Digital Commons Network^™

Impacts Of Human Disturbances On Alaskan Brown Bears (Ursus Arctos): A Literature Review, Stephanie J. Menjivar

University Honors Theses

This thematic literature review presents a comprehensive analysis of the existing research on the various human disturbances that impact Alaskan brown bears (Ursus arctos). It explores key findings, trends, and gaps in the literature, focusing on the overarching themes of Land-Use Overlap, Hunting and Poaching, Noise Pollution, and Industrial Development. By synthesizing and critically evaluating a wide range of studies, this review aims to deepen our understanding of the common sources of disturbances and their implications on the spatial, feeding, and social behaviors of brown bears. A brown bear's response to human activities varies …

The Pioneering Efforts Of Ellen Larsen: The First Female Sports Information Director At Brigham Young University, Kiana Schlenker

Theses and Dissertations

Title IX began the change of integrating women's sports into universities, but it was up to each university's athletic administration, external media sources, and public relations practitioners to determine how female athletes and sports were supported and publicized. In 1976, Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah hired Ellen Larsen as its first female sports information director responsible for women's sports. Through her 19 years as a sports information director at BYU, Larsen was an advocate for her athletes and helped pave the way for future female athletic administration roles. While there is plenty of literature on male sports information directors, …

Perioperative Nutritional Considerations In Orthopaedic Surgery: A Review Of The Literature, William Curtis, Timothy Choi, Aamir Ahmad, Christopher Shultz

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

Macronutrients and micronutrients play an essential role in the surgical process, beginning in preoperative preparation and extending well into postoperative recovery. It is important that orthopaedic surgeons and their patients understand the physiological impact of the surgical stress response and the ways in which adequate perioperative nutrition can help combat its negative effects. Throughout this article, the authors discuss the important roles of macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, protein, and fatty acids, and that of micronutrients, including zinc and vitamins C, D, A, and E, in the perioperative period. The authors aim to explain the physiological effects of surgery on nutrition …

Transport Of Nitrite From Large Arteries Modulates Regional Blood Flow During Stress And Exercise, Joseph C. Muskat, Charles F. Babbs, Craig J. Goergen, Vitaliy L. Rayz

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Acute cardiovascular stress increases systemic wall shear stress (WSS)–a frictional force exerted by the flow of blood on vessel walls–which raises plasma nitrite concentration due to enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Upstream eNOS inhibition modulates distal perfusion, and autonomic stress increases both the consumption and vasodilatory effects of endogenous nitrite. Plasma nitrite maintains vascular homeostasis during exercise and disruption of nitrite bioavailability can lead to intermittent claudication. Hypothesis: During acute cardiovascular stress or strenuous exercise, we hypothesize enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) by vascular endothelial cells raises nitrite concentrations in near-wall layers of flowing blood, resulting …

Preliminary Evidence Of Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure In American Kestrels (Falco Sparverius) In The Western United States, Evan R. Buechley, Dave Oleyar, Jesse L. Watson, Jennifer Bridgeman, Steven Volker, David A. Goldade, Catherine E. Swift, Barnett A. Rattner

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Although there is extensive evidence of declines in the American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) population across North America, the cause of such declines remains a mystery. One hypothesized driver of decline is anticoagulant rodenticide (AR) exposure, which could potentially cause mortality or reduced fitness. We investigated AR exposure in wild American Kestrels in Utah, USA. We collected and tested for AR residues in liver samples (n = 8) from kestrels opportunistically encountered dead and in blood samples (n = 71) from live wild kestrels, both nestlings and adults. We found high detection rates in both tissues. Adult …

Tourism Potential & Challenges For Islamic Monastery Heritage Sites In Ethiopia: Tiru Sina Mosque, Tesfaye Fentaw Nigatu, Endris A. Haider, Zelalem G. Ambaw

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

The main intent of this study is to investigate unusual Islamic monastery heritage sites by focusing on the potential resources and challenges for religious tourism development at Tiru Sina Mosque. To meet this objective a qualitative approach was utilised and data were collected through interviews with elderly religious fathers in addition to culture and tourism officers. Additional focus groups, discussions and deep personal observations were conducted. As the findings reveal, Tiru Sina Mosque is a unique Islamic monastic site with great potential for religious tourism development. This unique Islamic monastery heritage site has socio-cultural, economic, historical, religious and aesthetic values. …

Stranger Iggs: Beneficial And Detrimental Sides Of Immunoglobulin G Subclasses, Sweta Shrestha

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Understanding antibody responses across various immunological conditions can provide valuable insights for the advancement of therapeutic as well as prophylactic interventions. IgG subclass responses, in particular, have garnered the most attention because of their potential role in disease outcomes and treatment efficacy. The four IgG subclasses differ in their hinge region and “constant region” and these differences in turn modulate their antibody functions. Some subclasses demonstrate robust antibody effector functions, while others exhibit diminished effector functions. The consequences of these differences can either be advantageous or disadvantageous, contingent upon the specific context in which they occur.

This thesis explores the …

Exposure Levels Of Airborne Fungi, Bacteria, And Antibiotic Resistance Genes In Cotton Farms During Cotton Harvesting And Evaluations Of N95 Respirators Against These Bioaerosols, Atin Adhikari, Pratik Banerjee, Taylor Thornton, Daleniece Higgins, Caleb Adeoye, Sonam Sherpa

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

The USA is the third-leading cotton-producing country worldwide and cotton farming is common in the state of Georgia. Cotton harvest can be a significant contributor to airborne microbial exposures to farmers and nearby rural communities. The use of respirators or masks is one of the viable options for reducing organic dust and bioaerosol exposures among farmers. Unfortunately, the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR Part 1910.134) does not apply to agricultural workplaces and the filtration efficiency of N95 respirators was never field-tested against airborne microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during cotton harvesting. This study addressed these two information gaps. …

Three-Dimensional Imaging And Quantification Of Mouse Ovarian Follicles Via Optical Coherence Tomography, Marcello Magri Amaral, Aixia Sun, Yilin Li, Chao Ren, Anh Blue Truong, Saumya Nigam, Zexu Jiao, Ping Wang, Chao Zhou

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation has been successfully applied worldwide for fertility preservation. Correctly selecting the ovarian tissue with high follicle loading for freezing and reimplantation increases the likelihood of restoring ovarian function, but it is a challenging process. In this work, we explore the use of three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to identify different follicular stages, compare the identifications with H&E images, and measure the size and age-related follicular density distribution differences in mice ovaries. We use the thickness of the layers of granulosa cells to differentiate primordial and primary follicles from secondary follicles. The measured dimensions and age-related follicular …

Red Breast Syndrome And Acellular Dermal Matrix, Allison Podsednik Gardner, Aidee Nunez, Mauricio De La Garza

School of Medicine Publications

Increasingly popular for use in breast reconstruction, acellular dermal matrix (ADM) can provide support and protection to implants. However, use of ADM may be associated with infection and complications, including red breast syndrome (RBS). RBS is an inflammatory event that typically presents with cutaneous erythema over the domain where the ADM is surgically implanted. As ADM use increases, presumably, more cases of RBS will occur. Thus, techniques and tools to mitigate or manage RBS are needed to improve patient outcomes. Here, we describe a case where RBS was diagnosed and interestingly resolved after exchange for a different brand of dermal …

Diet Quality Among Pre-Adolescent African American Girls In A Randomized Controlled Obesity Prevention Intervention Trial, Debbe Thompson, Yiming Mirabile, Noemi Islam, Chishinga Callender, Salma M A Musaad, Julie Miranda, Jennette P Moreno, Jayna M Dave, Tom Baranowski

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Consuming an unhealthy diet increases health risks. This study assessed the impact of a culturally adapted behaviorally innovative obesity prevention intervention (The Butterfly Girls and the Quest for Founder’s Rock) on diet quality in pre-adolescent non-Hispanic Black/African American girls. The RCT consisted of three groups (experimental, comparison, and waitlist control); block randomization allocated participants to each group. The two treatment groups varied in terms of whether or not they set goals. Data were collected at baseline (prior to receiving the intervention), post 1 (3 months post-baseline), and post 2 (6 months post-baseline). Two dietitian-assisted 24 h dietary recalls …

First Report Of Regeneration In The Genus Mesobuthus (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Rıdvan Kurt, Ersen A. Yağmur, Gülhanım Çelik

Euscorpius

A new example of scorpion leg regeneration is reported in an adult male Mesobuthus mesopotamicus (Penther, 1912). A claw (pretarsus) was observed to regenerate at the distal end of the tibia of the left leg II. The regeneration case is described and illustrated.

Significance Of Academic Libraries In Recent Times: A Review Of Articles, George Noble Hotsonyame

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The evolution of information communication technology tools has caused unprecedented change in the information seeking behavior of library users to the extent that the relevance of academic libraries in the 21^st century is often being questioned. Consequently, academic libraries are trying their best to innovate and find innovative solutions to keep abreast with the changing needs of library users. This review seeks to provide understanding of the changing roles of the 21^st century academic library. It also considered the studies done on the key paradigms, major changing roles of the academic libraries, recent technologies in the library and …

The Provisions Of The Option Of The Condition In Jurisprudence And Its Impact On Dealers أحكام خيار الشرط في الفقه وأثره بين المتعاملين, Somayya Ahmad Freijat

Jordan Journal of Islamic Studies

This research aims to clarify the choice of condition provisions in order to show the extent of using those jurisprudential provisions acheived the commercial dealers satisfaction. The researcher used inductive approach, and jurisprudential comparative approach between jurists' doctrines. This research gives an imprtant result that the condition of choice is the most important condition between dealer, because it acheives the complete satisfaction sharia has recommended in commercial dealings in order to gain blessing in commerce, and unfortunately, by looking at dealing between people nowadays, the researcher notice that this condition is not common, which means jurists should study provosions of …

/////// Babaamiwizh – Blood Memory And How We Carry Ancestral Histories /////// On Memory, Immersive Theatre, Improvisation, & Absurdity, Olivia Shortt

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

babaamiwizh – blood memory and how we carry intergenerational histories: a collection of fragmented stories and thoughts on making Indigenous art. These writings attempt to find the balance of an artist's humanity, the artistic process and working with colonial institutions. I am stitching together my perspective on Indigeneity, museums and the process of repatriation, collaboration with trusted community members, as well as the land and its medicines.

Postcolonial Hauntology Of Modernity: Exploring Legacies Of Enlightenment Thought In The Understanding Of The 'Human' Through Intertextualities In Heart Of Darkness And Hunter X Hunter, Pumho Karimi

Comparative Literature Undergraduate Senior Theses

The thesis explores how Enlightenment Thought defined a certain idea of being human through intertextual motifs observed in Joseph Conrad's novella Heart of Darkness and Yoshihiro Togashi's Japanese manga Hunter x Hunter. Such a comparative analysis is premised on the idea that the historical context that inspires the plot in both texts are interlinked i.e., the colonial context in the Congo under Belgian rule mined the uranium that was used in making the atomic bomb that struck Japan in 1945. As such, using a postcolonial biopolitical framework, the intertextual motifs are analysed to argue how Enlightenment Thinking became a haunting …

Genetic Technologies: Patent Protections & The Case For Technology Transfer, Smitha Gundavajhala

Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts

Genetic technologies range in scope from agricultural to medical applications. Most recently, during the COVID-19 pandemic, companies like Moderna developed and patented genetic technologies for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, like the mRNA vaccine. However, patent protection provides these companies with a monopoly that ultimately limits domestic production of generic versions, thus limiting access to life-saving diagnostics and therapeutics. When a company located in one country files a patent for recognition in another country, it effectively places a hold on production of any technologies covered by that patent’s reach, whether that patent is enforced or not. However, the TRIPS Agreement, the …

Regulars, Michael Sieburt Wiener

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

My thesis play unfolds in the wake of the pandemic we’ve collectively faced, which hovers over its dramatic landscape, but is rarely directly addressed, a narrative penumbra subtle enough to be merely suggestive, almost subliminal, even as today, in America and around the world, we navigate the pandemic’s lingering aftermath by way of our quiet struggles, individual and collective, with mental health—an insidious, one might say endemic, pandemic of its own— that we ignore at our societal peril. My mother struggled with manic depression, which inflected our fraught bond in sometimes volatile ways and may have contributed to her early …

Lawrence University One Hundred Seventy-Fourth Commencement, Sunday, June 11, 2023, Lawrence University

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Intraoperative Quantification Of Bone Perfusion In Lower Extremity Injury Surgery, Xinyue Han

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Orthopaedic surgery is one of the most common surgical categories. In particular, lower extremity injuries sustained from trauma can be complex and life-threatening injuries that are addressed through orthopaedic trauma surgery. Timely evaluation and surgical debridement following lower extremity injury is essential, because devitalized bones and tissues will result in high surgical site infection rates. However, the current clinical judgment of what constitutes “devitalized tissue” is subjective and dependent on surgeon experience, so it is necessary to develop imaging techniques for guiding surgical debridement, in order to control infection rates and to improve patient outcome.

In this thesis work, computational …

Consensus’S Consolidation Conundrum, James J. Bernstein

Washington Journal of Law, Technology & Arts

In Part I, this piece will highlight the history, basis, and justifications for blockchain systems over the present version of the internet. This section helps to frame where consensus mechanisms may undermine Web3’s core premise. Part II will describe the fundamentals of consensus mechanisms. Thereafter, in Part III this piece will demonstrate the pitfalls of each system - and why proof of stake is not necessarily better at fighting off some of the risks associated with consensus mechanisms. Finally, in Part IV this article offers an architectural solution: introducing a series of new protocols which would increase the cost of …

Synodality: Learning From Asian Pentecostalism, Edmund Kee-Fook Chia

Asia Pacific Mission Studies

No abstract provided.

Burden Of Performance: Totalitarianism In Self, Ziyin Qian

Comparative Literature M.A. Essays

By comparative reading of three pairs of performative moments in The Trial by Franz Kafka and Thought Report by Can Xue, this essay demonstrates the homological structure of totalitarianism, the idea of self, and truth as confinement from the perspective of tightness. The essay argues, the tightness in totalitarianism is constructed through the cooperation of individual and collective performance. First, It applies Hannah Arendt’s observation of elements in totalitarianism to analyze how the tightness in totalitarian bureaucracy is constructed by performance. Second, departing from Levinas’s 1935 essay “On Escape,” the essay investigates why escape is an essential need for human-beings …

Limits To Sentience, Donald M. Broom

Animal Sentience

There are many parallels between cellular function in animals and plants. Plants can have complex interactions with their environments. But they lack a central nervous system, which is a prerequisite for sentience (the capacity to feel). In my view the suggestion that plants are sentient is not only empirically incorrect but potentially harmful to the efforts to protect the welfare of sentient beings.

Whole Genome Analysis For 163 Grnas In Cas9-Edited Mice Reveals Minimal Off-Target Activity., Kevin A Peterson, Sam Khalouei, Nour Hanafi, Joshua A Wood, Denise G Lanza, Lauri G Lintott, Brandon J Willis, John R Seavitt, Robert E Braun, Mary E Dickinson, Jacqueline K White, K C Kent Lloyd, Jason D Heaney, Stephen A Murray, Arun Ramani, Lauryl M J Nutter

Faculty Research 2023

Genome editing with CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins holds exceptional promise for "correcting" variants causing genetic disease. To realize this promise, off-target genomic changes cannot occur during the editing process. Here, we use whole genome sequencing to compare the genomes of 50 Cas9-edited founder mice to 28 untreated control mice to assess the occurrence of S. pyogenes Cas9-induced off-target mutagenesis. Computational analysis of whole-genome sequencing data detects 26 unique sequence variants at 23 predicted off-target sites for 18/163 guides used. While computationally detected variants are identified in 30% (15/50) of Cas9 gene-edited founder animals, only 38% (10/26) of the variants in 8/15 …

Calciferol Status And Clinical Outcomes In Children With Congenital Heart Disease After Heart Surgery, Zulham Effendy, Tri Yanti Rahayuningsih, Fachrul Razi, Hendra Kurniawan, Azmi, Farhan Marzuki, Herdianta, Rovy Pratama

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Highlights: Calciferol has cardioprotective properties, and a severe deficiency of calciferol is associated with septic shock, a longer duration of mechanical ventilation and treatment in the intensive care unit, and mortality. The role of calciferol in critical conditions has been described in several research reports, but relatively little is known about its function in pediatric cardiac surgery. Abstract Calciferol is a micronutrient and a secosteroid hormone that plays a role in maintaining the health of bones and soft tissues in the body, such as the myocardium, as well as the immune system. Hypovitaminosis D has been reported to be associated …

Epistemic Mentalizing And Causal Cognition Across Agents And Objects, Bryan S. Gonzalez

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

This dissertation examines mentalizing abilities, causal reasoning, and the interactions thereof. Minds are so much more than false beliefs, yet much of the existing research on mentalizing has placed a disproportionately large emphasis on this one aspect of mental life. The first aim of this dissertation is to examine whether representing others’ knowledge states relies on more fundamentally basic cognitive processes than representations of their mere beliefs. Using a mixture of behavioral and brain measures across five experiments, I find evidence that we can represent others' knowledge quicker and using fewer neural resources than when representing others’ beliefs. To be …

Crosstalk Between Diacylglycerol Kinase And Protein Kinase A In The Regulation Of Airway Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation, Miguel Angel Hernandez-Lara, Santosh Kumar Yadav, Stanley Conaway, Sushrut D. Shah, Raymond B. Penn, Phd, Deepak A. Deshpande, Phd

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) regulates intracellular signaling and functions by converting diacylglycerol (DAG) into phosphatidic acid. We previously demonstrated that DGK inhibition attenuates airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell proliferation, however, the mechanisms mediating this effect are not well established. Given the capacity of protein kinase A (PKA) to effect inhibition of ASM cells growth in response to mitogens, we employed multiple molecular and pharmacological approaches to examine the putative role of PKA in the inhibition of mitogen-induced ASM cell proliferation by the small molecular DGK inhibitor I (DGK I).

Methods: We assayed cell proliferation using CyQUANT™ NF assay, protein expression …

Paleoamerican Exploitation Of Extinct Megafauna Revealed Through Immunological Blood Residue And Microwear Analysis, North And South Carolina, Usa, Christopher R Moore, Larry R Kimball, Albert C Goodyear, Mark J Brooks, I Randolph Daniel, Allen West, Sean G Taylor, Kiersten J Weber, John L Fagan, Cam M Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Previous immunological studies in the eastern USA have failed to establish a direct connection between Paleoamericans and extinct megafauna species. The lack of physical evidence for the presence of extinct megafauna begs the question, did early Paleoamericans regularly hunt or scavenge these animals, or were some megafauna already extinct? In this study of 120 Paleoamerican stone tools from across North and South Carolina, we investigate this question using crossover immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). We find immunological support for the exploitation of extant and extinct megafauna, including Proboscidea, Equidae, and Bovidae (possibly Bison antiquus), on Clovis points and scrapers, as well as possible …

Music In The Liturgy: An Education-Focused Approach, Robert M. Beatty

College of Education Theses and Dissertations

This project examines how people engage with music in the Latin Rite Roman Catholic Liturgy. Despite ongoing debates in the field of liturgical music regarding musical style, music may express theological concepts, explore critical historical developments, reflect different cultural influences, and challenge commonly held beliefs. This inquiry explores these dynamics from the standpoints of educational theory and theology by examining the process of 'doing' and ‘receiving’ music in the liturgy. The site for this study was St. Vincent de Paul Parish in Chicago, whose current curriculum-based, liturgical music program developed over the last twenty-five years. Qualitative, case-study research methods, personal …