Digital Commons Network^™

Csd 320.01: Phonological Development & Phonetics, Collie A. Putnam

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Csd 396.01: Inclusive Campus-Based Practices For Neurodiverse Persons - Service Learning, Jennifer K. Schoffer Closson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Nrsm 570.01: Political Ecology, Hilary Faxon

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Enst 472.01: General Science - Conservation Education, Jennifer C. Robinson, David C. Owens

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Phl 110e.50: Introduction To Ethics, Charles B. Hayes

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

General-Purpose Regional Governance As A Sustainability Tool In Metropolitan Areas: Empower Denver's Drcog To Facilitate Meaningful Transit-Oriented Development, Juliana Todeschi

Denver Law Review Forum

​Today most Americans live in metropolitan regions which are comprised of numerous local governments. Home rule jurisdiction precludes these local governments from acting in isolation to curb the negative impact of sprawl. However, issues of regional significance that are not addressed by the state result in a regulatory vacuum. Juliana Todeschi explores how a general-purpose regional government structure can fill that regulatory vacuum, promoting a sustainable metropolitan region. Ms. Todeschi argues a regional governance approach better fits transit-oriented development and analyzes the Denver region in a case study.​​​

Regulate Commerce, Not Cruelty: Will The Dormant Commerce Clause Shield States That Want To Protect Pigs, Dakota Hamko

Denver Law Review Forum

​Dakota Hamko addresses the increasing ability of states to regulate in unprecedented areas and several modern limitations on this authority and also explores critical lessons from Dormant Commerce Clause precedent and its effect on the future of regulating animal cruelty through sales bans.​

Vol. 26, No. 2: Masthead, Water Law Review

Water Law Review

No abstract provided.

Vol. 26, No. 2: Full Issue, Water Law Review

Water Law Review

No abstract provided.

Vol 49, No. 1: Full Issue, Transportation Law Journal

Transportation Law Journal

No abstract provided.

A Twenty-First Century Response To Commuter Torts, Andrew Metzger

Transportation Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Artificial Intelligence And Interspecific Law, Daniel J. Gervais, John J. Nay

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Several experts have warned about artificial intelligence (AI) exceeding human capabilities, a “singularity” at which it might evolve beyond human control. Whether this will ever happen is a matter of conjecture. A legal singularity is afoot, however: For the first time, nonhuman entities that are not directed by humans may enter the legal system as a new “species” of legal subjects. This possibility of an “interspecific” legal system provides an opportunity to consider how AI might be built and governed. We argue that the legal system may be more ready for AI agents than many believe. Rather than attempt to …

Fine Balance: Empire, Neoliberalism And The Fair And Equitable Standard Of Treatment In International Investment Law, Sannoy Das

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

In this article, I show how the framework of empire remains central for analyzing contemporary international investment law. Moving beyond criticisms about the domination of global South polities by the West, or by a transnational capitalist class, I suggest instead that ‘empire’ can help us analyze the protocols of reasoning in investor-State arbitrations. Through a close reading of scholarship on the fair and equitable (FET) clause, and a recent arbitral award arising out an FET claim, I show that the field is characterized by an imperial mode of legal reasoning. This mode was reason was produced by a foundational distrust …

Evaluation And Description Of Nature-Based Engineering Stream Restoration Through Dutton Shadyside Park, Julie Wildschut, Andrea Lubberts, David P. Warners, Haley Weesies

Faculty and Professional Research

As land uses change over time, from wetlands and forests to agricultural fields, suburban neighborhoods, and commercial areas, stormwater runoff increases in volume and moves more rapidly into nearby streams. This altered hydrology conveys pollutants directly to local waterways and increases erosion, resulting in deeply entrenched channels with steep banks lacking vegetation. Plaster Creek, located near Grand Rapids, MI, is an example of such an impaired stream, having become channelized and separated from adjacent floodplain habitat along much of its 26-mile length. As part of a Michigan EGLE 319 grant, Plaster Creek Stewards, an initiative of Calvin University, used nature-based …

Equine Bronchial Epithelial Cells Are Susceptible To Cell Entry With A Sars-Cov-2 Pseudovirus But Reveal Low Replication Efficiency, Bibiana Petri Da Silveira, Jennifer L Fridley, Kelsey M Wells, Numan Oezguen, Robert C Burghardt, Gus A Wright, Jeroen Pollet, Angela I Bordin, Paul De Figueiredo, Julian L Leibowitz, Noah D Cohen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: To examine the susceptibility of cultured primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBECs) to a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pseudovirus relative to human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs).

Sample: Primary EBEC cultures established from healthy adult horses and commercially sourced human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) were used as a positive control.

Methods: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression by EBECs was demonstrated using immunofluorescence, western immunoblot, and flow cytometry. EBECs were transduced with a lentivirus pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that binds to ACE2 and expresses the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) as a reporter. Cells were transduced …

Lead Exposure Of Mainland Australia's Top Avian Predator, Jordan O. Hampton, Michael T. Lohr, Aaron J. Specht, Damien Nzabanita, Jasmin Hufschmid, Lee Berger, Kate Mcginnis, Jane Melville, Emma Bennett, James M. Pay

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Lead (Pb) toxicity, through ingestion of lead ammunition in carcasses, is a threat to scavenging birds worldwide, but has received little attention in Australia. We analyzed lead exposure in the wedge-tailed eagle (Aquila audax), the largest raptor species found in mainland Australia and a facultative scavenger. Eagle carcasses were collected opportunistically throughout south-eastern mainland Australia between 1996 and 2022. Lead concentrations were measured in bone samples from 62 animals via portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Lead was detected (concentration > 1 ppm) in 84% (n = 52) of the bone samples. The mean lead concentration of birds in which lead was detected …

Rna Interference Targeting Angptl3 For Triglyceride And Cholesterol Lowering: Phase 1 Basket Trial Cohorts, Patrick A Gladding, David Sullivan, John Baker, Peter Clifton, James Hamilton, Bruce Given, Stacey Melquist, Rong Zhou, Ting Chang, Javier San Martin, Daniel Gaudet, Ira J Goldberg, Joshua W Knowles, Robert A Hegele, Christie M Ballantyne

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Elevated triglycerides and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ARO-ANG3 is an RNA interference therapy that targets angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3), a regulator of lipoprotein metabolism. This first-in-human, phase 1, randomized, placebo-controlled, open-label trial investigated single and repeat ARO-ANG3 doses in four cohorts of fifty-two healthy participants and one cohort of nine participants with hepatic steatosis, part of a basket trial. Safety (primary objective) and pharmacokinetics (in healthy participants) and pharmacodynamics (secondary objectives) of ARO-ANG3 were evaluated. ARO-ANG3 was generally well tolerated, with similar frequencies of treatment-emergent adverse events in active and placebo groups. …

Treatment Of Low Back Pain Elicited By Middle Cluneal Neuralgia: Case Report And Literature Review Of Interventional Treatments, Christian Vangeison, Andrea M Trescot, Emanuel Narcis Husu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Cluneal neuralgia is increasingly becoming recognized as an etiology of low back pain. The majority of the literature on cluneal nerve interventions describes modalities targeting the superior cluneal nerves with little emphasis on the middle cluneal nerves.

Case report: A 21-year-old woman with a medical history of congenital myelomeningocele with tethered cord at L5-S1, status post 3 decompressive releases, presented to the clinic with chronic low back pain and associated sacroiliac paresthesia. Over 11 months, she underwent 7 ultrasound-guided bilateral middle cluneal nerve blocks, without corticosteroid, resulting in significant, immediate pain relief sustained for 4 to 6 weeks.

Conclusions: …

Loss Of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Exacerbates Lung Injury In Neonatal Mice, Weiwu Jiang, Lihua Wang, Xiaoyu Dong, Bhagavatula Moorthy, Eniko Sajti, Krithika Lingappan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, and its expression increases under various stress conditions, including inflammation, hyperoxia, and senescence. GDF15 expression is increased in neonatal murine bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) models, and GDF15 loss exacerbates oxidative stress and decreases cellular viability in vitro. Our overall hypothesis is that the loss of GDF15 will exacerbate hyperoxic lung injury in the neonatal lung in vivo. We exposed neonatal

New Records Of Ornithodoros Turicata (Ixodida: Argasidae) In Rural And Urban Sites In The Mexican States Of Aguascalientes And Zacatecas Indicate The Potential For Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever, Alexander R Kneubehl, Aparna Krishnavajhala, Michael W Curtis, Alejandro Ponce-Mendoza, Paulina Estrada-De Los Santos, Job E Lopez, J Antonio Ibarra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Soft ticks from the Ornithodoros genus are vectors of relapsing fever (RF) spirochetes around the world. In Mexico, they were originally described in the 19th century. However, few recent surveillance studies have been conducted in Mexico, and regions where RF spirochetes circulate remain vague. Here, the presence of soft ticks in populated areas was assessed in two sites from the Mexican states of Aguascalientes and Zacatecas. Argasidae ticks were collected, identified by morphology and mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene sequencing, and tested for RF borreliae. The specimens in both sites were identified as Ornithodoros turicata but no RF spirochetes were detected. …

Polygenic Genetic Variation Affecting Antibody Formation Underlies Hypertensive Renal Injury In The Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat, M John Hicks, Michael C Braun, Peter A Doris

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

During development of the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), several distinct but closely related lines were generated. Most lines are resistant to hypertensive renal disease. However, the SHR-A3 line (stroke-prone SHR) experiences end-organ injury (EOI) and provides a model of injury susceptibility that can be used to uncover genetic causation. In the present study, we generated a congenic line in which three distinct disease loci in SHR-A3 are concurrently replaced with homologous loci from an injury-resistant SHR line (SHR-B2). Verification that all three loci were homozygously replaced in this triple congenic line [SHR-A3(Trip B2)] while the genetic background of SHR-A3 was …

Characterizing Control Of Memory Cd8 T Cell Differentiation By Btb-Zf Transcription Factor Zbtb20, Chenyang Li, Fred W Kolling, Heidi W Trask, Young-Kwang Usherwood, Chao Cheng, Hildreth R Frost, Edward J Usherwood

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Members of the BTB-ZF transcription factor family regulate the immune system. Our laboratory identified that family member Zbtb20 contributes to the differentiation, recall responses, and metabolism of CD8 T cells. Here, we report a characterization of the transcriptional and epigenetic signatures controlled by Zbtb20 at single-cell resolution during the effector and memory phases of the CD8 T cell response. Without Zbtb20, transcriptional programs associated with memory CD8 T cell formation were up-regulated throughout the CD8 T response. A signature of open chromatin was associated with genes controlling T cell activation, consistent with the known impact on differentiation. In addition, memory …

Host Interactions Of Novel Crassvirales Species Belonging To Multiple Families Infecting Bacterial Host, Bacteroides Cellulosilyticus Wh2host Interactions Of Novel Crassvirales Species Belonging To Multiple Families Infecting Bacterial Host, Bacteroides Cellulosilyticus Wh2, Bhavya Papudeshi, Lindsay Droit, Scott A Handley, David Wang, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Bacteroides, the prominent bacteria in the human gut, play a crucial role in degrading complex polysaccharides. Their abundance is influenced by phages belonging to the

Global Sumoylation In Mouse Oocytes Maintains Oocyte Identity And Regulates Chromatin Remodeling And Transcriptional Silencing At The End Of Folliculogenesis, Peixin Jiang, Sean M Hartig, Karen Schindler, Stephanie A Pangas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Meiotically competent oocytes in mammals undergo cyclic development during folliculogenesis. Oocytes within ovarian follicles are transcriptionally active, producing and storing transcripts required for oocyte growth, somatic cell communication and early embryogenesis. Transcription ceases as oocytes transition from growth to maturation and does not resume until zygotic genome activation. Although SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, plays multifaceted roles in transcriptional regulation, its involvement during oocyte development remains poorly understood. In this study, we generated an oocyte-specific knockout of Ube2i, encoding the SUMO E2 enzyme UBE2I, using Zp3-cre+ to determine how loss of oocyte SUMOylation during folliculogenesis affects oocyte development. Ube2i Zp3-cre+ female …

Revisiting The Use Of Antibiotics To Prevent Copd Exacerbation: Is Doxycycline The Answer?

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Maternal Metabolism Influences Neural Tube Closure

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Changes in maternal nutrient availability due to diet or disease significantly increase the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). Because the incidence of metabolic disease continues to rise, it is urgent that we better understand how altered maternal nutrient levels can influence embryonic neural tube development. Furthermore, primary neurulation occurs before placental function during a period of histiotrophic nutrient exchange. In this review we detail how maternal metabolites are transported by the yolk sac to the developing embryo. We discuss recent advances in understanding how altered maternal levels of essential nutrients disrupt development of the neuroepithelium, and identify points of …

A Defect In Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Synthesis Impairs Iron Metabolism And Causes Elevated Ceramide Levels, Paul C Marcogliese, Zhongyuan Zuo, Rishi V Shridharan, Jun Hyoung Park, Undiagnosed Diseases Networ, Guang Lin, Ming Ge, Gali Heimer, Jennefer N Kohler, Matthew T Wheeler, Benny A Kaipparettu, Akhilesh Pandey, Hugo J Bellen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In most eukaryotic cells, fatty acid synthesis (FAS) occurs in the cytoplasm and in mitochondria. However, the relative contribution of mitochondrial FAS (mtFAS) to the cellular lipidome is not well defined. Here we show that loss of function of Drosophila mitochondrial enoyl coenzyme A reductase (Mecr), which is the enzyme required for the last step of mtFAS, causes lethality, while neuronal loss of Mecr leads to progressive neurodegeneration. We observe a defect in Fe-S cluster biogenesis and increased iron levels in flies lacking mecr, leading to elevated ceramide levels. Reducing the levels of either iron or ceramide suppresses the neurodegenerative …

A Novel Grk3-Hdac2 Regulatory Pathway Is A Key Direct Link Between Neuroendocrine Differentiation And Angiogenesis In Prostate Cancer Progression, Dayong Zheng, Mohit Hulsurkar, Michael Bakhoum, Ning Su, Han Yang, Tao Shen, Wenliang Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The mechanisms underlying the progression of prostate cancer (PCa) to neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), an aggressive PCa variant, are largely unclear. Two prominent NEPC phenotypes are elevated NE marker expression and heightened angiogenesis. Identifying the still elusive direct molecular links connecting angiogenesis and neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) is crucial for our understanding and targeting of NEPC. Here we found that histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), whose role in NEPC has not been reported, is one of the most upregulated epigenetic regulators in NEPC. HDAC2 promotes both NED and angiogenesis. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 3 (GRK3), also upregulated in NEPC, is a critical …

Identifying Sources Of Antibiotic Resistance Genes In The Environment Using The Microbial Find, Inform, And Test Framework, Corinne Wiesner-Friedman, Rachelle E. Beattie, Jill R. Stewart, Krassimira R. Hristova, Marc L. Serre

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing public health concern for humans, animals, and the environment. However, the contributions of spatially distributed sources of AMR in the environment are not well defined.

Methods: To identify the sources of environmental AMR, the novel microbial Find, Inform, and Test (FIT) model was applied to a panel of five antibiotic resistance-associated genes (ARGs), namely, erm(B), tet(W), qnrA, sul1, and intI1, quantified from riverbed sediment and surface water from a mixed-use region.

Results: A one standard deviation increase in the modeled contributions of elevated AMR from bovine sources or land-applied waste sources [land application …

Comments On Preliminary Draft 9, Shyamkrishna Balganesh, Jane C. Ginsburg, Peter S. Menell

Faculty Scholarship

We are writing to offer our views on Preliminary Draft No. 9 (“PD9”) and express our deep and persistent concern about the direction and methodology that the Project continues to take, which we have sought to address and remedy at multiple points over the last several years. The elements of PD9 that we describe below are, in our view, particularly striking illustrations of the problems that we have previously identified. The gravity and salience of PD9’s problems are borne out in the comments of Judge Pierre Leval, who describes elements of the draft as requiring “a substantial editing and rewriting.” …