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Spartan Daily, April 9, 2025, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Apr 2025

Spartan Daily, April 9, 2025, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2025

Volume 164, Issue 30

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Cell Type-Specific Multi-Omics Analysis Of Cocaine Use Disorder In The Human Caudate Nucleus, Lea Zillich, Annasara Artioli, Veronika Pohořalá, Eric Zillich, Laura Stertz, Hanna Belschner, Ammar Jabali, Josef Frank, Fabian Streit, Diana Avetyan, Maja P Völker, Svenja Müller, Anita C Hansson, Thomas D Meyer, Marcella Rietschel, Julia Ladewig, Rainer Spanagel, Ana M M Oliveira, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Rick E Bernardi, Philipp Koch, Stephanie H Witt Apr 2025

Cell Type-Specific Multi-Omics Analysis Of Cocaine Use Disorder In The Human Caudate Nucleus, Lea Zillich, Annasara Artioli, Veronika Pohořalá, Eric Zillich, Laura Stertz, Hanna Belschner, Ammar Jabali, Josef Frank, Fabian Streit, Diana Avetyan, Maja P Völker, Svenja Müller, Anita C Hansson, Thomas D Meyer, Marcella Rietschel, Julia Ladewig, Rainer Spanagel, Ana M M Oliveira, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Rick E Bernardi, Philipp Koch, Stephanie H Witt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Structural and functional alterations in the brain's reward circuitry are present in cocaine use disorder (CocUD), but their molecular underpinnings remain unclear. To investigate these mechanisms, we performed single-nuclei multiome profiling on postmortem caudate nucleus tissue from six individuals with CocUD and eight controls. We profiled 30,030 nuclei, identifying 13 cell types including D1- and D2-medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and glial cells. We observed 1485 differentially regulated genes and 10,342 differentially accessible peaks, with alterations in MSNs and astrocytes related to neurotransmitter activity and synapse organization. Gene regulatory network analysis identified transcription factors including ZEB1 as exhibiting distinct CocUD-specific subclusters, …

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An In Vivo Microscopy Dataset For The Characterization Of Leukocyte Death, Alain Pulfer, Diego Ulisse Pizzagalli, Miguel Palomino Segura, Nina Germic, Tommaso Virgilio, Mauro Di Pilato, Pau Carrillo Barbera, Elisa Palladino, Paola Antonello, Marcus Thelen, Hans-Uwe Simon, Rolf Krause, Santiago F Gonzalez Apr 2025

An In Vivo Microscopy Dataset For The Characterization Of Leukocyte Death, Alain Pulfer, Diego Ulisse Pizzagalli, Miguel Palomino Segura, Nina Germic, Tommaso Virgilio, Mauro Di Pilato, Pau Carrillo Barbera, Elisa Palladino, Paola Antonello, Marcus Thelen, Hans-Uwe Simon, Rolf Krause, Santiago F Gonzalez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Recent advancements in intravital microscopy have enabled the study of cell death in vivo under various experimental conditions, such as infection and cancer. However, the limited throughput of this technology, together with a lack of openly accessible datasets, affects the development of algorithms for the automatic detection and characterization of cell death, which in turn require the integration of extensive and curated datasets. To address these needs, we present a curated dataset of microscopy videos depicting the death of neutrophils, eosinophils, and dendritic cells, acquired in the spleen and in the lymph node of mice under inflammatory conditions. The dataset …

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Gramd1b Is A Regulator Of Lipid Homeostasis, Autophagic Flux And Phosphorylated Tau, Diana Acosta Ingram, Jacob Marsh, Celeste M Karch, Et Al. Apr 2025

Gramd1b Is A Regulator Of Lipid Homeostasis, Autophagic Flux And Phosphorylated Tau, Diana Acosta Ingram, Jacob Marsh, Celeste M Karch, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lipid dyshomeostasis and tau pathology are present in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between lipid dyshomeostasis and tau pathology remains unclear. We report that GRAM Domain Containing 1B (GRAMD1B), a nonvesicular cholesterol transporter, is increased in excitatory neurons of human neural organoids (HNOs) with the MAPT R406W mutation. Human FTLD, AD cases, and PS19 tau mice also have increased GRAMD1B expression. We show that overexpression of GRAMD1B increases levels of free cholesterol, lipid droplets, and impairs autophagy flux. Modulating GRAMD1B in iPSC-derived neurons also alters key autophagy-related components such as PI3K, phospho-AKT, and p62, …

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Law And Historical Materialism, Jeremy Kessler Apr 2025

Law And Historical Materialism, Jeremy Kessler

Duke Law Journal

Since the financial crisis of 2008, left-leaning legal thought has experienced a renaissance within the American academy. From law and political economy to critical race theory to feminist legal studies to Marxist legal theory, new perspectives have flourished, and marginalized traditions have been revived and revised. These new perspectives and revisionist projects all share an intellectual debt to the critical legal studies (“CLS”) movement of the late 1970s and 1980s. That movement’s critique was focused on functional accounts of law: accounts that understood legal change as primarily responsive to the demands of extralegal social and economic forces. Some of those …

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Eco-Genotoxicology: A Personal Reflection, Awadhesh N. Jha Apr 2025

Eco-Genotoxicology: A Personal Reflection, Awadhesh N. Jha

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

This reflective commentary provides a personal viewpoint of developments, over the last 3 decades, in the relatively new, multidisciplinary field of ‘eco-genotoxicology,’ also called ‘genetic ecotoxicology’. It aims to outline the scope of the subject area in relation to the historical development of the discipline, critically categorising accomplishments made, taking into account the available information. It also recognises limitations of the existing information and difficulties encountered in this challenging field. Where appropriate, the article makes comparisons to the advances made in human genetic toxicology and radiation biology. The article critically covers the applications of prevailing and emerging tools being used …

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An Unsupervised Map Of Excitatory Neuron Dendritic Morphology In The Mouse Visual Cortex, Marissa A Weis, Stelios Papadopoulos, Laura Hansel, Timo Lüddecke, Brendan Celii, Paul G Fahey, Eric Y Wang, J Alexander Bae, Agnes L Bodor, Derrick Brittain, Joann Buchanan, Daniel J Bumbarger, Manuel A Castro, Forrest Collman, Nuno Maçarico Da Costa, Sven Dorkenwald, Leila Elabbady, Akhilesh Halageri, Zhen Jia, Chris Jordan, Dan Kapner, Nico Kemnitz, Sam Kinn, Kisuk Lee, Kai Li, Ran Lu, Thomas Macrina, Gayathri Mahalingam, Eric Mitchell, Shanka Subhra Mondal, Shang Mu, Barak Nehoran, Sergiy Popovych, R Clay Reid, Casey M Schneider-Mizell, H Sebastian Seung, William Silversmith, Marc Takeno, Russel Torres, Nicholas L Turner, William Wong, Jingpeng Wu, Wenjing Yin, Szi-Chieh Yu, Jacob Reimer, Philipp Berens, Andreas S Tolias, Alexander S Ecker Apr 2025

An Unsupervised Map Of Excitatory Neuron Dendritic Morphology In The Mouse Visual Cortex, Marissa A Weis, Stelios Papadopoulos, Laura Hansel, Timo Lüddecke, Brendan Celii, Paul G Fahey, Eric Y Wang, J Alexander Bae, Agnes L Bodor, Derrick Brittain, Joann Buchanan, Daniel J Bumbarger, Manuel A Castro, Forrest Collman, Nuno Maçarico Da Costa, Sven Dorkenwald, Leila Elabbady, Akhilesh Halageri, Zhen Jia, Chris Jordan, Dan Kapner, Nico Kemnitz, Sam Kinn, Kisuk Lee, Kai Li, Ran Lu, Thomas Macrina, Gayathri Mahalingam, Eric Mitchell, Shanka Subhra Mondal, Shang Mu, Barak Nehoran, Sergiy Popovych, R Clay Reid, Casey M Schneider-Mizell, H Sebastian Seung, William Silversmith, Marc Takeno, Russel Torres, Nicholas L Turner, William Wong, Jingpeng Wu, Wenjing Yin, Szi-Chieh Yu, Jacob Reimer, Philipp Berens, Andreas S Tolias, Alexander S Ecker

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neurons in the neocortex exhibit astonishing morphological diversity, which is critical for properly wiring neural circuits and giving neurons their functional properties. However, the organizational principles underlying this morphological diversity remain an open question. Here, we took a data-driven approach using graph-based machine learning methods to obtain a low-dimensional morphological "bar code" describing more than 30,000 excitatory neurons in mouse visual areas V1, AL, and RL that were reconstructed from the millimeter scale MICrONS serial-section electron microscopy volume. Contrary to previous classifications into discrete morphological types (m-types), our data-driven approach suggests that the morphological landscape of cortical excitatory neurons is …

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Infant Colic Symptoms And Amino Acid Formula: Insights From A Prospective Cohort Study, Jerry M. Brown, Jessica V. Baran, Luke Lamos, Jesse Beacker, Jared Florio, Lea V. Oliveros, Abigail Fabbrini, Andrew Farrar, Michael Wilsey Apr 2025

Infant Colic Symptoms And Amino Acid Formula: Insights From A Prospective Cohort Study, Jerry M. Brown, Jessica V. Baran, Luke Lamos, Jesse Beacker, Jared Florio, Lea V. Oliveros, Abigail Fabbrini, Andrew Farrar, Michael Wilsey

Student Publications

Background/Objectives: Infant functional disorders, including colic, irritability, and sleep disturbances, often overlap with symptoms of cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA). While extensively hydrolyzed formulas are commonly used to address these issues, the short-term efficacy of amino acid formulas (AAF) for managing colic remains understudied. This secondary analysis of a previously published prospective cohort, the largest of its kind in the United States, evaluated the short-term impact of AAF in improving colic and associated symptoms in infants under six months of age with suspected CMPA. Methods: This real-world prospective cohort study analyzed data from 138 infants with suspected CMPA initiated on …

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Activation Of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Localized Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (Mglu5) Triggers Calcium Release Distinct From Cell Surface Counterparts In Striatal Neurons, Yuh-Jiin I Jong, Steven K Harmon, Karen L O'Malley Apr 2025

Activation Of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Localized Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (Mglu5) Triggers Calcium Release Distinct From Cell Surface Counterparts In Striatal Neurons, Yuh-Jiin I Jong, Steven K Harmon, Karen L O'Malley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu

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The Medial Olivocochlear Efferent Pathway Potentiates Cochlear Amplification In Response To Hearing Loss, Patricia M Quiñones, Michelle Pei, Hemant Srivastava, Ariadna Cobo-Cuan, Marcela A Morán, Bong Jik Kim, Clayton B Walker, Michael J Serafino, Frank Macias-Escriva, Juemei Wang, James B Dewey, Brian E Applegate, Matthew J Mcginley, John S Oghalai Apr 2025

The Medial Olivocochlear Efferent Pathway Potentiates Cochlear Amplification In Response To Hearing Loss, Patricia M Quiñones, Michelle Pei, Hemant Srivastava, Ariadna Cobo-Cuan, Marcela A Morán, Bong Jik Kim, Clayton B Walker, Michael J Serafino, Frank Macias-Escriva, Juemei Wang, James B Dewey, Brian E Applegate, Matthew J Mcginley, John S Oghalai

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The mammalian cochlea receives efferent feedback from the brain. Many functions for this feedback have been hypothesized, including on short timescales, such as mediating attentional states, and long timescales, such as buffering acoustic trauma. Testing these hypotheses has been impeded by an inability to make direct measurements of efferent effects in awake animals. Here, we assessed the role of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent nerve fibers on cochlear amplification by measuring organ of Corti vibratory responses to sound in both sexes of awake and anesthetized mice. We studied long-term effects by genetically ablating the efferents and/or afferents. Cochlear amplification increased …

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Wind Turbine Zone Control For Mitigating The Mortality Of Volant Animals, Nextera Energy Apr 2025

Wind Turbine Zone Control For Mitigating The Mortality Of Volant Animals, Nextera Energy

Defensive Publications Series

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a wind turbine control system that uses dynamic control zones and varying operational rules and parameters to mitigate mortality of volant animals (e.g., bats and birds).

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Tracking Stray Camels Crossing The Roads To Prevent Vehicle Accidents In Oman, Murshid Abdullah Al Alawi, Shaik Mazhar Hussain Shaik, Shaik Mazhar Hussain Apr 2025

Tracking Stray Camels Crossing The Roads To Prevent Vehicle Accidents In Oman, Murshid Abdullah Al Alawi, Shaik Mazhar Hussain Shaik, Shaik Mazhar Hussain

The Journal of Engineering Research

The work presented in this paper addresses the problem of vehicle accidents due to stray camels crossing the roads by notifying the drivers about camels’ existence and location. Subsequently, the drivers can take precautionary measures to prevent collisions with camels. This is achieved by developing a system consisting of two parts. The first part is a bracelet tied to the camel's neck, and the second is the mobile application installed on the driver's mobile device. Hence, this proposed work aims to prevent road accidents in Oman due to stray camels moving freely on the roads and achieving safer travel during …

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Bioseq: A Molecular Intelligence Platform Based On Organism-On-Chip Technology For Bridging Data Gaps Between C. Elegans And Humans, Hunter Edwards, Adnan Qureshi, Mizanur Rahman, Tyler Chiriboga, Amar Chittiboyina, Ikhlas Khan, Siva Vanapalli Apr 2025

Bioseq: A Molecular Intelligence Platform Based On Organism-On-Chip Technology For Bridging Data Gaps Between C. Elegans And Humans, Hunter Edwards, Adnan Qureshi, Mizanur Rahman, Tyler Chiriboga, Amar Chittiboyina, Ikhlas Khan, Siva Vanapalli

Oxford ICSB

The FDA Modernization Act 2.0, emphasizes the urgent need for New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) to replace conventional animal testing in safety and efficacy assessments. NemaLife’s organism-on-chip platform, utilizing C. elegans, microfluidics and visual AI, provides a high throughput platform for in vivo screening. To enhance human relevance and reduce the inter-species gap between C. elegans and human, we developed BioSeq, a novel discovery workflow, based on high-throughput transcriptomics. Leveraging the 60-80% homology between C. elegans and human genomes, BioSeq translates worm gene expression data to human orthologs. This enables: (i) identification of differentially expressed human-relevant genes triggered by bioactive ingredients …

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Impact Of Selected Adsorbent Functional Groups On Chromium Sorption Capacities In An Effluent Treatment: A Dft Study, Toyese Oyegoke, Aliyu Adnan Apr 2025

Impact Of Selected Adsorbent Functional Groups On Chromium Sorption Capacities In An Effluent Treatment: A Dft Study, Toyese Oyegoke, Aliyu Adnan

The Journal of Engineering Research

Communities are often exposed to high health risks via the presence of most heavy metals in water bodies used by their residents. Chromium, an abundant heavy metal in industrial effluents, contaminates our environment and water sources, endangering human and animal consumption. Designing materials for Cr removal from potential effluent discharges is crucial. Bio-based sorbents have been explored, but the role of functional groups remains unclear. This research investigates the influence of functional groups in removing dissolved chromium heavy metals to enhance water quality. In this study, we look at how well functional groups like carboxylate, carbonyl, nitrile, aldehyde, alcohol, and …

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Enhanced Biogas Production From Rice Husks And Okra Stalks By Co-Digestion With Ostrich Dung And Cow Manure, Huda Jassim, Amal Khalil Apr 2025

Enhanced Biogas Production From Rice Husks And Okra Stalks By Co-Digestion With Ostrich Dung And Cow Manure, Huda Jassim, Amal Khalil

The Journal of Engineering Research

In this study, two sides were studied. First one included single and combined pretreatment which were performed to treat milled rice husks compared to increase the production of biogas untreated rice husks. The other side included investigate the effect of two types of mixing: mixing rice husks and okra stalks using three mixing ratios inoculated with ostrich dung compared to rice husks and okra stalks inoculated with ostrich dung separately and mixing ostrich dung and cow manure using three mixing ratios with rice husks compared to using rice husks inoculated with ostrich dung and cow manure separately. The ten reactors, …

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Chemical Risk Assessment And Prevention Action Plan Related To Petroleum Production. Case Study Of Laboratory And Storage Units In An Algerian Oil And Gas Company, Samia Chettouh, Saleh Arif Apr 2025

Chemical Risk Assessment And Prevention Action Plan Related To Petroleum Production. Case Study Of Laboratory And Storage Units In An Algerian Oil And Gas Company, Samia Chettouh, Saleh Arif

The Journal of Engineering Research

Chemical risk is considered one of the most frequent risks in the workplace, affecting the safety of workers continuously exposed to chemical substances. In addition, it can have an environmental impact and cause an explosion when unacceptable conditions are met. To know the effects of chemical risks and how to prevent them, this study is proposed, the main objective of which is the evaluation of chemical hazards and the proposal of an action plan to avoid this kind of risk in industrial companies. Our case study focused on the crude oil production company " PERTAMINA" using the SEIRICH software. The …

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Spatial And Statistical Analysis Of Environmental Noise Levels In The Main Campus Of The University Of Lagos, Alfred Alademomi, Chukwuma Okolie, Babatunde Ojegbile, Olagoke Daramola, Johanson Onyegbula, Rahmat Adepo, Wemimo Ademeno Apr 2025

Spatial And Statistical Analysis Of Environmental Noise Levels In The Main Campus Of The University Of Lagos, Alfred Alademomi, Chukwuma Okolie, Babatunde Ojegbile, Olagoke Daramola, Johanson Onyegbula, Rahmat Adepo, Wemimo Ademeno

The Journal of Engineering Research

The increasing student population, developmental, and commercial activities within the University of Lagos main campus have led to an increase in daily noise levels. These increasing noise disturbances have disrupted the serenity and tranquillity of the campus environment. In this study, the noise levels are assessed at thirty–four selected monitoring stations within the University of Lagos main campus. The assessment was done to determine the compliance of the University to international standards set by World Health Organisation for tolerable noise levels in different environmental types (or land use classes). Over a period of three days, the minimum, maximum and average …

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Applicability Of Using Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology For Wastewater Reclamation In The Gaza Strip, Mazen Abuatayef, Abedelmajeed Kahail, Hassan Al-Najjar, Thaer Abushbak Apr 2025

Applicability Of Using Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology For Wastewater Reclamation In The Gaza Strip, Mazen Abuatayef, Abedelmajeed Kahail, Hassan Al-Najjar, Thaer Abushbak

The Journal of Engineering Research

No abstract provided.

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Virtual Casting: State Of The Art In Metal Casting Simulation Tools, Muhammad A.A. Khan, Anwar K. Sheikh Apr 2025

Virtual Casting: State Of The Art In Metal Casting Simulation Tools, Muhammad A.A. Khan, Anwar K. Sheikh

The Journal of Engineering Research

The demands on the productivity and robustness of metal casting processes for high quality components are continuously increasing. Moreover, the financial considerations necessitate meticulous and reliable planning of the entire casting process before it is actually put into practice. A holistic approach to perform cradle to grave analysis of cast products is simulation-based metal casting. This method allows engineers to model, verify, and validate the process followed by its optimization and performance prediction in virtual reality. This paper provides insights on state of the art in simulation-based metal casting with reference to some case studies. Casting simulations software, mathematical models …

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Constructing A Multi-Microgrid With The Inclusion Of Renewable Energy In Oman's Rural Power System, Nasser Hosseinzadeh, A. Al Shereiqi, M. Albadi, Amer Al-Hinai Apr 2025

Constructing A Multi-Microgrid With The Inclusion Of Renewable Energy In Oman's Rural Power System, Nasser Hosseinzadeh, A. Al Shereiqi, M. Albadi, Amer Al-Hinai

The Journal of Engineering Research

This paper investigates the possibility of constructing multi-microgrids by interlinking the rural area systems in the Al Wusta governorate of the Sultanate of Oman, which are currently being supplied by diesel generators. It is proposed to enhance the rural system under study by switching off small diesel stations and replacing them with wind turbines. The microgrids formed in this way are then interlinked together to create multi-microgrids. The paper studies the interlinked multi-microgrids under different scenarios; in terms of voltage profiles and power flow using the ETAP software package. This study contributes to the feasibility study of retiring some diesel …

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Design Of Biomechanical Legs With A Passive Toe Joint For Enhanced Human-Like Walking, Riadh Zaier, A. Al-Yahmedi Apr 2025

Design Of Biomechanical Legs With A Passive Toe Joint For Enhanced Human-Like Walking, Riadh Zaier, A. Al-Yahmedi

The Journal of Engineering Research

This paper presents the design procedure of a biomechanical leg, with a passive toe joint, which is capable of mimicking the human walking. This leg has to provide the major features of human gait in the motion trajectories of the hip, knee, ankle, and toe joints. Focus was given to the approach of designing the passive toe joint of the biomechanical leg in its role and effectiveness in performing human like motion. This study was inspired by experimental and theoretical studies in the fields of biomechanics and robotics. Very light materials were mainly used in the design process. Aluminum and …

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Development Of A System Model For Determining Optimal Personnel Interaction Strategy In A Production Industry, B. Kareem, A. Adekiigbe Apr 2025

Development Of A System Model For Determining Optimal Personnel Interaction Strategy In A Production Industry, B. Kareem, A. Adekiigbe

The Journal of Engineering Research

Manufacturing organizations have become more complex in recent time as a result of technological advances. Communication among production workers operating in an environment marked by increased organizational complexity may require planning for the economically appropriate selection of network channels/media with enhanced productivity. This paper examines traditional and modern communication channels (media) and their comparative advantages over one another in their adoption in manufacturing organizations. In this framework, six media (human messengers, mobile-phones, intranet, fixed-internet, mobile-internet, and private branch exchange [PBX] phone systems) were subjected to analyses using five identified network patterns (all-channel, chain, Y, wheel, and circle) of interactions in …

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A Comparative Study On Energy Derived From Biomass, A.M. Algarny, I.M. Al-Naimi, M.A.M Alhefnawy Apr 2025

A Comparative Study On Energy Derived From Biomass, A.M. Algarny, I.M. Al-Naimi, M.A.M Alhefnawy

The Journal of Engineering Research

The paper promotes sustainable community through empowering the production and utilization of biomass renewable energy. The aim of this paper is to urge societies to adopt sustainable energy practices and resources; the objective is to appraise the possibilities of biomass energy produced through a neighborhood in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. The system incorporates an evaluation of the measure of biomass created, then utilizes two ascertaining techniques to gauge whether the measure of energy can be delivered. The computation strategies are hypothetical, with one drawn from past works and the other from a Biomass Calculation Template performed as part of the …

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Experimental Investigation Of Biogas Production From Kitchen Waste Mixed With Chicken Manure, H. Mousa, A. Obaidat, H.B. Khaled, A. Alawaneh, A. Tarawneh Apr 2025

Experimental Investigation Of Biogas Production From Kitchen Waste Mixed With Chicken Manure, H. Mousa, A. Obaidat, H.B. Khaled, A. Alawaneh, A. Tarawneh

The Journal of Engineering Research

ogas produced from solid kitchen waste (KW) mixed with chicken manure (M) at different mass ratios was investigated. The effect of the ratio of the amount of water to the mixed solid waste on the amount of biogas produced was studied. The results showed that at a fixed ratio of water-to-solid waste, the amount of biogas increased as the amount of chicken M increased. At a fixed M-to-KW ratio, the amount of biogas produced increased as the solid content increased and then decreased, reaching its maximum value at a solid waste-to-water ratio of 1:1. The pH of the bioreactor containing …

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A Comparison Of Trends In Extreme Rainfall Using 20-Year Data In Three Major Cities In Oman, L.N. Gunawardhan, G.A. Al-Rawas Apr 2025

A Comparison Of Trends In Extreme Rainfall Using 20-Year Data In Three Major Cities In Oman, L.N. Gunawardhan, G.A. Al-Rawas

The Journal of Engineering Research

Many regions in the world have recently experienced more frequent and intensive disasters such as flash floods and persistent droughts. The Sultanate of Oman is no exception to this. We analyzed twodecade long daily precipitation records in three major cities, namely, Sohar, Muscat and Salalah, mainly focusing on extremes. A set of climate indices defined in the RClimDex software package was used. Moreover, annual maximum 1-day precipitations in three study areas were analyzed using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution function. Results showed significant changes in the precipitation regime in recent years. The annual total precipitation in Sohar and Salalah …

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Production Of Paperboard Briquette Using Waste Paper And Sawdust, J.K. Odusote, S.A. Onowuma, E.A. Fodeke Apr 2025

Production Of Paperboard Briquette Using Waste Paper And Sawdust, J.K. Odusote, S.A. Onowuma, E.A. Fodeke

The Journal of Engineering Research

Nigeria has abundant supplies of biomass resources and agro-forestry residues (waste), including sawdust, whose potentials are yet to be fully utilized for economic advantage. This study was undertaken to investigate the properties of paperboard briquettes produced from a mixture of shredded waste paper (pulp) and sawdust using starch as binder. The paperboard briquettes were produced manually by compressing soaked mixtures of pulp and sawdust in a wooden mould (28 cm x 28 cm x 1 cm) with a compressive load of 26 kg in the mixing ratios (by weight) 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 70:30, and 0:100 of pulp to sawdust, respectively. …

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Arginine-Amino Acid Interactions And Implications To Protein Solubility And Aggregation, A. R. Shaikh, D. Shah Apr 2025

Arginine-Amino Acid Interactions And Implications To Protein Solubility And Aggregation, A. R. Shaikh, D. Shah

The Journal of Engineering Research

Arginine, useful in protein refolding, solubilization of proteins, and suppression of protein aggregation and non-specific adsorption during formulation and purification, is a ubiquitous additive in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. In order to provide a framework for analyzing the molecular level mechanisms behind arginine/protein interactions in the above context, density functional theory was used to systematically examine how arginine interacts with naturally occurring amino acids. The results show that the most favorable interaction of arginine is with acidic amino acids and arises from charge interactions and hydrogen-bond interactions. Arginine is also shown to form stacking and T-shaped structures with aromatic …

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Mobility Assisted Sensor Node Self-Deployment For Maximizing The Coverage Of Wireless Sensor Networks Using A Genetic Algorithm, Vv Juli, J Raja Apr 2025

Mobility Assisted Sensor Node Self-Deployment For Maximizing The Coverage Of Wireless Sensor Networks Using A Genetic Algorithm, Vv Juli, J Raja

The Journal of Engineering Research

Wireless sensor networks extend the capability to monitor and control far-flung environments. However, sensor nodes must be deployed appropriately to reach an adequate coverage level for the successful acquisition of data. Modern sensing devices are able to move from one place to another for different purposes and constitute the mobile sensor network. This mobile sensor capability could be used to enhance the coverage of the sensor network. Since mobile sensor nodes have limited capabilities and power constraints, the algorithms which drive the sensors to optimal locations should extend the coverage. It should also reduce the power needed to move the …

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Optimizing Maintenance Planning In The Production Industry Using The Markovian Approach, B Kareem, Ha Owolabi Apr 2025

Optimizing Maintenance Planning In The Production Industry Using The Markovian Approach, B Kareem, Ha Owolabi

The Journal of Engineering Research

Maintenance is an essential activity in every manufacturing establishment, as manufacturing effectiveness counts on the functionality of production equipment and machinery in terms of their productivity and operational life. Maintenance cost minimization can be achieved by adopting an appropriate maintenance planning policy. This paper applies the Markovian approach to maintenance planning decision, thereby generating optimal maintenance policy from the identified alternatives over a specified period of time. Markov chains, transition matrices, decision processes, and dynamic programming models were formulated for the decision problem related to maintenance operations of a cable production company. Preventive and corrective maintenance data based on workloads …

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Fog And Rain Water Collection From Trees In The Dhofar Region In The Sultanate Of Oman, S. A. Abdul-Wahab, H. Al-Hinai, K. A. Al-Najar, M. S. Al-Kalbani Apr 2025

Fog And Rain Water Collection From Trees In The Dhofar Region In The Sultanate Of Oman, S. A. Abdul-Wahab, H. Al-Hinai, K. A. Al-Najar, M. S. Al-Kalbani

The Journal of Engineering Research

This work had two purposes. The first was to measure and investigate the amount of fog and rain water collected by a sample of trees during the summer monsoon season in the mountains of the Dhofar region in the south of Oman. The second purpose was to assess the potential of trees with different leaf shapes, sizes and cross sectional canopy areas to collect fog and rain water in the area. In order to meet these purposes three different tree species, were selected for experimental investigation and field measurements. They included fig, lemon, and tamarind trees. The experiments were designed …

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