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Pesticide Resistance In Stored-Product Insects And Alternative Biorational Management: A Brief Review, Farid Talukder Apr 2025

Pesticide Resistance In Stored-Product Insects And Alternative Biorational Management: A Brief Review, Farid Talukder

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Conventional pesticides are being used as the major tools for stored grain and food protection. Many conventional pesticides have created problems including pesticide resistance, toxic residues in the treated products, handling hazards, health hazards to operatives and pest resurgence. Among these, the incidence of pesticide resistance is a growing problem in stored product protection. Problems associated with synthetic pesticides, especially pesticide resistance, have created a worldwide interest in the development of alternative biorational strategies. Plant-derived materials, biological control agents, insect growth regulators, solar disinfestation systems, use of inert dusts and diatomaceous earth, etc., are potential viable alternatives. Most of these …

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Effect Of Spacing On Seed Yield Of Indigenous Rangeland And Forage Grass Species Grown Under Drip Irrigation, Saleem K. Nadaf, Safaa M. Al-Farsi, Saleh A. Al-Hinai, Abdul Aziz S. Al-Harthi, Ahmed N. Al-Bakri Apr 2025

Effect Of Spacing On Seed Yield Of Indigenous Rangeland And Forage Grass Species Grown Under Drip Irrigation, Saleem K. Nadaf, Safaa M. Al-Farsi, Saleh A. Al-Hinai, Abdul Aziz S. Al-Harthi, Ahmed N. Al-Bakri

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Two indigenous rangeland forage species, Cenchrus ciliaris and Coelachyrum piercei, were investigated for their response to varying inter-row (50 and 100-cm) and inter plant spacing (25, 50 and 100-cm) under drip irrigation along with the perennial popular forage, Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana). Expression of traits, such as plant stand, plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles and seed yield, differed under varying inter-row and inter-plant spacing in different harvests. The grass species produced higher seed yield due to less interplant competition under wider (100-cm) than under narrow row (50-cm) spacing. Chloris gayana produced highest mean seed yield in wider …

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Density Variation Of Different Shaped Food Particulates In Fluid Bed Drying: Empirical Models, Wiji Senadeera Apr 2025

Density Variation Of Different Shaped Food Particulates In Fluid Bed Drying: Empirical Models, Wiji Senadeera

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Three particular geometrical shapes, parallelepiped, cylindrical and spherical, were selected from potatoes (aspect ratio = 1:1, 2:1, 3:1), cut beans (length:diameter = 1:1, 2:1, 3:1) and peas respectively. The density variation of food particulates was studied in a batch fluidised bed dryer connected to a heat pump dehumidifier system. Apparent density and bulk density were evaluated with non-dimensional moisture at three different drying temperatures of 30, 40 and 50 oC. Relative humidity of hot air was kept at 15% in all drying temperatures. Several empirical relationships were developed for the determination of changes in densities with the moisture content. Simple …

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Length-Weight Relationships, Maturity, And Reproductive Season Of The Fringelip Mullet Crenimugil Crenilabis (Forsskål, 1775) From The Arabian Sea Coast Of Oman, Abdullah Al-Nahdi, Abdulaziz Al-Marzouqi, Said Al-Shajibi, Ahmed Al-Hosni Apr 2025

Length-Weight Relationships, Maturity, And Reproductive Season Of The Fringelip Mullet Crenimugil Crenilabis (Forsskål, 1775) From The Arabian Sea Coast Of Oman, Abdullah Al-Nahdi, Abdulaziz Al-Marzouqi, Said Al-Shajibi, Ahmed Al-Hosni

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Fringelip mullet (Crenimugil crenilabis) caught at Al Duqum and Salalah in the Arabian Sea region of Omanwere sampled monthly between January 2001 and December 2002. The total length (TL) of mullet caught with gill- and seine nets ranged from 12 to 54.5 cm (32.4 cm mean ± SD; n = 2445) but <2% of specimens had a TL<24 cm, suggesting gear selectivity. Females dominated samples (1 : 0.36) and reached L at 32.8 cm TL (32.2 cm in males). Length weight relationships were non-linear and conversion factors between TL, fork length (FL) and standard length (SL) were calculated. Proportionately, most females had ripe gonads in September and October, and males in September to November. Both female and male gonadosomatic indices (GSI) peaked in September and October and were lowest between May and August. The peak in reproductive activity coincides with the fall intermonsoon, when the Arabian Sea upwellings caused by the onshore winds of the SW monsoon season (June to August/September) retreat. During this intermonsoon period the inshore water temperatures begin to rise after reaching a minimum in August/September. Some reproductive activity also occurs in other months, particularly February, when water temperatures are seasonally lower.

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Length And Weight Relationships For 31 Species Of Fishes Caught By Trawl Off The Arabian Sea Coast Of Oman, Brett A. Human, Haithem Al-Busaidi Apr 2025

Length And Weight Relationships For 31 Species Of Fishes Caught By Trawl Off The Arabian Sea Coast Of Oman, Brett A. Human, Haithem Al-Busaidi

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Length and weight measurement for 31f ish species encountered in the Arabian Sea , o f f t h e Oma n Coast, were collected by demersal trawling during March 2007 and March 2008. A total of 3,261 specimens were measured for total length, or fork length, where appropriate, and green weight. Several commonly caught commercial species undergo onboard processing (dressing) prior to packaging, and dressed weight to green weight regressions and conversion factors were calculated for 12 of these species. The relationships obtained in this study were compared with those of other studies for the same fish species. These …

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Abalone, Haliotis Mariae (Wood, 1828), Hatchery And Seed Production Trials In Oman, Khalfan M. Al-Rashdi, Tsueno Iwao Apr 2025

Abalone, Haliotis Mariae (Wood, 1828), Hatchery And Seed Production Trials In Oman, Khalfan M. Al-Rashdi, Tsueno Iwao

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Hatchery and seed production trials for the Omani endemic abalone Haliotis mariae were carried out at the land-based Mirbat Abalone Seed Production Station in Oman between 1999 and 2000. The methods developed for broodstock conditioning, induction of spawning and fertilization, larval settlement, and the handling of small juveniles are shown. Abalone collected in the post-monsoon period and held for 2 months matured faster than those collected before the monsoon and held for 6 months. Spawning induction of males and females had 63% and 11% success rates respectively, and the morphology of early larval stages is shown. Survival rates of veliger …

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Density And Size Distribution Of The Sea Cucumber, Holothuria Scabra (Jaeger, 1935), At Six Exploited Sites In Mahout Bay, Sultanate Of Oman, Khalfan M. Al-Rashdi, Michel R. Claereboudt, Saud S. Al-Busaidi Apr 2025

Density And Size Distribution Of The Sea Cucumber, Holothuria Scabra (Jaeger, 1935), At Six Exploited Sites In Mahout Bay, Sultanate Of Oman, Khalfan M. Al-Rashdi, Michel R. Claereboudt, Saud S. Al-Busaidi

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

A rapid survey of the density and size distribution of recently exploited populations of Holothuria scabra in Mahout Bay (Ghubbat Hashish Bay) was carried out at six fishing sites. The results showed that population densities varied between 1170 and 4000 individuals ha-1 and biomass ranged between 393 and 2903 kg ha-1. The mean size of sea cucumbers and population densities were much lower in populations closer to human settlements, suggestive of overfishing. The sex ratio was estimated to be 1:1 and the size distributions of males and females did not differ significantly. The length-weight relationship for both sexes was calculated …

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Simulating Groundwater Charges For The Moroccan Drâa River Basin, Claudia Heidecke, Arnim Kuhn Apr 2025

Simulating Groundwater Charges For The Moroccan Drâa River Basin, Claudia Heidecke, Arnim Kuhn

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Agricultural production in the six oases in the Drâa Region in Southern Morocco is highly dependent on irrigation using mainly traditional irrigation channels or pumps. The basin has been suffering enormously from a continuing drought during recent years. Declining rainfall and high evapotranspiration rates in the semi-arid region lead to lower flow in the Drâa River. Aggravating this situation, farmers increasingly pump groundwater with motor pumps, leading to a rapidly drop in the aquifer. However, agricultural production is economically inefficient and based on subsistence farming. The income a farmer gets by selling a share of his production on the local …

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Prediction Of Composition Of Broiler Chicken Excreta Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, I. T. Kadim, W. Al-Marzooqi, O. Mahgoub, K. Annamalai Apr 2025

Prediction Of Composition Of Broiler Chicken Excreta Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, I. T. Kadim, W. Al-Marzooqi, O. Mahgoub, K. Annamalai

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopic (NIRS) calibrations were developed for the prediction of the content of dry matter (DM); nitrogen (N), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) in broiler excreta samples. The chemical composition of broiler excreta was determined by the conventional chemical analysis methods in the laboratory and compared with NIRS. Excreta samples (n = 72) were oven dried (60 oC) and analyzed for DM, N, EE, NDF, ADF, GE, Ca and P. The determined values (mean ± SD) were as follows: DM: 31.46 ± 7.65 (range:19.14 - …

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Life Cycle And Survival Of Hyalomma Dromedarii (Acari:Ixodidae) Under Laboratory Conditions, A.M. Alahmed, S.M. Kheir Apr 2025

Life Cycle And Survival Of Hyalomma Dromedarii (Acari:Ixodidae) Under Laboratory Conditions, A.M. Alahmed, S.M. Kheir

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The life cycle of Hyalomma dromedarii Koch (Acari:Ixodidae) on rabbits at 25 and 32ºC was compared at 85% R.H. At these temperatures, it behaved as a two-host tick and completed its life cycle in 108-146 and 80-115 days, respectively. The preoviposition, incubation and moulting periods varied significantly and were influenced by temperature. The survival periods of different developmental stages of Hyalomma dromedarii at 25ºC, 32, 38, 43, and 48ºC at 85% R.H. were investigated. The eggs, engorged nymphs and engorged females died at 38ºC, and the unfed larvae died at 43ºC. The longevity of the unfed adults decreased from 90-120 …

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Maximizing Toxicity Of Certain Insecticides Against Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst), A.H. Mansee, M.R. Montasser Apr 2025

Maximizing Toxicity Of Certain Insecticides Against Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst), A.H. Mansee, M.R. Montasser

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Effects of temperature and light exposure on the toxicity of deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and malathion against Tribolium castaneum were extensively studied using the residual film method. Results revealed that mortality increased proportionally with an increase in temperature, where the optimum temperature for the three tested insecticides was 30°C. Toxicity of the tested insecticides could be arranged in the following descending order: chlorpyrifos-methyl >deltamethrin >malathion. Moreover, light exposure obviously enhanced toxicity of the three investigated insecticides compared to dark exposure. Piperonyl butoxide (PB) acted as an oxidase inhibitor, when mixed with each of the three insecticides, increased the toxicity ratio by about …

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Efficiency Of Intravulval Lip Route Of Prostaglandin F2a Administration On Estrus Synchron, A. Srikandakumar, A. Mohammed, A. Ai-Abri Apr 2025

Efficiency Of Intravulval Lip Route Of Prostaglandin F2a Administration On Estrus Synchron, A. Srikandakumar, A. Mohammed, A. Ai-Abri

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Estrus was synchronized in dairy cattle using the synthetic prostaglandin F2a (PG) analog Estnunate (Coopers Animal Health Ltd., Berkhamsed, England. UK; 250 ug/ml of cloprostenol). PG was administered by two routes at two different doses, 500 ug by im route (control) and 125 pg by intravulval lip (ivu) route (treatment). All animals were bred by artificial insemination (AI) to detected estrus using the am-pm breeding rule (BR). First service conception rate (FSCR) for all dairy cows and heifers was 70% for the control and 54% for the treatment groups (P>0.05). The FSCR was also not different (P>0.05) between …

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Comparison Of Agricultural Forecasts With Actual Data, Y.A. Alseleem Apr 2025

Comparison Of Agricultural Forecasts With Actual Data, Y.A. Alseleem

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

So far, little has been said regarding the accuracy of forecasting given by the Ministry of Agriculture and Water (MAW). Saudi Arabia. Measures of accuracy are quite useful in comparing several methods of sampling or analysis. A comparison of forecasts with actual data gives us a measure of accuracy. In fact, a current evaluation of the accuracy of crop forecasts appears useful since government agencies, agribusiness firms, and farmers make decisions involving millions of riyals annually on the basis of the forecast, and deficiencies in the forecasts may cause undesirable effects on plans and resource allocation. The present research examines …

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An Improved Diluent For Long-Term Liquid Storage Of Chicken Semen, D. K. Palmer, S.N.M. Ai-Maskari Apr 2025

An Improved Diluent For Long-Term Liquid Storage Of Chicken Semen, D. K. Palmer, S.N.M. Ai-Maskari

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

A prototype chicken semen diluent formulation has been developed based on the results of preliminary experiments. Preliminary experiments indicated the substitution of glutamate for the acetate and phosphate generally present in chicken semen diluents improved post-insemination fertility levels obtained from chicken semen following 24-96 hours of in vitro storage. Additional preliminary experiments indicated potassium could be substituted for the sodium generally contained in chicken semen diluents without affecting post-insemination fertility levels. The dual biological buffers, BES and BIS-TRIS, that replace the single biological buffer sometimes contained in chicken semen diluents have opposing effects on the diluent’s pH and permit adjustment …

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Date Fiber As A Constituent Of Broiler Starter Diets, W. Ai-Marzooki, A. Ai-Halhali, R. Ai-Maqbaly, A. Ritchie, K. Annamalai, N.E. Forsberg Apr 2025

Date Fiber As A Constituent Of Broiler Starter Diets, W. Ai-Marzooki, A. Ai-Halhali, R. Ai-Maqbaly, A. Ritchie, K. Annamalai, N.E. Forsberg

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

In Oman, efforts are underway to find alternative sources of fwd to support domestic livestock. The date industry thrives in Oman and one of its by-products is date fiber, a by-product of date syrup production. Although the product contains some free sugars, an evaluation of its potential in broiler diets has never been undertaken. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to investigate the value of date fiber in broiler chick diets. The experimental diets consisted of four graded levels of date fiber: 0, 15, 30 and 45 % in a broiler-starter ration replacing corn as an energy source. The diets were …

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Evaluation Of Hormonal Treatment With Sponges And Pmsg On Reproductive Performance And Profitability Of Awassi Sheep Reared Under Semi-Intensive Management Systems, E.K. Al-Karablieh, M.M. Abdelrahman Apr 2025

Evaluation Of Hormonal Treatment With Sponges And Pmsg On Reproductive Performance And Profitability Of Awassi Sheep Reared Under Semi-Intensive Management Systems, E.K. Al-Karablieh, M.M. Abdelrahman

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Intravaginal progesterone impregnated sponges and PMSG hormonal injection is a new herding practice for sheep introduced to farmers in order to synchronize estrous and superovulation to increase lambing rate, twinning rate, and to synchronize lambing. Sheep flocks, raised under a semi-intensive system, were selected and divided into two groups; control and treated (sponge and PMSG). The study was repeated for seven breeding seasons to evaluate the reproductive performance and profitability of this practice. Treated groups showed a significant increase (P < 0.001) in fertility, lambing, twinning, and prolificacy rates compared to controls. The average fertility for treated groups was 84.8% and whereas for controls, it was 62.7%. Lambing rate increased from 64.9% to 111.0% and twinning rate increased from 3.13% to 29.9% as a result of treatment. Partial budget analysis was used to determine the profitability of this practice. The incremental net return due to hormone treatment was 8.91 JD/ewe.

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Food Import Demand: Meat, Dairy Products, Eggs And Live Animals In Oman, G.V. Chomo, A.S. Ai-Marshudi, O.S. Ai-Jabri Apr 2025

Food Import Demand: Meat, Dairy Products, Eggs And Live Animals In Oman, G.V. Chomo, A.S. Ai-Marshudi, O.S. Ai-Jabri

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

To develop effective food import policies, it is necessary to understand the responsiveness of consumers to factors affecting import demand. These factors include consumer response to changes in import prices and income. In this study the authors develop economic models of import demand for three main product groups in Oman: meats, dairy and eggs, and live animals. These product groups have been identified as major sources of protein for the Omani population. In addition, these products have a history of domestic production and potential for reducing dependence on food imports. The results indicate that the estimated price elasticity of demand …

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Performance Of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Dried Sardines, A.S. Ai-Abri, C.D. Lu, R.J. Early, A. Srikandakumar, O. Mahgoub, A. Ritche, K. Annamalai Apr 2025

Performance Of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Dried Sardines, A.S. Ai-Abri, C.D. Lu, R.J. Early, A. Srikandakumar, O. Mahgoub, A. Ritche, K. Annamalai

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

To utilize locally available feed resources with livestock production in hot climates, dried sardines were incorporated into diets for lactating dairy cows. Fourteen Holstein and 13 Australian Milk Zebu multiparous cows were used in a 70-day continuous feeding experiment. lsonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing either soybean meal or dried sardines (supplied 40% of dietary crude protein) were fed ad - libitum. Comparisons between diets were made during the 7-week experimental period. The experiment was conducted as a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatment, with diet and breed as main factors. Ruminal pH, ammonia N, total and individual volatile fatty …

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Somatic Cell Score As Predictor Of Daily Milk Yield In Holsteins, M.S. Khan, G.E. Shook, Ed. Hailman Apr 2025

Somatic Cell Score As Predictor Of Daily Milk Yield In Holsteins, M.S. Khan, G.E. Shook, Ed. Hailman

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The purpose of our Study was to determine if variation in milk yield at later Stages of lactation can be explained by expressions of early lactation somatic cell score (SCS) and if the prediction of future yield within lactation can be improved by including SCS among the predictors. Three data sets (n >600.000 each) were: milk yield with sample days near 20, 50 and 140. Stepwise regression was used requiring F statistic (P < .01) for any SCS variable to stay in the model. Separate analyses were run for 12 combinations of four seasons and first three parities for each data set. Selection of SCS variables was not consistent across seasons or parities. Coefficients of determination (R2) ranged from 54 to 74% with higher values for higher days in milk (DIM) and earlier lactations. The inclusion of SCS expressions in the prediction equations improved R2 by < 1% . SCS was associated with milk yield on sample day, but the association was not strong enough to improve the prediction of future yield when other expressions of milk yield were taken into account.

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Biochemical Disturbances Associated With Haemonchosis In Sheep, Z. Iqbal, C. S. Hayat, M. Akhtar, G. Rasool Apr 2025

Biochemical Disturbances Associated With Haemonchosis In Sheep, Z. Iqbal, C. S. Hayat, M. Akhtar, G. Rasool

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The serum concentrations of aspartate amino transferase(AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT). phosphorus, urea and potassium increased in infected animals. The increased AST and ALT levels suggested pathology of the skeletal muscle and hepatic parenchyma due to haemorrhagic gastritis and fatty degeneration of the liver. An increase in the serum phosphorus levels in infected animals may be attributed to a reciprocal relationship with serum calcium and carbohydrate utilization. An increase in urea and potassium concentrations might be due to dehydration and increased breakdown of proteins, and acidosis as a result of excessive fluid loss and increased catabolism of fat, protein and …

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Relationships Between Live Body And Carcass Measurements And Carcass Components In Omani Sheep, O. Mahgoub Apr 2025

Relationships Between Live Body And Carcass Measurements And Carcass Components In Omani Sheep, O. Mahgoub

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Thirty two Omani sheep including eight intact males. 16 castrated males and eight intact females were fed ad libitum a concentrate diet (l6% CP) plus chopped Rhodesgrass hay (8% CP) from weaning until slaughter at an average weight of 26 kg. Correlation and regression analyses were carried out to evaluate relationships between live body and carcass measurements with major body components. Generally there were positive correlations between slaughter weight, empty body weight (EBW) and hot carcass weight with total carcass muscle (r2 =0.57, 0.59, 0.59). fat (r2= 0.47, 0.48, 0.68) and bone (r2 = 0.51, 0.44, 0.31) contents respectively. There …

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Local And Regional Spatial Analysis Of Plant Virus Disease Epidemics With Geographic Information Systems (Gis) And Geostatistics, M. R. Nelson, T. V. Orum Apr 2025

Local And Regional Spatial Analysis Of Plant Virus Disease Epidemics With Geographic Information Systems (Gis) And Geostatistics, M. R. Nelson, T. V. Orum

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Recent advances in personal computer hardware and the rapid development of spatial analysis software that is user-friendly on PC's has provided remarkable new tools for the analysts of plant diseases, particularly ecologically complex virus diseases. Due to the complexity of the disease cycle of the animal-vectored plant virus, these diseases present the most interesting challenges for the application of spatial analysis technology. While traditional quantitative analysis of plant diseases concentrated on within-field spatial analysis, often involving rather arcane mathematical descriptions of pattern, the new spatial analysis tools are most useful at the dimension where many disease epidemics occur, the regional …

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Effect Of Hot And Humid Conditions On Cortisol Levels M Lactating Dairy Cows, M. Younas, J. W. Fuquayz, A.B. Moorez, S.M. I. Hussain Apr 2025

Effect Of Hot And Humid Conditions On Cortisol Levels M Lactating Dairy Cows, M. Younas, J. W. Fuquayz, A.B. Moorez, S.M. I. Hussain

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Fourteen lactating, non-pregnant Holstein cows were heat synchronized for estrus and assigned randomly to pens in a free stall barn with (Fan) or without (Control) a fan to observe the effect of forced ventilation on cortisol concentrations. After a 21-day adjustment period, Jugular cannulae were inserted for blood sampling before PGF2a injection. All animals were in their luteal phase at the time of injection as determined by previous observations for estrus and palpation. After PGFZa, blood samples were collected at 6-h intervals from 0 to 36h, 4-h intervals from 36 to 88h and 3 times weekly for three weeks thereafter. …

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Alfalfa Protein Concentrate As A Less Ruminally Degradable Protein Source For High-Producing Dairy Cows, C.D. Lu, Na. Jorgensen Apr 2025

Alfalfa Protein Concentrate As A Less Ruminally Degradable Protein Source For High-Producing Dairy Cows, C.D. Lu, Na. Jorgensen

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Ten multiparous Holstein cows were used in a 105-day continuous feeding trial to compare soybean meal (SBM) and alfalfa protein concentrate (APC) as supplemental protein sources for high-producing dairy cows. Dairy cows with an average milk production of 35.2 kg/day were paired and randomly assigned to one of the treatments. A double reversal design was employed With 35 days per period. The comparison between treatments was made during the last 21 days of each period. Experimental diets, containing 60% corn silage and 10% alfalfa hay, were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic (crude protein. 15.6%; net energy tor lactation, 1.60 …

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First Lactation Genetic Parameters Of Buffaloes Under Multiple Trait Animal Model, M.S. Khan, K. Z. Gondal, S. H. Raza, A. A. Asghar Apr 2025

First Lactation Genetic Parameters Of Buffaloes Under Multiple Trait Animal Model, M.S. Khan, K. Z. Gondal, S. H. Raza, A. A. Asghar

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

There are many computational algorithms available for estimating (co) variance components under multiple trait models. Paternal half-sib correlation is the most commonly used method for estimating genetic parameters of economic traits of buffaloes. The models used are Single trait, ignoring covariances with other traits. The relationship matrices are also ignored. This study was undertaken to estimate genetic parameters of first lactation traits of Nili Ravi buffaloes under a multiple trait animal model. First lactation milk yield was l7% heritable when traits such as age of calving interval were considered. Age at first calving was 18% heritable with very low genetic …

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Effect Of Sex-Linked Feathering Genes On Body Weight, Age At Sexual Maturity, Feed Intake And Subsequent Laying Performance Of Baladi Chickens, A. Ai-Sobayel, A.A. Ai-Mulhem Apr 2025

Effect Of Sex-Linked Feathering Genes On Body Weight, Age At Sexual Maturity, Feed Intake And Subsequent Laying Performance Of Baladi Chickens, A. Ai-Sobayel, A.A. Ai-Mulhem

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

A total of 320 twenty week-old slow and rapid feathering Saudi Arabian Baladi pullers were used to assess the effect of sex-linked feathering genes on body weight, age at sexual maturity, feed intake and subsequent laying performance. Similar numbers of rapid feathering Leghorns pullets were included in the study for the purpose of comparison. The experimental birds of each genotypic group were randomly divided into four replicates and subjected to standard management practices. Slow feathering Baladi pullers had higher (P<0.05) adult body weight, rate of mortality, and feed intake and a similar age at sexual maturity but showed lower (P< 0.05) hen-day, and hen-housed egg production and feed conversion compared with rapid feathering Baladi pullets. Rapid feathering Leghorns had higher (P<0.05) adult body weight. age at sexual maturity, hen-day egg production, rate of mortality and feed intake and lower feed intake/kg eggs than rapid and slow feathering Baladi. However, rapid feathering Baladi and Leghorns had similar hen-housed egg production and feed intake per dozen eggs and had better (l’<0.05') performance than slow feathering Baladi.

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Partitioning Of Chemical Constituents In The Leaf And Stover Of Sorghum Grown In A Saline Soil, H.A. Esechie, F.R. Miller Apr 2025

Partitioning Of Chemical Constituents In The Leaf And Stover Of Sorghum Grown In A Saline Soil, H.A. Esechie, F.R. Miller

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Field and laboratory studies were conducted in l990 and 1991 to determine the concentrations of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC), crude protein, cellulose, hemicellulose. Iignin and ether extract partitioned in the leaf and stower of sorghum grown in a saline soil (EC = 11.8 dSm -1). Twenty three sorghum cultivars comprising 10 female lines. 6 male lines and 7 forage lines were used. TNC was uniformly distributed in the leaf and stover portions. Significantly higher concentrations of cellulose and Iignin were partitioned to the stover portions than the leaf, but the leaf contained larger amounts of hemicellulose and ether extract than …

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Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Biology Of The Arabian Abalone Haliotis Mariae Wood, 1828, J. Stirn, K. A. Ai-Hashmi Apr 2025

Contributions To The Knowledge Of The Biology Of The Arabian Abalone Haliotis Mariae Wood, 1828, J. Stirn, K. A. Ai-Hashmi

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The Arabian abalone occur in the Arabian Sea’s rocky coastal zone in association with conspicuous macrolgal communities in which it represents the dominant herbivorous component. Despite such ecological importance and although the commercial exploitation of abalone presents a considerable contribution to Omani fisheries, almost nothing is known about the biology of this species. This report presents results of research carried out in the field and with laboratory cultures, and draws general conclusions related also to the fisheries management of these possibly overexploited abalone populations, Cobort observations in the field and measured increments of cultured specimens showed a growth rate significantly …

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Improvement Of Animal Production By Altering The Environment Of The Animal, D. V. Armstrong Apr 2025

Improvement Of Animal Production By Altering The Environment Of The Animal, D. V. Armstrong

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Hot weather causes heat stress in dairy cattle. The resultant decrease in milk production and reproductive efficiency ca be offset by implementation of a program consisting of cooling through shades, ventilation , evaporative coolers and spray and fans. Corral shade would be consistent to be essential to reduce stress. Feed line shade will improve dry matter intake and milk production. Holding pen cooling with spray and fans is cost effective, even in moderate climate. Shade cooling using evaporative or spray and fans is cost effective, if milk price is competitive to world price. The economic benefit should be determined before …

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Animal Breeding Considerations For Improved Animal Performance In Hot Environments, J. W. Fuquay Apr 2025

Animal Breeding Considerations For Improved Animal Performance In Hot Environments, J. W. Fuquay

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

A variety of options are available for improved performance including altering genotype with genetic improvement of indigenous breeds through selective breeding; upgrading through crossbreeding of indigenous females with semen from genetically superior exotic males with a possible goal of developing a new breed; and introduction of new breeds through transfer of embryos from genetically superior exotic breeds into indigenous females or importation of exotic animals of the desired breeding. Each option has its advantages and disadvantages. The most rapid gains mightbe possible new environment can be a problem. In the interest of adaptation and survival, systems that utilize the maternal …

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