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Probiotic Use In The Management Of Hypertension A New Era Of Therapeutic Management, Swapnil Purushottam Borse, Devendra Pratap Singh, Dilawar Upadhyay, Vipin Sharma, Manish A. Nivsarkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hypertension (HTN) has become a common chronic medical condition which affects ≥20% of adult population worldwide. HTN is assumed to be a major contributing factor for increasing complication of metabolic syndrome by adding one or more comorbidities such as heart disease, stroke, chronic renal failure, myocardial infarction, blindness, and dementia. HTN is also considered as a lifestyle disorder, and there are mainly two types of HTN, namely primary and secondary. Primary HTN is about 90%–95% of all cases of HTN and it is defined as high blood pressure due to genetic factors and nonspecific lifestyle, while secondary HTN is due …

Rare Case Of Diabetes Mellitus, Sensorineural Hearing Loss, And Refractory Megaloblastic Anemia Slc19a2 Mutation, Tanmaya Metgud, Sujata Jali, Mahesh Kamate, Abhilasha Sampagar, Nishant Mittal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Reporting a rare and treatable case of thiamine responsive Megaloblastic Anemia with Sensori-neural Hearing Loss with Diabetes Mellitus in a 6 year old child due to SLC19A2 mutation. Simple thiamine treatment is cost effective and can reverse this disorder except hearing loss.

Necessity To Invest In Research And Development Activities To Combat The Threat Of Antimicrobial Resistance World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava, Jegadeesh Ramasamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Vitamin B12 Insufficiency In Excess Folic Acid Downregulates Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene And Increases Homocysteine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, And Oxidative Stress In Hepatocytes, Tejas Shah, Kalpana Joshi, Sanjay Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Folate and Vitamin B12 (B12) are crucial for normal growth, development, and cellular functions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of required and excess folic acid (FA) concentration and imbalance of FA and B12 caused due to folate fortification on hepatocytes health and function

in vitro

.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells were cultured in FA and B12 deficient media for 15 days and further were supplemented with required FA: (6 μM) and excess FA: (60 μM) individually and in combination with B12: (500 nM). We assessed HepG2 proliferation, viability, tumor necrosis …

Review Of Selected Herbal Phytoconstituents For Potential Melanoma Treatment, Bhaskar Kallappa Kurangi, Sunil Satyappa Jalalpure

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with a high mortality rate. The current chemotherapies have a relatively low success rate due to the development of multidrug resistance and side effects. Hence, there is need of discovering new compounds that are safe and more effective against melanoma to improve the efficiency and to lower the treatment cost for cancer care. Melanoma chemoprevention with natural herbal phytoconstituents is an emerging strategy to prevent, cure, or treat melanoma. This review summarizes the latest research in melanoma chemoprevention and treatment using the herbal phytoconstituents. Relevant mechanisms involved in the pharmacological …

Design, Formulation, And Evaluation Of, Fatima Sanjeri Dasankoppa, Pooja Solankiy, Hasanpasha N. Sholapur, Vilas G. Jamakandi, Vinuta M. Sajjanar, Pooja M. Walveka

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The significant problem in the ocular drug delivery is the attainment of optimal drug concentration at the site of action. Development of therapeutic agents that require repeated long-term administration is a driver for the sustained release drug delivery systems, to result in less frequent dosing, and less invasive techniques. Therefore, to overcome the anatomical barriers and ocular bioavailability constrains, a novel drug delivery system

in situ

gels have been developed.

Materials and Methods:

The

in situ

gelling system comprises gellan gum, an anionic polymer responsible for the ionic gelation. Methylcellulose a nonionic polymer contributes for the viscosity and gels …

Formulation And Characterization Of Oxiconazole-Loaded Emulgel For Topical Application, A. P. Gadad, Amol Prakash Magdum, P. M. Dandagi, U. B. Bolmal, Shriraj Kamat

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Oxiconazole nitrate is a new topical broad spectrum antifungal agent used to treat superficial fungal infections. It has a low aqueous solubility due to which different techniques are employed to enhance its bioavailability. Emulgel has emerged as one of the most interesting topical drug delivery system for hydrophobic drugs like Oxiconazole as it has dual release control systems i.e. emulsion and gel.

Objective:

In the present work an attempt was made to prepare Emulgel of Oxiconazole nitrate for enhancing its topical delivery.

Materials and Methods:

Emulgel formulations were characterized by various parameters like pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability,

in vitro …

Effect Of, Aryaa A. Ankalikar, A. H. M. Viswanathswamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Phytochemical investigations of hydroalcoholic extracts of

Vitex trifolia

Linn and

Solanum nigrum

Linn suggest the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids and have been traditionally claimed to be useful in the treatment of inflammation, fever, edema, and tuberculosis.

Aim:

In the present study, hydroalcoholic extract of the plants was evaluated for its free radical scavenging capacity against hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide radicals, and it's

in vitro

anti-inflammatory potential.

Materials and Methods:

Hydroalcoholic extracts of

V. trifolia

L. and

S. nigrum

L. were studied at different concentrations for their scavenging ability against free radicals and their ability to …

Formulation And Evaluation Of Gastroretentive-Floating Multiparticulate System Of Lisinopril, Manasa Moganti, H. N. Shivakumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aim and Objective:

The main objective of this research was to formulate and evaluate gastroretentive-floating multiparticulate system of lisinopril to prolong the gastric residence time.

Materials and Methods:

Gastroretentive system of lisinopril was developed by ionotropic-gelation technique using isabgol (

Plantago ovata

F.) husk mucilage (IHM) as a floating agent, sodium alginate as a mucoadhesive polymer, and sodium bicarbonate as a gas-generating agent.

Results:

The beads were evaluated for entrapment efficiency (EE),

in vitro

drug release, and

ex vivo

mucoadhesion. The beads of batch F-2 exhibited high-EE (96.04 ± 0.74%), complete drug release (95.27 ± 0.12%), and good mucoadhesion (50% …

Assessment Of Plasma Homocysteine As A Marker Of Acute Renal Injury In Patients Undergoing Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy For Renal Stone Disease - 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study, Shruti G. Raikar, Siddalingeshwar I. Neeli, Veerendra M. Uppin, Shashi M. Uppin

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) commonly used procedure for treating upper urinary tract stones may result in acute kidney injury (AKI) with release of biomarkers. Association of plasma total homocysteine (tHCy), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and serum creatinine with renal dysfunction and their role as acute renal injury markers is to be assessed.

Aim:

The study aims to assess plasma tHCy as a marker of AKI in patients undergoing ESWL for renal stone disease and compare the same with other markers, i.e., serum creatinine and serum hs-CRP.

Setting and Design:

One-year cross-sectional study at a tertiary care teaching …

Assessment Of Antidiabetic Potential Of, Thakur Rakesh Singh, Laxmi Narayan Gupta, Neeraj Kumar, Vikas Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objectives:

To assess the antidiabetic potential of

Shilajatvadi Lauha

(SL) processed with

Daruharidra

(modified SL [MSL]) in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA)-induced diabetic rats.

Materials and Methods:

Animals were divided into diabetic and nondiabetic groups. Type 2 diabetes in rats was induced with a single dose of STZ (65 mg/kg) NA (110 mg/kg) intraperitoneal diabetic rats were treated with formulation MSL (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (10 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days orally. After 14 days treatment, fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin were assayed. Different biochemical parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density …

Iodine Nutrition Of School Children Residing In Area Of Local Noniodized Salt Production, Kenechukwu C. Onyekwelu, Ikechukwu E. Ezeagu, Sylverter O. Igbedioh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In 1993, Nigeria enacted a law making it mandatory for all salt both for human and animal consumption to be fortified with iodine in a bid to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). IDD is a silent threat to the growth and development of the child and also to national development. The aim of this study was to assess the status of iodine nutrition in schoolchildren in areas known for the production of local uniodized salt.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was performed in two Local Government Areas of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured in …

Cardioprotective Effect Of, M. Santosh Kumar, Viswanatha Swamy Mallinathaiah Agadi Hiremath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of

Acorus calamus

(AC) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced myocardial toxicity.

Materials and Methods:

Albino Wistar rats were used in this study. DOX was administered intraperitoneally in six equal injections (each containing 2.5 mg/kg DOX at 48 h interval) to a total cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg over 2 weeks to produce cardiotoxicity. Control and treated group animals were used for the estimation of lipid and cardiac biomarkers. Animals were sacrificed and heart tissue was used for the assay of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and …

Effect Of Etidronate On Depression Paradigms In Male Swiss Albino Mice And Wistar Rats An Experimental Study, N. Amitha, S. S. Torgal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

Bisphosphonates represent the first choice in the treatment of osteoporosis, and no data are available concerning their effects on comorbid behavior alterations. There are some contradictory reports regarding these drugs with respect to antidepressant activity in humans. Hence, the present study was planned to investigate the effects of etidronate in male Wistar rats and Swiss albino mice using depression paradigms, namely, forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST).

Materials and Methods:

Eighteen male Wistar rats and 18 male Swiss albino mice were brought and acclimatized 10 days prior to experimentation. Then, they were randomized into three groups: …

Cytokinesis-Blocked Micronucleus Assay As A Biomarker For Risk Of Lung Cancer, Keerthana Ganesh, G. Tamizh Selvan, Surabi Ganga, Solomon F. D. Paul, Anita Ramesh, J. Vijayalakshmi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Lung cancer is the second most leading cause of cancer mortality throughout the world. It is an imperative requirement to find reliable markers which can be used effectively to assess the initial analysis and predict the risk of lung cancer. The cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay is one of the well-developed methods to measure the proficiency of genomic instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes of individuals with different types of cancer. In our present study, we used the CBMN assay to investigate chromosomal aberrations in lung cancer patients.

Materials and Methods:

Peripheral blood was collected from lung cancer patients (

n …

Evaluation Of Anticonvulsant Activity Of Polyherbal Formulation Based On Ayurvedic Formulation, Arka Ghosh, Ashish Mishra, Ankit Seth, Santosh Kumar Maurya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The aim of the present study was to develop a polyherbal formulation for epilepsy. Present polyherbal formulation (PHF) (containing

Operculina turpethum

(L.) Silva Manso,

Mimosa pudica

L.,

Uraria picta

(Jacq.) DC.,

Cajanus cajan

(L.) Millsp, and

Lawsonia inermis

L.) is based on an ayurvedic formulation "

Brihad Panchagavya Ghrita

" indicated for epilepsy.

Materials and Methods:

To establish the scientific basis of mechanism, we examined the effects of methanolic extract of PHF (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) on maximal electric shock (MES), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), and isoniazid (INH)-induced convulsions as well as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-glutamate level in the brain …

Role Of, Bhrigu Kumar Das, Basavaraj C. Koti, Pramod C. Gadad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

This study aims to evaluate the role of

Lycopersicon

esculentum

in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced and phenobarbital (PB)-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:

The hepatocarcinogenesis was induced in male Wistar albino rats by DEN (single injection, 200 mg/kg, i.p

.

); 2 weeks later, 0.05% w/v of PB was administered through drinking water for 16 weeks. The treatment group rats received a similar dosage as above along with enzymatic extract of

L.

esculentum

(250 mg/kg body weight p.o.) at 3

rd

week onward. The carcinogenesis was evaluated by estimating biochemical markers such as alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase …

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of, Inemesit Okon Ben, Okon Effiom Etim, Nsikan Malachy Udo

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Methanolic extract of

Napoleona imperialis

, was evaluated for anti-inflammatory effect.

Method:

Inflammogens used were carrageenan, histamine and formaldehyde.

Napoleona imperialis

(200-600mg/kg) was administered orally 30 minutes before the induction of inflammation. Diclofenac (10-100mg/kg) and chlorpheniramine (10-100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally.

Results:

Extract and Diclofenac significantly (F

4, 12

=15.55,

P

<0.01; F

4, 12

=13.76

P

<0.01, respectively) inhibited inflammation induced with carrageenan, with extract's maximal inhibitory effect of 64% at dose 400 mg/kg. Diclofenac showed maximal inhibitory effect of 67% at dose 30 mg/kg. Extract and chlorpheniramine significantly (F

4, 12

=22.14,

P

<0.01; F

4, 12

=16.81,

P

<0.001, respectively) reduced histamine-induced edema with extract having maximal inhibitory effect of 73% at 200 mg/kg. Chlorpheniramine also had maximal inhibitory effect of 70% at 10 mg/kg. Extract and diclofenac significantly (F

3, 16

=11.06

P

<0.001; F

3, 16

=22.4

P

<0.0001, respectively) reduced acute phase of the formaldehyde-induced arthritis. Extract produced maximal effect of 67% at 200 and 400 mg/kg. Diclofenac had a maximal effect of 85% at 100 mg/kg. The chronic phase was ameliorated by extract and diclofenac significantly (F

3, 16

=11.18

P

<0.001; F

3, 16

=18.07

P

<0.0001, respectively). Extract and diclofenac also significantly (F

3, 24

=19.38

P

<0.0001; F

3, 24

=59.89

P

<0.0001, respectively) minimized progression of inflammation from acute to chronic phase. Extract produced a maximal effect of 83% at 400 mg/kg at chronic phase. Diclofenac also had maximal effect of 98% at 30 and 100 mg/kg. Extract and diclofenac, significantly (F

4, 12

=5.09

P

<0.05; F

4, 12

=31.98

P

<0.001, respectively) reduced arthritic score.

Conclusion:

This study shows …

Effect Of Β-Asarone On Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Rats, Sebashree R. Roy, Pramod C. Gadad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aim:

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of β-asarone on diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced and phenobarbital-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Materials and Methods:

The experiments were carried out with two models, i.e., tumor initiation and promotion model. The effect of β-asarone was evaluated by the estimation of food and water consumption, body and liver weights, liver function indicators such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, cancer indicators such as alpha-fetoprotein, DNA, RNA, and total liver protein content, and histopathological studies.

Results:

The results showed that the levels of liver function indicators were brought down …

Design, Formulation And Evaluation Of Carboxy Methyl Tamarind Based, Fatima S. Dasankoppa, Seema Kujur, Hasan Pasha Nazeer Ahmed Sholapur, Vilas G. Jamakandi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

A major problem in ocular therapeutics is the attainment of optimum drug concentration at the site of action, which is compromised mainly due to precorneal loss resulting in only a small fraction of the drugs being absorbed. The effective dose administered may be altered by increasing the retention time of medication into the eye by using in situ gel forming polymeric systems.

Materials and Methods:

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to design, formulate, and evaluate in situ gelling-based ophthalmic drug delivery system dorzolamide hydrochloride to enhance the precorneal retention and to improve the ocular bioavailability. …

Formulation And Evaluation Of Liposomal Transdermal Patch For Targeted Drug Delivery Of Tamoxifen Citrate For Breast Cancer, Anjana Ashok Adhyapak, Babasaheb Gangadhar Desai

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In the present investigation, tamoxifen-loaded liposomes transdermal patch was formulated using eudragit-RL, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K-50, and ethyl cellulose.

Materials and Methods:

Liposomes were formulated by solvent evaporation method using poly (sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) in varying ratios and evaluated for particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. Formulated tamoxifen-loaded liposomes were finally incorporated into transdermal patch and evaluated for thickness drug content, moisture content, moisture uptake, folding endurance, tensile strength diffusion coefficient, permeability coefficient, in vitro permeation, and skin irritation. Optimized transdermal patches were tested for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters …

Fundamental Tenets Of Epidemiology In Ayurveda And Their Contemporary Relevance, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Ayurveda, the science of life, is the most ancient medical doctrine of human civilization. Some of the basic principles described in Ayurveda are still the same as today's medical science. Ayurveda does not have a specific text as epidemiology, but the principles described in piecemeal can be compiled, analyzed, and interpreted in the light of modern theories of epidemiology.

Objective:

An initial systematic literature review by the help of internet-based search engines revealed very negligible work in the field of Ayurveda and epidemiology. Hence, an attempt was made to analyze various principles of Ayurveda relevant to epidemiology and interpret …

Rational Antibiotic Therapy, N. S. Mahantshetti

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Role Of Once-Daily Tadalafil In Men With Concomitant Erectile Dysfunction And Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia A Prospective Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study, Sunder Goyal, Snigdha Goyal, Isha Saini

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Majority of men over age 50 are sexually active and sex is an important part of overall quality of life. Both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms-BPH (BPH-LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are often found in this age group simultaneously. Pathophysiological mechanisms for both these diseases are almost common. All males presenting with LUTS should be assessed for sexual dysfunction and viceversa. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of once-daily tadalafil on erectile function in men with ED and benign prostatic hypertrophy with LUTS. One drug for treatment of both diseases and …

Cardioprotective Effect Of Gallic Acid Against Doxorubicin-Induced Myocardial Toxicity In Albino Rats, J. M. Kulkarni, A. H. M. Viswanatha Swamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

The present study was designed to investigate the protective and potential effect of gallic acid against doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiotoxicity.

Materials and Methods:

Adult Wistar albino rats of either sex weighing 150-200 g were used in this study. DOX administered intraperitoneally in six equal injections (each containing 2.5 mg/kg at 48 h intervals) to total cumulative doses of 15 mg/kg over a period of 2 weeks to induce cardiotoxicity. The estimation of cardiac and lipid biomarkers of both control and treated animals were observed.

In vivo

antioxidant parameters such as glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde were also monitored. …

Exercise And Neuro-Cognitive Functions In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus A Review, Harpreet Kour, V. A. Kothivale, Shivaprasad S. Goudar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The current review integrates findings of published data which provides a comprehensive summary of the neuropsychological assessments conducted and have assessed the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for cognitive function. There is a convincing evidence of increased prevalence of T2DM in inactive individuals and cognitive deficits due to poorer control and inappropriate management of the T2DM. Exercise therapy has beneficial effects on improving glycemic control, cardiovascular risk profile, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical functioning, cognitive functions, and the well-being of patients with T2DM.

Preventing Bacterial Resistance Need Of The Hour, Gajanan S. Gaude

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Study, Saikat Sen, Raja Chakraborty, Bitul Borah, B. K. Dey, Bapi R. Sarkar, B. J. Sahariah

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background and Purpose:

Momordica

charantia

L. (Cucurbitaceae) is used as both food and management of diverse human diseases science ancient time, including in the treatment of worm infection. This study was aimed to evaluate the comparative anthelmintic and anti-oxidant activity of juice and extracts of whole fruit, peels, and seed of

M.

charantia

.

Materials and Methods:

In vitro

anthelmintic activity of methanol extract of whole fruit, fruit peels, seed and fresh juice whole fruit, peels of

M.

charantia

was investigated against Indian adult earthworms (

Eisenia

foetida

). Extracts and juices are also investigated for their anti-oxidant activity using …

Renal Stone Disease In The Border Regions Of Karnataka, Maharashtra And Goa Role Of Diet, Urinary Ph And Body Mass Index, R. B. Nerli, Shivagouda Patil, M. B. Hiremath, R. A. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Although surgical treatments remove the offending stone, do little to alter the course of the disease. The incidence of stone disease is on the rise, a thorough understanding of the etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of urinary tract stone disease is necessary so as to develop an effective medial prophylactic program. We took up this study to analyze geographical factors, diet, body mass index (BMI) in patients from North West Karnataka, South coastal Maharashtra and Goa.

Materials and Methods:

Patients with renal stones for surgical management at our hospital formed study group. A detailed history of these patients was recorded. …

Gmos And Public Perception: College Students’ Opinions And Knowledge Of Genetic Engineering, Serene M. Cheng

RURALS: Review of Undergraduate Research in Agricultural and Life Sciences

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) can be developed and implemented to address significant global challenges, including nutrient deficiencies, climate change, and crop disease. However, widespread opposition has prevented the success of GMOs. We believe this opposition is strongly connected to a lack of understanding about genetics in general, which has been reflected by previous studies.

In this study, we considered the relationship between GMO support and genetics knowledge by comparing results from a brief quiz and responses to prompts relating to GMOs. Using a survey of college students, we found that support for GMOs and general knowledge of genetics are positively …