Digital Commons Network^™

Judicial Review Of Coronavirus Measures In The United Kingdom And France, Duncan Fairgrieve, Francois Lichere

Georgia Law Review

This Article examines the executive measures taken during the coronavirus pandemic and the challenges brought against them before the courts. Adopting a comparative law perspective by contrasting the U.K. and France, the authors compare the principles applied by the courts, the degree of intensity of judicial review, and the deference afforded to public authorities often acting in haste to respond to the public health threat of the pandemic. While it is not easy to explain those differences, institutional, procedural, and socio-legal factors may play a role.

Gratuitous Wealth: How Wealth Transfer Tax Avoidance Contributes To America's Unwinding, Robbie Ottley

Georgia Law Review

In an era of increasing economic concentration, ultrawealthy Americans overwhelmingly pay taxes at a lower rate than their fellow taxpayers. Using tax avoidance mechanisms, the ultrawealthy cling tightly to their wealth, worsening economic inequality. A particular culprit is the ultrawealthy’s avoidance of generational wealth transfer taxes through mechanisms like the grantor retained annuity trust, or GRAT. Since 2000, GRATs have exploded in use, and estimates of the tax avoided through this mechanism range from hundreds of billions to trillions of dollars. By exacerbating economic inequality, GRATs and other transfer tax avoidance mechanisms accelerate the socioeconomic and cultural fracturing that has …

Cocinar Para Dioses Y Hombres: Los Tamales De Los Lacandones Del Norte, Alice Balsanelli

Maya America: Journal of Essays, Commentary, and Analysis

Resumen: En los estudios referentes a la religión lacandona, las mujeres han quedado prácticamente invisibilizadas, puesto que las principales labores rituales se encontraban a cargo de los varones. Sin embargo, eran ellas quienes elaboraban las ofrendas sagradas para los dioses, en particular, los tamales ceremoniales. Los lacandones contemporáneos separan los tamales en dos categorías: aquellos que se ofrendan a las deidades y los que se destinan al consumo doméstico. El texto presente, fundamentado en información etnográfica, esclarece las diferencias en el proceso de elaboración de los alimentos divinos y humanos. Asimismo, se ilustran los cambios en las recetas, que fueron …

Forced Family Separation: U.S. Crimes Against Indigenous Peoples, Lauren Heidbrink, Giovanni Batz, David W. Barillas Chón

Maya America: Journal of Essays, Commentary, and Analysis

Forced family separation under the U.S. Zero Tolerance policy is not only a crime against humanity, but also a crime against Indigenous Peoples, which includes the Maya. Rooted in white supremacist ideologies and settler colonialism, contemporary forced family separation continues historical violence inflicted upon Maya Peoples by the U.S. government. Submitted to the International Criminal Court, this amicus brief contends that the Court should investigate and hold the U.S. accountable for crimes against Indigenous Peoples under the U.S. Zero Tolerance policy. The amicus brief begins with an overview of Maya Peoples in present-day Guatemala and the meanings and practices of …

Complete Issue: Volume 6 Issue 1, Maya America Editors

Maya America: Journal of Essays, Commentary, and Analysis

The full Issue 1, Volume 6 of Maya America, published June 2024

Introducción Essay - Tamales Mayas. Sabores En El Tiempo, Laura Elena Sotelo Santos, Adriana Cruz-Manjarrez

Maya America: Journal of Essays, Commentary, and Analysis

Editors' introduction of Maya America Volume 6 Issue 1. This article is written in Spanish.

The Aging Lacrimal Gland Of Female C57bl/6j Mice Exhibits Multinucleate Macrophage Infiltration Associated With Lipid Dysregulation, Minchang Choi, Cindy Toscano, Maria C Edman, Cintia S De Paiva, Sarah F Hamm-Alvarez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: Loss of function of the lacrimal gland (LG), which produces the aqueous tear film, is implicated in age-related dry eye. To better understand this deterioration, we evaluated changes in lipid metabolism and inflammation in LGs from an aging model.

METHODS: LG sections from female C57BL/6J mice of different ages (young, 2-3 months; intermediate, 10-14 months; old, ≥24 months) were stained with Oil Red-O or Toluidine blue to detect lipids. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis and western blotting of LG lysates determined differences in the expression of genes and proteins related to lipid metabolism. A photobleaching protocol to …

So, You're Going On A Trail Ride, Gabriela Murza, Katelyn Barsnick, Karl Hoopes

All Current Publications

Horse trail rides provide an opportunity for individuals to partner with horses to experience the natural world in a new way. However, we should consider the physical demands it places on both riders and horses. Adequate preparation, including selecting appropriate clothing, employing safe riding practices, and engaging in pre-ride stretches to enhance rider fitness, allows participants to fully appreciate the experience.

294 5th Ave. Realty Partners Llc V. Jimenez

All Decisions

Landlord commenced a non-payment proceeding against a rent-controlled tenant. Tenant moved to dismiss based on rent-impairing violations and harassment. Court granted tenant's motion, finding rent-impairing violations existed for over a year, and landlord failed to correct them. The court granted a 100% rent abatement from October 2019 to June 2023 due to these violations. Court also found evidence of harassment based on landlord's repeated failure to correct the roof leak and imposed a $10,000 penalty. Landlord's prior squatter holdover proceedings were deemed not to constitute harassment.

Ectoine Enhances Mucin Production Via Restoring Il-13/Ifn-Γ Balance In A Murine Dry Eye Model, Na Lin, Xin Chen, Haixia Liu, Ning Gao, Zhao Liu, Jin Li, Stephen C Pflugfelder, De-Quan Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore protective effects and potential mechanism of ectoine, a natural osmoprotectant, on ocular surface mucin production in dry eye disease.

METHODS: A dry eye model was established in C57BL/6 mice exposed to desiccating stress (DS) with untreated (UT) mice as controls. DS mice were topically treated with 2.0% ectoine or PBS vehicle. Corneal epithelial defects were assessed by Oregon Green Dextran (OGD) fluorescent staining. Conjunctival goblet cells, ocular mucins, and T help (Th) cytokines were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining or ELISA, and RT-qPCR.

RESULTS: Compared with UT mice, corneal epithelial defects were detected as strong …

Glutamatergic Supramammillary Nucleus Neurons Respond To Threatening Stressors And Promote Active Coping, Abraham Escobedo, Salli-Ann Holloway, Megan Votoupal, Aaron L Cone, Hannah Skelton, Alex A Legaria, Imeh Ndiokho, Tasheia Floyd, Alexxai V Kravitz, Michael R Bruchas, Aaron J Norris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Threat-response neural circuits are conserved across species and play roles in normal behavior and psychiatric diseases. Maladaptive changes in these neural circuits contribute to stress, mood, and anxiety disorders. Active coping in response to stressors is a psychosocial factor associated with resilience against stress-induced mood and anxiety disorders. The neural circuitry underlying active coping is poorly understood, but the functioning of these circuits could be key for overcoming anxiety and related disorders. The supramammillary nucleus (SuM) has been suggested to be engaged by threat. SuM has many projections and a poorly understood diversity of neural populations. In studies using mice, …

Generalized Genetic Liability To Substance Use Disorders, Alex P. Miller, Ryan Bogdan, Arpana Agrawal, Alexander S. Hatoum

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lifetime and temporal co-occurrence of substance use disorders (SUDs) is common and compared with individual SUDs is characterized by greater severity, additional psychiatric comorbidities, and worse outcomes. Here, we review evidence for the role of generalized genetic liability to various SUDs. Coaggregation of SUDs has familial contributions, with twin studies suggesting a strong contribution of additive genetic influences undergirding use disorders for a variety of substances (including alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, and others). GWAS have documented similarly large genetic correlations between alcohol, cannabis, and opioid use disorders. Extending these findings, recent studies have identified multiple genomic loci that contribute to common …

Hexamerization: Explaining The Original Sin Of Igg-Mediated Complement Activation In Acute Lung Injury, Hrishikesh S. Kulkarni

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Although antibody-mediated lung damage is a major factor in transfusion-related acute lung injury (ALI), autoimmune lung disease (for example, coatomer subunit α [COPA] syndrome), and primary graft dysfunction following lung transplantation, the mechanism by which antigen-antibody complexes activate complement to induce lung damage remains unclear. In this issue of the JCI, Cleary and colleagues utilized several approaches to demonstrate that IgG forms hexamers with MHC class I alloantibodies. This hexamerization served as a key pathophysiological mechanism in alloimmune lung injury models and was mediated through the classical pathway of complement activation. Additionally, the authors provided avenues for exploring therapeutics for …

Highly Nutritious Marsh Vegetation As A Magnet For Swans, Harry G. Lumsden, Dave Mclachlin, Gerry Markhoff, Allan Scott

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

How Do Recent Changes In Lake Erie Affect Birds? Part Three: Type-E Botulism, Doug Tozer, Gregor Beck

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Ontario Bird Records Committee Report For 2018, Mike V.A. Burrell, Barbara N. Charlton, Kenneth G.D. Burrell, Joshua D. Vandermeulen, Amanda C. Guercio, Blake A. Mann, Donald A. Sutherland, Paul D. Pratt, William G. Lamond

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

How Do Recent Changes In Lake Erie Affect Birds? Part Two: Zebra Mussels And Quagga Mussels, Doug Tozer, Gregor Beck

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Reflections On Searching For And Finding Kirtland’S Warbler In Ontario And Québec, 1976-2016, Paul Leet Aird

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Distinguished Ornithologist: Dan Strickland, Ron Tozer

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

The Ivory Gull In Ontario, 1887-2016, Brandon R. Holden, D.V. Chip Weseloh

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

The Conservation Of Chimneys Used By Chimney Swifts In London, Ontario, 2004 To 2015, Winifred Wake

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

To The Death:A Red-Winged Blackbird Defends His Territory, John Sabean, Carol Sabean

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Using Bird Survey Data To Associate Habitat Type And Bird Species Richness In A Forest Of Southern Quebec, Juliana Balluffi-Fry, Kyle Elliott

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Wetland Drawdown And The Nutritional Value Of Lemna Minor To A Wild Trumpeter Swan Brood, Harry G. Lumsden, Vernon G. Thomas, Beren W. Robinson

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

The Aspirations And Disappointments Of Charles Fothergill In Upper Canada, Ontario’S Pioneer Ornithologist/Naturalist, From 1817 To 1840, John W. Sabean

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Egg Carrying By A Trumpeter Swan, Harry G. Lumsden

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Changes In Ornithological Methods In The Past 33 Years, Ken Abraham, Chris Risley, Chip Weseloh

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Embracing Change-The Evolution Of Ontario Birding: Mid-1990s To 2016, Jody Allair

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Ontario Birding: A Qualitative Study On Its Practice In The Field, Gavan P.L. Watson

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.

Diversity And Abundance Of Landbirds In Spring Reorientation Flights In The Pelee Region, Canada, Kenneth G.D. Burrell, Stephen D. Murphy, Bradley C. Fedy

Ontario Birds

No abstract provided.