cells frequently have multiple centrosomes that can cluster to form bipolar mitotic spindles and allow for successful cell division. Inhibiting centrosome clustering, therefore, holds therapeutic promise to promote cancer cell-specific cell death.

METHODS: We used confocal microscopy, real-time PCR, siRNA knockdown, and western blot to analyze centrosome clustering and declustering using normal lung bronchial epithelial and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Also, we used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software to identify novel pathways associated with centrosome clustering.

RESULTS: In this study, we found that exposure to cigarette smoke condensate induces centrosome amplification and clustering in …

Reclassification Of Pre-Heart Failure Stages Using Cardiac Biomarkers: The Aric Study, Xiaoming Jia, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Chiadi E Ndumele, Salim S Virani, James A De Lemos, Emmanuel Lee, Amil M Shah, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Biykem Bozkurt, Ron Hoogeveen, Elizabeth Selvin, Christie M Ballantyne, Vijay Nambi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The recent heart failure (HF) guideline recommends the inclusion of cardiac biomarkers in defining Stage B HF.

OBJECTIVES: The authors evaluated the impact of incorporating cardiac biomarkers to reclassify HF in 5,324 participants (mean age: 75.8 years) without prevalent HF enrolled in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study and assessed prognosis of Stage B using cardiac biomarkers.

METHODS: Using N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (/mL or ≥125 pg/mL), high-sensitivity troponin T (/L or ≥14 ng/L), and abnormal cardiac structure/function by echocardiography, individuals were classified as Stage A

RESULTS: Overall, 4,326 (81.3%) individuals were classified as Stage B

CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating …

The Association Between College Age Students' Nutrition Intake And Depression, Mackenzie Allen

Honors Projects

The research performed was to determine a correlation between depression and nutrient intake in college age students. This study used NHANES publicily available data and IBM's SPSS statistical software to analyze a correlation between depression and nutrition/lifestyle variables: vitamin D, vitamin B12, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, fiber, and exercise. The study found that fiber and unsaturated fatty acid intake had a negative correlation with depression, meaning that as the intake of these nutrients increased, depression decreased. This research reveals key factors to improve the nutritional status of college age students, along with their emotional wellbeing.

Effect Of Exercise Training Intensity On Cognition, Jaclyn Voyt

Honors Projects

A literature review examining the effects of exercise intensity and modality on cognitive performance.

Analysis Of Disability Support Resources At Grand Valley State, Calle Faerber

Honors Projects

In order to receive support and accommodations in postsecondary education, students must self-report their disability to the institution they attend. Due to this policy, there are many barriers that students may face in their pursuit of these services. Barriers include fear of negative perceptions of disabilities by faculty or peers, negative perceptions of accommodations, and lengthy documentation requirements. This study aimed to determine the potential barriers for students at Grand Valley State University (GVSU) and what the university is doing to address these barriers. In this study, a total of 28 undergraduate students at GVSU were surveyed and one staff …

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Supplementation Promotes Brain Maturation In Preterm Pigs, Line I Christiansen, Bo Holmqvist, Xiaoyu Pan, Kristine Holgersen, Sandy E H Lindholm, Nicole L Henriksen, Douglas G Burrin, David Ley, Thomas Thymann, Per Torp Sangild, Stanislava Pankratova

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Very preterm infants show low levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is associated with postnatal growth restriction and poor neurologic outcomes. It remains unknown whether supplemental IGF-1 may stimulate neurodevelopment in preterm neonates. Using cesarean-delivered preterm pigs as a model of preterm infants, we investigated the effects of supplemental IGF-1 on motor function and on regional and cellular brain development. Pigs were treated with 2.25 mg/kg/d recombinant human IGF-1/IGF binding protein-3 complex from birth until day 5 or 9 before the collection of brain samples for quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC), RNA sequencing, and quantitative PCR analyses. Brain protein synthesis was …

I Am Not The Bagman, Stephen Mortland

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Regeneration Of Neurons In Human Brain Tissue; A Revolutionary Concept With Therapeutic Potential, Mackenzie R. Dunn

Biomedical Sciences Undergraduate Research

There is current research to suggest that endogenous neuronal regeneration, exogenous neuronal stem cell transplantation and glial cell reprogramming could be prospective therapeutic treatments for neurodegeneration and traumatic injury. With these conditions, there is significant brain atrophy, loss of neurons and loss of synaptic connections which can have devastating effects on executive functioning, cognition, learning and memory. This review will examine these modern approaches to adult neurogenesis, and assess the viable mechanisms and future outlook of these three therapies for neurological regenerative medicine.

Dietary Soy Galactooligosaccharides Affect The Performance, Intestinal Function, And Gut Microbiota Composition Of Growing Chicks, K. D. Teague, G. Tellez-Isaias, Jianmin Chai, V. Petrone-Garcia, C. N. Vuong, A. Blanch, S. H. Rasmussen, K. Brown, Jiangchao Zhao, S. J. Rochell

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of the dietary soy galactooligosaccharides (GOS), raffinose and stachyose, on performance, gastrointestinal health, and systemic stress in young broilers. Birds were fed a GOS-devoid diet based on soy protein isolate (SPI) or the SPI diet with 0.9, 1.8, 2.7, or 3.6% added stachyose and raffinose in a ratio of 4:1 at the expense of corn starch. These 5 treatments were administered to 10 replicate cages of 8 birds. Performance was measured weekly and excreta moisture, N retention, apparent metabolizeable energy, and complete blood cell counts were …

How Private Enforcement Exacerbates Climate Change, Anna A. Mance

Cardozo Law Review

Private enforcement-the practice of allowing private actors to directly enforce statutes or regulations-has been a fixture of environmental law for the last fifty years. In the absence of comprehensive climate legislation, climate change has been brought under the fold of the environmental regime and its emphasis on private enforcement. Yet climate change presents a distinct global challenge from those harms that the 1970s environmental regime was designed to address. This Article investigates how private enforcement is limiting our ability to respond to the crisis of climate change. The central claim is that private enforcers are using the mantle of environmental …

The Effects Of Mindfulness On Regret: An Explorative Analysis, Emely M. Oviedo, Sydney B. Snapp, George Kazanecki, Timothy Pedigo Ph.D, Figen Karadgon Ph.D

Research Days

Regret has been found to be associated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive distortions (Markman et al., 2009; Markham & Miller, 2006). In relation to regret, past actions and decisions create painful experiences resulting in negative rumination (Olatunji et al., 2013). However, if the negative rumination is reduced there is the potential to learn important feedback from previous decisions that have resulted in painful experiences. Thus, the current research explores the mitigating role of mindfulness on the amount of regret experienced. It was hypothesized that the participants would report experiencing less amount of regret following mindfulness meditation. First, participants were asked …

Bm-02 Spartanburg Methodist College: Evaluation Of Classroom Space Efficiency, Kahleag D. Terry, Drake A. Taber, Christina King-Johnson

SC Upstate Research Symposium

Spartanburg Methodist College: Evaluation of Classroom Space Efficiency

In 2019, Spartanburg Methodist College converted from a two-year to a four-year institution. As the college grows, more classrooms are needed to satisfy the course requirements for students. A research study was conducted to answer the following question: What is the best option to implement additional class times/locations for traditional undergraduate students for both student and faculty.

Through out the semester, the student researchers analyzed various types of data address the problems of space and later class time allocation opportunities. An evaluation of the last eight semesters class location and times were …

A Comparison Of Continuous And Interval Exercise On Cognition In Young Adults, Emily C. Tagesen, Lawrence W. Judge, David M. Bellar

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(5): 458-468, 2023. Exercise stimulates the production and secretion of testosterone, cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and affects cognitive performance. However, the interaction of these variables is unknown. To investigate these interactions, 21 college-aged men completed two work-matched exercise protocols: continuous (CONT) exercise and an interval protocol (INT). Blood and saliva samples were collected before and after exercise to quantify BDNF, cortisol, and testosterone. Participants completed a battery of cognitive assessments after exercise. A MANOVA analysis of condition demonstrated that no domains were significantly different after CONT and INT (p > 0.05). A repeated …

Exploring The Issue Of Microplastics In Maine Stormwater Runoff, Brenda Zollitsch Phd

USM Research and Scholarship Symposium

No abstract provided.

Blood Flow Restriction Attenuates Muscle Damage In Resistance Exercise Performed Until Concentric Muscle Failure., Victor Magalhães Curty, Paulo Vinicios Camuzi Zovico, Rafael Barrera Salgueiro, Leonardo Carvalho Caldas, Richard Diego Leite, Nuno Manuel Frade Souza, Lucas Guimaraes-Ferreira, Valério Garrone Barauna

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(2): 469-481, 2023. The present study aimed to evaluate whether blood flow restriction (BFR) can prevent exercise-induced muscle damage in resistance exercise (RE) performed until concentric muscle failure (CMF). Twenty healthy volunteers (25 ± 4 years, 80.4 ± 11.8 kg, 175 ± 8 cm) performed three sets of unilateral biceps curl exercise (40% of 1RM) with (RE + BFR) and without (RE) BFR until CMF. A third condition was to perform the same number of repetitions as RE + BFR without using BFR (matched). Performing fewer repetitions, RE + BFR caused muscle fatigue post-exercise as …

Effects Of Various Dietary Carbohydrate Sources On The Growth Performance And Body Composition Of The Dog Conch, Laevistrombus Canarium, Jen-Hong Chu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study investigates the effects of dietary supplementation with various carbohydrate sources on the growth and dietary nutrient utilization efficiency of a 0.72-g dog conch, Laevistrombus canarium. Five treatment diets had supplementation with alpha-starch (Sta), dextrin (Dex), pullulan gum (Pg), xanthan gum (Xg), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). At the end of the feeding trial, the best growth performance (weight gain, 442.23%) and diet efficiency (protein efficiency ratio, 1.25, and feed conversion ratio [FCR], 2.04) were exhibited by the dog conch fed the Sta diet, whereas the lowest growth performance was observed in the dog conch fed the Xg and CMC …

The Beacon, March 31, 2023, Beacon Staff

The Beacon, 2022-2023

Unsung Heroes: Sherry Lang; The best of NW campus pranks; Cyrus's artistry not an endless trip; Film depicts America's spiritual awakening; A celebration of a century of theatre; Annual dance concert shows students' creativity; Environment importance in April: Earth Month; Using teaching experiences to serve with NEXT; Students enjoy the places of Orange City; The lovely pranks of NW; Should Women Be Pastors?; Why Hockey is the Best Sport; Dykstra and Vandersall Lead NWC Athletics; NW and Mayhem in the Middle of March; Double Trouble and Single Swingle on the Court; Engaging illusion show wows audiences; Battle continues for bragging …

A Bacteriophage Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Against Heroin Generates Protective Antibody Responses, Isabella G. Romano, Brandi Johnson-Weaver, Herman Staats, Bryce Chackerian, Kathryn M. Frietze

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Opioid use disorder (OUD) and opioid overdose are urgent public health crises, with opioid overdose rates tripling within the last decade in the United States. Current treatments have limited efficacy, and challenges associated with implementation. Vaccines against opioids have recently been proposed as novel treatments, with some vaccine strategies showing promising pre-clinical data. Here, we report our efforts to engineer a vaccine against heroin that elicits high-titer and long-lasting antibodies with protective functionality. We utilized bacteriophage Qβ virus-like particles (VLPs) to display drug targets in a highly immunogenic and multivalent format. The active metabolites of heroin, morphine and 6-aceyl-morphine, were …

Chanticleer | March 2023, Jacksonville State University

Chanticleer

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure On Navigation In A Delayed Non-Match-To-Place Spatial Alternation Task By Adult Male And Female Rats, Gabriela Acosta, Suzy Davies, Daniel D. Savage, Benjamin J. Clark

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PAE) has been found to result in structural alterations to regions of the brain involved in spatial memory, including the thalamus and hippocampus. Previous studies have shown that spatial memory is impaired after moderate PAE (mPAE; ~60-80 mg/dL) and damage to the limbic thalamus and hippocampus. Recent work has shown that visual-spatial discrimination memory is impaired after mPAE in a sex-specific manner such that female mice exhibit greater deficits after 15sec retention intervals. It is unclear whether similar-sex specific deficits would be observed in tests of spatial memory or in a rat model of mPAE. Thus, the …

Health Literacy Is Linked To Executive Functioning In Older American Indians, Alexis Burks, Anastacia Romero, Macaiah Shendo, Steven P. Verney

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Objective: Health literacy (HL), the ability to understand healthcare information and navigate the healthcare system, is strongly associated with both educational achievement and executive functioning. Many American Indians (AIs) experienced traumatic early education, such as harsh boarding schools, which may impact their educational achievement, and subsequently, HL. Further, AIs disproportionately experience many chronic diseases. This study investigates the relationship between HL and executive functioning in older AIs.

Participants and Methods: Participants were recruited from a southwestern urban area who self-identified as AIs aged 55 to 80 (N=43). Participants were asked to complete questionnaires, interviews, and neuropsychological tests over two sessions. …

Quality Of Education & Level Of Education In Association With Executive Functioning In Older American Indians, Eunice Kim, Alexis Burks, Katherine Edwards, Maria Mccready, Emily Kuehn, Jezreel Romero, Steven P. Verney

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Objective: Level of educational achievement is often associated with executive functioning (EF) and overall health. However, education level does not account for the quality of education, which may be a better educational index for older American Indians (AIs). Many older AIs have suffered traumatic educational experiences, such as forced boarding schools and relocation focused on cultural assimilation rather than subject knowledge. This study investigated the relationship between EF and quality of education in older AIs.

Participants and Methods: Participants were recruited from a southwestern urban area who self-identified as AI aged 55 to 80 years (N=42). Participants completed questionnaires, interviews, …

Moderate Pae-Induced Deficits In Ltp And Glutamate Levels In The Dentate Gyrus: Enhancement In Ltp With The Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonist Sar153954, Monica Goncalves-Garcia, Gabriela Acosta, Suzy Davies, Daniel D. Savage, D A. Hamilton

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

The hippocampus is susceptible to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) which can result in persistent cognitive impairments.

The hippocampus is susceptible to the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) which can result in persistent cognitive impairments. Although there have been many investigations, deficits in synaptic plasticity remain poorly understood. Previous studies have identified deficits in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the perforant pathway(PP) to dentate gyrus synapses as a robust consequence of PAE. Currently, there are no known, clinically effective pharmacotherapeutic interventions for these deficits. This study sought to investigate the effects of PAE on the pre-synaptic mechanisms involved …

Long-Term Effects Of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure On Gabaergic System In Posterior Parietal Cortex, V Licheri, B J. Jacquez, D Sainz, C F. Valenzuela, J L. Brigman

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) are a group of neurobehavioral deficits including physical, cognitive, learning and behavioral disabilities that persist throughout the lifespan. Our recent investigation showed that moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) during first and second-trimesters equivalent impairs cognitive control on a touchscreen continuous performance task accompanied by frontal and cortical power alterations. The literature to date had extensively investigated the molecular abnormalities underlying the PAE impairments in cognitive functions mediated by cortical areas, but there are no studies exploring the long-term effects of PAE in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). The PPC represents one of the major cortical …

Mechanisms Contributing To Aberrant Vascular Development In The Brain Following Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Through Elevation Of Mir-150-5p, Marissa Westenskow, Roxana Gutierrez, Gabriela Perales, Amy S. Gardiner

Brain & Behavioral Health Research Day

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are conditions impacting development in children exposed to alcohol in utero. Among other associated anatomical defects, the organization of the brain microvasculature is altered in severe forms of FASD. Other vascular anomalies such as defective angiogenesis, permeability, vessel reactivity, and blood flow are found in animal models of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). The underlying mechanisms of these vascular defects are not fully understood. We previously found miR-150-5p to be upregulated in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs) isolated from embryonic mouse cortices following moderate PAE. We identified targets of miR-150-5p in BMVECs and demonstrated that …

The Bison, March 31, 2023

The Bison Newspapers

No abstract provided.

Small Molecule Compounds, Active Ingredients Of Tcm, As Novel Therapeutics For Eosinophilic Esophagitis, Anish Maskey

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), a chronic inflammatory condition of the esophagus, characterized by esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilic inflammation. Current treatments for EoE include dietary elimination and swallowed steroids. Recently, Dupixent was approved for the treatment of EoE, but it has side effects such as eye inflammation and eczema. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practice has been used to improve GI symptoms in EoE patients. Two key active ingredients of a TCM formula, 7,4’-Dihydroxyflavone (DHF) and Berberine (BBR), have shown remarkable results in treating EoE.

To understand the role of two active ingredients in EoE, different experimental models were used. First, a computational …

Open Access Without Open Access Values: The State Of Free And Open Access To Law Reviews, John R. Beatty

Law Librarian Journal Articles

This study examines 648 currently published law journals to determine the amount of freely available content and whether the journals have adopted open access behaviors. Although most of the journals have volumes available online for free, the usual hallmarks of open access, including open licenses and clear reuse policies, are absent.